386:
36:
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Many scripts are created for religious or mystical purposes. Missionaries and religious scholars may be motivated to devise new scripts for previously-unwritten languages to facilitate the translation of religious writings, as was the case for several of the scripts mentioned in the previous section.
192:
over time, not being formally considered full members of the
English (as opposed to Latin) alphabet until the mid-1800s). In the vast majority of cases, inventors of writing systems have been either literate themselves or familiar with the concept of writing (see
1123:
197:). As such, constructed scripts tend to be informed by at least one older writing system, making it difficult in some cases to decide whether a new script is simply an adoption or a new creation (for example the
1112:
1848:
602:
452:
or alternate orthographies for existing languages- English-language examples include the script of the Orokin language (referred to by members of the community as "Tennobet", a portmanteau of "
2215:
180:, i.e. a language is written in another language's script at first, and gradually develops peculiarities specific to its new environment over the centuries (such as the letters
1243:
1259:
1384:
545:
2257:
144:
specifically created by an individual or group, rather than having evolved as part of a language or culture like a natural script. Some are designed for use with
1087:
2237:
532:, a communication system created for use by non-human primates, involves a system of lexigrams- visual symbols corresponding to various objects and ideas.
294:
Religious leaders may promulgate new writing systems among their followers for liturgical use and/or the promotion of cultural identity and unity, as with
53:
698:
were under consideration in 2010. An unofficial project exists to coordinate the encoding of many constructed scripts in specific places in the
Unicode
1962:
996:
176:, are human creations. However, scripts usually evolve out of other scripts rather than being designed by an individual. In most cases, alphabets are
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Several writing systems have been devised for technical purposes by specialists in various fields. One of the most prominent of these is the
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are true writing or proto-writing), the process was nevertheless a gradual evolution of a system of symbols, not a creation by design.
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experimentation or for other more practical ends in existing languages. Prominent examples of constructed scripts include Korean
208:
In the rare cases where a script evolved not out of a previous script, but out of proto-writing (the only known cases being the
1982:
497:
638:
invented a purported 'Formosan' alphabet to further his fraudulent claims of being the first
Taiwanese visitor to Europe; the
2306:
1370:
57:
86:
2280:
254:
2316:
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1302:
464:
1333:“The Life And Letters Of Lewis Carroll (Rev. C. L. Dodgson)” by Stuart Dodgson Collingwood B.A. Christ Church, Oxford
68:
1654:
753:
1097:
205:
alphabets, which are heavily influenced by the Greek alphabet but were nevertheless designed by individual authors).
373:
Several of these scripts are described by their creators as having been revealed during or developed in response to
1791:
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710:
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504:, IPA also contains invented letters, Greek letters, and numerous diacritics. Other scripts, such as John Malone's
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683:
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500:(IPA), used by linguists to describe the sounds of human language in exhaustive detail. While based on the
2014:
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Some scripts were invented for spoken languages that did not have adequate writing systems, including the
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represent a proposed international auxiliary language whose primary mode is written rather than spoken.
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630:, in addition to serving a religious role, was used to conceal military communications during the
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systems may be considered constructed scripts intended to facilitate speed and ease of writing.
885:"L2/16-101R: Proposal for encoding the Medefaidrin (Oberi Okaime) script in the SMP of the UCS"
1989:
1902:
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Some constructed scripts are intended to replace existing writing systems. In the mid-1800s,
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Other works stop short of creating entire languages, and instead use constructed scripts as
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The
Tengwar script constructed for Tolkien's languages. He also created a mode for English.
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1942:
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The
Angelical Language, Volume I: The Complete History and Mythos of the Tongue of Angels
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uses, such as communication with purported spiritual entities. Such is the case with
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883:
Rovenchak, Andrij; Gibbon, Dafydd; Ekpenyong, Moses; Urua, Eno-Abasi (2016-04-18).
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was turned down because most users of the
Klingon language wrote it using the
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were invented to serve the needs of the visually impaired, or, in the case of
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to
English phonology; roughly a century later, the estate of Irish playwright
229:
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2009:
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1707:
1504:
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533:
474:
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315:
1937:
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958:
Pearce, Celia (2006). "Productive Play: Game
Culture From the Bottom Up".
17:
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1222:"Semantography - A Logical Writing for an illogical World, by CK BLISS"
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691:
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157:
1209:. Harmondsworth, Middlesex, England: Penguin Books Ltd. pp. 9–11.
622:
Several constructed scripts serve unique purposes not outlined above.
393:
2158:
1994:
1972:
1947:
1897:
1843:
1833:
1634:
1594:
1248:. Sydney: Semantography (Blissymbolics) Publications. OCoLC: 1014476.
997:"Google Translate's 'Star Wars' Easter Egg Adds Support For Aurebesh"
903:"N4017: Proposal to Encode the Pau Cin Hau Alphabet in ISO/IEC 10646"
505:
246:
153:
2153:
2078:
1712:
1669:
1659:
1557:
1257:
Sidwell, Paul. 2008. The Khom script of the
Kommodam Rebellion.
695:
417:
392:
384:
2113:
1768:
1484:
441:
1366:
1064:
The
History Of Special Education: From Isolation To Integration
1020:"Preliminary proposal to encode "Unifon" characters in the UCS"
761: – Writing system wherein each symbol represents a concept
603:
An Essay Towards a Real Character, and a Philosophical Language
1524:
716:
Some of the scripts have identifying codes assigned among the
224:, with ongoing debate as to whether the hitherto-undeciphered
29:
164:
Constructed scripts and traditional "natural" writing systems
27:
Writing system specifically created by an individual or group
285:
may fit in this category, though their origin is not known.
860:"Proposal for encoding the Sora Sompeng script in the UCS"
185:
181:
168:
All scripts, including traditional scripts ranging from
769:
Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
744:
Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
2216:
La Ricerca della Lingua Perfetta nella Cultura Europea
709:
to U+F8FF and U+000F0000 to U+0010FFFF), known as the
334:
language and alphabet, the various scripts (including
815:"Writing systems: A case study in cultural evolution"
580:). Taking language reform further, various proposed
2225:
2174:
2126:
2066:
1867:
1782:
1683:
1473:
1462:
1400:
1206:
The Shaw Alphabet Edition of Androcles and the Lion
60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1260:International Journal of the Sociology of Language
1148:
869:. International Organization for Standardization.
634:. Around the turn of the 18th century, Frenchman
1242:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
404:The best-known constructed scripts dedicated to
1224:. Archived from the original on October 4, 2011
1088:"Interactive Lexigram, History of Ape Language"
908:. Working Group Document, ISO/IEC JTC1/SC2/WG2.
767: – 15th century codex in an unknown script
646:is another such example of linguistic forgery.
546:the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
1066:. Washington, DC: Gallaudet University Press.
945:"Writing Klingon – Klingon Language Institute"
736: – Wordless open semantic form of writing
1378:
878:
876:
662:, of sighted people without access to light.
8:
1159:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
1470:
1385:
1371:
1363:
568:) to serve similar aims. Graphic Designer
397:The KLI pIqaD is a constructed script for
1274:"Coelbren y Beirdd - The Bardic Alphabet"
576:represents a similar project. (see also:
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
923:. Woodbury, MN: Llewellyn Publications.
850:
848:
2202:Conlanging: The Art of Crafting Tongues
1278:Amgueddfa Cymru — National Museum Wales
1156:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
780:
236:Overview of constructed writing systems
148:, although several of them are used in
1235:
670:Some neographies have been encoded in
456:" and "alphabet") from the video game
306:invented by the Zomi religious leader
995:McKalin, Vamien (November 27, 2015).
420:, but many others exist, such as the
7:
1129:from the original on 31 January 2017
1041:Initial Teaching Alphabet Foundation
742: – Consciously devised language
462:, the unnamed New World script from
58:adding citations to reliable sources
1295:Olstrom, Clifford E. (2012-07-10).
482:appearing in the television series
289:For religious and mystical purposes
813:Trigger, Bruce G. (January 1998).
241:For previously unwritten languages
25:
2209:In the Land of Invented Languages
1113:"The Deseret Alphabet Experiment"
606:have associated writing systems.
552:as an alternative writing system
578:English-language spelling reform
310:, among many others. Relatedly,
34:
901:Pandey, Anshuman (2011-04-27).
819:Norwegian Archaeological Review
596:, and the language outlined in
498:International Phonetic Alphabet
45:needs additional citations for
1:
2281:List of constructed languages
831:10.1080/00293652.1998.9965618
792:. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
255:Canadian Aboriginal syllabics
1303:Perkins School for the Blind
1190:UK public library membership
1122:. Brigham Young University.
465:Kirby and the Forgotten Land
69:"Constructed writing system"
790:Old Church Slavonic Grammar
754:List of constructed scripts
2333:
1353:ConScript Unicode Registry
1111:Moore, Richard G. (2006).
1062:Winzer, Margret A (1993).
788:Lunt, Horace Gray (2001).
711:ConScript Unicode Registry
352:Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa
134:constructed writing system
2286:List of language creators
2271:
703:
514:Initial Teaching Alphabet
1120:Religious Studies Center
974:10.1177/1555412005281418
2258:Interlingue/Interlingua
1425:International auxiliary
919:Leitch, Aaron (2010a).
890:. ISO/IEC JTC1/SC2/WG2.
518:Alexander Melville Bell
445:series of video games.
1963:Middle-earth languages
1298:Undaunted By Blindness
1219:Bliss, C. K. (1965).
1203:Shaw, Bernard (1962).
1165:10.1093/ref:odnb/36047
1150:"Shaw, George Bernard"
1096:. 2010. Archived from
867:Working Group Document
564:(later developed into
492:For technical purposes
401:
390:
2307:Constructed languages
2238:Esperanto/Interlingua
2139:Esperanto orthography
1718:Pan-Germanic language
1500:Communicationssprache
1394:Constructed languages
642:alphabet invented by
396:
388:
375:visionary experiences
146:constructed languages
1730:Pan-Romance language
1605:Latino sine flexione
1348:Omniglot Neographies
1147:Weintraub, Stanley.
674:, in particular the
632:Holy Man's Rebellion
450:substitution ciphers
214:Egyptian hieroglyphs
54:improve this article
2317:Constructed scripts
1747:Pan-Slavic language
586:auxiliary languages
558:George Bernard Shaw
406:fictional languages
364:Hildegard of Bingen
358:, and possibly the
356:Johannes Trithemius
2134:Constructed script
1610:Lingua Franca Nova
1590:International Sign
1018:Everson, Michael.
765:Voynich Manuscript
749:Fictional alphabet
722:IETF language tags
636:George Psalmanazar
524:were invented for
402:
391:
381:In fictional works
195:History of writing
2294:
2293:
2149:Tolkien's scripts
2122:
2121:
1839:Logopandecteision
1802:Dutton Speedwords
1735:Neolatino Romance
1615:Lingwa de planeta
1312:978-0-9822721-9-0
1301:. Watertown, MA:
1188:(Subscription or
1174:978-0-19-861412-8
1073:978-1-56368-018-2
961:Games and Culture
700:Private Use Areas
682:. A proposal for
652:tactile alphabets
640:Coelbren y Beirdd
570:Bradbury Thompson
560:commissioned the
130:
129:
122:
104:
16:(Redirected from
2324:
2243:Esperanto/Novial
2067:Ritual and other
1908:Elvish languages
1829:Lingua generalis
1817:Astrolinguistics
1471:
1387:
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1358:Deseret Alphabet
1335:
1330:
1324:
1323:
1321:
1319:
1292:
1286:
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1284:on Nov 17, 2010.
1280:. Archived from
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1100:on May 20, 2010.
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1043:. ITA Foundation
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856:Everson, Michael
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680:Deseret alphabet
676:Shavian alphabet
608:Charles K. Bliss
562:Shavian alphabet
550:Deseret alphabet
433:Klingon language
410:J. R. R. Tolkien
360:litterae ignotae
354:and his teacher
350:) documented by
348:Transitus Fluvii
314:are created for
210:Cuneiform script
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1401:Classification
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1342:External links
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1037:"What is ITA?"
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930:978-0738714905
929:
911:
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858:(2009-06-08).
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734:Asemic writing
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688:Latin alphabet
667:
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619:
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522:Visible Speech
502:Latin alphabet
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296:Sorang Sompeng
290:
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218:Chinese script
190:Latin alphabet
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142:writing system
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2233:Esperanto/Ido
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2188:A Secret Vice
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2182:Esperantology
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1570:Idiom Neutral
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684:Klingon pIqaD
681:
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656:Lewis Carroll
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624:Ong Kommandam
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582:philosophical
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554:better suited
551:
548:promoted the
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480:alien writing
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412:'s elaborate
411:
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368:Lingua Ignota
366:to write her
365:
361:
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328:Edward Kelley
325:
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188:added to the
187:
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174:Arabic script
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113:
110:November 2020
102:
99:
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88:
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81:
78:
74:
71: –
70:
66:
65:Find sources:
59:
55:
49:
48:
43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
2214:
2207:
2200:
2193:
2186:
2144:Sitelen Pona
2015:
1551:esperantidos
1520:Esperanto II
1442:Experimental
1328:
1316:. Retrieved
1297:
1290:
1282:the original
1277:
1268:
1258:
1253:
1226:. Retrieved
1215:
1205:
1198:
1178:. Retrieved
1154:
1142:
1131:. Retrieved
1119:
1106:
1098:the original
1091:
1082:
1063:
1057:
1045:. Retrieved
1040:
1031:
1013:
1001:. Retrieved
999:. Tech Times
990:
965:
959:
953:
939:
920:
914:
896:
866:
825:(1): 39–62.
822:
818:
808:
789:
783:
715:
669:
621:
601:
598:John Wilkins
543:
510:James Pitman
495:
483:
473:
463:
457:
447:
440:
425:
403:
372:
359:
312:some scripts
292:
244:
226:Indus script
222:Mayan script
207:
177:
167:
137:
133:
131:
116:
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
2226:Comparisons
2104:Palawa kani
2099:Medefaidrin
1774:Weltdeutsch
1764:Runyakitara
1752:Interslavic
1585:Interlingue
1580:Interlingua
1563:Interglossa
1490:Blissymbols
690:, but both
660:Nyctography
628:Khom Script
612:Blissymbols
574:Alphabet 26
526:pedagogical
424:script for
362:devised by
308:Pau Cin Hau
300:Medefaidrin
2301:Categories
2253:Ido/Novial
2074:Balaibalan
1784:Engineered
1640:Pasilingua
1530:Mundolinco
1437:Engineered
1318:4 December
1192:required.)
1133:2017-01-06
968:(17): 17.
775:References
759:Pasigraphy
720:codes and
588:- such as
566:Quikscript
528:purposes.
478:, and the
283:Glagolitic
230:Rongorongo
150:linguistic
80:newspapers
18:Neographer
2127:Neography
2053:Verdurian
2023:Syldavian
2018:languages
2016:Star Wars
2010:Spocanian
1893:Brithenig
1883:Atlantean
1869:Fictional
1859:Toki Pona
1708:Eurolengo
1545:Universal
1505:Esperanto
1477:auxiliary
1465:languages
1463:Specific
1413:Fictional
839:0029-3652
718:ISO 15924
534:Shorthand
475:Star Wars
439:from the
427:Star Trek
336:Celestial
273:scripts.
138:neography
2084:Enochian
2043:Valyrian
2033:Tsolyáni
2000:Newspeak
1978:Sindarin
1913:Enchanta
1903:Dothraki
1875:artistic
1812:Kalaba-X
1757:Iazychie
1723:Tutonish
1693:Afrihili
1650:Solresol
1645:Sambahsa
1630:Nal Bino
1540:Romániço
1535:Reformed
1515:Arcaicam
1510:Adjuvilo
1467:by group
1408:Artistic
1238:cite web
1228:July 18,
1124:Archived
1003:July 26,
982:16084255
728:See also
678:and the
666:Encoding
594:Solresol
485:Futurama
470:Aurebesh
459:Warframe
340:Malachim
332:Enochian
324:John Dee
316:mystical
302:and the
279:Georgian
275:Armenian
251:Cherokee
220:and the
201:and the
199:Cyrillic
2312:Writing
2164:Tengwar
2109:Yerkish
2089:Eskayan
2048:Venedic
2038:Utopian
2028:Teonaht
2005:Simlish
1983:more...
1968:Adûnaic
1953:Lydnevi
1933:KobaĂŻan
1928:Klingon
1807:Ithkuil
1740:Romanid
1703:Efatese
1698:Budinos
1675:VolapĂĽk
1620:Mondial
1447:Musical
1180:17 July
1047:17 July
740:Conlang
692:Tengwar
672:Unicode
648:Braille
600:' 1668
530:Yerkish
414:Tengwar
399:Klingon
320:magical
271:Pollard
178:adopted
170:Chinese
158:Tengwar
94:scholar
2276:Portal
2159:Sarati
1995:Nadsat
1973:Quenya
1948:Loxian
1943:Lapine
1938:Láadan
1923:Kiliki
1898:Dritok
1873:other
1844:Lojban
1834:Loglan
1822:Lincos
1635:Novial
1595:Kotava
1549:other
1309:
1186:
1171:
1070:
980:
927:
837:
796:
516:, and
508:, Sir
506:Unifon
435:, and
346:, and
344:Theban
304:script
281:, and
267:Tangut
263:Fraser
247:Hangul
216:, the
203:Gothic
154:Hangul
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
2175:Study
2154:Cirth
2079:Damin
2058:Wenja
1990:NaĘĽvi
1958:Mänti
1918:KÄ“len
1713:Guosa
1685:Zonal
1670:Uropi
1660:Unish
1575:Intal
1558:Glosa
1495:Bolak
1430:Zonal
1127:(PDF)
1116:(PDF)
1023:(PDF)
978:S2CID
906:(PDF)
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696:Cirth
618:Other
472:from
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418:Cirth
140:is a
136:or a
101:JSTOR
87:books
2114:Zaum
1769:Wede
1655:Sona
1485:Babm
1320:2011
1307:ISBN
1263:192.
1244:link
1230:2022
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1169:ISBN
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925:ISBN
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694:and
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416:and
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269:and
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73:news
1871:and
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1625:Neo
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