115:
143:
1057:(5.96–5.33 million years ago) the Mediterranean sea evaporated allowing animals from the Iberian Peninsula to disperse to the Balearics. Later becoming isolated on the island when the Mediterranean refilled as result of the
1077:
transition, when episodes of low sea level connected the two islands. During most of its existence, it represented only one of three terrestrial mammal lineages native to the
Balearic islands, alongside the giant dormouse
1285:"The use of the species concept in paleontology. Comment on "Nesiotites rafelinensis sp. nov., the earliest shrew (Mammalia, Soricidae) from the Balearic Islands, Spain" by Rofes et al., 2012"
1098:, became extinct shortly after human settlement of the Balearics, which occurred sometime prior to 2282 BC, with the youngest radiocarbon date for the species dating to approximately 3027 BC.
1364:"How common is gigantism in insular fossil shrews? Examining the 'Island Rule' in soricids (Mammalia: Soricomorpha) from Mediterranean Islands using new body mass estimation models"
1159:
Bover, Pere; Mitchell, Kieren J.; Llamas, Bastien; Rofes, Juan; Thomson, Vicki A.; Cuenca-Bescós, Gloria; Alcover, Josep A.; Cooper, Alan; Pons, Joan (August 2018).
1587:
1626:
1561:
1600:
500:, known from the Late Miocene-Holocene of Europe and North Africa, which now includes the Corsican and Sardinian species formerly included in
1428:"Asynchronous ecological upheavals on the Western Mediterranean islands: New insights on the extinction of their autochthonous small mammals"
1161:"Molecular phylogenetics supports the origin of an endemic Balearic shrew lineage (Nesiotites) coincident with the Messinian Salinity Crisis"
1325:"First evidence of faunal succession in terrestrial vertebrates of the Plio-Pleistocene of the Balearic Islands, western Mediterranean"
1026:
being estimated at 26.63–29.31 grams (0.939–1.034 oz), being exceeded in size amongst
Nectogalini only by Asiatic water shrews (
1618:
1248:"Proportions, characters and chronologies: their contribution to systematic paleontology. A rebuttal to Furió and Pons-Monjo"
1605:
1680:
1613:
1522:
1631:
1426:
Valenzuela, Alejandro; Torres-Roig, Enric; Zoboli, Daniel; Pillola, Gian Luigi; Alcover, Josep Antoni (2021-11-29).
142:
1247:
1054:
1284:
395:) (the validity of this species disputed, as some authors contend that it is not morphologically distinct from
1010:(estimated to weigh 8.85 grams (0.312 oz)), as well to most other members of Nectogalini, an example of
570:
1690:
1475:
1527:
1652:
847:
821:
1548:
804:
695:
532:
435:
1685:
1014:. The species of the genus showed an increase in body size over time, with the estimated weight of
377:
is now generally used exclusively for the
Balearic species, as otherwise the genus would likely be
1455:
1397:"New data on the origin of Nesiotites (Soricidae, Mammalia) in Menorca (Balearic Islands, Spain)"
1396:
1344:
1324:
1188:
1116:
935:
487:
424:
137:
1657:
114:
1639:
1592:
1535:
1447:
1302:
1265:
1180:
1136:
909:
588:
416:
307:
1644:
1439:
1427:
1408:
1375:
1336:
1292:
1255:
1226:
1172:
1128:
1011:
431:). These are largely distinguished by differences in body size and characters of the teeth.
327:
1513:
892:
483:
443:
1058:
627:
511:
within
Nectogalini based on DNA and morphological characters after Bover et al (2018):
319:
490:
approximately 6.44 million years ago. Based on morphological data, it is thought that
1674:
1459:
1348:
385:
350:
234:
72:
1215:
sp. nov., the earliest shrew (Mammalia, Soricidae) from the
Balearic Islands, Spain"
1540:
1192:
782:
466:
454:
378:
194:
17:
1574:
1507:
1176:
1074:
518:
311:
214:
47:
1412:
1340:
1443:
1132:
1006:
743:
496:
404:
92:
57:
1498:
1451:
1306:
1269:
1140:
373:) were included in the genus, but these are now rejected from the genus, and
1086:
1046:
870:
472:
460:
448:
154:
97:
1184:
1117:"LXIII.— Pleistocene shrews from the larger Western Mediterranean Islands"
1492:
1080:
1062:
1042:
428:
392:
362:
331:
323:
174:
87:
82:
67:
62:
52:
1004:
exhibited a large body size compared to their likely mainland ancestor,
452:), and related to other terrestrial nectogaline shrews known from Asia (
1566:
1160:
1070:
1050:
358:
335:
315:
102:
77:
1579:
1380:
1363:
612:
478:
184:
164:
128:
1469:
1395:
Pons-Monjo, Guillem; Moyà-Solà, Salvador; Furió, Marc (July 2012).
204:
1297:
1260:
1231:
1210:
1473:
1209:
Rofes, J.; Bover, P.; Cuenca-Bescós, G.; Alcover, J.A. (2012).
494:
is closely related and likely descended from the extinct genus
1553:
486:
analysis suggests that
Himalayan shrews and Balearic shrews
1246:
Rofes, J; Bover, P; Cuenca-Bescós, G; Alcover, Ja (2013).
1022:
being 14.58 grams (0.514 oz) while the last species,
1061:
around 5.3 million years ago, at the beginning of the
27:
Extinct genus of shrew native to the
Balearic Islands
1362:
Moncunill-Sole, B.; Jordana, X.; Köhler, M. (2016).
739:
719:
644:
1482:
1323:Cardona, Josep Quintana; Agusti, Jordi (May 2019).
442:, their closest living relative is the terrestrial
464:), rather than to the nectogaline water shrews (
8:
357:Originally, two species from the islands of
1204:
1202:
1470:
113:
31:
1379:
1368:Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society
1296:
1259:
1230:
1107:
1121:Annals and Magazine of Natural History
122:Size comparison of the Balearic shrew
1165:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
1115:Bate, Dorothea M.A. (November 1944).
353:in 1945, with the type species being
7:
1318:
1316:
1154:
1152:
1150:
884:
877:
796:
789:
777:
712:
687:
680:
619:
562:
555:
548:
524:
514:
25:
1283:Furió, M; Pons-Monjo, G (2013).
141:
1:
306:is an extinct genus of large
1084:and the dwarf goat-antelope
349:was originally described by
1177:10.1016/j.ympev.2018.03.028
1707:
1413:10.1016/j.crpv.2012.03.001
1341:10.1016/j.crpv.2019.02.001
1289:Palaeontologia Electronica
1252:Palaeontologia Electronica
1219:Palaeontologia Electronica
126:(top) with a water shrew (
1444:10.1177/09596836211060491
1133:10.1080/00222934408527471
1055:Messinian salinity crisis
932:
906:
889:
882:
875:
844:
818:
801:
794:
787:
775:
737:
717:
710:
692:
685:
678:
642:
624:
617:
585:
567:
560:
553:
546:
529:
522:
247:
242:
138:Scientific classification
136:
121:
112:
34:
574:(Himalayan water shrew)
1213:Nesiotites rafelinensis
571:Chimarrogale himalayica
384:The genus includes the
310:belonging to the tribe
43:Early Pliocene–Holocene
1401:Comptes Rendus Palevol
1329:Comptes Rendus Palevol
592:(elegant water shrew)
314:known from the latest
1653:Paleobiology Database
1041:originally colonised
1007:Asoriculus gibberodon
848:Episoriculus macrurus
822:Episoriculus caudatus
744:Asoriculus gibberodon
1681:Holocene extinctions
1073:during the Pliocene-
1034:Evolutionary history
805:Episoriculus leucops
696:Soriculus nigrescens
533:Episoriculus fumidus
488:genetically diverged
436:mitochondrial genome
355:Nesiotites hidalgo.
269:Pons and Moyà, 1980
1053:, when during the
1049:stage of the Late
936:Chodsigoa hypsibia
724:Nesiotites hidalgo
699:(Himalayan shrew)
440:Nesiotites hidalgo
425:Middle Pleistocene
308:red-toothed shrews
124:Nesiotites hidalgo
18:Nesiotites hidalgo
1668:
1667:
1640:Open Tree of Life
1476:Taxon identifiers
1381:10.1111/zoj.12399
992:
991:
983:
982:
974:
973:
965:
964:
956:
955:
947:
946:
921:
920:
910:Chodsigoa sodalis
859:
858:
833:
832:
764:
763:
755:
754:
667:
666:
658:
657:
601:
600:
589:Nectogale elegans
417:Early Pleistocene
393:earliest Pliocene
299:
298:
293:
292:Rofes et al, 2012
281:
270:
258:
238:
16:(Redirected from
1698:
1661:
1660:
1648:
1647:
1635:
1634:
1622:
1621:
1609:
1608:
1596:
1595:
1583:
1582:
1570:
1569:
1557:
1556:
1544:
1543:
1531:
1530:
1518:
1517:
1516:
1503:
1502:
1501:
1471:
1464:
1463:
1423:
1417:
1416:
1392:
1386:
1385:
1383:
1359:
1353:
1352:
1320:
1311:
1310:
1300:
1280:
1274:
1273:
1263:
1243:
1237:
1236:
1234:
1206:
1197:
1196:
1156:
1145:
1144:
1112:
1069:later spread to
1012:island gigantism
885:
878:
797:
790:
778:
741:
721:
713:
688:
681:
646:
620:
563:
556:
549:
525:
515:
328:Balearic Islands
291:
279:
268:
256:
233:
226:
146:
145:
117:
107:
44:
40:Temporal range:
32:
21:
1706:
1705:
1701:
1700:
1699:
1697:
1696:
1695:
1671:
1670:
1669:
1664:
1656:
1651:
1643:
1638:
1630:
1625:
1617:
1612:
1604:
1599:
1591:
1586:
1578:
1573:
1565:
1560:
1552:
1547:
1539:
1534:
1526:
1521:
1512:
1511:
1506:
1497:
1496:
1491:
1478:
1468:
1467:
1425:
1424:
1420:
1394:
1393:
1389:
1361:
1360:
1356:
1322:
1321:
1314:
1282:
1281:
1277:
1245:
1244:
1240:
1208:
1207:
1200:
1158:
1157:
1148:
1127:(83): 738–769.
1114:
1113:
1109:
1104:
1094:chronospecies,
1036:
998:
993:
984:
975:
966:
957:
948:
922:
893:Chodsigoa parca
860:
834:
765:
756:
668:
659:
602:
484:molecular clock
444:Himalayan shrew
389:N. rafelinensis
344:
287:N. rafelinensis
232:
224:
140:
108:
106:
105:
100:
95:
90:
85:
80:
75:
70:
65:
60:
55:
50:
42:
41:
38:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1704:
1702:
1694:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1673:
1672:
1666:
1665:
1663:
1662:
1649:
1636:
1623:
1610:
1597:
1584:
1571:
1558:
1545:
1532:
1519:
1504:
1488:
1486:
1480:
1479:
1474:
1466:
1465:
1438:(3): 137–146.
1418:
1407:(5): 393–401.
1387:
1374:(1): 163–182.
1354:
1335:(3): 317–324.
1312:
1275:
1238:
1198:
1146:
1106:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1059:Zanclean Flood
1035:
1032:
997:
994:
990:
989:
986:
985:
981:
980:
977:
976:
972:
971:
968:
967:
963:
962:
959:
958:
954:
953:
950:
949:
945:
944:
941:
940:
931:
928:
927:
924:
923:
919:
918:
915:
914:
905:
902:
901:
898:
897:
888:
883:
881:
876:
874:
866:
865:
862:
861:
857:
856:
853:
852:
843:
840:
839:
836:
835:
831:
830:
827:
826:
817:
814:
813:
810:
809:
800:
795:
793:
788:
786:
776:
774:
771:
770:
767:
766:
762:
761:
758:
757:
753:
752:
749:
748:
736:
733:
732:
729:
728:
716:
711:
709:
706:
705:
702:
701:
691:
686:
684:
679:
677:
674:
673:
670:
669:
665:
664:
661:
660:
656:
655:
652:
651:
648:Neomys newtoni
641:
638:
637:
634:
633:
631:(water shrew)
628:Neomys fodiens
623:
618:
616:
608:
607:
604:
603:
599:
598:
595:
594:
584:
581:
580:
577:
576:
566:
561:
559:
554:
552:
547:
545:
542:
541:
538:
537:
528:
523:
521:
513:
343:
340:
320:Early Pliocene
297:
296:
295:
294:
282:
271:
260:
245:
244:
240:
239:
222:
218:
217:
212:
208:
207:
202:
198:
197:
192:
188:
187:
182:
178:
177:
172:
168:
167:
162:
158:
157:
152:
148:
147:
134:
133:
119:
118:
110:
109:
101:
96:
91:
86:
81:
76:
71:
66:
61:
56:
51:
46:
45:
39:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1703:
1692:
1691:Mammal genera
1689:
1687:
1684:
1682:
1679:
1678:
1676:
1659:
1654:
1650:
1646:
1641:
1637:
1633:
1628:
1624:
1620:
1615:
1611:
1607:
1602:
1598:
1594:
1589:
1585:
1581:
1576:
1572:
1568:
1563:
1559:
1555:
1550:
1546:
1542:
1537:
1533:
1529:
1524:
1520:
1515:
1509:
1505:
1500:
1494:
1490:
1489:
1487:
1485:
1481:
1477:
1472:
1461:
1457:
1453:
1449:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1433:
1429:
1422:
1419:
1414:
1410:
1406:
1402:
1398:
1391:
1388:
1382:
1377:
1373:
1369:
1365:
1358:
1355:
1350:
1346:
1342:
1338:
1334:
1330:
1326:
1319:
1317:
1313:
1308:
1304:
1299:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1279:
1276:
1271:
1267:
1262:
1257:
1253:
1249:
1242:
1239:
1233:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1214:
1205:
1203:
1199:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1155:
1153:
1151:
1147:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1111:
1108:
1101:
1099:
1097:
1093:
1089:
1088:
1083:
1082:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1033:
1031:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1008:
1003:
995:
988:
987:
979:
978:
970:
969:
961:
960:
952:
951:
943:
942:
939:
938:
937:
930:
929:
926:
925:
917:
916:
913:
912:
911:
904:
903:
900:
899:
896:
895:
894:
887:
886:
880:
879:
873:
872:
868:
867:
864:
863:
855:
854:
851:
850:
849:
842:
841:
838:
837:
829:
828:
825:
824:
823:
816:
815:
812:
811:
808:
807:
806:
799:
798:
792:
791:
785:
784:
780:
779:
773:
772:
769:
768:
760:
759:
751:
750:
747:
746:
745:
735:
734:
731:
730:
727:
726:
725:
715:
714:
708:
707:
704:
703:
700:
698:
697:
690:
689:
683:
682:
676:
675:
672:
671:
663:
662:
654:
653:
650:
649:
640:
639:
636:
635:
632:
630:
629:
622:
621:
615:
614:
610:
609:
606:
605:
597:
596:
593:
591:
590:
583:
582:
579:
578:
575:
573:
572:
565:
564:
558:
557:
551:
550:
544:
543:
540:
539:
536:
535:
534:
527:
526:
520:
517:
516:
512:
510:
505:
503:
499:
498:
493:
489:
485:
481:
480:
475:
474:
469:
468:
463:
462:
457:
456:
451:
450:
445:
441:
437:
432:
430:
426:
422:
418:
414:
413:N. aff. ponsi
410:
406:
405:Late Pliocene
402:
398:
394:
390:
387:
386:chronospecies
382:
380:
376:
372:
368:
367:N. corsicanus
364:
360:
356:
352:
351:Dorothea Bate
348:
341:
339:
337:
333:
329:
325:
321:
317:
313:
309:
305:
304:
289:
288:
283:
278:
277:
272:
267:
266:
261:
255:
254:
249:
248:
246:
241:
236:
231:
230:
223:
220:
219:
216:
213:
210:
209:
206:
203:
200:
199:
196:
193:
190:
189:
186:
183:
180:
179:
176:
173:
170:
169:
166:
163:
160:
159:
156:
153:
150:
149:
144:
139:
135:
131:
130:
125:
120:
116:
111:
104:
99:
94:
89:
84:
79:
74:
69:
64:
59:
54:
49:
37:
33:
30:
19:
1483:
1435:
1432:The Holocene
1431:
1421:
1404:
1400:
1390:
1371:
1367:
1357:
1332:
1328:
1298:10.26879/336
1288:
1278:
1261:10.26879/412
1251:
1241:
1232:10.26879/282
1222:
1218:
1212:
1168:
1164:
1124:
1120:
1110:
1095:
1091:
1085:
1079:
1066:
1038:
1037:
1028:Chimarrogale
1027:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1005:
1001:
999:
934:
933:
908:
907:
891:
890:
869:
846:
845:
820:
819:
803:
802:
783:Episoriculus
781:
742:
738:
723:
722:
718:
694:
693:
647:
643:
626:
625:
611:
587:
586:
569:
568:
531:
530:
508:
507:Position of
506:
501:
495:
491:
477:
471:
467:Chimarrogale
465:
459:
455:Episoriculus
453:
447:
439:
433:
420:
412:
409:N. meloussae
408:
400:
396:
388:
383:
379:polyphyletic
374:
370:
366:
354:
346:
345:
302:
301:
300:
286:
285:
280:Reumer, 1979
275:
274:
265:N. meloussae
264:
263:
252:
251:
228:
227:
195:Eulipotyphla
127:
123:
35:
29:
1575:iNaturalist
1508:Wikispecies
1171:: 188–195.
1090:. The last
1075:Pleistocene
1045:during the
1024:N. hildalgo
1000:Members of
996:Description
519:Nectogalini
434:Based on a
312:Nectogalini
215:Nectogalini
1686:Nesiotites
1675:Categories
1514:Nesiotites
1484:Nesiotites
1102:References
1096:N. hidalgo
1092:Nesiotites
1067:Nesiotites
1039:Nesiotites
1002:Nesiotites
509:Nesiotites
502:Nesiotites
497:Asoriculus
492:Nesiotites
421:N. hidalgo
375:Nesiotites
371:N. similis
347:Nesiotites
303:Nesiotites
257:Bate, 1945
253:N. hidalgo
229:Nesiotites
36:Nesiotites
1460:244763779
1452:0959-6836
1349:150158569
1307:1094-8074
1270:1094-8074
1225:(1): 8A.
1141:0374-5481
1087:Myotragus
1047:Messinian
871:Chodsigoa
473:Nectogale
461:Chodsigoa
449:Soriculus
205:Soricidae
161:Kingdom:
155:Eukaryota
132:, below)
1619:13700436
1493:Wikidata
1185:29608962
1081:Hypnomys
1063:Pliocene
1043:Mallorca
429:Holocene
401:N. ponsi
397:N. ponsi
363:Sardinia
342:Taxonomy
332:Mallorca
324:Holocene
276:N. ponsi
243:Species
201:Family:
185:Mammalia
175:Chordata
171:Phylum:
165:Animalia
151:Domain:
1645:3614618
1632:2315953
1593:1112709
1567:2435494
1499:Q134488
1193:5010906
1071:Menorca
1051:Miocene
359:Corsica
336:Menorca
326:of the
316:Miocene
221:Genus:
211:Tribe:
191:Order:
181:Class:
1606:709695
1580:542444
1528:923241
1458:
1450:
1347:
1305:
1268:
1191:
1183:
1139:
613:Neomys
479:Neomys
419:) and
259:(type)
237:, 1945
129:Neomys
1658:40475
1588:IRMNG
1554:39377
1541:63F96
1456:S2CID
1345:S2CID
1189:S2CID
1020:ponsi
482:). A
438:from
1627:NCBI
1601:ITIS
1562:GBIF
1523:BOLD
1448:ISSN
1303:ISSN
1266:ISSN
1181:PMID
1137:ISSN
476:and
458:and
369:and
361:and
334:and
235:Bate
48:PreꞒ
1614:MSW
1549:EoL
1536:CoL
1440:doi
1409:doi
1376:doi
1372:178
1337:doi
1293:doi
1256:doi
1227:doi
1173:doi
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1129:doi
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407:),
330:of
322:to
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1016:N
740:†
720:†
645:†
446:(
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284:†
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250:†
225:†
103:N
93:K
88:J
83:T
78:P
73:C
68:D
63:S
58:O
53:Ꞓ
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