96:
77:
805:(subscription required) Quote: "Kashmir, region of the northwestern Indian subcontinent ... has been the subject of dispute between India and Pakistan since the partition of the Indian subcontinent in 1947. The northern and western portions are administered by Pakistan and comprise three areas: Azad Kashmir, Gilgit, and Baltistan, the last two being part of a territory called the Northern Areas. Administered by India are the southern and southeastern portions, which constitute the state of Jammu and Kashmir but are slated to be split into two union territories.";
381:
957:
Kashmir Valley, Jammu, and Ladakh.) and AJK ('Azad" (Free) Jammu and
Kashmir. The more populous part of Pakistani-controlled J&K, with a population of approximately 2.5 million.), it includes the sparsely populated "Northern Areas" of Gilgit and Baltistan, remote mountainous regions which are directly administered, unlike AJK, by the Pakistani central authorities, and some high-altitude uninhabitable tracts under Chinese control."
473:
1615:
824:(subscription required) Quote: "Aksai Chin, Chinese (Pinyin) Aksayqin, portion of the Kashmir region, at the northernmost extent of the Indian subcontinent in south-central Asia. It constitutes nearly all the territory of the Chinese-administered sector of Kashmir that is claimed by India to be part of the Ladakh area of Jammu and Kashmir state.";
845:
C. E Bosworth, University of
Manchester Quote: "KASHMIR, kash'mer, the northernmost region of the Indian subcontinent, administered partlv by India, partly by Pakistan, and partly by China. The region has been the subject of a bitter dispute between India and Pakistan since they became independent in
909:
The situation between the two nations was complicated by the 1957–1959 uprising by
Tibetans against Chinese rule. Refugees poured across the Indian border, and the Indian public was outraged. Any compromise with China on the border issue became impossible. Similarly, China was offended that India
496:. The Neelum District is the largest district of Azad Kashmir by area. The valley extends for approximately 200 kilometers along the Neelum River. This is a generally poor region, reliant on subsistence agriculture and handicrafts, with tourism growing in importance in recent years. According to the
932:
Territorial
Dispute: The situation along the Sino-Indian frontier continued to worsen. In late July (1959), an Indian reconnaissance patrol was blocked, "apprehended," and eventually expelled after three weeks in custody at the hands of a larger Chinese force near Khurnak Fort in Aksai Chin. ...
666:
dialect is spoken in two villages (Dhaki and
Changnar) that are situated on the Line of Control. Because of cross-border firing since the early 1990s, there has been large-scale migration away from these villages. The local dialect is not completely intelligible with the ones spoken in the rest of
956:
Quote: "J&K: Jammu and
Kashmir. The former princely state that is the subject of the Kashmir dispute. Besides IJK (Indian-controlled Jammu and Kashmir. The larger and more populous part of the former princely state. It has a population of slightly over 10 million, and comprises three regions:
95:
503:, The Neelum District is ranked 33 out of 148 districts in terms of education and its facilities . For facilities and infrastructure, the district is ranked 136 out of 149. The Neelum Valley has opportunities for everyone, including hiking, fishing, white-water rafting, and kayaking.
786:
in the coverage. Although "controlled" and "held" are also applied neutrally to the names of the disputants or to the regions administered by them, as evidenced in sources (h) through (i) below, "held" is also considered politicized usage, as is the term "occupied," (see (j) below).
888:
Quote: "We move from a disputed international border to a dotted line on the map that represents a military border not recognized in international law. The line of control separates the Indian and
Pakistani administered areas of the former Princely State of Jammu and Kashmir.";
586:, the language varieties on either side of the Line of Control have diverged in a number of ways. For example, in the Neelam Valley, there is a higher proportion of Urdu loanwords, while the variety spoken across the Line of Control has retained more traditional Hindko words.
460:. The valley is a thickly wooded region with an elevation ranging between 4,000 feet (1,200 m) and 7,500 feet (2,300 m), with mountain peaks on either side reaching 17,000 feet (5,200 m). The Neelum Valley is 144 kilometres (89 mi) long. The
581:
on the following vowel. This sound change however, is currently spreading here as well, but it has so far only affected the villages situated along the Neelam highway. This variety of Hindko is also spoken in nearby areas of India-administered
Kashmir. Since
933:
Circumstances worsened further in
October 1959, when a major class at Kongka Pass in eastern Ladakh led to nine dead and ten captured Indian border personnel, making it by far the most serious Sino-Indian class since India's independence.
701:, a report released by Alif Ailaan, the district of Neelum stands at number 58 nationally in the ranking related to education, with an education score of 60.87. The Neelum District is lowest-ranked district in all of Azad Kashmir.
910:
had given political asylum to the Dalai Lama when he fled across the border in March 1959. In late 1959, there were shots fired between border patrols operating along both the ill-defined McMahon Line and in the Aksai Chin.
76:
515:. It is the language of wider communication in the area and is spoken at a native or near-native level by almost all members of the other language communities, many of whom are abandoning their language and
1495:
Sohail, Ayesha; Rehman, Khawaja A.; Kiani, Zafeer
Hussain (2016). "Language divergence caused by LoC: a case study of District Kupwara (Jammu & Kashmir) and District Neelum (Azad Jammu & Kashmir)".
1555:
593:. It is the majority language in at least a dozen or so villages, and in about half of these, it is the sole mother tongue. It is closer to the variety spoken in northern Kashmir (particularly in
464:
runs through the valley, either across the mountains to the south-east or in places right along the river, with several villages on the left bank falling on the Indian side of the border.
616:, who travel into the valley (and beyond, into Gilgit-Baltistan) with their herds in the summer and who spend the winters in the lower parts of Azad Kashmir and in Punjab.
1548:
978:
Quote: "Kashmir’s identity remains hotly disputed with a UN-supervised “Line of Control” still separating Pakistani-held Azad (“Free”) Kashmir from Indian-held Kashmir.";
643:. The community is bilingual in Kashmiri and is culturally closer to the neighbouring Kashmiri communities than to the other Shina group, who inhabit the large village of
1084:, p. 65. The village is 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) upstream from Athmuqam. An alternative etymology links the name to the colour of the river: "sapphire". (
1541:
867:
Quote: "Jammu and Kashmir: Territory in northwestern India, subject to a dispute between India and Pakistan. It has borders with Pakistan and China."
121:
1485:
993:
972:
950:
902:
882:
861:
839:
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639:) near the border with India. Its speakers claim that their variety of Shina is close to the one spoken further up the valley in Indian
449:
1700:
608:, whose villages are scattered throughout the valley. Most of them have switched to Hindko, but a few communities continue using the
925:
55:
1472:. Brill's Tibetan studies library, Languages of the greater Himalayan region. Leiden : Biggleswade: Brill. pp. 219–234.
1710:
1705:
1056:
999:
Quote:"Some politicised terms also are used to describe parts of J&K. These terms include the words 'occupied' and 'held'."
163:
373:, the district had a population of around 191,000 people (as of 2017). It was among the worst-hit areas of Pakistan during the
321:
1113:
219:
1466:
1193:
1464:
Rehman, Khawaja A. (2011). "Ergativity in Kundal Shahi, Kashmiri And Hindko". In Turin, Mark; Zeisler, Bettina (eds.).
426:
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384:
Map of the Pakistani-administered territory of Azad Jammu and Kashmir with the Neelum District highlighted in red
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35 kilometres (22 mi) downstream. The Shina people of Phullwei claim to have originally come from
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In the upper end of the valley, there are two distinct communities speaking two different varieties of
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region. It is the northernmost of 10 districts located within the Pakistani-administered territory of
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to refer to the highlanders, who spoke this language. The language is also sometimes known as
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1473:
656:
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410:
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Himalayan languages and linguistics: studies in phonology, semantics, morphology and syntax
1322:, p. 70. Additionally, Kashmiri speakers are better able to understand the variety of
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and roughly follows first a western and then a south-western course until it joins the
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1689:
1659:
1412:
Akhtar, Raja Nasim; Rehman, Khawaja A. (2007). "The Languages of the Neelam Valley".
893:
Skutsch, Carl (2015) , "China: Border War with India, 1962", in Ciment, James (ed.),
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735:
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81:
Photograph showing the heavily-forested landscape of the Neelum Valley in April 2015
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445:
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An Environmental History of India: From Earliest Times to the Twenty-First Century
224:
Sardar Tahir Mehmood up (Mian Abdul Waheed MLA(PPP) Shah Ghulam Qadar MLA (PMLN))
1434:
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725:
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Several languages are spoken natively in the district. The predominant one is
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136:
123:
17:
1533:
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613:
198:
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853:
Encyclopedia of the United Nations and International Agreements: G to M
775:
628:
605:
577:, where the aspiration and voicing have been lost giving rise to a low
549:, although it bears a closer resemblance to the Hindko of neighbouring
541:'from the other side', which was the term used by the Kashmiris of the
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359:
109:
1528:
774:
The application of the term "administered" to the various regions of
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652:
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One language that is unique to the Neelum Valley is the endangered
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of Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir, on the south-west by the
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379:
309:
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682:
287:
1537:
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The third-largest ethnic, though not linguistic, group are the
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The second most widely spoken language of the Neelam Valley is
1435:"A first look at the language of Kundal Shahi in Azad Kashmir"
1216:
1263:
1261:
920:, Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, p. 109,
918:
The Difficult Politics of Peace: Rivalry in Modern South Asia
897:(2nd ed.), London and New York: Routledge, p. 573,
1096:
1094:
393:
The district is bordered on the north and north-east by the
1524:
Neelum Valley-AJ&K Tourism & Archaeology Department
874:
A History of Modern South Asia: Politics, States, Diasporas
612:
at home. Gujari is more consistently maintained among the
778:
and a mention of the Kashmir dispute is supported by the
492:, in which the district headquarters is located, and the
190:
Mufti Mansoor ur Rehman in his rule during 2005 on Feb 5
535:), a name that likely originated in the Kashmiri word
945:, Harvard University Press, pp. 294, 291, 293,
834:, Scholastic Library Publishing, 2006, p. 328,
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Local bodies elections conducted after 31 years gap
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569:consonants at the start of the word: for example,
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689:, is used as a medium of instruction in schools.
674:. It is spoken by some of the inhabitants of the
32:District of Azad Kashmir administered by Pakistan
498:Alif Ailaan Pakistan District Education Rankings
440:and was subsequently renamed for the village of
1433:Baart, Joan L. G.; Rehman, Khawaja A. (2005).
1031:"Census 2017: AJK population rises to over 4m"
561:. Unlike other varieties of Hindko, Pahari or
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685:is spoken by the formally educated and, like
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895:Encyclopedia of Conflicts Since World War II
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967:, Cambridge University Press, p. 166,
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942:Kashmir: Roots of Conflict, Paths to Peace
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66:
64:
44:
34:
877:, Yale University Press, pp. 28–29,
354:) is a district of Pakistan-administered
1529:Neelum Valley-AJ&K Community Website
1194:"Individual district profile link, 2015"
856:, Taylor & Francis, pp. 1191–,
699:Pakistan District Education Ranking 2017
1156:"Tehsils of Neelum District on AJK map"
988:, Oxford University Press, p. 10,
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432:The Neelum Valley was known before the
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1286:as well as the local use of the terms
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597:) than to the Kashmiri of the city of
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253:3,621 km (1,398 sq mi)
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100:A map showing Pakistani-administered
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1498:Kashmir Journal of Language Research
1414:Kashmir Journal of Language Research
1326:than the one spoken in Muzaffarabad.
480:The Neelum District was part of the
237: • District Health Officer
229: • District Police Officer
1444:"Neelum Valley: The sapphire trail"
985:Understanding Kashmir and Kashmiris
793:Kashmir, region Indian subcontinent
369:. Taking up the larger part of the
344:
27:District of Azad Kashmir, Pakistan
523:. This language is usually called
279:Hindko Kashmiry Gojri shina Pashto
88:Interactive map of Neelum district
25:
1478:10.1163/ej.9789004194489.i-322.61
484:until 2005. It is made up of two
1613:
1437:. SIL Electronic Working Papers.
812:Aksai Chin, Plateau Region, Asia
94:
75:
1442:Faruqi, Sama (18 August 2016).
1308:Sohail, Rehman & Kiani 2016
850:Osmańczyk, Edmund Jan (2003),
1:
1057:"rmc.org.pk - Earthquake Map"
982:Snedden, Christopher (2015),
782:(a) through (e), reflecting
118:Coordinates (Athmuqam):
961:Fisher, Michael H. (2018),
627:). One of them is found at
537:
427:Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province
1727:
1282:, p. 68. The variant
815:, Encyclopaedia Britannica
796:, Encyclopaedia Britannica
631:and the nearby village of
623:(locally sometimes called
1701:Districts of Azad Kashmir
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1575:
1114:"Length of Neelum Valley"
421:, and on the west by the
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1396:Akhtar & Rehman 2007
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1320:Akhtar & Rehman 2007
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1268:Akhtar & Rehman 2007
1143:Akhtar & Rehman 2007
1101:Akhtar & Rehman 2007
1082:Akhtar & Rehman 2007
58:administered by Pakistan
56:District of Azad Kashmir
1711:Valleys of Azad Kashmir
1706:2005 Kashmir earthquake
1384:Baart & Rehman 2005
1139:Baart & Rehman 2005
1118:en.dailypakistan.com.pk
939:Bose, Sumantra (2009),
565:, it has preserved the
448:in Indian-administered
375:2005 Kashmir earthquake
108:green) in the disputed
831:Encyclopedia Americana
477:
409:, on the south by the
385:
274:53/km (140/sq mi)
1162:. AJK Official Portal
1015:(Report). p. 22.
573:'grass' vs. Punjabi
482:Muzaffarabad District
475:
419:Muzaffarabad District
383:
284: • Official
181:Muzaffarabad Division
153:Administering country
1577:Provincial capital:
1063:on 21 September 2007
1010:AJK at a glance 2015
916:Clary, Christopher,
871:Talbot, Ian (2016),
676:Kundal Shahi village
444:. It flows from the
271: • Density
809:Pletcher, Kenneth,
635:(formerly known as
220:Deputy Commissioner
133: /
1215:Asia, Incredible.
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415:Bandipora District
386:
294: • Local
263: • Total
250: • Total
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1487:978-90-04-19448-9
1449:Herald (Pakistan)
1398:, pp. 75–78.
1374:, pp. 74–75.
1362:, pp. 72–74.
1350:, pp. 71–72.
1244:External link in
1217:"Incredible Asia"
1145:, pp. 65–66.
995:978-1-84904-621-3
974:978-1-107-11162-2
952:978-0-674-02855-5
904:978-0-7656-8005-1
884:978-0-300-19694-8
863:978-0-415-93922-5
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1356:
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1349:
1344:
1341:
1338:, p. 72.
1337:
1332:
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1270:, p. 69.
1269:
1264:
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1208:
1196:. Alif Ailaan
1195:
1189:
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1177:
1174:
1161:
1157:
1151:
1148:
1144:
1141:, p. 4;
1140:
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1103:, p. 65.
1102:
1097:
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742:
741:Sharada Peeth
739:
737:
736:Kumrat Valley
734:
732:
729:
727:
724:
722:
721:Kaghan Valley
719:
717:
716:Naltar Valley
714:
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697:According to
692:
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551:Kaghan Valley
548:
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371:Neelum Valley
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111:
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103:
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78:
57:
52:
36:
30:
19:
18:Neelam Valley
1641:
1637:Muzaffarabad
1632:Hattian Bala
1624:Muzaffarabad
1579:Muzaffarabad
1569:Azad Kashmir
1501:
1497:
1467:
1453:. Retrieved
1447:
1420:(1): 65–84.
1417:
1413:
1406:Bibliography
1391:
1379:
1367:
1355:
1343:
1331:
1315:
1303:
1296:Rehman (2011
1291:
1287:
1283:
1275:
1225:. Retrieved
1220:
1210:
1198:. Retrieved
1188:
1176:
1164:. Retrieved
1159:
1150:
1134:
1122:. Retrieved
1120:. 8 May 2017
1117:
1108:
1077:
1065:. Retrieved
1061:the original
1051:
1039:. Retrieved
1034:
1004:
984:
963:
941:
931:
917:
908:
894:
873:
852:
830:
817:, retrieved
811:
798:, retrieved
792:
711:Hunza Valley
696:
680:
672:Kundal Shahi
669:
661:
636:
624:
618:
603:
599:Muzaffarabad
588:
574:
570:
559:Murree Hills
553:than to the
546:
532:
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510:
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497:
479:
458:Muzaffarabad
454:Jhelum River
446:Gurez Valley
437:
431:
392:
370:
367:Azad Kashmir
356:Azad Kashmir
336:
335:(spelt also
332:
331:
314:Kundal Shahi
240:Abdul Mateen
195:Headquarters
169:Azad Kashmir
142:34.59; 73.91
102:Azad Kashmir
29:
1227:30 December
1181:Faruqi 2016
1166:17 November
1086:Faruqi 2016
1041:1 September
828:"Kashmir",
750:Lawat Balla
726:Swat Valley
438:Kishanganga
232:Sajid Imran
140: /
104:(shaded in
45:نيٖلم ضِلہٕ
1690:Categories
1247:|ref=
1160:ajk.gov.pk
1035:The Nation
784:due weight
757:References
667:Pakistan.
401:, and the
320:Number of
258:Population
205:Government
187:Founded by
1675:Sudhanoti
1565:Districts
1510:1028-6640
1455:8 January
1426:1028-6640
1294:are from
1067:9 January
819:16 August
800:15 August
693:Education
633:Karimabad
584:Partition
507:Languages
434:partition
164:Territory
1324:Srinagar
1237:cite web
705:See also
614:Bakarwal
591:Kashmiri
517:shifting
413:and the
389:Location
360:disputed
302:Kashmiri
199:Athmuqam
176:Division
157:Pakistan
67:ضلع نیلم
1595:Bhimber
1124:11 June
846:1947";
776:Kashmir
687:English
645:Phulwei
629:Taobutt
606:Gujjars
563:Punjabi
486:tehsils
363:Kashmir
358:in the
322:Tehsils
266:216,000
128:73°55′E
125:34°35′N
110:Kashmir
1670:Poonch
1665:Haveli
1652:Poonch
1642:Neelum
1605:Mirpur
1587:Mirpur
1508:
1484:
1424:
1292:Hindko
1288:Pahari
1284:Parimi
992:
971:
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924:
901:
881:
860:
838:
664:Pashto
653:Chilas
555:Pahari
547:Pahari
538:apārim
529:Parimi
521:Hindko
513:Hindko
488:: the
442:Neelam
397:, the
337:Neelam
333:Neelum
298:Hindko
112:region
1600:Kotli
1200:6 May
1013:(PDF)
746:Dosut
651:near
641:Gurez
637:Sutti
625:Dardi
621:Shina
533:Pārim
525:Parmi
476:Dosut
310:Gojri
306:Shina
1660:Bagh
1506:ISSN
1482:ISBN
1457:2017
1422:ISSN
1290:and
1252:help
1229:2022
1202:2015
1168:2019
1126:2018
1069:2018
1043:2017
990:ISBN
980:(j)
969:ISBN
959:(i)
947:ISBN
937:(h)
922:ISBN
914:(g)
899:ISBN
891:(f)
879:ISBN
869:(e)
858:ISBN
848:(d)
836:ISBN
826:(c)
821:2019
807:(b)
802:2019
789:(a)
683:Urdu
649:Nait
579:tone
527:(or
501:2015
346:نیلم
341:Urdu
288:Urdu
245:Area
106:sage
1567:of
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655:in
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456:at
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