31:
368:, where on the basis of theoretical research, he applied for the first time, a definition of the forest area (over 100 thousands hectares) by different type of forests. This fundamental work is still of important value today. Another very important catalogue of Russian European forests, with numerous tables and maps was issued. It set an alarm concerning Russian forests, showing deforestation and poor management. For the first time he proposed an original method for gradual cuts in the pine forests, based on studies of the particularities of renewal of
422:" region are now over 100 years old, but the condition of the remaining plantations testify the correctness of Genko's theories regarding the questions of steppe protective afforestation. Time has decided the scientific disputes between Genko and G. N. Vysotskii, who was a vigorous opponent of the massive afforestation in the steppe, and who gave a very negative forecast to their future
331:. In 1866 he was appointed to be junior forest warden of the Tellerman Forest which included the Shipov Forest. In 1872 this forest was declared to be a separate forest of the first category and Genko was appointed as its warden. He remained there until 1876. During the 10 years he was there, he installed new oak plantations and built paved roads in difficult terrain.
415:. For economic consideration, the width of the forest belts was to be 400 to 600 meters. These strips were located mainly on "black earth" along the watersheds, which in the steppes are the most suitable for a forest. The primary orientation was from southwest to northeast, that is, perpendicular to the predominant summer dry winds.
363:
In 1880 Genko returned to forestry activities as a junior scientist forester of the
Imperial Estates Administration where there was less bureaucracy and red tape. This is the most productive part of his life as reported by his colleagues. He developed new instructions (1883, 1893), and carried out,
572:
Nestor
Karlovich was called to forestry, not by accidental circumstances. He sharply distinguished himself from other specialists not only through his outstanding knowledge, unusual energy, and wide experience, but also love of forestry which was not a sentimental feeling. He committed himself to
390:
The aim of these protective forest bands was to increase the yield of an important area of steppe territory belonging to the
Imperial Estates. It was planned to repopulate these areas, providing the inhabitants with water (ponds) and forest. These plantations were intended also to ease the harsh
277:, Poland, participated in wars against the Turks as a lieutenant of cavalry. For bravery and leadership Ian Genko was awarded nobility by the Reichstag in 1683. This hereditary nobility was confirmed to Ivan Iossevitch von Genko and his descendants by the Senate of the
302:
In 1849 Genko entered the elementary school of Tukums, then the grammar school of Mittau (now
Yelgava), then studied at the Saint Petersburg Institute of Forestry and Surveying, from which he graduated in 1862 as second lieutenant of the Forest Administration.
567:
In connection with the death of Genko, the
Russian Society of Forestry, headed by Professor L. I. Yachnov, held a memorial session at which eminent scientists came forward with the memories of their deceased colleague. The famous forester G. F. Morozov said:
721:
G. N Vysotskii About incentives, obstacles and problems in forest cultivation steppes of Russia // Proceedings of the II Congress of skilled workers for the agricultural business in
December 1902 Part I. Reports and presentations. St. Petersburg. 1905. S.
433:". The same year, on the occasion of the 100th anniversary of the Saint Petersburg Imperial Institute of Forestry, Genko was elected an honorary member of the institute, but due to his health problems could not attend the celebrations.
788:
452:
After Genko's death a large family remained which consisted of his widow Maria
Aleksandrovna (née von Harff: 1861–1909) and ten children. His eldest son Nestor (1881-1937) graduated from the historical-philological faculty of
493:, a historian and ethnographer. He was arrested twice and died in jail. Genko's daughters, Ludmilla (1883-1929), Maria (1887-1920), Tatiana (1891-1921) died in the 1920s and only Elena (1898-1979) reached an old age.
339:
In 1876, Genko ostensibly for "reason of health", left the Forest
Administration. In 1877 he graduated from the St Petersburg infantry school with the rank of staff captain and was assigned to the
793:
798:
755:
Official record of service of Senior
Forestry Scientist, General administration of Imperial Estates, Actual State Councilor Genko // Gov. Historical Archive. Fund 515, Op. 73. D. 600.
690:
Response to G. N Vysotskii // Proceedings of the II Congress of specialists in experimental agricultural development (St.Petersburg from
December 14 to 20 1902.; Part II)
588:
region, marked by an inter-regional scientific conference, an edition of scientific material, the establishment of memorial squares and excursions to the
773:
768:
30:
343:
Infantry Regiment. As a company commander he participated in the battles of Tachkisen, Komartsov and the crossing of the Balkans. Upon the end of
496:
Some members of the Genko family originating from Nestor Karlovich Genko managed to survive. Numerous descendants of his eldest son live in
573:
forestry. Nestor Karlovich had strong opinions in the field of forestry, and what is unfortunately seldom seen; he was a Forester-Citizen.
203:
584:
On the occasion of the 165th anniversary of his birth and 100th anniversary of his death, 2004 was declared the "Year of Genko" in the
289:), son of Karl Georgevitch von Genko, supervisor of the estate of the Duke of Wurttemberg, and of Wilhelmina Mariana (née Schwander).
262:
163:
273:
The first recorded mention of the Genko family dates to the 16th century when a member of a patrician family of German origins in
547:
540:
344:
718:
Vovich. In memory of Nestor Karlovich v Genko // Journal of forestry, forest industry and trade. St. Petersburg., 1904. N°12
411:
governorates, some 13 thousand hectares of protective forest belts were planted by 1902. These forest belts were known as
231:
725:
G. P Chestoperov Wide shelterbelts on steppe regions watersheds // Forest A service to harvest. Kuibyshev, 1959. p 16-26
709:
G. F Morozov, Nestor Karlovich v Genko // Proceedings of the Imperial Forestry Institute. St. Petersburg., 1904. 2nd ed.
199:
577:
After long period of neglect, the forest community again remembered Genko, in 1998, by a decree of the governor of the
693:
Minutes of the meetings of the Congress with addition of some reports and lectures St. Petersburg. 1905. Page 186–191.
454:
281:
in 1848. His great-grandson Nestor Karlovich Genko was born on January 22 (February 3) 1839 in the estate Tadayken (
524:
149:
364:
on a massive scale, forest inventory and organised their exploitation. Of particular importance is the work in
311:
Genko began his professional activities as inspector in the province of Vilnius in Bialowieza, in 1862 in the
478:
365:
530:
316:
154:
783:
778:
312:
247:
481:. Peter (1886-1913) became a forester and committed suicide. Alexander (1894-?) left the Faculty of
490:
324:
282:
58:
743:
A.V Havronin : Forest belts in the watersheds of south-eastern steppes of Samara Volga. Ibid.
663:
Willow farm in the floodplain of Volga river (Introductory Report to the VIIth Forestry Congress)
485:
of Saint Petersburg University, graduated from the Vladimir Military Academy and later joined the
482:
328:
235:
489:: his further destiny is unknown. Anatoly (1896-1941) became a famous linguist, specializing in
740:
V. A Bugaev, A.N Smoljanov, M.T Serikov: N.K Genko - Founder of the steppe afforestation. Ibid.
589:
536:
412:
254:
159:
112:
54:
581:, the forest area of Doubovo-Oumet was named in his honour and a memorial plate established.
258:
223:
712:
V.T Sobiczewski, In memory of Nestor Karlovich v Genko // Journal of Forestry. 1904. 1st ed
246:), was a scientist in the field of forestry, known for creation of the world's first major
462:
728:
D. M Giryayev Prominent foresters of the country // Forestry. 1989. N°12 St. Petersburg.
715:
L.I Yashnov In memory of Nestor Karlovich v Genko // Journal of Forestry. 1904. 1st ed.
429:
and Genko attended and participated in the debates. Everyone realized that this was his "
585:
501:
400:
278:
102:
92:
62:
762:
578:
380:
732:
458:
250:
670:
Instructions for installation of cottages in Imperial Estates St. Petersburg. 1893
606:
Instructions for installation of cottages in Imperial Estates St. Petersburg, 1883
656:
On damage caused by the peppered moth to pine forests in the basin of river Sura
673:
Development of forests and water gathering dams in steppes St. Petersburg. 1896
630:
On the establishment of an office of forest technology at the Forest Institute
486:
474:
124:
470:
466:
430:
404:
238:, province of Kurland, Russian Empire – January, 28 (February 10) 1904 in
623:
On the natural change of coniferous to deciduous species, and vice versa
408:
384:
340:
274:
189:
509:
392:
348:
320:
521:
The merits of Genko were rewarded by numerous awards and decorations.
505:
497:
441:
437:
396:
376:
352:
286:
243:
239:
80:
461:
and regional historian. Cyril (1889-1937) became a professor of the
419:
749:
N.V Romanov Windbreak forest belts, part of the landscape. Ibid.
687:. 1902. N°5 and 6, 1903 N° 1 (also published as a separate book)
683:
Characteristics and historical data about the Bialowieza Forest
426:
425:
The 1903 all-Russia Congress of Forest Management took place in
369:
789:
Russian military personnel of the Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878)
391:
climate of the steppes, the pernicious action of hot winds and
319:. For his outstanding contribution, in 1864, Genko was sent to
172:
Medal for the commemoration of the reign of Tsar Alexander III
555:
Medal for the commemoration of the reign of Tsar Alexander III
418:
The forests which have changed the climate of the "beyond the
504:, Russia. Several descendants of his oldest daughter live in
444:) where he died on January 28, 1904, and was buried there.
436:
In December 1903, he was released for medical treatment in
170:
Medal for the organisation of civil government in Bulgaria
703:
552:
Medal for the organisation of civil government in Bulgaria
500:. His daughter and the family of the youngest son live in
315:
and in 1863 in the Vyatka province for the management of
168:
Commemorative medal of the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–78
359:
Service in the administration of the Imperial Estates
383:(1884-1904) ranks him as a pioneer in this field of
204:
Saint Petersburg Institute of Forestry and Surveying
616:On the loss of forest in the South Russian steppes
372:trees in various soil and geographical conditions.
195:
185:
145:
133:
118:
108:
98:
88:
69:
40:
21:
794:Recipients of the Order of St. Vladimir, 3rd class
752:A. A Tchemodanov Let us keep Genko's forests Ibid.
375:The long lasting activity of Genko in the area of
733:http://aglos2006.narod.ru/Literatura/K_genko.djvu
351:and Demoti district, then as police commander of
347:, he remained in Bulgaria first as chief of the
570:
539:2nd degree with swords (for bravery during the
162:2nd degree with swords (for bravery during the
799:Recipients of the Order of St. Anna, 2nd class
731:V. I Panov The origins of a great experiment.
323:for one year. Back to Russia he worked in the
8:
644:On statistics of forests in European Russia
558:Medal for the 100 years of Imperial Estates
174:Medal for the 100 years of Imperial Estates
473:and a builder. All three were shot by the
29:
18:
746:I. M Shabalin Green protections Ibid.
395:, as well as preventing formation of
123:
7:
652:(also published as a separate book)
307:Service in the Forest Administration
676:Obituary (A. R Vargas de Bedemar)
200:Administration of Imperial Estates
14:
774:Foresters from the Russian Empire
769:Inventors from the Russian Empire
737:I. F Kokova Two portraits. Ibid.
646:Annex to the Journal of Forestry
335:Service in the Russo-Turkish War
469:. Evgeniy (1892-1937) became a
1:
399:. In the arid steppes of the
166:and crossing of the Balkans)
543:and crossing of the Balkans)
263:Russo-Turkish War of 1877–78
261:. He was also a hero of the
164:Russo-Turkish War of 1877–78
548:Russo-Turkish War (1877–78)
546:Commemorative medal of the
541:Russo-Turkish War (1877–78)
455:Saint Petersburg University
138:
815:
477:in 1937, and posthumously
317:naval construction forests
525:Order of Saint Stanislaus
257:, located in the east of
227:
209:
178:
150:Order of Saint Stanislaus
28:
698:Publications about Genko
637:On forests in Kakheti
575:
516:Awards and decorations
216:Nestor Karlovich Genko
23:Nestor Karlovich Genko
704:Нестор Карлович Генко
609:Letter to the editor
601:Publications by Genko
531:Order of St. Vladimir
228:Нестор Карлович Генко
155:Order of St. Vladimir
313:Orenburg Governorate
248:watershed protection
122:Maria Aleksandrovna
706:at n-genko.narod.ru
685:Journal of Forestry
678:Journal of Forestry
665:Journal of Forestry
658:Journal of Forestry
639:Journal of Forestry
632:Journal of Forestry
625:Journal of Forestry
618:Journal of Forestry
611:Journal of Forestry
491:Caucasian languages
329:Kaluga Governorates
283:province of Kurland
59:Kurland Governorate
483:Oriental Languages
236:Grodno Governorate
537:Order of St. Anna
457:and was known as
366:Bielowieza Forest
255:Genko Forest Belt
213:
212:
180:Scientific career
160:Order of St. Anna
113:Genko Forest Belt
16:Russian scientist
806:
660:. 1889. N°1 (2-)
269:The Genko family
259:Ulyanovsk Oblast
229:
128:
76:
73:10 February 1904
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463:German language
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413:"Genko Forests"
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127: von Harff
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51:3 February 1839
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680:. 1902. 4th ed
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502:St. Petersburg
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285:, actually in
279:Russian Empire
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234:) 1839 in the
230:) January 22 (
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109:Known for
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77:(aged 65)
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63:Russian Empire
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590:Genko Forests
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579:Samara Region
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479:rehabilitated
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381:afforestation
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137:10 children (
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459:ethnographer
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253:system, the
219:
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196:Institutions
179:
75:(1904-02-10)
35:Nestor Genko
784:1904 deaths
779:1839 births
667:. 1889. N°4
627:. 1884. N°4
620:. 1886. N°3
563:In memoriam
379:protective
251:forest belt
157:3rd degree
152:1st degree
129:(1861–1909)
99:Citizenship
89:Nationality
763:Categories
596:References
533:3rd degree
527:1st degree
487:White Army
475:Bolsheviks
440:(southern
232:February 3
47:1839-02-03
641:1888. N°1
613:1886 N° 1
467:geography
431:swan song
405:Volgograd
298:Education
293:Biography
722:302–338.
648:for 1888
634:1886 N°5
471:surveyor
409:Voronezh
393:droughts
385:forestry
341:Kostroma
190:Forestry
139:see list
134:Children
83:, France
55:Tadayken
510:Vitebsk
397:ravines
349:Bourgas
345:the war
325:Vilnius
321:Prussia
224:Russian
103:Russian
93:Russian
586:Samara
506:Moscow
498:France
448:Family
442:France
438:Menton
401:Samara
377:steppe
353:Burgas
287:Latvia
244:France
240:Menton
186:Fields
146:Awards
119:Spouse
81:Menton
420:Volga
275:Thorn
220:Henko
508:and
465:and
427:Riga
407:and
370:pine
327:and
218:(or
70:Died
41:Born
125:née
765::
592:.
512:.
403:,
387:.
355:.
265:.
242:,
226::
222:,
61:,
57:,
141:)
49:)
45:(
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