1082:
1145:
1061:
1103:
935:
956:
1019:
427:
antigenome, RdRp first binds to the trailer sequence on the 3'-end of the antigenome. Thereafter, RdRp ignores all transcription signals on the antigenome and synthesizes a copy of the genome while using the antigenome as a template. Replication is executed while the genome is inside the nucleocapsid, and RdRp unveils the capsid and translocates along the genome during replication. As new nucleotide sequences are synthesized by RdRp, capsid proteins are assembled and encapsidate the newly replicate viral RNA.
490:
1124:
104:
571:
44:
635:
370:
977:
1040:
998:
416:
914:
477:, meaning that both the negative genomic strand and positive antigenome separately encode different proteins. In order to transcribe ambisense viruses, two rounds of transcription are performed: first, mRNA is produced directly from the genome; second, mRNA is created from the antigenome. All ambisense viruses contain a
594:
terms of transmission, non-arthropod −ssRNA viruses can be distinguished between those that are reliant on arthropods for transmission and those that can circulate among vertebrates without the aid of arthropods. The latter group is likely to have originated from the former, adapting to vertebrate-only transmission.
593:
Plant and vertebrate −ssRNA viruses tend to be genetically related to arthropod-infected viruses. Furthermore, most −ssRNA viruses outside of arthropods are found in species that interact with arthropods. Arthropods therefore serve as both key hosts and vectors of transmission of −ssRNA viruses. In
589:
Within the phylum, −ssRNA viruses that infect arthropods appear to be basal and the ancestors of all other −ssRNA viruses. Arthropods frequently live together in large groups, which allows for viruses to be transmitted easily. Over time, this has led to arthropod −ssRNA viruses gaining a high level
893:
has become common to identify viruses in the environment. For −ssRNA viruses, this allowed for a large number of invertebrate, and especially arthropod, viruses to be identified, which helped to provide insight into the evolutionary history of −ssRNA viruses. Based on phylogenetic analysis of RdRp
426:
Replication of −ssRNA genomes is executed by RdRp, which initiates replication by binding to a leader sequence on the 3'-end (usually pronounced "three prime end") of the genome. RdRp then uses the negative sense genome as a template to synthesize a positive-sense antigenome. When replicating the
390:
are negative-sense, single-stranded RNA (−ssRNA) viruses. They have genomes made of RNA, which are single instead of double-stranded. Their genomes are negative sense, meaning that messenger RNA (mRNA) can be synthesized directly from the genome by the viral enzyme RNA-dependent RNA polymerase
278:
and can be informally divided between those that are reliant on arthropods for transmission and those that are descended from arthropod viruses but can now replicate in vertebrates without the aid of arthropods. Prominent arthropod-borne −ssRNA viruses include the
430:
Transcribing mRNA from the genome follows the same directional pattern as producing the antigenome. At the leader sequence, RdRp synthesizes a 5-'end (usually pronounced "five prime end") triphosphate-leader RNA and either, in the case of the subphylum
219:(RdRp). During replication of the viral genome, RdRp synthesizes a positive-sense antigenome that it uses as a template to create genomic negative-sense RNA. Negative-strand RNA viruses also share a number of other characteristics: most contain a
554:. There is no clear trend over time that determines the number of segments, and genome segmentation among −ssRNA viruses appears to be a flexible trait since it has evolved independently on multiple occasions. Most members of the subphylum
1924:
Bacharach E, Mishra N, Briese T, Zody MC, Kembou
Tsofack JE, Zamostiano R, Berkowitz A, Ng J, Nitido A, Corvelo A, Toussaint NC, Abel Nielsen SC, Hornig M, Del Pozo J, Bloom T, Ferguson H, Eldar A, Lipkin WI (5 April 2016).
470:. After the poly (A) tail is constructed, the mRNA is released by RdRp. In genomes that encode more than one transcribable portion, RdRp can continue scanning to the next start sequence to continue with transcription.
810:
system, which groups viruses together based on their manner of mRNA production and which is often used alongside standard virus taxonomy, which is based on evolutionary history. Therefore, Group V and
512:
complex composed of the genome and an RdRp attached to each segment of the genome surrounded by a capsid. The capsid is composed of proteins whose folded structure contains five alpha-helices in the
590:
of diversity. While arthropods host large quantities of viruses, there is disagreement about the degree to which cross-species transmission of arthropod −ssRNA viruses occurs among arthropods.
454:
After capping the mRNA, RdRp initiates transcription at a gene start signal and later terminates transcription upon reaching a gene end signal. At the end of transcription, RdRp synthesizes a
2873:
1081:
878:, was identified as an −ssRNA virus, which was unique at the time because other RNA viruses that had been discovered were positive sense. In the early 21st century, the bovine disease
534:
membrane that surrounds the capsid. The shape of the virus particle, called a virion, of −ssRNA viruses varies and may be filamentous, pleomorphic, spherical, or tubular.
1144:
1846:
Zhou H, Sun Y, Guo Y, Lou Z (September 2013). "Structural perspective on the formation of ribonucleoprotein complex in negative-sense single-stranded RNA viruses".
542:
Genome segmentation is a prominent trait among many −ssRNA viruses, and −ssRNA viruses range from having genomes with one segment, typical for members of the order
2866:
934:
6811:
6742:
1369:
Käfer S, Paraskevopoulou S, Zirkel F, Wieseke N, Donath A, Petersen M, Jones TC, Liu S, Zhou X, Middendorf M, Junglen S, Misof B, Drosten C (12 December 2019).
862:
Many diseases caused by −ssRNA viruses have been known throughout history, including hantavirus infection, measles, and rabies. In modern history, some such as
582:, which are dsRNA viruses. Within the phylum, there are two clear branches, assigned to two subphyla, based on whether RdRp synthesizes a cap on viral mRNA or
1060:
2049:
Scholthof KB, Adkins S, Czosnek H, Palukaitis P, Jacquot E, Hohn T, Hohn B, Saunders K, Candresse T, Ahlquist P, Hemenway C, Foster GD (December 2011).
223:
that surrounds the capsid, which encases the viral genome, −ssRNA virus genomes are usually linear, and it is common for their genome to be segmented.
2859:
768:, which contains −ssRNA viruses that encode an RdRp that takes a cap from host mRNA to use as the cap on viral mRNA and which have segmented genomes
6798:
6729:
1102:
653:, which contains −ssRNA viruses that encode an RdRp that synthesizes a cap structure on viral mRNA and which usually have nonsegmented genomes
2597:
Krammer F, Smith G, Fouchier R, Peiris M, Kedzierska K, Doherty PC, Palese P, Shaw ML, Treanor J, Webster RG, García-Sastre A (28 June 2018).
578:
Phylogenetic analysis based on RdRp shows that −ssRNA viruses are descended from a common ancestor and that they are likely a sister clade of
2123:
1018:
955:
403:, all −ssRNA viruses have linear rather than circular genomes, and the genomes may be segmented or non-segmented. All −ssRNA genomes contain
940:
1900:
1087:
73:
497:
52:
2507:
Velasco-Villa A, Mauldin MR, Shi M, Escobar LE, Gallardo-Romero NF, Damon I, Olson VA, Streicker DG, Emerson G (October 2017).
2646:
103:
2258:
1123:
822:
Negative-strand RNA viruses caused many widely known diseases. Many of these are transmitted by arthropods, including the
501:
216:
4659:
248:
6816:
6747:
6403:
5908:
4982:
1150:
871:
373:
2656:. Center for Food Security and Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University. November 2015
1431:"Unprecedented genomic diversity of RNA viruses in arthropods reveals the ancestry of negative-sense RNA viruses"
827:
284:
204:
6839:
2882:
976:
874:, first isolated in 1925 and one of the first animal viruses to be studied because it could be studied well in
807:
404:
1317:
Wolf YI, Kazlauskas D, Iranzo J, Lucia-Sanz A, Kuhn JH, Krupovic M, Dolja VV, Kooning EV (27 November 2018).
1039:
997:
631:
contains two subphyla, which contain a combined six classes, five of which are monotypic down to lower taxa:
520:
lobe (3-H motif). Inside the capsid, the genome is sandwiched between these two motifs. Excluding the family
823:
280:
913:
6682:
391:(RdRp), also called RNA replicase, which is encoded by all −ssRNA viruses. Excluding viruses in the genus
1882:
1226:
618:
550:
463:
444:
5170:
898:
and its two subphyla were established in 2018, and it was placed into the then newly established realm
5644:
1429:
Li CX, Shi M, Tian JH, Lin XD, Kang YJ, Chen LJ, Qin XC, Xu J, Holmes EC, Zhang YZ (29 January 2015).
6789:
6720:
6221:
5743:
4938:
3217:
2886:
1577:
261:, whose members are mostly non-segmented and which encode an RdRp that synthesizes caps on mRNA, and
98:
6040:
5708:
5651:
5623:
5595:
5265:
4949:
4880:
4140:
4133:
3224:
3182:
3175:
2306:
850:
are common among birds and mammals. Human-specific −ssRNA viruses include the measles virus and the
6235:
6089:
5868:
5616:
5609:
4429:
3627:
3245:
3231:
3189:
3102:
2380:
489:
255:, which are dsRNA viruses. Within the phylum, there are two major branches that form two subphyla:
6327:
6278:
6228:
6207:
5658:
3168:
1189:
because although it is −ssRNA, it does not encode RdRp, which is the unifying trait of viruses in
6844:
6047:
5120:
5113:
4186:
3821:
3807:
3399:
2780:
1906:
1611:
890:
175:
79:
6343:
5302:
5177:
5156:
5049:
4705:
4363:
4005:
3568:
3161:
3088:
2840:
2762:
2706:
2628:
2572:
2538:
2463:
2414:
2328:
2280:
2239:
2188:
2139:
2119:
2080:
2031:
1956:
1896:
1863:
1776:
1768:
1727:
1678:
1660:
1603:
1462:
1402:
1348:
1296:
1178:
839:
764:
300:
263:
6133:
6061:
5954:
5529:
5471:
5434:
5163:
4894:
4852:
4800:
4763:
4733:
4694:
4548:
4474:
4331:
3653:
3616:
3590:
3548:
3349:
3339:
3154:
3006:
2977:
2830:
2822:
2752:
2744:
2696:
2688:
2618:
2610:
2528:
2520:
2453:
2445:
2404:
2396:
2318:
2270:
2229:
2219:
2178:
2170:
2129:
2111:
2070:
2062:
2021:
2013:
1946:
1938:
1888:
1855:
1758:
1717:
1709:
1668:
1652:
1593:
1585:
1452:
1442:
1392:
1382:
1338:
1330:
1286:
1276:
1029:
493:
419:
208:
67:
61:
570:
6593:
6464:
6299:
6247:
6160:
6116:
6105:
5943:
5795:
5736:
5560:
5281:
5211:
5099:
5082:
5017:
4614:
4569:
4290:
3797:
3579:
3490:
3410:
3306:
1535:
1113:
1092:
1071:
1050:
847:
795:
649:
544:
455:
378:
296:
257:
830:. Among vertebrates, bats and rodents are common vectors for many viruses, including the
1598:
1581:
43:
6636:
6614:
6582:
6547:
6453:
6418:
6354:
6197:
6186:
6149:
5991:
5875:
5765:
5694:
5684:
5445:
5237:
5200:
5106:
4901:
4485:
4458:
4105:
4094:
3998:
3963:
3956:
3942:
3935:
3884:
3856:
3786:
3775:
3740:
3524:
3327:
3196:
3133:
3067:
3045:
2967:
2835:
2810:
2757:
2732:
2701:
2623:
2598:
2533:
2508:
2458:
2433:
2409:
2384:
2234:
2207:
2183:
2158:
2134:
2099:
2075:
2050:
2026:
2001:
1951:
1926:
1892:
1673:
1640:
1457:
1430:
1397:
1370:
1343:
1318:
1291:
1264:
882:, caused by −ssRNA rinderpest virus, became the second disease to be eradicated, after
722:
634:
527:
220:
2826:
1722:
1698:"RNA Sequences Involved in Transcriptional Termination of Respiratory Syncytial Virus"
1697:
6833:
6604:
6499:
6485:
6313:
6306:
6285:
6126:
6075:
6068:
5932:
5828:
5806:
5779:
5755:
5715:
5672:
5637:
5630:
5602:
5588:
5581:
5482:
5418:
5389:
5368:
5347:
5336:
5316:
5248:
5070:
5039:
5028:
5006:
4873:
4740:
4726:
4716:
4683:
4607:
4559:
4502:
4495:
4342:
4242:
4116:
4030:
4012:
3991:
3977:
3877:
3814:
3764:
3686:
3664:
3637:
3600:
3502:
3469:
3317:
3295:
3095:
3078:
3056:
3034:
2956:
2945:
2676:
2066:
1565:
1564:
Kuhn JH, Wolf YI, Krupovic M, Zhang YZ, Maes P, Dolja VV, Koonin EV (February 2019).
1155:
1134:
1108:
982:
583:
509:
440:
342:
268:
237:
212:
140:
89:
2524:
1910:
1615:
6626:
6571:
6506:
6475:
6442:
6292:
6264:
6082:
6054:
6033:
6019:
6012:
6002:
5838:
5772:
5701:
5549:
5519:
5508:
5455:
5411:
5401:
5382:
5358:
5309:
5221:
5134:
5092:
4931:
4863:
4841:
4821:
4811:
4621:
4537:
4448:
4419:
4407:
4397:
4385:
4375:
4353:
4311:
4301:
4274:
4253:
4231:
4207:
4197:
4175:
4072:
4023:
3984:
3970:
3949:
3718:
3696:
3674:
3541:
3443:
3431:
3388:
3377:
3284:
3273:
3238:
3144:
2996:
2851:
1927:"Characterization of a Novel Orthomyxo-like Virus Causing Mass Die-Offs of Tilapia"
1656:
966:
945:
924:
875:
835:
779:
623:
478:
369:
304:
415:
6774:
6705:
2557:
2481:
1387:
6783:
6714:
6492:
6271:
6257:
6170:
6026:
5816:
5729:
5722:
5665:
5571:
5492:
5375:
5292:
5258:
5184:
5146:
5127:
5063:
5056:
4887:
4747:
4436:
4264:
4164:
4059:
3909:
3891:
3867:
3730:
3708:
3534:
3512:
3480:
3421:
3210:
3122:
2984:
2934:
2910:
2353:
1713:
1066:
1008:
1003:
987:
919:
851:
831:
522:
288:
84:
2323:
1884:
Viruses: Molecular
Biology, Host Interactions and Applications to Biotechnology
1589:
481:
structure to stop transcription after the protein's mRNA has been transcribed.
17:
6364:
6320:
6214:
5975:
4784:
4774:
4526:
4126:
3453:
3203:
2614:
2449:
2017:
1859:
961:
879:
843:
748:
708:
517:
513:
399:
393:
292:
1772:
1664:
6560:
6431:
5965:
5921:
4995:
4672:
4644:
4083:
2923:
2895:
2733:"The contribution of vaccination to global health: past, present and future"
2275:
2174:
1746:
1024:
867:
676:
474:
275:
243:
128:
2766:
2748:
2710:
2692:
2632:
2576:
2542:
2467:
2418:
2332:
2284:
2243:
2192:
2143:
2084:
2035:
1960:
1867:
1731:
1682:
1607:
1466:
1406:
1352:
1300:
1225:
Wolf Y, Krupovic M, Zhang YZ, Maes P, Dolji V, Koonin EV (21 August 2017).
443:
from a host mRNA and attaches it to the viral mRNA so that the mRNA can be
2844:
1942:
1780:
1334:
6768:
6699:
1182:
883:
579:
448:
252:
6803:
6734:
1763:
1747:"Pseudo-templated transcription in prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms"
1447:
642:(top), genome of different members and major conserved proteins (bottom)
407:, which are palindromic nucleotide sequences at each end of the genome.
2115:
1045:
459:
2400:
1371:"Re-assessing the diversity of negative strand RNA viruses in insects"
1281:
271:
from host mRNAs. A total of six classes in the phylum are recognized.
211:(RNA). They have genomes that act as complementary strands from which
2224:
1696:
Harmon, Shawn B.; Megaw, A. George; Wertz, Gail W. (1 January 2001).
1129:
467:
227:
6676:
2159:"The spread and evolution of rabies virus: conquering new frontiers"
1820:
1794:
1509:
1480:
1181:
is often called a virus but can be more specifically described as a
609:, which encompasses all RNA viruses that encode RdRp, and the realm
2488:. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 5 February 2018
2360:. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 5 February 2018
894:
showing that −ssRNA viruses were descended from a common ancestor,
863:
633:
569:
531:
488:
414:
368:
319:
200:
115:
6680:
6544:
6415:
5905:
4979:
4656:
4056:
2907:
2855:
2558:"General introduction into the Ebola virus biology and disease"
1974:
2385:"Molecular biology, pathogenesis and pathology of mumps virus"
2100:"Ebola Virus Disease in Humans: Pathophysiology and Immunity"
806:
Negative-strand RNA viruses are classified as Group V in the
267:, whose members are segmented and which encode an RdRp that
2307:"Animal influenza virus infections in humans: A commentary"
2305:
Borkenhagen LK, Salman MD, Ma MJ, Gray GC (November 2019).
355:
being taken from
Ancient Greek πολύπλοκος, meaning complex.
59:. Not to scale. Species from left to right, top to bottom:
1821:"Ambisense transcription in negative stranded RNA viruses"
274:
Negative-strand RNA viruses are closely associated with
558:
are nonsegmented, whereas segmentation is universal in
247:. They are descended from a common ancestor that was a
2432:
Jiang H, Zheng X, Wang L, Du H, Wang P, Bai X (2017).
2785:
International
Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV)
1265:"Nucleocapsid Structure of Negative Strand RNA Virus"
1234:
International
Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV)
838:, transmitted by bats and other vertebrates, and the
347:
is the suffix used for virus subphyla. The subphylum
1639:
Fearns, Rachel; Plemper, Richard K (15 April 2017).
1185:-like pathogenic −ssRNA strand. It is excluded from
586:
from host mRNA and attaches that cap to viral mRNA.
333:, is the suffix used for virus phyla. The subphylum
6758:
6689:
6624:
6602:
6591:
6580:
6569:
6558:
6473:
6462:
6451:
6440:
6429:
6402:
6352:
6341:
6245:
6195:
6184:
6158:
6147:
6114:
6103:
6000:
5989:
5963:
5952:
5941:
5930:
5919:
5856:
5826:
5804:
5793:
5753:
5682:
5569:
5558:
5547:
5517:
5506:
5480:
5469:
5443:
5432:
5399:
5356:
5345:
5334:
5290:
5279:
5246:
5235:
5209:
5198:
5144:
5080:
5037:
5026:
5015:
5004:
4993:
4919:
4861:
4850:
4839:
4809:
4798:
4772:
4761:
4714:
4703:
4692:
4681:
4670:
4643:
4595:
4557:
4546:
4535:
4524:
4483:
4472:
4446:
4417:
4395:
4373:
4351:
4340:
4329:
4299:
4288:
4262:
4251:
4240:
4229:
4195:
4184:
4173:
4162:
4114:
4103:
4092:
4081:
4070:
3923:
3901:
3865:
3854:
3847:
3795:
3784:
3773:
3762:
3728:
3706:
3684:
3662:
3651:
3625:
3614:
3588:
3577:
3566:
3522:
3500:
3478:
3467:
3441:
3419:
3408:
3397:
3386:
3375:
3337:
3315:
3304:
3293:
3282:
3271:
3142:
3131:
3120:
3076:
3065:
3054:
3043:
3032:
2994:
2965:
2954:
2943:
2932:
2921:
2894:
2434:"Hantavirus infection: a global zoonotic challenge"
2051:"Top 10 plant viruses in molecular plant pathology"
1795:"Negative-stranded RNA virus polymerase stuttering"
548:, to genomes with ten segments, as is the case for
435:, caps the 5'-end or, in the case of the subphylum
2157:Fisher CR, Streicker DG, Schnell MJ (April 2018).
1641:"Polymerases of paramyxoviruses and pneumoviruses"
251:, and they are considered to be a sister clade of
2509:"The history of rabies in the Western Hemisphere"
2257:Avsic-Zupanc T, Saksida A, Korva M (April 2019).
2106:. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology.
1981:. International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses
1319:"Origins and Evolution of the Global RNA Virome"
516:lobe (5-H motif) and three alpha-helices in the
287:. Notable vertebrate −ssRNA viruses include the
2811:"Progress towards a higher taxonomy of viruses"
1566:"Classify viruses - the gain is worth the pain"
2867:
1745:Jacques, J. P.; Kolakofsky, D. (1 May 1991).
1263:Luo M, Terrel JR, Mcmanus SA (30 July 2020).
8:
2379:Rubin S, Eckhaus M, Rennick LJ, Bamford CG,
1227:"Megataxonomy of negative-sense RNA viruses"
1510:"Negative-stranded RNA virus transcription"
226:Negative-strand RNA viruses constitute the
6677:
6599:
6588:
6577:
6566:
6555:
6541:
6470:
6459:
6448:
6437:
6426:
6412:
6408:
6349:
6192:
6155:
6111:
5997:
5960:
5949:
5938:
5927:
5916:
5902:
5801:
5566:
5555:
5514:
5477:
5440:
5353:
5342:
5287:
5243:
5206:
5034:
5023:
5012:
5001:
4990:
4976:
4858:
4847:
4806:
4769:
4711:
4700:
4689:
4678:
4667:
4653:
4649:
4554:
4543:
4532:
4480:
4348:
4337:
4296:
4259:
4248:
4237:
4192:
4181:
4170:
4111:
4100:
4089:
4078:
4067:
4053:
3862:
3851:
3792:
3781:
3770:
3659:
3622:
3585:
3574:
3475:
3416:
3405:
3394:
3383:
3312:
3301:
3290:
3279:
3139:
3128:
3073:
3062:
3051:
3040:
2962:
2951:
2940:
2929:
2918:
2904:
2900:
2874:
2860:
2852:
1220:
1218:
1216:
1214:
1212:
1210:
870:have caused deadly disease outbreaks. The
462:in the mRNA's 3-end, which may be done by
458:(poly (A) tail) consisting of hundreds of
215:(mRNA) is synthesized by the viral enzyme
42:
31:
2834:
2756:
2700:
2622:
2532:
2457:
2408:
2322:
2274:
2233:
2223:
2182:
2133:
2074:
2025:
1950:
1762:
1721:
1672:
1597:
1481:"Negative stranded RNA virus replication"
1456:
1446:
1396:
1386:
1342:
1290:
1280:
2781:"ICTV Taxonomy history: Negarnaviricota"
2677:"A short biased history of RNA viruses"
1559:
1557:
1504:
1502:
1364:
1362:
1206:
1170:
909:
2556:Zawilinska B, Kosz-Vnenchak M (2014).
1312:
1310:
508:Negative-strand RNA viruses contain a
345:ἁπλός, meaning simple, and 'viricotina
318:takes the first part of its name from
1634:
1632:
1258:
1256:
1254:
1252:
1250:
7:
2206:Yun NE, Walker DH (9 October 2012).
2098:Muñoz-Fontela C, McElroy AK (2017).
1424:
1422:
1420:
1418:
1416:
325:, meaning negative, the middle part
1827:. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics
1801:. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics
1542:. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics
1516:. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics
1487:. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics
617:as well as all viruses that encode
329:refers to RNA, and the final part,
167:
2737:Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci
1893:10.1016/B978-0-12-811257-1.00002-4
941:Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus
526:, −ssRNA viruses contain an outer
337:takes the first part of its name,
207:, single-stranded genomes made of
25:
1088:Human respiratory syncytial virus
249:double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) virus
184:Negative-sense RNA viruses (NSVs)
53:transmission electron micrographs
2067:10.1111/j.1364-3703.2011.00752.x
1887:. Elsevier. pp. 19–27, 43.
1143:
1122:
1101:
1080:
1059:
1038:
1017:
996:
975:
954:
933:
912:
498:transmission electron micrograph
102:
2654:Swine Health Information Center
2525:10.1016/j.antiviral.2017.03.013
1975:"Virus Taxonomy: 2019 Release"
1657:10.1016/j.virusres.2017.01.008
55:of some viruses in the phylum
1:
2827:10.1016/S0923-2516(06)80059-2
2208:"Pathogenesis of Lassa fever"
502:California encephalitis virus
411:Replication and transcription
2647:"Vesicular stomatitis virus"
1388:10.1371/journal.ppat.1008224
217:RNA-dependent RNA polymerase
2731:Greenwood B (12 May 2014).
2675:Kolakofsky D (April 2015).
1714:10.1128/JVI.75.1.36-44.2001
574:Phylogeny of −ssRNA viruses
193:Negative-strand RNA viruses
6861:
2324:10.1016/j.ijid.2019.08.002
2104:Curr Top Microbiol Immunol
1590:10.1038/d41586-019-00599-8
1151:Vesicular stomatitis virus
872:vesicular stomatitis virus
846:, transmitted by rodents.
374:Vesicular stomatitis virus
351:follows the same pattern,
68:Sin Nombre orthohantavirus
6554:
6540:
6425:
6411:
5915:
5901:
4989:
4975:
4666:
4652:
4066:
4052:
2917:
2903:
2615:10.1038/s41572-018-0002-y
2450:10.1007/s12250-016-3899-x
2354:"Transmission of Measles"
2018:10.1016/j.cll.2017.01.004
1860:10.1016/j.tim.2013.07.006
886:, caused by a DNA virus.
828:tomato spotted wilt virus
405:terminal inverted repeats
285:tomato spotted wilt virus
199:) are a group of related
181:
174:
165:
160:
97:
50:
41:
34:
808:Baltimore classification
473:Some −ssRNA viruses are
2276:10.1111/1469-0691.12291
2259:"Hantavirus infections"
2175:10.1038/nrmicro.2018.11
2000:Hartman A (June 2017).
1751:Genes & Development
824:Rift Valley fever virus
605:belongs to the kingdom
397:and some in the family
281:Rift Valley fever virus
2749:10.1098/rstb.2013.0433
2693:10.1261/rna.049916.115
643:
575:
505:
423:
383:
74:Human orthopneumovirus
2263:Clin Microbiol Infect
1943:10.1128/mBio.00431-16
1335:10.1128/mBio.02329-18
889:In the 21st century,
638:Phylogenetic tree of
637:
619:reverse transcriptase
573:
551:Tilapia tilapinevirus
492:
418:
372:
90:Measles morbillivirus
2887:virus classification
2815:Research in Virology
2809:Ward, C. W. (1993).
99:Virus classification
5869:Permutotetraviridae
3628:Orthopolintovirales
3103:Malacoherpesviridae
2603:Nat Rev Dis Primers
2002:"Rift Valley Fever"
1979:talk.ictvonline.org
1881:Fermin, G. (2018).
1764:10.1101/gad.5.5.707
1702:Journal of Virology
1582:2019Natur.566..318K
1448:10.7554/eLife.05378
456:polyadenylated tail
447:by the host cell's
4187:Malgrandaviricetes
3822:Sphaerolipoviridae
3808:Matshushitaviridae
3400:Nucleocytoviricota
2743:(1645): 20130433.
2116:10.1007/82_2017_11
891:viral metagenomics
644:
576:
506:
496:structure (left);
424:
384:
83:, an unidentified
80:Hendra henipavirus
6827:
6826:
6683:Taxon identifiers
6674:
6673:
6670:
6669:
6666:
6665:
6662:
6661:
6658:
6657:
6654:
6653:
6650:
6649:
6646:
6645:
6536:
6535:
6532:
6531:
6528:
6527:
6524:
6523:
6520:
6519:
6516:
6515:
6398:
6397:
6394:
6393:
6390:
6389:
6386:
6385:
6382:
6381:
6378:
6377:
6374:
6373:
6344:Yunchangviricetes
6337:
6336:
6180:
6179:
6143:
6142:
6099:
6098:
5985:
5984:
5897:
5896:
5893:
5892:
5889:
5888:
5885:
5884:
5852:
5851:
5848:
5847:
5789:
5788:
5543:
5542:
5539:
5538:
5502:
5501:
5465:
5464:
5428:
5427:
5330:
5329:
5326:
5325:
5303:Carmotetraviridae
5275:
5274:
5231:
5230:
5194:
5193:
5178:Gammaflexiviridae
5171:Deltaflexiviridae
5157:Alphaflexiviridae
5050:Alphatetraviridae
4971:
4970:
4967:
4966:
4963:
4962:
4959:
4958:
4915:
4914:
4911:
4910:
4835:
4834:
4831:
4830:
4794:
4793:
4757:
4756:
4706:Chrymotiviricetes
4639:
4638:
4635:
4634:
4631:
4630:
4591:
4590:
4587:
4586:
4583:
4582:
4579:
4578:
4520:
4519:
4516:
4515:
4512:
4511:
4468:
4467:
4364:Bacilladnaviridae
4325:
4324:
4321:
4320:
4284:
4283:
4225:
4224:
4221:
4220:
4217:
4216:
4158:
4157:
4154:
4153:
4150:
4149:
4048:
4047:
4044:
4043:
4040:
4039:
4006:Portogloboviridae
3919:
3918:
3843:
3842:
3839:
3838:
3835:
3834:
3831:
3830:
3758:
3757:
3754:
3753:
3750:
3749:
3647:
3646:
3610:
3609:
3569:Preplasmiviricota
3562:
3561:
3558:
3557:
3463:
3462:
3371:
3370:
3367:
3366:
3363:
3362:
3359:
3358:
3267:
3266:
3263:
3262:
3259:
3258:
3255:
3254:
3162:Autographiviridae
3116:
3115:
3112:
3111:
3089:Alloherpesviridae
3028:
3027:
3024:
3023:
3020:
3019:
3016:
3015:
2482:"Measles history"
2401:10.1002/path.4445
2218:(10): 2031–2048.
2163:Nat Rev Microbiol
2125:978-3-319-68946-3
1576:(7744): 318–320.
1282:10.3390/v12080835
1179:hepatitis D virus
848:Influenza viruses
840:Lassa fever virus
765:Polyploviricotina
730:Yunchangviricetes
613:, which includes
560:Polyploviricotina
510:ribonucleoprotein
466:on a sequence of
437:Polyploviricotina
422:replication cycle
376:(VSV) virion and
349:Polyploviricotina
301:Lassa fever virus
297:influenza viruses
264:Polyploviricotina
235:, in the kingdom
190:
189:
27:Phylum of viruses
16:(Redirected from
6852:
6820:
6819:
6807:
6806:
6794:
6793:
6792:
6779:
6778:
6777:
6751:
6750:
6738:
6737:
6725:
6724:
6723:
6710:
6709:
6708:
6678:
6600:
6589:
6578:
6567:
6556:
6548:dsDNA-RT viruses
6542:
6471:
6460:
6449:
6438:
6427:
6419:ssRNA-RT viruses
6413:
6409:
6350:
6193:
6161:Serpentovirales
6156:
6134:Orthomyxoviridae
6112:
6062:Peribunyaviridae
5998:
5961:
5955:Chunqiuviricetes
5950:
5939:
5928:
5917:
5909:(–)ssRNA viruses
5903:
5802:
5645:Nanghoshaviridae
5567:
5556:
5530:Botourmiaviridae
5515:
5478:
5472:Howeltoviricetes
5441:
5435:Amabiliviricetes
5354:
5343:
5288:
5244:
5207:
5164:Betaflexiviridae
5035:
5024:
5013:
5002:
4991:
4983:(+)ssRNA viruses
4977:
4895:Picobirnaviridae
4859:
4853:Duplopiviricetes
4848:
4807:
4801:Vidaverviricetes
4770:
4764:Resentoviricetes
4734:Megabirnaviridae
4712:
4701:
4695:Duplornaviricota
4690:
4679:
4668:
4654:
4650:
4555:
4549:Huolimaviricetes
4544:
4533:
4481:
4475:Repensiviricetes
4349:
4338:
4332:Cressdnaviricota
4297:
4260:
4249:
4238:
4193:
4182:
4171:
4112:
4101:
4090:
4079:
4068:
4054:
3863:
3852:
3793:
3782:
3771:
3660:
3654:Tectiliviricetes
3623:
3617:Polintoviricetes
3591:Priklausovirales
3586:
3575:
3549:Marseilleviridae
3476:
3417:
3406:
3395:
3384:
3350:Papillomaviridae
3340:Zurhausenvirales
3313:
3302:
3291:
3280:
3155:Ackermannviridae
3140:
3129:
3074:
3063:
3052:
3041:
3007:Tristromaviridae
2978:Lipothrixviridae
2963:
2952:
2941:
2930:
2919:
2905:
2901:
2876:
2869:
2862:
2853:
2848:
2838:
2796:
2795:
2793:
2791:
2777:
2771:
2770:
2760:
2728:
2722:
2721:
2719:
2717:
2704:
2672:
2666:
2665:
2663:
2661:
2651:
2643:
2637:
2636:
2626:
2594:
2588:
2587:
2585:
2583:
2565:Folia Med Cracov
2562:
2553:
2547:
2546:
2536:
2504:
2498:
2497:
2495:
2493:
2478:
2472:
2471:
2461:
2429:
2423:
2422:
2412:
2383:(January 2015).
2376:
2370:
2369:
2367:
2365:
2350:
2344:
2343:
2341:
2339:
2326:
2311:Int J Infect Dis
2302:
2296:
2295:
2293:
2291:
2278:
2254:
2248:
2247:
2237:
2227:
2225:10.3390/v4102031
2203:
2197:
2196:
2186:
2154:
2148:
2147:
2137:
2095:
2089:
2088:
2078:
2055:Mol Plant Pathol
2046:
2040:
2039:
2029:
1997:
1991:
1990:
1988:
1986:
1971:
1965:
1964:
1954:
1937:(2): e00431-16.
1921:
1915:
1914:
1878:
1872:
1871:
1848:Trends Microbiol
1843:
1837:
1836:
1834:
1832:
1817:
1811:
1810:
1808:
1806:
1791:
1785:
1784:
1766:
1742:
1736:
1735:
1725:
1693:
1687:
1686:
1676:
1636:
1627:
1626:
1624:
1622:
1601:
1561:
1552:
1551:
1549:
1547:
1532:
1526:
1525:
1523:
1521:
1506:
1497:
1496:
1494:
1492:
1477:
1471:
1470:
1460:
1450:
1426:
1411:
1410:
1400:
1390:
1381:(12): e1008224.
1366:
1357:
1356:
1346:
1329:(6): e02329-18.
1314:
1305:
1304:
1294:
1284:
1260:
1245:
1244:
1242:
1240:
1231:
1222:
1194:
1175:
1147:
1126:
1105:
1084:
1063:
1042:
1030:Orthomyxoviridae
1021:
1000:
979:
958:
937:
916:
814:are synonymous.
658:Chunquiviricetes
209:ribonucleic acid
107:
106:
62:Zaire ebolavirus
46:
32:
21:
6860:
6859:
6855:
6854:
6853:
6851:
6850:
6849:
6840:Negarnaviricota
6830:
6829:
6828:
6823:
6815:
6810:
6802:
6797:
6790:Negarnaviricota
6788:
6787:
6782:
6773:
6772:
6767:
6760:Negarnaviricota
6754:
6746:
6741:
6733:
6728:
6721:Negarnaviricota
6719:
6718:
6713:
6704:
6703:
6698:
6691:Negarnaviricota
6685:
6675:
6642:
6620:
6594:Revtraviricetes
6550:
6512:
6465:Revtraviricetes
6421:
6370:
6333:
6300:Paramyxoviridae
6248:Mononegavirales
6241:
6222:Crepuscuviridae
6176:
6139:
6117:Articulavirales
6106:Insthoviricetes
6095:
5981:
5944:Negarnaviricota
5911:
5881:
5844:
5822:
5796:Stelpaviricetes
5785:
5749:
5744:Polycipiviridae
5737:Dicistroviridae
5678:
5561:Pisoniviricetes
5535:
5498:
5461:
5424:
5395:
5322:
5282:Tolucaviricetes
5271:
5227:
5212:Amarillovirales
5190:
5140:
5100:Closteroviridae
5083:Martellivirales
5076:
5018:Kitrinoviricota
4985:
4955:
4939:Polymycoviridae
4907:
4827:
4790:
4753:
4662:
4627:
4615:Finnlakeviridae
4575:
4570:Pleolipoviridae
4508:
4464:
4442:
4413:
4391:
4369:
4317:
4291:Quintoviricetes
4280:
4213:
4146:
4062:
4036:
3915:
3897:
3827:
3798:Halopanivirales
3746:
3724:
3702:
3680:
3643:
3606:
3580:Maveriviricetes
3554:
3518:
3496:
3491:Phycodnaviridae
3459:
3437:
3411:Pokkesviricetes
3355:
3333:
3307:Papovaviricetes
3251:
3218:Rountreeviridae
3108:
3012:
2990:
2913:
2890:
2880:
2808:
2805:
2803:Further reading
2800:
2799:
2789:
2787:
2779:
2778:
2774:
2730:
2729:
2725:
2715:
2713:
2674:
2673:
2669:
2659:
2657:
2649:
2645:
2644:
2640:
2596:
2595:
2591:
2581:
2579:
2560:
2555:
2554:
2550:
2506:
2505:
2501:
2491:
2489:
2480:
2479:
2475:
2431:
2430:
2426:
2378:
2377:
2373:
2363:
2361:
2352:
2351:
2347:
2337:
2335:
2304:
2303:
2299:
2289:
2287:
2256:
2255:
2251:
2205:
2204:
2200:
2156:
2155:
2151:
2126:
2097:
2096:
2092:
2048:
2047:
2043:
1999:
1998:
1994:
1984:
1982:
1973:
1972:
1968:
1923:
1922:
1918:
1903:
1880:
1879:
1875:
1845:
1844:
1840:
1830:
1828:
1819:
1818:
1814:
1804:
1802:
1793:
1792:
1788:
1744:
1743:
1739:
1695:
1694:
1690:
1638:
1637:
1630:
1620:
1618:
1563:
1562:
1555:
1545:
1543:
1536:"Cap snatching"
1534:
1533:
1529:
1519:
1517:
1508:
1507:
1500:
1490:
1488:
1479:
1478:
1474:
1428:
1427:
1414:
1368:
1367:
1360:
1316:
1315:
1308:
1262:
1261:
1248:
1238:
1236:
1229:
1224:
1223:
1208:
1203:
1198:
1197:
1187:Negarnaviricota
1176:
1172:
1167:
1160:
1148:
1139:
1127:
1118:
1114:Paramyxoviridae
1106:
1097:
1093:Paramyxoviridae
1085:
1076:
1072:Paramyxoviridae
1064:
1055:
1051:Paramyxoviridae
1043:
1034:
1022:
1013:
1001:
992:
980:
971:
959:
950:
938:
929:
917:
908:
896:Negarnaviricota
860:
820:
812:Negarnaviricota
796:Articulavirales
789:Insthoviricetes
696:Serpentovirales
650:Haploviricotina
640:Negarnaviricota
629:Negarnaviricota
621:in the kingdom
603:Negarnaviricota
600:
568:
556:Haploviricotina
545:Mononegavirales
540:
487:
433:Haploviricotina
420:Influenza virus
413:
388:Negarnaviricota
386:All viruses in
379:Mononegavirales
367:
362:
360:Characteristics
335:Haploviricotina
316:Negarnaviricota
313:
258:Haploviricotina
232:Negarnaviricota
154:Negarnaviricota
101:
57:Negarnaviricota
36:Negarnaviricota
28:
23:
22:
18:Negarnaviricota
15:
12:
11:
5:
6858:
6856:
6848:
6847:
6842:
6832:
6831:
6825:
6824:
6822:
6821:
6808:
6795:
6780:
6764:
6762:
6756:
6755:
6753:
6752:
6739:
6726:
6711:
6695:
6693:
6687:
6686:
6681:
6672:
6671:
6668:
6667:
6664:
6663:
6660:
6659:
6656:
6655:
6652:
6651:
6648:
6647:
6644:
6643:
6641:
6640:
6637:Caulimoviridae
6632:
6630:
6622:
6621:
6619:
6618:
6615:Hepadnaviridae
6610:
6608:
6597:
6586:
6583:Artverviricota
6575:
6564:
6552:
6551:
6545:
6538:
6537:
6534:
6533:
6530:
6529:
6526:
6525:
6522:
6521:
6518:
6517:
6514:
6513:
6511:
6510:
6503:
6496:
6489:
6481:
6479:
6468:
6457:
6454:Artverviricota
6446:
6435:
6423:
6422:
6416:
6406:
6400:
6399:
6396:
6395:
6392:
6391:
6388:
6387:
6384:
6383:
6380:
6379:
6376:
6375:
6372:
6371:
6369:
6368:
6360:
6358:
6355:Goujianvirales
6347:
6339:
6338:
6335:
6334:
6332:
6331:
6324:
6317:
6310:
6303:
6296:
6289:
6282:
6275:
6268:
6261:
6253:
6251:
6243:
6242:
6240:
6239:
6232:
6225:
6218:
6211:
6203:
6201:
6198:Jingchuvirales
6190:
6187:Monjiviricetes
6182:
6181:
6178:
6177:
6175:
6174:
6166:
6164:
6153:
6150:Milneviricetes
6145:
6144:
6141:
6140:
6138:
6137:
6130:
6122:
6120:
6109:
6101:
6100:
6097:
6096:
6094:
6093:
6086:
6079:
6072:
6065:
6058:
6051:
6044:
6041:Leishbuviridae
6037:
6030:
6023:
6016:
6008:
6006:
5995:
5992:Ellioviricetes
5987:
5986:
5983:
5982:
5980:
5979:
5971:
5969:
5958:
5947:
5936:
5925:
5913:
5912:
5906:
5899:
5898:
5895:
5894:
5891:
5890:
5887:
5886:
5883:
5882:
5880:
5879:
5876:Sarthroviridae
5872:
5860:
5858:
5854:
5853:
5850:
5849:
5846:
5845:
5843:
5842:
5834:
5832:
5824:
5823:
5821:
5820:
5812:
5810:
5799:
5791:
5790:
5787:
5786:
5784:
5783:
5776:
5769:
5766:Alvernaviridae
5761:
5759:
5751:
5750:
5748:
5747:
5740:
5733:
5726:
5719:
5712:
5709:Solinviviridae
5705:
5698:
5695:Picornaviridae
5690:
5688:
5685:Picornavirales
5680:
5679:
5677:
5676:
5669:
5662:
5655:
5652:Nanhypoviridae
5648:
5641:
5634:
5627:
5624:Medioniviridae
5620:
5613:
5606:
5599:
5596:Cremegaviridae
5592:
5585:
5577:
5575:
5564:
5553:
5545:
5544:
5541:
5540:
5537:
5536:
5534:
5533:
5525:
5523:
5512:
5504:
5503:
5500:
5499:
5497:
5496:
5488:
5486:
5475:
5467:
5466:
5463:
5462:
5460:
5459:
5451:
5449:
5446:Wolframvirales
5438:
5430:
5429:
5426:
5425:
5423:
5422:
5415:
5407:
5405:
5397:
5396:
5394:
5393:
5386:
5379:
5372:
5364:
5362:
5351:
5340:
5332:
5331:
5328:
5327:
5324:
5323:
5321:
5320:
5313:
5306:
5298:
5296:
5285:
5277:
5276:
5273:
5272:
5270:
5269:
5266:Sinhaliviridae
5262:
5254:
5252:
5241:
5238:Magsaviricetes
5233:
5232:
5229:
5228:
5226:
5225:
5217:
5215:
5204:
5201:Flasuviricetes
5196:
5195:
5192:
5191:
5189:
5188:
5181:
5174:
5167:
5160:
5152:
5150:
5142:
5141:
5139:
5138:
5131:
5124:
5117:
5110:
5107:Endornaviridae
5103:
5096:
5088:
5086:
5078:
5077:
5075:
5074:
5067:
5060:
5053:
5045:
5043:
5032:
5021:
5010:
4999:
4987:
4986:
4980:
4973:
4972:
4969:
4968:
4965:
4964:
4961:
4960:
4957:
4956:
4954:
4953:
4950:Botybirnavirus
4942:
4935:
4923:
4921:
4917:
4916:
4913:
4912:
4909:
4908:
4906:
4905:
4902:Partitiviridae
4898:
4891:
4884:
4881:Curvulaviridae
4877:
4869:
4867:
4856:
4845:
4837:
4836:
4833:
4832:
4829:
4828:
4826:
4825:
4817:
4815:
4804:
4796:
4795:
4792:
4791:
4789:
4788:
4780:
4778:
4767:
4759:
4758:
4755:
4754:
4752:
4751:
4744:
4737:
4730:
4722:
4720:
4709:
4698:
4687:
4676:
4664:
4663:
4657:
4647:
4641:
4640:
4637:
4636:
4633:
4632:
4629:
4628:
4626:
4625:
4618:
4611:
4599:
4597:
4593:
4592:
4589:
4588:
4585:
4584:
4581:
4580:
4577:
4576:
4574:
4573:
4565:
4563:
4552:
4541:
4530:
4522:
4521:
4518:
4517:
4514:
4513:
4510:
4509:
4507:
4506:
4499:
4491:
4489:
4486:Geplafuvirales
4478:
4470:
4469:
4466:
4465:
4463:
4462:
4459:Redondoviridae
4454:
4452:
4444:
4443:
4441:
4440:
4433:
4425:
4423:
4415:
4414:
4412:
4411:
4403:
4401:
4393:
4392:
4390:
4389:
4381:
4379:
4371:
4370:
4368:
4367:
4359:
4357:
4346:
4335:
4327:
4326:
4323:
4322:
4319:
4318:
4316:
4315:
4307:
4305:
4294:
4286:
4285:
4282:
4281:
4279:
4278:
4270:
4268:
4257:
4246:
4235:
4227:
4226:
4223:
4222:
4219:
4218:
4215:
4214:
4212:
4211:
4203:
4201:
4190:
4179:
4168:
4160:
4159:
4156:
4155:
4152:
4151:
4148:
4147:
4145:
4144:
4141:Plectroviridae
4137:
4134:Paulinoviridae
4130:
4122:
4120:
4109:
4106:Faserviricetes
4098:
4095:Hofneiviricota
4087:
4076:
4064:
4063:
4057:
4050:
4049:
4046:
4045:
4042:
4041:
4038:
4037:
4035:
4034:
4027:
4016:
4009:
4002:
3999:Polydnaviridae
3995:
3988:
3981:
3974:
3967:
3964:Globuloviridae
3960:
3957:Fuselloviridae
3953:
3946:
3943:Bicaudaviridae
3939:
3936:Ampullaviridae
3927:
3925:
3921:
3920:
3917:
3916:
3914:
3913:
3905:
3903:
3899:
3898:
3896:
3895:
3888:
3885:Hytrosaviridae
3881:
3873:
3871:
3860:
3857:Naldaviricetes
3849:
3845:
3844:
3841:
3840:
3837:
3836:
3833:
3832:
3829:
3828:
3826:
3825:
3818:
3811:
3803:
3801:
3790:
3787:Laserviricetes
3779:
3776:Dividoviricota
3768:
3760:
3759:
3756:
3755:
3752:
3751:
3748:
3747:
3745:
3744:
3741:Corticoviridae
3736:
3734:
3726:
3725:
3723:
3722:
3714:
3712:
3704:
3703:
3701:
3700:
3692:
3690:
3682:
3681:
3679:
3678:
3670:
3668:
3657:
3649:
3648:
3645:
3644:
3642:
3641:
3633:
3631:
3620:
3612:
3611:
3608:
3607:
3605:
3604:
3596:
3594:
3583:
3572:
3564:
3563:
3560:
3559:
3556:
3555:
3553:
3552:
3545:
3538:
3530:
3528:
3525:Pimascovirales
3520:
3519:
3517:
3516:
3508:
3506:
3498:
3497:
3495:
3494:
3486:
3484:
3473:
3465:
3464:
3461:
3460:
3458:
3457:
3449:
3447:
3439:
3438:
3436:
3435:
3427:
3425:
3414:
3403:
3392:
3381:
3373:
3372:
3369:
3368:
3365:
3364:
3361:
3360:
3357:
3356:
3354:
3353:
3345:
3343:
3335:
3334:
3332:
3331:
3328:Polyomaviridae
3323:
3321:
3310:
3299:
3288:
3277:
3269:
3268:
3265:
3264:
3261:
3260:
3257:
3256:
3253:
3252:
3250:
3249:
3242:
3235:
3228:
3225:Salasmaviridae
3221:
3214:
3207:
3200:
3197:Herelleviridae
3193:
3186:
3183:Drexlerviridae
3179:
3176:Demerecviridae
3172:
3165:
3158:
3150:
3148:
3137:
3134:Caudoviricetes
3126:
3118:
3117:
3114:
3113:
3110:
3109:
3107:
3106:
3099:
3092:
3084:
3082:
3071:
3068:Herviviricetes
3060:
3049:
3046:Heunggongvirae
3038:
3030:
3029:
3026:
3025:
3022:
3021:
3018:
3017:
3014:
3013:
3011:
3010:
3002:
3000:
2992:
2991:
2989:
2988:
2981:
2973:
2971:
2968:Ligamenvirales
2960:
2949:
2938:
2927:
2915:
2914:
2908:
2898:
2892:
2891:
2881:
2879:
2878:
2871:
2864:
2856:
2850:
2849:
2804:
2801:
2798:
2797:
2772:
2723:
2687:(4): 667–669.
2667:
2638:
2589:
2548:
2499:
2473:
2424:
2395:(2): 242–252.
2371:
2345:
2297:
2249:
2198:
2169:(4): 241–255.
2149:
2124:
2090:
2061:(9): 938–954.
2041:
2012:(2): 285–301.
1992:
1966:
1916:
1901:
1873:
1854:(9): 475–484.
1838:
1812:
1786:
1757:(5): 707–713.
1737:
1688:
1645:Virus Research
1628:
1553:
1527:
1498:
1472:
1412:
1358:
1306:
1246:
1205:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1196:
1195:
1169:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1162:
1161:
1149:
1142:
1140:
1128:
1121:
1119:
1107:
1100:
1098:
1086:
1079:
1077:
1065:
1058:
1056:
1044:
1037:
1035:
1023:
1016:
1014:
1002:
995:
993:
981:
974:
972:
960:
953:
951:
939:
932:
930:
918:
911:
907:
904:
859:
856:
819:
816:
804:
803:
802:
801:
800:
799:
785:
784:
783:
773:Ellioviricetes
760:
759:
758:
757:
756:
755:
754:
753:
752:
736:Goujianvirales
726:
723:Monjiviricetes
718:
717:
716:
715:
714:
713:
712:
690:Milneviricetes
686:
685:
684:
683:
682:
681:
680:
599:
598:Classification
596:
584:snatches a cap
567:
564:
539:
536:
530:, a type of a
528:viral envelope
494:Peribunyavirus
486:
483:
441:snatches a cap
412:
409:
366:
363:
361:
358:
312:
309:
221:viral envelope
205:negative-sense
197:−ssRNA viruses
188:
187:
186:
185:
179:
178:
172:
171:
163:
162:
158:
157:
150:
146:
145:
138:
134:
133:
126:
119:
118:
113:
109:
108:
95:
94:
48:
47:
39:
38:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6857:
6846:
6843:
6841:
6838:
6837:
6835:
6818:
6813:
6809:
6805:
6800:
6796:
6791:
6785:
6781:
6776:
6770:
6766:
6765:
6763:
6761:
6757:
6749:
6744:
6740:
6736:
6731:
6727:
6722:
6716:
6712:
6707:
6701:
6697:
6696:
6694:
6692:
6688:
6684:
6679:
6639:
6638:
6634:
6633:
6631:
6629:
6628:
6623:
6617:
6616:
6612:
6611:
6609:
6607:
6606:
6605:Blubervirales
6601:
6598:
6596:
6595:
6590:
6587:
6585:
6584:
6579:
6576:
6574:
6573:
6568:
6565:
6563:
6562:
6557:
6553:
6549:
6543:
6539:
6509:
6508:
6504:
6502:
6501:
6500:Pseudoviridae
6497:
6495:
6494:
6490:
6488:
6487:
6486:Belpaoviridae
6483:
6482:
6480:
6478:
6477:
6472:
6469:
6467:
6466:
6461:
6458:
6456:
6455:
6450:
6447:
6445:
6444:
6439:
6436:
6434:
6433:
6428:
6424:
6420:
6414:
6410:
6407:
6405:
6401:
6367:
6366:
6362:
6361:
6359:
6357:
6356:
6351:
6348:
6346:
6345:
6340:
6330:
6329:
6325:
6323:
6322:
6318:
6316:
6315:
6314:Rhabdoviridae
6311:
6309:
6308:
6307:Pneumoviridae
6304:
6302:
6301:
6297:
6295:
6294:
6290:
6288:
6287:
6286:Mymonaviridae
6283:
6281:
6280:
6276:
6274:
6273:
6269:
6267:
6266:
6262:
6260:
6259:
6255:
6254:
6252:
6250:
6249:
6244:
6238:
6237:
6236:Natareviridae
6233:
6231:
6230:
6226:
6224:
6223:
6219:
6217:
6216:
6212:
6210:
6209:
6205:
6204:
6202:
6200:
6199:
6194:
6191:
6189:
6188:
6183:
6173:
6172:
6168:
6167:
6165:
6163:
6162:
6157:
6154:
6152:
6151:
6146:
6136:
6135:
6131:
6129:
6128:
6127:Amnoonviridae
6124:
6123:
6121:
6119:
6118:
6113:
6110:
6108:
6107:
6102:
6092:
6091:
6090:Wupedeviridae
6087:
6085:
6084:
6080:
6078:
6077:
6076:Phenuiviridae
6073:
6071:
6070:
6069:Phasmaviridae
6066:
6064:
6063:
6059:
6057:
6056:
6052:
6050:
6049:
6045:
6043:
6042:
6038:
6036:
6035:
6031:
6029:
6028:
6024:
6022:
6021:
6017:
6015:
6014:
6010:
6009:
6007:
6005:
6004:
5999:
5996:
5994:
5993:
5988:
5978:
5977:
5973:
5972:
5970:
5968:
5967:
5962:
5959:
5957:
5956:
5951:
5948:
5946:
5945:
5940:
5937:
5935:
5934:
5933:Orthornavirae
5929:
5926:
5924:
5923:
5918:
5914:
5910:
5904:
5900:
5878:
5877:
5873:
5871:
5870:
5865:
5862:
5861:
5859:
5855:
5841:
5840:
5836:
5835:
5833:
5831:
5830:
5829:Stellavirales
5825:
5819:
5818:
5814:
5813:
5811:
5809:
5808:
5807:Patatavirales
5803:
5800:
5798:
5797:
5792:
5782:
5781:
5780:Solemoviridae
5777:
5775:
5774:
5770:
5768:
5767:
5763:
5762:
5760:
5758:
5757:
5756:Sobelivirales
5752:
5746:
5745:
5741:
5739:
5738:
5734:
5732:
5731:
5727:
5725:
5724:
5720:
5718:
5717:
5716:Caliciviridae
5713:
5711:
5710:
5706:
5704:
5703:
5699:
5697:
5696:
5692:
5691:
5689:
5687:
5686:
5681:
5675:
5674:
5673:Tobaniviridae
5670:
5668:
5667:
5663:
5661:
5660:
5656:
5654:
5653:
5649:
5647:
5646:
5642:
5640:
5639:
5638:Mononiviridae
5635:
5633:
5632:
5631:Mesoniviridae
5628:
5626:
5625:
5621:
5619:
5618:
5617:Gresnaviridae
5614:
5612:
5611:
5610:Euroniviridae
5607:
5605:
5604:
5603:Coronaviridae
5600:
5598:
5597:
5593:
5591:
5590:
5589:Arteriviridae
5586:
5584:
5583:
5582:Abyssoviridae
5579:
5578:
5576:
5574:
5573:
5568:
5565:
5563:
5562:
5557:
5554:
5552:
5551:
5546:
5532:
5531:
5527:
5526:
5524:
5522:
5521:
5516:
5513:
5511:
5510:
5505:
5495:
5494:
5490:
5489:
5487:
5485:
5484:
5483:Cryppavirales
5479:
5476:
5474:
5473:
5468:
5458:
5457:
5453:
5452:
5450:
5448:
5447:
5442:
5439:
5437:
5436:
5431:
5421:
5420:
5419:Steitzviridae
5416:
5414:
5413:
5409:
5408:
5406:
5404:
5403:
5398:
5392:
5391:
5390:Solspiviridae
5387:
5385:
5384:
5380:
5378:
5377:
5373:
5371:
5370:
5369:Atkinsviridae
5366:
5365:
5363:
5361:
5360:
5355:
5352:
5350:
5349:
5348:Leviviricetes
5344:
5341:
5339:
5338:
5337:Lenarviricota
5333:
5319:
5318:
5317:Tombusviridae
5314:
5312:
5311:
5307:
5305:
5304:
5300:
5299:
5297:
5295:
5294:
5289:
5286:
5284:
5283:
5278:
5268:
5267:
5263:
5261:
5260:
5256:
5255:
5253:
5251:
5250:
5249:Nodamuvirales
5245:
5242:
5240:
5239:
5234:
5224:
5223:
5219:
5218:
5216:
5214:
5213:
5208:
5205:
5203:
5202:
5197:
5187:
5186:
5182:
5180:
5179:
5175:
5173:
5172:
5168:
5166:
5165:
5161:
5159:
5158:
5154:
5153:
5151:
5149:
5148:
5143:
5137:
5136:
5132:
5130:
5129:
5125:
5123:
5122:
5118:
5116:
5115:
5111:
5109:
5108:
5104:
5102:
5101:
5097:
5095:
5094:
5090:
5089:
5087:
5085:
5084:
5079:
5073:
5072:
5071:Matonaviridae
5068:
5066:
5065:
5061:
5059:
5058:
5054:
5052:
5051:
5047:
5046:
5044:
5042:
5041:
5040:Hepelivirales
5036:
5033:
5031:
5030:
5029:Alsuviricetes
5025:
5022:
5020:
5019:
5014:
5011:
5009:
5008:
5007:Orthornavirae
5003:
5000:
4998:
4997:
4992:
4988:
4984:
4978:
4974:
4952:
4951:
4946:
4943:
4941:
4940:
4936:
4934:
4933:
4928:
4925:
4924:
4922:
4918:
4904:
4903:
4899:
4897:
4896:
4892:
4890:
4889:
4885:
4883:
4882:
4878:
4876:
4875:
4874:Amalgaviridae
4871:
4870:
4868:
4866:
4865:
4860:
4857:
4855:
4854:
4849:
4846:
4844:
4843:
4838:
4824:
4823:
4819:
4818:
4816:
4814:
4813:
4808:
4805:
4803:
4802:
4797:
4787:
4786:
4782:
4781:
4779:
4777:
4776:
4771:
4768:
4766:
4765:
4760:
4750:
4749:
4745:
4743:
4742:
4741:Quadriviridae
4738:
4736:
4735:
4731:
4729:
4728:
4727:Chrysoviridae
4724:
4723:
4721:
4719:
4718:
4717:Ghabrivirales
4713:
4710:
4708:
4707:
4702:
4699:
4697:
4696:
4691:
4688:
4686:
4685:
4684:Orthornavirae
4680:
4677:
4675:
4674:
4669:
4665:
4661:
4660:dsRNA viruses
4655:
4651:
4648:
4646:
4642:
4624:
4623:
4619:
4617:
4616:
4612:
4610:
4609:
4608:Anelloviridae
4604:
4601:
4600:
4598:
4594:
4572:
4571:
4567:
4566:
4564:
4562:
4561:
4560:Haloruvirales
4556:
4553:
4551:
4550:
4545:
4542:
4540:
4539:
4534:
4531:
4529:
4528:
4523:
4505:
4504:
4503:Genomoviridae
4500:
4498:
4497:
4496:Geminiviridae
4493:
4492:
4490:
4488:
4487:
4482:
4479:
4477:
4476:
4471:
4461:
4460:
4456:
4455:
4453:
4451:
4450:
4445:
4439:
4438:
4434:
4432:
4431:
4430:Metaxyviridae
4427:
4426:
4424:
4422:
4421:
4416:
4410:
4409:
4405:
4404:
4402:
4400:
4399:
4394:
4388:
4387:
4383:
4382:
4380:
4378:
4377:
4372:
4366:
4365:
4361:
4360:
4358:
4356:
4355:
4350:
4347:
4345:
4344:
4343:Arfiviricetes
4339:
4336:
4334:
4333:
4328:
4314:
4313:
4309:
4308:
4306:
4304:
4303:
4298:
4295:
4293:
4292:
4287:
4277:
4276:
4272:
4271:
4269:
4267:
4266:
4261:
4258:
4256:
4255:
4250:
4247:
4245:
4244:
4243:Cossaviricota
4239:
4236:
4234:
4233:
4228:
4210:
4209:
4205:
4204:
4202:
4200:
4199:
4194:
4191:
4189:
4188:
4183:
4180:
4178:
4177:
4172:
4169:
4167:
4166:
4161:
4143:
4142:
4138:
4136:
4135:
4131:
4129:
4128:
4124:
4123:
4121:
4119:
4118:
4117:Tubulavirales
4113:
4110:
4108:
4107:
4102:
4099:
4097:
4096:
4091:
4088:
4086:
4085:
4080:
4077:
4075:
4074:
4069:
4065:
4061:
4060:ssDNA viruses
4055:
4051:
4033:
4032:
4031:Rhizidiovirus
4028:
4026:
4025:
4020:
4017:
4015:
4014:
4013:Thaspiviridae
4010:
4008:
4007:
4003:
4001:
4000:
3996:
3994:
3993:
3992:Plasmaviridae
3989:
3987:
3986:
3982:
3980:
3979:
3978:Halspiviridae
3975:
3973:
3972:
3968:
3966:
3965:
3961:
3959:
3958:
3954:
3952:
3951:
3947:
3945:
3944:
3940:
3938:
3937:
3932:
3929:
3928:
3926:
3922:
3912:
3911:
3907:
3906:
3904:
3900:
3894:
3893:
3889:
3887:
3886:
3882:
3880:
3879:
3878:Baculoviridae
3875:
3874:
3872:
3870:
3869:
3864:
3861:
3859:
3858:
3853:
3850:
3846:
3824:
3823:
3819:
3817:
3816:
3815:Simuloviridae
3812:
3810:
3809:
3805:
3804:
3802:
3800:
3799:
3794:
3791:
3789:
3788:
3783:
3780:
3778:
3777:
3772:
3769:
3767:
3766:
3765:Helvetiavirae
3761:
3743:
3742:
3738:
3737:
3735:
3733:
3732:
3727:
3721:
3720:
3716:
3715:
3713:
3711:
3710:
3705:
3699:
3698:
3694:
3693:
3691:
3689:
3688:
3687:Kalamavirales
3683:
3677:
3676:
3672:
3671:
3669:
3667:
3666:
3665:Belfryvirales
3661:
3658:
3656:
3655:
3650:
3640:
3639:
3638:Adintoviridae
3635:
3634:
3632:
3630:
3629:
3624:
3621:
3619:
3618:
3613:
3603:
3602:
3601:Lavidaviridae
3598:
3597:
3595:
3593:
3592:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3581:
3576:
3573:
3571:
3570:
3565:
3551:
3550:
3546:
3544:
3543:
3539:
3537:
3536:
3532:
3531:
3529:
3527:
3526:
3521:
3515:
3514:
3510:
3509:
3507:
3505:
3504:
3503:Imitervirales
3499:
3493:
3492:
3488:
3487:
3485:
3483:
3482:
3477:
3474:
3472:
3471:
3470:Megaviricetes
3466:
3456:
3455:
3451:
3450:
3448:
3446:
3445:
3440:
3434:
3433:
3429:
3428:
3426:
3424:
3423:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3412:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3401:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3390:
3385:
3382:
3380:
3379:
3374:
3352:
3351:
3347:
3346:
3344:
3342:
3341:
3336:
3330:
3329:
3325:
3324:
3322:
3320:
3319:
3318:Sepolyvirales
3314:
3311:
3309:
3308:
3303:
3300:
3298:
3297:
3296:Cossaviricota
3292:
3289:
3287:
3286:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3275:
3270:
3248:
3247:
3246:Zobellviridae
3243:
3241:
3240:
3236:
3234:
3233:
3232:Schitoviridae
3229:
3227:
3226:
3222:
3220:
3219:
3215:
3213:
3212:
3208:
3206:
3205:
3201:
3199:
3198:
3194:
3192:
3191:
3190:Guelinviridae
3187:
3185:
3184:
3180:
3178:
3177:
3173:
3171:
3170:
3166:
3164:
3163:
3159:
3157:
3156:
3152:
3151:
3149:
3147:
3146:
3141:
3138:
3136:
3135:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3124:
3119:
3105:
3104:
3100:
3098:
3097:
3096:Herpesviridae
3093:
3091:
3090:
3086:
3085:
3083:
3081:
3080:
3079:Herpesvirales
3075:
3072:
3070:
3069:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3058:
3057:Peploviricota
3053:
3050:
3048:
3047:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3036:
3035:Duplodnaviria
3031:
3009:
3008:
3004:
3003:
3001:
2999:
2998:
2993:
2987:
2986:
2982:
2980:
2979:
2975:
2974:
2972:
2970:
2969:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2958:
2957:Tokiviricetes
2953:
2950:
2948:
2947:
2946:Taleaviricota
2942:
2939:
2937:
2936:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2925:
2920:
2916:
2912:
2911:dsDNA viruses
2906:
2902:
2899:
2897:
2893:
2888:
2884:
2877:
2872:
2870:
2865:
2863:
2858:
2857:
2854:
2846:
2842:
2837:
2832:
2828:
2824:
2821:(6): 419–53.
2820:
2816:
2812:
2807:
2806:
2802:
2786:
2782:
2776:
2773:
2768:
2764:
2759:
2754:
2750:
2746:
2742:
2738:
2734:
2727:
2724:
2712:
2708:
2703:
2698:
2694:
2690:
2686:
2682:
2678:
2671:
2668:
2655:
2648:
2642:
2639:
2634:
2630:
2625:
2620:
2616:
2612:
2608:
2604:
2600:
2593:
2590:
2578:
2574:
2570:
2566:
2559:
2552:
2549:
2544:
2540:
2535:
2530:
2526:
2522:
2518:
2514:
2513:Antiviral Res
2510:
2503:
2500:
2487:
2483:
2477:
2474:
2469:
2465:
2460:
2455:
2451:
2447:
2443:
2439:
2435:
2428:
2425:
2420:
2416:
2411:
2406:
2402:
2398:
2394:
2390:
2386:
2382:
2375:
2372:
2359:
2355:
2349:
2346:
2334:
2330:
2325:
2320:
2316:
2312:
2308:
2301:
2298:
2286:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2268:
2264:
2260:
2253:
2250:
2245:
2241:
2236:
2231:
2226:
2221:
2217:
2213:
2209:
2202:
2199:
2194:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2176:
2172:
2168:
2164:
2160:
2153:
2150:
2145:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2127:
2121:
2117:
2113:
2109:
2105:
2101:
2094:
2091:
2086:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2068:
2064:
2060:
2056:
2052:
2045:
2042:
2037:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2019:
2015:
2011:
2007:
2003:
1996:
1993:
1980:
1976:
1970:
1967:
1962:
1958:
1953:
1948:
1944:
1940:
1936:
1932:
1928:
1920:
1917:
1912:
1908:
1904:
1902:9780128112571
1898:
1894:
1890:
1886:
1885:
1877:
1874:
1869:
1865:
1861:
1857:
1853:
1849:
1842:
1839:
1826:
1822:
1816:
1813:
1800:
1796:
1790:
1787:
1782:
1778:
1774:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1756:
1752:
1748:
1741:
1738:
1733:
1729:
1724:
1719:
1715:
1711:
1707:
1703:
1699:
1692:
1689:
1684:
1680:
1675:
1670:
1666:
1662:
1658:
1654:
1650:
1646:
1642:
1635:
1633:
1629:
1617:
1613:
1609:
1605:
1600:
1595:
1591:
1587:
1583:
1579:
1575:
1571:
1567:
1560:
1558:
1554:
1541:
1537:
1531:
1528:
1515:
1511:
1505:
1503:
1499:
1486:
1482:
1476:
1473:
1468:
1464:
1459:
1454:
1449:
1444:
1441:(4): e05378.
1440:
1436:
1432:
1425:
1423:
1421:
1419:
1417:
1413:
1408:
1404:
1399:
1394:
1389:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1372:
1365:
1363:
1359:
1354:
1350:
1345:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1328:
1324:
1320:
1313:
1311:
1307:
1302:
1298:
1293:
1288:
1283:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1266:
1259:
1257:
1255:
1253:
1251:
1247:
1235:
1228:
1221:
1219:
1217:
1215:
1213:
1211:
1207:
1200:
1192:
1191:Orthornavirae
1188:
1184:
1180:
1174:
1171:
1164:
1158:
1157:
1156:Rhabdoviridae
1152:
1146:
1141:
1137:
1136:
1135:Rhabdoviridae
1131:
1125:
1120:
1116:
1115:
1110:
1109:Parainfluenza
1104:
1099:
1095:
1094:
1089:
1083:
1078:
1074:
1073:
1068:
1062:
1057:
1053:
1052:
1047:
1041:
1036:
1032:
1031:
1026:
1020:
1015:
1011:
1010:
1005:
999:
994:
990:
989:
984:
983:Marburg virus
978:
973:
969:
968:
963:
957:
952:
948:
947:
942:
936:
931:
927:
926:
921:
915:
910:
905:
903:
901:
897:
892:
887:
885:
881:
877:
876:cell cultures
873:
869:
865:
857:
855:
853:
849:
845:
841:
837:
833:
829:
825:
817:
815:
813:
809:
798:
797:
792:
791:
790:
786:
782:
781:
776:
775:
774:
770:
769:
767:
766:
761:
751:
750:
745:
744:
743:
739:
738:
737:
733:
732:
731:
727:
725:
724:
719:
711:
710:
705:
704:
703:
699:
698:
697:
693:
692:
691:
687:
679:
678:
673:
672:
671:
667:
666:
665:
661:
660:
659:
655:
654:
652:
651:
646:
645:
641:
636:
632:
630:
626:
625:
620:
616:
615:Orthornavirae
612:
608:
607:Orthornavirae
604:
597:
595:
591:
587:
585:
581:
572:
566:Phylogenetics
565:
563:
561:
557:
553:
552:
547:
546:
537:
535:
533:
529:
525:
524:
519:
515:
511:
503:
499:
495:
491:
484:
482:
480:
476:
471:
469:
465:
461:
457:
452:
450:
446:
442:
438:
434:
428:
421:
417:
410:
408:
406:
402:
401:
396:
395:
389:
381:
380:
375:
371:
364:
359:
357:
356:
352:
348:
344:
343:Ancient Greek
340:
336:
332:
328:
324:
321:
317:
310:
308:
306:
302:
298:
294:
290:
286:
282:
277:
272:
270:
269:snatches caps
266:
265:
260:
259:
254:
250:
246:
245:
240:
239:
238:Orthornavirae
234:
233:
229:
224:
222:
218:
214:
213:messenger RNA
210:
206:
202:
198:
194:
183:
182:
180:
177:
173:
170:
169:
164:
159:
156:
155:
151:
148:
147:
144:
143:
142:Orthornavirae
139:
136:
135:
132:
131:
127:
124:
121:
120:
117:
114:
111:
110:
105:
100:
96:
92:
91:
86:
82:
81:
76:
75:
70:
69:
64:
63:
58:
54:
51:A montage of
49:
45:
40:
37:
33:
30:
19:
6759:
6690:
6635:
6627:Ortervirales
6625:
6613:
6603:
6592:
6581:
6572:Pararnavirae
6570:
6559:
6507:Retroviridae
6505:
6498:
6491:
6484:
6476:Ortervirales
6474:
6463:
6452:
6443:Pararnavirae
6441:
6430:
6363:
6353:
6342:
6328:Xinmoviridae
6326:
6319:
6312:
6305:
6298:
6293:Nyamiviridae
6291:
6284:
6279:Lispiviridae
6277:
6270:
6265:Bornaviridae
6263:
6256:
6246:
6234:
6229:Myriaviridae
6227:
6220:
6213:
6208:Aliusviridae
6206:
6196:
6185:
6169:
6159:
6148:
6132:
6125:
6115:
6104:
6088:
6083:Tospoviridae
6081:
6074:
6067:
6060:
6055:Nairoviridae
6053:
6046:
6039:
6034:Hantaviridae
6032:
6025:
6020:Arenaviridae
6018:
6013:Cruliviridae
6011:
6003:Bunyavirales
6001:
5990:
5974:
5964:
5953:
5942:
5931:
5920:
5874:
5867:
5863:
5839:Astroviridae
5837:
5827:
5815:
5805:
5794:
5778:
5773:Barnaviridae
5771:
5764:
5754:
5742:
5735:
5728:
5721:
5714:
5707:
5702:Marnaviridae
5700:
5693:
5683:
5671:
5664:
5659:Olifoviridae
5657:
5650:
5643:
5636:
5629:
5622:
5615:
5608:
5601:
5594:
5587:
5580:
5570:
5559:
5550:Pisuviricota
5548:
5528:
5520:Ourlivirales
5518:
5509:Miaviricetes
5507:
5491:
5481:
5470:
5456:Narnaviridae
5454:
5444:
5433:
5417:
5412:Blumeviridae
5410:
5402:Timlovirales
5400:
5388:
5383:Fiersviridae
5381:
5374:
5367:
5359:Norzivirales
5357:
5346:
5335:
5315:
5310:Luteoviridae
5308:
5301:
5291:
5280:
5264:
5257:
5247:
5236:
5222:Flaviviridae
5220:
5210:
5199:
5183:
5176:
5169:
5162:
5155:
5145:
5135:Virgaviridae
5133:
5126:
5119:
5112:
5105:
5098:
5093:Bromoviridae
5091:
5081:
5069:
5062:
5055:
5048:
5038:
5027:
5016:
5005:
4994:
4948:
4944:
4937:
4932:Birnaviridae
4930:
4926:
4900:
4893:
4886:
4879:
4872:
4864:Durnavirales
4862:
4851:
4842:Pisuviricota
4840:
4822:Cystoviridae
4820:
4812:Mindivirales
4810:
4799:
4783:
4773:
4762:
4746:
4739:
4732:
4725:
4715:
4704:
4693:
4682:
4671:
4622:Spiraviridae
4620:
4613:
4606:
4602:
4568:
4558:
4547:
4538:Saleviricota
4536:
4525:
4501:
4494:
4484:
4473:
4457:
4449:Recrevirales
4447:
4435:
4428:
4420:Mulpavirales
4418:
4408:Smacoviridae
4406:
4398:Cremevirales
4396:
4386:Circoviridae
4384:
4376:Cirlivirales
4374:
4362:
4354:Baphyvirales
4352:
4341:
4330:
4312:Parvoviridae
4310:
4302:Piccovirales
4300:
4289:
4275:Bidnaviridae
4273:
4263:
4254:Mouviricetes
4252:
4241:
4232:Shotokuvirae
4230:
4208:Microviridae
4206:
4198:Petitvirales
4196:
4185:
4176:Phixviricota
4174:
4163:
4139:
4132:
4125:
4115:
4104:
4093:
4082:
4073:Monodnaviria
4071:
4029:
4024:Dinodnavirus
4022:
4018:
4011:
4004:
3997:
3990:
3985:Ovaliviridae
3983:
3976:
3971:Guttaviridae
3969:
3962:
3955:
3950:Clavaviridae
3948:
3941:
3934:
3930:
3908:
3890:
3883:
3876:
3866:
3855:
3820:
3813:
3806:
3796:
3785:
3774:
3763:
3739:
3729:
3719:Adenoviridae
3717:
3707:
3697:Tectiviridae
3695:
3685:
3675:Turriviridae
3673:
3663:
3652:
3636:
3626:
3615:
3599:
3589:
3578:
3567:
3547:
3542:Iridoviridae
3540:
3533:
3523:
3511:
3501:
3489:
3479:
3468:
3452:
3444:Chitovirales
3442:
3432:Asfarviridae
3430:
3420:
3409:
3398:
3389:Bamfordvirae
3387:
3378:Varidnaviria
3376:
3348:
3338:
3326:
3316:
3305:
3294:
3285:Shotokuvirae
3283:
3274:Monodnaviria
3272:
3244:
3239:Siphoviridae
3237:
3230:
3223:
3216:
3209:
3202:
3195:
3188:
3181:
3174:
3169:Chaseviridae
3167:
3160:
3153:
3145:Caudovirales
3143:
3132:
3121:
3101:
3094:
3087:
3077:
3066:
3055:
3044:
3033:
3005:
2997:Primavirales
2995:
2983:
2976:
2966:
2955:
2944:
2933:
2922:
2818:
2814:
2788:. Retrieved
2784:
2775:
2740:
2736:
2726:
2714:. Retrieved
2684:
2680:
2670:
2658:. Retrieved
2653:
2641:
2606:
2602:
2592:
2580:. Retrieved
2571:(3): 57–65.
2568:
2564:
2551:
2516:
2512:
2502:
2490:. Retrieved
2485:
2476:
2444:(1): 32–43.
2441:
2437:
2427:
2392:
2388:
2374:
2362:. Retrieved
2357:
2348:
2336:. Retrieved
2314:
2310:
2300:
2288:. Retrieved
2266:
2262:
2252:
2215:
2211:
2201:
2166:
2162:
2152:
2107:
2103:
2093:
2058:
2054:
2044:
2009:
2006:Clin Lab Med
2005:
1995:
1983:. Retrieved
1978:
1969:
1934:
1930:
1919:
1883:
1876:
1851:
1847:
1841:
1829:. Retrieved
1824:
1815:
1803:. Retrieved
1798:
1789:
1754:
1750:
1740:
1708:(1): 36–44.
1705:
1701:
1691:
1648:
1644:
1619:. Retrieved
1573:
1569:
1544:. Retrieved
1539:
1530:
1518:. Retrieved
1513:
1489:. Retrieved
1484:
1475:
1438:
1434:
1378:
1374:
1326:
1322:
1272:
1268:
1237:. Retrieved
1233:
1190:
1186:
1173:
1154:
1133:
1112:
1091:
1070:
1049:
1028:
1007:
986:
967:Hantaviridae
965:
946:Arenaviridae
944:
925:Arenaviridae
923:
899:
895:
888:
861:
844:hantaviruses
836:rabies virus
821:
811:
805:
794:
788:
780:Bunyavirales
778:
772:
763:
747:
741:
735:
729:
721:
707:
701:
695:
689:
675:
669:
663:
657:
648:
639:
628:
624:Pararnavirae
622:
614:
610:
606:
602:
601:
592:
588:
577:
559:
555:
549:
543:
541:
521:
507:
479:hairpin loop
472:
453:
436:
432:
429:
425:
398:
392:
387:
385:
377:
354:
350:
346:
338:
334:
330:
326:
322:
315:
314:
305:rabies virus
293:hantaviruses
273:
262:
256:
242:
236:
231:
230:
225:
196:
192:
191:
166:
153:
152:
141:
129:
122:
112:(unranked):
88:
78:
72:
66:
60:
56:
35:
29:
6784:Wikispecies
6715:Wikispecies
6493:Metaviridae
6272:Filoviridae
6258:Artoviridae
6171:Aspiviridae
6048:Mypoviridae
6027:Fimoviridae
5817:Potyviridae
5730:Secoviridae
5723:Iflaviridae
5666:Roniviridae
5572:Nidovirales
5493:Mitoviridae
5376:Duinviridae
5293:Tolivirales
5259:Nodaviridae
5185:Tymoviridae
5147:Tymovirales
5128:Togaviridae
5121:Mayoviridae
5114:Kitaviridae
5064:Hepeviridae
5057:Benyviridae
4888:Hypoviridae
4748:Totiviridae
4437:Nanoviridae
4265:Polivirales
4165:Sangervirae
3910:Nimaviridae
3892:Nudiviridae
3868:Lefavirales
3731:Vinavirales
3709:Rowavirales
3535:Ascoviridae
3513:Mimiviridae
3481:Algavirales
3422:Asfuvirales
3211:Podoviridae
3123:Uroviricota
2985:Rudiviridae
2935:Zilligvirae
2599:"Influenza"
2519:: 221–232.
2317:: 113–119.
2110:: 141–169.
1375:PLOS Pathog
1067:Mumps virus
1009:Filoviridae
1004:Ebola virus
988:Filoviridae
920:Lassa virus
852:mumps virus
832:Ebola virus
762:Subphylum:
647:Subphylum:
523:Aspiviridae
289:Ebola virus
85:rhabdovirus
6834:Categories
6365:Yueviridae
6321:Sunviridae
6215:Chuviridae
5976:Qinviridae
5857:Unassigned
4920:Unassigned
4785:Reoviridae
4775:Reovirales
4596:Unassigned
4527:Trapavirae
4127:Inoviridae
3924:Unassigned
3902:Unassigned
3848:Unassigned
3454:Poxviridae
3204:Myoviridae
2269:: e6–e16.
1651:: 87–102.
1275:(8): 835.
1201:References
962:Hantavirus
880:rinderpest
749:Yuyuevirus
742:Yueviridae
709:Ophiovirus
702:Aspviridae
670:Qinviridae
580:reoviruses
518:C-terminal
514:N-terminal
485:Morphology
464:stuttering
445:translated
400:Chuviridae
394:Tenuivirus
303:, and the
276:arthropods
253:reoviruses
241:and realm
203:that have
6845:Riboviria
6775:Q59336573
6706:Q57737752
6561:Riboviria
6432:Riboviria
5966:Muvirales
5922:Riboviria
4996:Riboviria
4673:Riboviria
4084:Loebvirae
2924:Adnaviria
2883:Baltimore
2438:Virol Sin
2381:Duprex WP
1825:ViralZone
1799:ViralZone
1773:0890-9369
1665:0168-1702
1540:ViralZone
1514:ViralZone
1485:ViralZone
1025:Influenza
900:Riboviria
868:influenza
677:Yingvirus
664:Muvirales
611:Riboviria
538:Evolution
475:ambisense
449:ribosomes
311:Etymology
244:Riboviria
137:Kingdom:
130:Riboviria
6804:10753629
6769:Wikidata
6735:10753629
6700:Wikidata
5864:Families
4927:Families
4603:Families
3931:Families
2790:6 August
2767:24821919
2716:6 August
2711:25780183
2660:6 August
2633:29955068
2609:(1): 3.
2582:6 August
2577:25694096
2543:28365457
2492:6 August
2468:28120221
2419:25229387
2389:J Pathol
2364:6 August
2338:6 August
2333:31401200
2290:6 August
2285:24750436
2244:23202452
2193:29479072
2144:28653186
2085:22017770
2036:28457351
1985:6 August
1961:27048802
1911:89706800
1868:23953596
1831:6 August
1805:6 August
1732:11119571
1683:28104450
1621:6 August
1616:67769904
1608:30787460
1599:11165669
1546:6 August
1520:6 August
1491:6 August
1467:25633976
1407:31830128
1353:30482837
1301:32751700
1239:6 August
1183:virusoid
884:smallpox
834:and the
826:and the
740:Family:
700:Family:
668:Family:
460:adenines
331:viricota
283:and the
176:Synonyms
168:See text
161:Subtaxa
149:Phylum:
6817:2497569
6748:2497569
2845:8140287
2836:7135741
2758:4024226
2702:4371325
2624:7097467
2534:5620125
2486:cdc.gov
2459:6598904
2410:4268314
2358:cdc.gov
2235:3497040
2212:Viruses
2184:6899062
2135:7122202
2076:6640423
2027:5458783
1952:4959514
1781:2026325
1674:5476513
1578:Bibcode
1458:4384744
1398:6932829
1344:6282212
1292:7472042
1269:Viruses
1046:Measles
906:Gallery
858:History
818:Disease
793:Order:
787:Class:
777:Order:
771:Class:
746:Genus:
734:Order:
728:Class:
720:Class:
706:Genus:
694:Order:
688:Class:
674:Genus:
662:Order:
656:Class:
504:(right)
468:uracils
382:genomes
353:Polyplo
341:, from
201:viruses
4945:Genera
4019:Genera
2843:
2833:
2765:
2755:
2709:
2699:
2631:
2621:
2575:
2541:
2531:
2466:
2456:
2417:
2407:
2331:
2283:
2242:
2232:
2191:
2181:
2142:
2132:
2122:
2083:
2073:
2034:
2024:
1959:
1949:
1909:
1899:
1866:
1779:
1771:
1730:
1723:113895
1720:
1681:
1671:
1663:
1614:
1606:
1596:
1570:Nature
1465:
1455:
1405:
1395:
1351:
1341:
1299:
1289:
1230:(docx)
1130:Rabies
365:Genome
299:, the
228:phylum
6546:VII:
4658:III:
2650:(PDF)
2561:(PDF)
1907:S2CID
1612:S2CID
1435:eLife
1165:Notes
864:Ebola
532:lipid
339:Haplo
320:Latin
123:Realm
116:Virus
6812:NCBI
6799:GBIF
6743:NCBI
6730:GBIF
6417:VI:
4981:IV:
4058:II:
2841:PMID
2792:2020
2763:PMID
2718:2020
2707:PMID
2662:2020
2629:PMID
2584:2020
2573:PMID
2539:PMID
2494:2020
2464:PMID
2415:PMID
2366:2020
2340:2020
2329:PMID
2292:2020
2281:PMID
2240:PMID
2189:PMID
2140:PMID
2120:ISBN
2081:PMID
2032:PMID
1987:2020
1957:PMID
1931:mBio
1897:ISBN
1864:PMID
1833:2020
1807:2020
1777:PMID
1769:ISSN
1728:PMID
1679:PMID
1661:ISSN
1623:2020
1604:PMID
1548:2020
1522:2020
1493:2020
1463:PMID
1403:PMID
1349:PMID
1323:mBio
1297:PMID
1241:2020
1177:The
866:and
842:and
323:nega
5907:V:
4645:RNA
2909:I:
2896:DNA
2831:PMC
2823:doi
2819:144
2753:PMC
2745:doi
2741:369
2697:PMC
2689:doi
2681:RNA
2619:PMC
2611:doi
2529:PMC
2521:doi
2517:146
2454:PMC
2446:doi
2405:PMC
2397:doi
2393:235
2319:doi
2271:doi
2267:21S
2230:PMC
2220:doi
2179:PMC
2171:doi
2130:PMC
2112:doi
2108:411
2071:PMC
2063:doi
2022:PMC
2014:doi
1947:PMC
1939:doi
1889:doi
1856:doi
1759:doi
1718:PMC
1710:doi
1669:PMC
1653:doi
1649:234
1594:PMC
1586:doi
1574:566
1453:PMC
1443:doi
1393:PMC
1383:doi
1339:PMC
1331:doi
1287:PMC
1277:doi
500:of
327:rna
6836::
6814::
6801::
6786::
6771::
6745::
6732::
6717::
6702::
6404:RT
5866::
4947::
4929::
4605::
4021::
3933::
2839:.
2829:.
2817:.
2813:.
2783:.
2761:.
2751:.
2739:.
2735:.
2705:.
2695:.
2685:21
2683:.
2679:.
2652:.
2627:.
2617:.
2605:.
2601:.
2569:54
2567:.
2563:.
2537:.
2527:.
2515:.
2511:.
2484:.
2462:.
2452:.
2442:32
2440:.
2436:.
2413:.
2403:.
2391:.
2387:.
2356:.
2327:.
2315:88
2313:.
2309:.
2279:.
2265:.
2261:.
2238:.
2228:.
2214:.
2210:.
2187:.
2177:.
2167:16
2165:.
2161:.
2138:.
2128:.
2118:.
2102:.
2079:.
2069:.
2059:12
2057:.
2053:.
2030:.
2020:.
2010:37
2008:.
2004:.
1977:.
1955:.
1945:.
1933:.
1929:.
1905:.
1895:.
1862:.
1852:21
1850:.
1823:.
1797:.
1775:.
1767:.
1753:.
1749:.
1726:.
1716:.
1706:75
1704:.
1700:.
1677:.
1667:.
1659:.
1647:.
1643:.
1631:^
1610:.
1602:.
1592:.
1584:.
1572:.
1568:.
1556:^
1538:.
1512:.
1501:^
1483:.
1461:.
1451:.
1437:.
1433:.
1415:^
1401:.
1391:.
1379:15
1377:.
1373:.
1361:^
1347:.
1337:.
1325:.
1321:.
1309:^
1295:.
1285:.
1273:12
1271:.
1267:.
1249:^
1232:.
1209:^
902:.
854:.
627:.
562:.
451:.
439:,
307:.
295:,
291:,
125::
93:.
87:,
77:,
71:,
65:,
2889:)
2885:(
2875:e
2868:t
2861:v
2847:.
2825::
2794:.
2769:.
2747::
2720:.
2691::
2664:.
2635:.
2613::
2607:4
2586:.
2545:.
2523::
2496:.
2470:.
2448::
2421:.
2399::
2368:.
2342:.
2321::
2294:.
2273::
2246:.
2222::
2216:4
2195:.
2173::
2146:.
2114::
2087:.
2065::
2038:.
2016::
1989:.
1963:.
1941::
1935:7
1913:.
1891::
1870:.
1858::
1835:.
1809:.
1783:.
1761::
1755:5
1734:.
1712::
1685:.
1655::
1625:.
1588::
1580::
1550:.
1524:.
1495:.
1469:.
1445::
1439:4
1409:.
1385::
1355:.
1333::
1327:9
1303:.
1279::
1243:.
1193:.
1159:)
1153:(
1138:)
1132:(
1117:)
1111:(
1096:)
1090:(
1075:)
1069:(
1054:)
1048:(
1033:)
1027:(
1012:)
1006:(
991:)
985:(
970:)
964:(
949:)
943:(
928:)
922:(
195:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
