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263:, where she founded and led a music school. It was flourishing by 1886. The following year, she returned to Muskogee, Indian Territory, where she taught in a private girls academy. Her school charged a tuition of eight dollars per month. Leslie also founded the Afro-American International Institute and School of Arts. In the summer of 1891 she was hired as principal of the
278:
to help him raise his remaining daughter. There she opened a music conservatory for girls. Known throughout the region for her teaching skill, Leslie also performed music and was considered a "composer of some prominence". None of her works is known to be extant. After working for several years in
316:
states Leslie is nearly 100, the age seems improbable, as does her age of 65 that is recorded on the 1920 census. Her brother was born in 1844, and she began her career in 1865 after some schooling, so may have been in her early 20s. If the birth year of 1855 given on the census was correct, she
282:
She resumed teaching at the
Tallahassee Mission in 1895, where she served as the music director for at least three years. In 1920, she was still living in Muskogee, now in the state of Oklahoma, which was admitted to the union in 1908. In 1921, Leslie performed at a Baptist gathering in
42:
161:. She was the fourth daughter of Nannie and Charles P. Coles and had one brother, Solomon Melvin Coles (1844-1929/1930). After emancipation, Ramsey went north and gained some education in Ohio. She started to work as a young woman for the
201:. He also taught freedmen's children here in the Negro school. In the late 1870s, he became the first black principal of the school. About 1895 he moved to a school in San Antonio, where he taught until he reached retirement.
761:
168:
Despite laws forbidding education of blacks, Solomon Coles had learned to read at age 14. He was first trained as a coachman for his master's wife. When the Civil War ended, Solomon took night courses at the
321:, 1821, is correct, she would have been 72 when the photograph published by Scruggs in 1893 was taken. It seems more likely that Leslie was born in the 1840s, as was her brother.
133:, where she founded a musical conservatory for girls. Born into slavery in Virginia, after emancipation she gained schooling in Ohio and moved to Louisiana to teach for the
217:(AMA), which helped support numerous teachers in the South as part of their educational mission for freedmen and their children. For the 1870–1871 term, she studied at the
1423:
1343:
303:
It is unknown whether her name was Ramsey or Coles at birth. DeBoer states that her maiden name was Ramsey, but the source misidentifies her brother
Solomon as Samuel.
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Her brother
Solomon Cole had married late in life and become widowed. He and his wife had two daughters, but one died in infancy. Leslie moved to
317:
would have been only ten years old after completing her schooling and going to work at the
Freedmen's Bureau. If the birth year indicated by the
225:, founded by the AMA. The following year, she began teaching primary school at Straight, which had a range of preparatory classes, and then in
859:
1328:
940:
886:
750:
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957:. Washington, D. C.: National Archives and Records Administration. January 17, 1920. p. 17B. NARA Microfilm Series T625, Roll #1478
848:
178:
232:
Ramsey taught in Amite City until 1874. That year she married Rev. R. A. Leslie, a
Presbyterian minister, and moved to a school in
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1358:
252:, the couple remained in Indian Territory for several years. They returned to Mississippi, where Rev. Leslie died in April 1884.
809:
214:
190:
1034:
125:
Coles; c. 1840s-c. 1920s) was notable as a teacher, musician and composer, working in
Louisiana and Mississippi, and then in
213:. In time, her salary was paid through a shared funding agreement between the first public school board of the city and the
762:"Triangular Integration in a Black Denomination: James Sisson, African Methodism, and the Indian Mission Annual Conference"
141:
and gained further training as a teacher. Teaching in
Louisiana, Mississippi, Indian Territory, and Texas, Leslie educated
1035:
Catalogue of the
Officers and Students of Straight University with the Courses of Study for the Academical Year 1870-1871
153:
Nellie A. Ramsey was born into slavery in
Virginia. Very little is known of her early life. Scruggs says she was born in
256:
742:
His Truth is
Marching On: African Americans Who Taught the Freedmen for the American Missionary Association, 1861-1877
843:(Reprint 1971 by Freeport, New York: Books for Libraries Press ed.). Chicago, Illinois: Donohue and Henneberry.
268:
1353:
775:(3). Lake Junaluska, North Carolina: United Methodist Church (U.S.) Commission on Archives and History: 133–151.
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229:. She was highly regarded for her work and in 1872, received a glowing testimonial from a Catholic priest.
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745:. Routledge Library Editions (Education 1800-1926 ed.). New York, New York: Taylor & Francis.
181:
in Pennsylvania. After graduating, he became the first person of African descent to be admitted to the
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134:
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894:
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Ramsey started to work for the Freedmen's Bureau in 1865. She first taught elementary school in
197:. Starting in the 1870s, he was the third Congregational minister called to the black church in
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893:. Oklahoma City, Oklahoma: The Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture. Archived from
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971:"Attention to the Colored People of the Five Civilized Nations of the Indian Territory"
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267:, which was a school for Creek Freedmen. Leslie already had vacation plans for time in
245:
17:
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218:
41:
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691:
689:
271:, a summer resort town in upstate. Leslie served as principal until October 1891.
210:
932:
From Spirituals to Symphonies: African-American Women Composers and Their Music
121:
860:
Solomon M. Coles: Preacher, Teacher, and Former Slave—The First Black Student
780:
193:, which planted black churches in the South and also sponsored teachers for
921:
194:
142:
865:(Report). New Haven, Connecticut: Yale Divinity School. Archived from
913:
Women of Distinction: Remarkable in Works and Invincible in Character
185:. Although he did not graduate, he was accepted as a minister in the
1278:"We are pleased to learn of the good Mrs. Leslie is doing in Texas"
1037:(Report). New Orleans, Louisiana: Pelican Print Corporation. 1871
676:
674:
485:
177:
before migrating north to further his schooling. He attended
344:
342:
165:
in 1865, going to Louisiana soon after the end of the war.
1220:. Muskogee, Indian Territory. October 8, 1891b. p. 5
1121:. Muskogee, Indian Territory. August 11, 1881. p. 5
1090:. Muskogee, Indian Territory. August 26, 1880. p. 5
951:"1920 U. S. Census: Muskogee, Muskogee County, Oklahoma"
440:
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1187:. Muskogee, Indian Territory. June 18, 1891a. p. 5
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1154:. Muskogee, Indian Territory. July 28, 1887. p. 5
979:. Muskogee, Indian Territory. July 17, 1890. p. 5
858:
Moore, Moses N. Jr.; Smith, Yolanda Y. (May 1, 2007).
805:"Solomon Coles, First Negro Principal, Was Born Slave"
248:. Establishing a boarding house the following year in
1284:. Muskogee, Indian Territory. July 1, 1886. p. 9
1253:. Muskogee, Indian Territory. July 7, 1898. p. 5
596:
395:
1059:. Muskogee, Indian Territory. May 1, 1895. p. 3
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94:
86:
78:
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935:. Urbana, Illinois: University of Illinois Press.
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255:After her husband's death, Leslie studied at the
840:Noted Negro women, their triumphs and activities
497:
1010:. Tulsa, Oklahoma. January 29, 1921. p. 1
695:
8:
680:
279:Texas, Leslie returned to Indian Territory.
635:
916:. Raleigh, North Carolina: L. A. Scruggs.
760:Dickerson-Cousin, Christina (April 2015).
710:
569:
473:
40:
29:
244:, where he helped establish schools for
1424:20th-century African-American musicians
1344:19th-century African-American educators
722:
444:
363:
338:
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240:. Around 1880 he and his wife moved to
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611:
461:
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1414:20th-century American women educators
1409:19th-century American women educators
1394:20th-century American women musicians
1389:19th-century American women musicians
120:
7:
813:. Corpus Christi, Texas. p. 167
137:. She attended the Normal School of
1429:19th-century African-American women
1419:20th-century African-American women
1334:People from Amelia County, Virginia
486:Straight University Catalogue 1871
25:
803:Dodson, Anne (January 18, 1959).
189:. He became a missionary for the
1399:Freedmen's Bureau schoolteachers
1349:African-American music educators
1339:African-American women musicians
1299:
1268:
1235:
1202:
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1136:
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157:and DeBoer says she was born in
1384:20th-century American musicians
1379:19th-century American musicians
1374:20th-century American educators
1369:19th-century American educators
910:Scruggs, Lawson Andrew (1893).
810:The Corpus Christi Caller-Times
215:American Missionary Association
191:American Missionary Association
90:Nellie A. Ramsey, N.A.R. Leslie
739:DeBoer, Clara Merritt (2016).
1:
27:American teacher and composer
1329:19th-century American slaves
887:"Colleges, African American"
257:Boston Conservatory of Music
929:Walker-Hill, Helen (2007).
891:Oklahoma Historical Society
1445:
1404:Straight University alumni
1084:"The First Baptist Church"
837:Majors, Monroe A. (1893).
269:Saratoga Springs, New York
265:Tullahassee Mission School
1179:"Superintendent Proposed"
312:Though the clipping from
221:of the newly established
98:Teacher, music instructor
39:
1051:"Commencement Exercises"
1364:Musicians from Virginia
1359:Educators from Virginia
155:Amelia County, Virginia
113:Nellie A. Ramsey Leslie
60:Amelia County, Virginia
18:Nellie A. Ramsey Leslie
885:O'Dell, Larry (2009).
711:Moore & Smith 2007
474:Moore & Smith 2007
145:and their children.
498:Dickerson-Cousin 2015
276:Corpus Christi, Texas
236:. Rev. Leslie was a
227:Amite City, Louisiana
199:Corpus Christi, Texas
187:Congregational Church
131:Corpus Christi, Texas
872:on February 11, 2017
790:on February 11, 2017
664:The Muskogee Phoenix
649:The Muskogee Phoenix
598:The Muskogee Phoenix
583:The Muskogee Phoenix
556:The Muskogee Phoenix
397:The Muskogee Phoenix
351:, pp. 183, 192.
183:Yale Divinity School
159:Petersburg, Virginia
34:Nellie Ramsey Leslie
897:on October 28, 2016
223:Straight University
139:Straight University
1282:The Indian Journal
1119:The Indian Journal
1088:The Indian Journal
541:The Indian Journal
526:The Indian Journal
511:The Indian Journal
234:Osyka, Mississippi
179:Lincoln University
73:Muskogee, Oklahoma
942:978-0-252-07454-7
769:Methodist History
752:978-1-315-40832-3
681:U. S. Census 1920
285:Bristow, Oklahoma
175:Norfolk, Virginia
171:Freedmen's Bureau
163:Freedmen's Bureau
135:Freedmen's Bureau
115:(better known as
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103:Years active
16:(Redirected from
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1115:"Leslie House"
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1008:The Tulsa Star
1004:"Bristow News"
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697:The Tulsa Star
685:
683:, p. 17B.
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616:
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604:
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117:N.A.R. Leslie
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95:Occupation(s)
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77:
69:
65:
61:
51:
47:
43:
38:
31:
19:
1324:1920s deaths
1319:1840s births
1292:– via
1286:. Retrieved
1281:
1261:– via
1255:. Retrieved
1248:
1245:"(untitled)"
1228:– via
1222:. Retrieved
1215:
1212:"(untitled)"
1195:– via
1189:. Retrieved
1182:
1162:– via
1156:. Retrieved
1149:
1146:"(untitled)"
1129:– via
1123:. Retrieved
1118:
1098:– via
1092:. Retrieved
1087:
1067:– via
1061:. Retrieved
1054:
1039:. Retrieved
1018:– via
1012:. Retrieved
1007:
987:– via
981:. Retrieved
974:
959:. Retrieved
955:FamilySearch
954:
931:
912:
899:. Retrieved
895:the original
890:
874:. Retrieved
867:the original
839:
821:– via
815:. Retrieved
808:
792:. Retrieved
785:the original
772:
768:
741:
732:Bibliography
723:Scruggs 1893
718:
713:, p. 8.
706:
701:, p. 1.
696:
668:, p. 5.
663:
658:
653:, p. 3.
648:
643:
631:
619:
607:
602:, p. 5.
597:
592:
587:, p. 5.
582:
577:
565:
560:, p. 5.
555:
550:
545:, p. 9.
540:
535:
530:, p. 5.
525:
520:
515:, p. 5.
510:
505:
493:
481:
469:
445:Scruggs 1893
401:, p. 5.
396:
364:Scruggs 1893
318:
313:
308:
299:
281:
273:
261:Paris, Texas
254:
238:Creek Indian
231:
208:
167:
152:
116:
112:
111:
1288:11 February
1257:11 February
1224:11 February
1191:11 February
1158:11 February
1125:11 February
1094:11 February
1063:11 February
1041:11 February
1014:11 February
983:11 February
961:11 February
901:11 February
876:11 February
817:11 February
794:11 February
624:Majors 1893
612:Majors 1893
570:O'Dell 2009
462:DeBoer 2016
422:Dodson 1959
381:DeBoer 2016
349:DeBoer 2016
211:New Orleans
79:Nationality
1313:Categories
329:References
149:Early life
781:0026-1238
334:Citations
106:1865-1899
250:Muskogee
195:freedmen
143:freedmen
82:American
70:c. 1920s
56:c. 1840s
922:4255360
939:
920:
847:
779:
749:
205:Career
870:(PDF)
863:(PDF)
788:(PDF)
765:(PDF)
600:1891b
399:1891a
291:Notes
1290:2017
1259:2017
1226:2017
1193:2017
1160:2017
1127:2017
1096:2017
1065:2017
1043:2017
1016:2017
985:2017
963:2017
937:ISBN
918:OCLC
903:2017
878:2017
845:ISBN
819:2017
796:2017
777:ISSN
747:ISBN
699:1921
666:1898
651:1895
585:1890
558:1887
543:1886
528:1881
513:1880
319:Star
129:and
67:Died
49:Born
173:in
122:née
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