684:, having received this designation in 1977. Members of this race have a tendency to be smaller than the other two races, with a record size of only 24 inches (61 cm). Atlantic salt marsh snakes have a color pattern of four dark stripes on the neck. which are replaced by a series of dark blotches or bands on the posterior portion of the snake's body. They are striped anteriorly, and banded or blotched posteriorly. The dorsal ground color of this species is gray to olive, and the anterior stripes may be darker than the ground color. It exhibits reddish belly scutes, with each bearing a yellowish midventral spot. The diet of this species is the same as the Gulf salt marsh snake, consisting of fish and
585:
central light line of cream-colored oval blotches, often flanked by a row of pale spots. The scales are in either 21 or 23 rows, and the anal plate is divided. There is little ontogenetic difference between juvenile to fully adult snakes. Individuals subsist on a diet of primarily fish, and especially shallows-living species such as killifish and small mullet, as well as crayfish and shrimp. Members of this race are primarily nocturnal during hot summer nights, but may be found basking and foraging during daylight hours in cool weather. Sexual maturity is reached at three years.
589:
35:
264:
54:
128:
83:
105:
647:
striping on the forebody) with a clouded, gray-green venter. Adults of the orange phase, on the other hand, have an unmarked orangish back and sides; juveniles of this phase are orange with dark dorsal crossbands. All orange snakes in this subspecies exhibit a pale yellow venter, regardless of age. This race is nocturnal.
641:
fish preyed upon by this subspecies; it also described this subspecies as a very sedentary predator that remained motionless until ripples in the water close to their bodies triggered predatory behavior. The study also found a tendency toward minimal foraging. This subspecies exhibits many colors and
521:
Salt marsh snakes grow to a total length (including tail) of 15–30 inches (38–76 cm). They are also highly variable in both pattern and coloration. Found most commonly in salt marshes, this snake inhabits brackish and saltwater habitats; it is also found hiding in crab burrows. Though salt marsh
584:
region of
Florida. They are characterized by their prominent stripes; members of this race can be gray, tan or yellow, but all exhibit four brown to black longitudinal stripes which run from the back of their neck to their tail. The belly is reversed in color from the dorsum, and is reddish with a
679:
between it and the mangrove salt marsh snake extend a county or two southward of
Volusia county. Much of its habitat has been lost due to commercial development of the area's ocean coastline, such as excessive filling and development in salt marshes. In fact, habitat loss is so severe for this
646:
with all other types of salt marsh snake, complicating the identification process. There are two primary forms: a gray-green color morph, and an orange variant. The gray-green variant has a dark crossbanded olive gray dorsum (some individuals that exhibit this color scheme have partial lateral
541:
is the only species to establish itself in this saline niche, drinking only rainwater when it is available, and at other times swallowing nothing but prey animals with the same diluted body fluids as their own. All water species of snake (including
546:
are typically considered to be non-venomous, though they do employ a complex series of enzymes in their saliva, resulting in some inflammation and edema to those who have been bitten.
1877:
2025:
522:
snakes are common throughout the territory they inhabit, they have a tendency to be wary and secretive, so they are rarely seen. All members of this species reproduce via
537:. Its scaly reptilian skin acts as a barrier against external dehydration, but, if ingested, seawater draws the less-salty fluid from blood and tissues into the stomach.
1768:
1178:
2030:
1995:
1820:
1145:
1990:
878:
1006:
554:
The salt marsh snake has three distinct subspecies, all of which were first discovered and classified in the mid to late 1800s. They are as follows:
1742:
1949:
1781:
2015:
629:
primarily inhabits inundated estuary forests of buttonwood and red mangroves, so as to minimize competition with
Florida's numerous freshwater
1846:
1621:
1090:
1052:
962:
2005:
1114:
642:
patterns and can be gray, green, or tan with darker banding or may even be solid reddish orange or straw yellow. It is also known to
1320:
1261:
688:. As with the Gulf salt marsh snake, this subspecies is diurnal during cool weather, and nocturnal during the hot summer nights.
2020:
1962:
1908:
576:, and is certainly the one with the furthest range. Populations of the Gulf salt marsh snake natively range from the vicinity of
112:
1954:
1786:
1605:
1461:
753:
253:
1170:
1538:
1249:
834:
681:
668:
408:
1308:
481:. Different subspecies of this snake are primarily identified via color patterns on each snake's belly, or anterior.
1825:
1137:
1212:
2010:
903:
870:
127:
34:
1586:(1860). "Descriptions of New Species of North American Serpents in the Museum of the Smithsonian Institution".
735:
588:
802:
1499:
1457:
998:
749:
743:
664:
581:
567:
490:
356:
249:
1682:
1359:
530:. Furthermore, all forms of this species may be distinguished as having either 21 or 23 rows of scales.
577:
232:
1506:. Vol. I. Taylor and Francis, printers. London: Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History).
263:
1967:
1913:
1720:
1670:
1548:
1408:
1561:
1404:
921:
779:
343:
72:
1890:
1812:
53:
1634:
1543:
What Snake Is That?: A Field Guide to the Snakes of the United States East of the Rocky
Mountains
1518:
1479:
1427:
1378:
1333:
1282:
972:
950:
853:
849:
829:
306:
122:
533:
The seawater they inhabit exerts a continual draw on their tissue's electrolyte balance, due to
1773:
1859:
1729:
1617:
1609:
1316:
1257:
1086:
1048:
958:
634:
421:
1900:
2000:
1872:
1864:
1583:
1234:
824:
766:
702:
330:
1799:
1833:
1660:
1646:
1530:
1491:
1439:
1390:
1363:
1345:
1294:
1106:
984:
505:
395:
391:
946:
676:
643:
622:
466:
378:
1984:
1794:
815:
806:
458:
92:
87:
875:
NatureServe
Network Biodiversity Location Data accessed through NatureServe Explorer
1940:
1734:
447:
1885:
1807:
1755:
1714:
527:
727:
685:
630:
523:
462:
199:
1705:
638:
614:
501:
498:
139:
1237:
1838:
1934:
1699:
451:
179:
159:
1200:
1747:
672:
610:
534:
474:
443:
209:
169:
1760:
663:), in its pure form is restricted to a small stretch of coastline in
149:
1676:
1616:. Boston and New York: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. pp. 414–415.
1665:
680:
subspecies that it has been listed as a
Threatened Species by the
618:
609:
The mangrove salt marsh snake's native range of populations is in
587:
470:
454:
189:
1851:
478:
1680:
1256:(Second ed.). Boston: Houghton Mifflin. pp. 147–148.
1588:
Proceedings of the
Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia
1468:. Washington, District of Columbia: Smithsonian Institution.
1313:
Nerodia fasciata clarki, N. f. compressicauda, N. f. taeniata
1043:
Bartlett, Richard D.; Bartlett, Patricia (16 December 2003).
271:
Nerodia clarkii resides in coastal areas in shaded counties.
1045:
1551:); Frontispiece map + viii + 163 pp. + Plates A-c, 1–32. (
621:
and northward along the
Atlantic coast to the vicinity of
957:. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 55.
572:
This is perhaps the most prominent of the three races of
1138:"Mangrove Saltmarsh Snake Herpetofauna Field Methods"
1545:. New York and London: D. Appleton-Century Company.
1924:
1689:
1504:
Containing the
Families ... Colubridæ Aglyphæ, part
1085:(1st ed.). Gulf Publishing. pp. 151–153.
659:
A third subspecies, the Atlantic salt marsh snake (
1370:. New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons. pp. 222–224.
877:. Arlington, Virginia: NatureServe. 7 April 2023.
1661:Texas Parks & Wildlife: Gulf Salt Marsh Snake
1415:. Ithaca and London: Comstock. pp. 515–522.
1175:Florida Fish And Wildlife Conservation Commission
1047:. University Press of Florida. pp. 81–83.
706:. Others consider not only the three races of
700:to be subspecies of the southern water snake,
1564:(1895). "On some new North American Snakes".
734:are recognized as being valid, including the
8:
1417:1,105 pp. (in 2 volumes) , Figures 151–154;
1368:Natrix sipedon clarkii, N. s. compressicauda
1315:. New York: Golden Press. pp. 156–157.
904:"Nerodia clarkii (BAIRD & GIRARD, 1853)"
830:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2007.RLTS.T63852A12722122.en
477:, with an additional population in northern
1421:, pp. 541–544, Figure 161; Map 40 on p. 491
1413:Natrix sipedon clarki, N. s. compressicauda
1677:
262:
103:
81:
52:
33:
22:
1555:, pp. 105–106 + Plate 20, Figure 57)
1107:"Gulf Salt Marsh Snake (Nerodia clarkii)"
828:
696:Some sources consider the three races of
461:. Their range extends along the brackish
1209:Environmental Conservation Online System
794:
1642:
1632:
1526:
1516:
1487:
1477:
1435:
1425:
1386:
1376:
1341:
1331:
1290:
1280:
980:
970:
2031:Taxa named by Spencer Fullerton Baird
2026:Taxa named by Charles Frédéric Girard
1996:NatureServe apparently secure species
1165:
1163:
898:
896:
837:from the original on 24 December 2017
7:
1211:. U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service.
1148:from the original on 9 February 2023
1076:
1074:
1072:
1070:
1068:
1066:
1064:
1038:
1036:
1034:
1032:
1030:
1028:
1026:
1024:
865:
863:
1991:IUCN Red List least concern species
816:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
637:to be the most common of the small
1117:from the original on 16 April 2023
1083:A Field Guide to Snakes of Florida
1081:Tennant, Alan (28 February 1997).
1009:from the original on 20 March 2023
14:
1276:, pp. 148-149; Plate 21; Map 101)
1215:from the original on 8 April 2023
1136:Pettit, Rebekah (9 August 2018).
881:from the original on 8 April 2023
1181:from the original on 21 May 2023
714:itself, all to be subspecies of
126:
1599:, new species, pp. 335–336
18:Species of North American snake
762:Nerodia clarkii compressicauda
627:N. c. compressicauda
603:N. c. compressicauda
508:John Henry Clark (1830–1885).
1:
2016:Reptiles of the United States
1575:Natrix compressicauda tæniata
364:Natrix compressicauda tæniata
1201:"Atlantic salt marsh snake (
682:US Fish and Wildlife Service
469:and the Atlantic Coast from
1541:; Bridges, William (1939).
1171:"Atlantic salt marsh snake"
953:; Grayson, Michael (2011).
784:– Atlantic salt marsh snake
771:– mangrove salt marsh snake
651:Atlantic salt marsh snake (
601:Mangrove salt marsh snake (
2047:
2006:Reptiles described in 1853
565:
512:Description and subspecies
457:found in the southeastern
320:— Baird & Girard, 1853
293:Atlantic salt marsh snake:
284:Mangrove salt marsh snake:
1473:, new species, p. 48
312:
305:
270:
261:
238:
231:
123:Scientific classification
121:
101:
79:
70:
62:N. clarkii compressicauda
60:
51:
43:N. clarkii compressicauda
41:
32:
25:
1203:Nerodia clarkii taeniata
955:Nerodia fasciata clarkii
775:Nerodia clarkii taeniata
736:nominotypical subspecies
661:N. c. taeniata
653:N. c. taeniata
438:, commonly known as the
297:
288:
278:
2021:Snakes of North America
1594:. Washington: 328–338.
926:ufwildlife.ifas.ufl.edu
758:– Gulf salt marsh snake
744:Nerodia clarkii clarkii
710:, but also the species
594:N. clarkii clarkii
592:Gulf salt marsh snake (
568:Nerodia clarkii clarkii
558:Gulf salt marsh snake (
1597:Nerodia compressicauda
1553:Natrix sipedon clarkii
1547:(With 108 drawings by
1254:Natrix fasciata clarki
1003:Florida Snake ID Guide
922:"Saltmarsh Watersnake"
597:
403:Natrix fasciata clarki
386:Natrix sipedon clarkii
325:Nerodia compressicauda
274:Gulf salt marsh snake:
823:: e.T63852A12722122.
625:. Within this range,
591:
578:Corpus Christi, Texas
373:Natrix compressicauda
1671:Encyclopedia of Life
1510:Tropidonotus clarkii
1372:Figure 72 on p. 221
1274:N. f. compressicauda
908:reptile-database.org
726:The following three
351:Tropidonotus clarkii
1566:American Naturalist
517:General description
73:Conservation status
66:normal color phase
1508:Plates I-XXVIII. (
852:}}: old-form url (
635:sheepshead minnows
598:
109:Apparently Secure
1978:
1977:
1860:Open Tree of Life
1683:Taxon identifiers
1666:"Nerodia clarkii"
1623:978-0-544-12997-9
1584:Kennicott, Robert
1142:Reptiles Magazine
1092:978-0-87719-291-6
1054:978-0-8130-2636-7
999:"Saltmarsh Snake"
964:978-1-4214-0135-5
871:"Nerodia clarkii"
783:
770:
757:
497:, is in honor of
431:
430:
116:
96:
2038:
2011:Reptiles of Cuba
1971:
1970:
1958:
1957:
1945:
1944:
1943:
1917:
1916:
1904:
1903:
1894:
1893:
1881:
1880:
1868:
1867:
1855:
1854:
1842:
1841:
1829:
1828:
1816:
1815:
1803:
1802:
1790:
1789:
1777:
1776:
1764:
1763:
1751:
1750:
1738:
1737:
1725:
1724:
1723:
1710:
1709:
1708:
1678:
1650:
1644:
1640:
1638:
1630:
1601:
1579:
1577:, new subspecies
1557:
1534:
1528:
1524:
1522:
1514:
1495:
1489:
1485:
1483:
1475:
1466:Part I.—Serpents
1444:
1443:
1437:
1433:
1431:
1423:
1401:
1395:
1394:
1388:
1384:
1382:
1374:
1356:
1350:
1349:
1343:
1339:
1337:
1329:
1305:
1299:
1298:
1292:
1288:
1286:
1278:
1246:
1240:
1231:
1225:
1224:
1222:
1220:
1197:
1191:
1190:
1188:
1186:
1167:
1158:
1157:
1155:
1153:
1133:
1127:
1126:
1124:
1122:
1103:
1097:
1096:
1078:
1059:
1058:
1040:
1019:
1018:
1016:
1014:
995:
989:
988:
982:
978:
976:
968:
951:Watkins, Michael
943:
937:
936:
934:
932:
918:
912:
911:
900:
891:
890:
888:
886:
867:
858:
857:
846:
844:
842:
832:
799:
777:
764:
747:
712:N. fasciata
703:Nerodia fasciata
633:. A study found
544:N. clarkii)
440:salt marsh snake
425:
412:
399:
382:
369:
360:
347:
334:
321:
300:
298:
291:
289:
281:
279:
266:
244:
131:
130:
110:
107:
106:
90:
85:
84:
56:
47:red color phase
37:
23:
2046:
2045:
2041:
2040:
2039:
2037:
2036:
2035:
1981:
1980:
1979:
1974:
1966:
1961:
1953:
1948:
1939:
1938:
1933:
1920:
1912:
1907:
1899:
1897:
1889:
1884:
1876:
1871:
1863:
1858:
1850:
1845:
1837:
1834:Observation.org
1832:
1824:
1819:
1811:
1806:
1798:
1793:
1785:
1780:
1772:
1767:
1759:
1754:
1746:
1741:
1733:
1728:
1721:Nerodia clarkii
1719:
1718:
1713:
1704:
1703:
1698:
1691:Nerodia clarkii
1685:
1657:
1641:
1631:
1624:
1614:Nerodia clarkii
1604:
1582:
1560:
1537:
1525:
1515:
1500:Boulenger, G.A.
1498:
1486:
1476:
1456:
1453:
1451:Further reading
1448:
1447:
1434:
1424:
1403:
1402:
1398:
1385:
1375:
1358:
1357:
1353:
1340:
1330:
1323:
1307:
1306:
1302:
1289:
1279:
1264:
1248:
1247:
1243:
1232:
1228:
1218:
1216:
1199:
1198:
1194:
1184:
1182:
1169:
1168:
1161:
1151:
1149:
1135:
1134:
1130:
1120:
1118:
1105:
1104:
1100:
1093:
1080:
1079:
1062:
1055:
1042:
1041:
1022:
1012:
1010:
997:
996:
992:
979:
969:
965:
945:
944:
940:
930:
928:
920:
919:
915:
902:
901:
894:
884:
882:
869:
868:
861:
847:
840:
838:
809:Nerodia clarkii
803:Hammerson, G.A.
801:
800:
796:
791:
732:N. clarkii
724:
716:N. sipedon
708:N. clarkii
698:N. clarkii
694:
657:
607:
574:N. clarkii
570:
564:
552:
539:N. clarkii
519:
514:
487:
450:, nonvenomous,
435:Nerodia clarkii
420:— Conant &
419:
418:
416:Nerodia clarkii
406:
405:
389:
388:
376:
375:
367:
366:
354:
353:
341:
340:
328:
327:
319:
318:
296:
295:
287:
286:
282:
277:
276:
257:
246:
242:Nerodia clarkii
240:
227:
224:N. clarkii
125:
117:
108:
104:
97:
86:
82:
75:
65:
46:
27:Nerodia clarkii
19:
12:
11:
5:
2044:
2042:
2034:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1983:
1982:
1976:
1975:
1973:
1972:
1959:
1946:
1930:
1928:
1926:Regina clarkii
1922:
1921:
1919:
1918:
1905:
1895:
1882:
1869:
1856:
1843:
1830:
1817:
1804:
1791:
1778:
1765:
1752:
1739:
1726:
1711:
1695:
1693:
1687:
1686:
1681:
1675:
1674:
1663:
1656:
1655:External links
1653:
1652:
1651:
1622:
1608:; Conant, R.;
1606:Powell, Robert
1602:
1580:
1558:
1549:Edmond Malnate
1535:
1512:, p. 238)
1496:
1471:Regina clarkii
1452:
1449:
1446:
1445:
1419:N. f. taeniata
1396:
1351:
1321:
1300:
1270:N. f. taeniata
1262:
1241:
1226:
1192:
1159:
1128:
1111:tpwd.texas.gov
1098:
1091:
1060:
1053:
1020:
990:
963:
938:
913:
892:
859:
793:
792:
790:
787:
786:
785:
772:
759:
723:
720:
693:
690:
656:
649:
623:Cape Canaveral
606:
599:
566:Main article:
563:
556:
551:
548:
526:, and all are
518:
515:
513:
510:
486:
483:
467:Gulf of Mexico
429:
428:
427:
426:
413:
400:
383:
370:
361:
348:
338:Natrix clarkii
335:
322:
316:Regina clarkii
310:
309:
303:
302:
268:
267:
259:
258:
247:
236:
235:
229:
228:
221:
219:
215:
214:
207:
203:
202:
197:
193:
192:
187:
183:
182:
177:
173:
172:
167:
163:
162:
157:
153:
152:
147:
143:
142:
137:
133:
132:
119:
118:
102:
99:
98:
80:
77:
76:
71:
68:
67:
58:
57:
49:
48:
39:
38:
30:
29:
17:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2043:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1988:
1986:
1969:
1964:
1960:
1956:
1951:
1947:
1942:
1936:
1932:
1931:
1929:
1927:
1923:
1915:
1910:
1906:
1902:
1896:
1892:
1887:
1883:
1879:
1874:
1870:
1866:
1861:
1857:
1853:
1848:
1844:
1840:
1835:
1831:
1827:
1822:
1818:
1814:
1809:
1805:
1801:
1796:
1792:
1788:
1783:
1779:
1775:
1770:
1766:
1762:
1757:
1753:
1749:
1744:
1740:
1736:
1731:
1727:
1722:
1716:
1712:
1707:
1701:
1697:
1696:
1694:
1692:
1688:
1684:
1679:
1673:
1672:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1658:
1654:
1648:
1636:
1629:
1625:
1619:
1615:
1611:
1610:Collins, J.T.
1607:
1603:
1600:
1598:
1593:
1589:
1585:
1581:
1578:
1576:
1571:
1567:
1563:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1550:
1544:
1540:
1539:Conant, Roger
1536:
1532:
1520:
1513:
1511:
1505:
1501:
1497:
1493:
1481:
1474:
1472:
1467:
1463:
1459:
1455:
1454:
1450:
1441:
1429:
1422:
1420:
1414:
1410:
1406:
1400:
1397:
1392:
1380:
1373:
1369:
1365:
1361:
1355:
1352:
1347:
1335:
1328:
1324:
1322:0-307-13666-3
1318:
1314:
1310:
1304:
1301:
1296:
1284:
1277:
1275:
1271:
1265:
1263:0-395-19979-4
1259:
1255:
1251:
1245:
1242:
1239:
1236:
1230:
1227:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1204:
1196:
1193:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1166:
1164:
1160:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1132:
1129:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1102:
1099:
1094:
1088:
1084:
1077:
1075:
1073:
1071:
1069:
1067:
1065:
1061:
1056:
1050:
1046:
1039:
1037:
1035:
1033:
1031:
1029:
1027:
1025:
1021:
1008:
1004:
1000:
994:
991:
986:
974:
966:
960:
956:
952:
948:
942:
939:
927:
923:
917:
914:
909:
905:
899:
897:
893:
880:
876:
872:
866:
864:
860:
855:
851:
836:
831:
826:
822:
818:
817:
812:
810:
804:
798:
795:
788:
781:
776:
773:
768:
763:
760:
755:
751:
746:
745:
741:
740:
739:
737:
733:
729:
721:
719:
717:
713:
709:
705:
704:
699:
691:
689:
687:
683:
678:
674:
670:
666:
662:
654:
650:
648:
645:
640:
636:
632:
628:
624:
620:
616:
612:
604:
600:
595:
590:
586:
583:
579:
575:
569:
561:
560:N. c. clarkii
557:
555:
549:
547:
545:
540:
536:
531:
529:
525:
516:
511:
509:
507:
503:
500:
496:
492:
491:specific name
484:
482:
480:
476:
472:
468:
464:
460:
459:United States
456:
453:
449:
445:
441:
437:
436:
423:
417:
414:
410:
404:
401:
397:
393:
387:
384:
380:
374:
371:
365:
362:
358:
352:
349:
345:
339:
336:
332:
326:
323:
317:
314:
313:
311:
308:
304:
301:
294:
285:
275:
269:
265:
260:
255:
251:
245:
243:
237:
234:
233:Binomial name
230:
226:
225:
220:
217:
216:
213:
212:
208:
205:
204:
201:
198:
195:
194:
191:
188:
185:
184:
181:
178:
175:
174:
171:
168:
165:
164:
161:
158:
155:
154:
151:
148:
145:
144:
141:
138:
135:
134:
129:
124:
120:
114:
100:
94:
89:
88:Least Concern
78:
74:
69:
63:
59:
55:
50:
44:
40:
36:
31:
28:
24:
21:
16:
1925:
1690:
1669:
1627:
1613:
1596:
1595:
1591:
1587:
1574:
1573:
1569:
1565:
1552:
1546:
1542:
1509:
1507:
1503:
1470:
1469:
1465:
1462:Girard, C.F.
1418:
1416:
1412:
1399:
1371:
1367:
1354:
1326:
1312:
1309:Brodie ED Jr
1303:
1273:
1269:
1268:Plates 1-48
1267:
1253:
1244:
1229:
1217:. Retrieved
1208:
1202:
1195:
1183:. Retrieved
1174:
1150:. Retrieved
1141:
1131:
1119:. Retrieved
1110:
1101:
1082:
1044:
1011:. Retrieved
1002:
993:
954:
941:
929:. Retrieved
925:
916:
907:
883:. Retrieved
874:
839:. Retrieved
820:
814:
808:
797:
774:
761:
742:
731:
725:
715:
711:
707:
701:
697:
695:
669:Indian River
660:
658:
652:
626:
608:
602:
596:) in Florida
593:
582:Gulf Hammock
573:
571:
559:
553:
543:
538:
532:
528:semi-aquatic
520:
494:
488:
463:salt marshes
448:semi-aquatic
439:
434:
433:
432:
415:
402:
385:
372:
363:
350:
337:
324:
315:
292:
283:
273:
272:
241:
239:
223:
222:
210:
61:
42:
26:
20:
15:
1886:SeaLifeBase
1808:NatureServe
1756:iNaturalist
1715:Wikispecies
1643:|work=
1572:: 676–677.
1527:|work=
1488:|work=
1458:Baird, S.F.
1436:|work=
1387:|work=
1342:|work=
1327:Plates 1-48
1291:|work=
981:|work=
947:Beolens, Bo
841:23 December
686:crustaceans
677:intergrades
675:. However,
113:NatureServe
1985:Categories
1941:Q107333342
1562:Cope, E.D.
1360:Schmidt KP
1272:, p. 148;
789:References
728:subspecies
722:Subspecies
671:Counties,
644:intergrade
631:natricines
550:Subspecies
524:live birth
506:naturalist
368:Cope, 1895
200:Colubridae
186:Suborder:
1645:ignored (
1635:cite book
1529:ignored (
1519:cite book
1490:ignored (
1480:cite book
1438:ignored (
1428:cite book
1409:Wright AA
1405:Wright AH
1389:ignored (
1379:cite book
1344:ignored (
1334:cite book
1293:ignored (
1283:cite book
983:ignored (
973:cite book
850:cite iucn
767:Kennicott
639:estuarine
617:south to
615:Tampa Bay
580:, to the
485:Etymology
357:Boulenger
331:Kennicott
218:Species:
190:Serpentes
146:Kingdom:
140:Eukaryota
1935:Wikidata
1813:2.103618
1774:11314185
1700:Wikidata
1628:Plate 40
1612:(2016).
1502:(1893).
1464:(1853).
1411:(1957).
1366:(1941).
1364:Davis DD
1311:(1982).
1252:(1975).
1250:Conant R
1213:Archived
1179:Archived
1146:Archived
1115:Archived
1007:Archived
879:Archived
835:Archived
805:(2007).
692:Taxonomy
502:surveyor
499:American
452:colubrid
307:Synonyms
196:Family:
180:Squamata
170:Reptilia
160:Chordata
156:Phylum:
150:Animalia
136:Domain:
93:IUCN 3.1
2001:Nerodia
1968:1377336
1901:8052087
1878:clarkii
1826:1042986
1748:5223375
1706:Q589568
1668:at the
1219:7 April
885:7 April
782:, 1895)
769:, 1860)
756:, 1853)
673:Florida
665:Volusia
613:, from
611:Florida
535:osmosis
495:clarkii
475:Florida
465:of the
444:species
442:, is a
422:Collins
392:Schmidt
379:Barbour
256:, 1853)
211:Nerodia
206:Genus:
176:Order:
166:Class:
111: (
91: (
1955:209371
1914:405991
1898:uBio:
1891:131377
1865:292449
1852:405991
1839:101642
1787:209370
1620:
1319:
1260:
1185:2 June
1152:2 June
1121:2 June
1089:
1051:
1013:2 June
961:
931:4 June
754:Girard
752:&
424:, 1991
411:, 1975
409:Conant
398:, 1941
394:&
381:, 1915
359:, 1893
346:, 1892
333:, 1860
299:
290:
280:
254:Girard
252:&
1963:WoRMS
1909:WoRMS
1800:63852
1769:IRMNG
1761:29323
1735:476BD
1238:60743
750:Baird
619:Miami
471:Texas
455:snake
396:Davis
250:Baird
1950:ITIS
1847:OBIS
1821:NCBI
1795:IUCN
1782:ITIS
1743:GBIF
1647:help
1618:ISBN
1531:help
1492:help
1440:help
1391:help
1346:help
1317:ISBN
1295:help
1258:ISBN
1221:2023
1187:2023
1154:2023
1123:2023
1087:ISBN
1049:ISBN
1015:2023
985:help
959:ISBN
933:2023
887:2023
854:help
843:2017
821:2007
780:Cope
667:and
504:and
489:The
479:Cuba
344:Cope
1730:CoL
1233:42
825:doi
730:of
473:to
446:of
1987::
1965::
1952::
1937::
1911::
1888::
1875::
1873:RD
1862::
1849::
1836::
1823::
1810::
1797::
1784::
1771::
1758::
1745::
1732::
1717::
1702::
1639::
1637:}}
1633:{{
1626:.
1592:12
1590:.
1570:29
1568:.
1523::
1521:}}
1517:{{
1484::
1482:}}
1478:{{
1460:;
1432::
1430:}}
1426:{{
1407:;
1383::
1381:}}
1377:{{
1362:;
1338::
1336:}}
1332:{{
1325:.
1287::
1285:}}
1281:{{
1266:.
1235:FR
1207:.
1205:)"
1177:.
1173:.
1162:^
1144:.
1140:.
1113:.
1109:.
1063:^
1023:^
1005:.
1001:.
977::
975:}}
971:{{
949:;
924:.
906:.
895:^
873:.
862:^
848:{{
833:.
819:.
813:.
738:.
718:.
493:,
407:—
390:—
377:—
355:—
342:—
329:—
64:,
45:,
1649:)
1533:)
1494:)
1442:)
1393:)
1348:)
1297:)
1223:.
1189:.
1156:.
1125:.
1095:.
1057:.
1017:.
987:)
967:.
935:.
910:.
889:.
856:)
845:.
827::
811:"
807:"
778:(
765:(
748:(
655:)
605:)
562:)
248:(
115:)
95:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
