980:
charter, holding quarterly meetings of the legislature and electing colony-wide officials, while Treat and Andros negotiated over the surrender of the charter. In
October 1687, Andros finally decided to travel to Connecticut to personally see to the matter. He arrived in Hartford on October 31, accompanied by an honor guard, and met that evening with the colonial leadership. The Colonists lay the charter on a table for all to see during this meeting, but the lights suddenly went out. When the lights were relit, the charter had disappeared. It was said to have been hidden in a nearby oak tree (referred to afterward as the
67:
5222:
917:
Massachusetts had no pre-existing tax laws, so a scheme of taxation was developed that would apply to the entire dominion, developed by a committee of landowners. The first proposal derived its revenues from import duties, principally alcohol. After much debate, the committee adopted a different proposal, in essence reviving previous
Massachusetts tax laws. These laws had been unpopular with farmers who felt that the taxes were too high on livestock. In order to bring in immediate revenue, Andros also received approval to increase the import duties on alcohol.
1095:
attacks on the New
England frontier by Abenaki parties, who admitted that they were doing so in part because of French encouragement. The situation in Maine had also deteriorated again, with English colonists raiding Indian villages and shipping the captives to Boston. Andros castigated the Maine colonists for this and ordered the Indians to be released and returned to Maine, earning the hatred of the Maine settlers. He then returned to Maine with a significant force and began the construction of additional fortifications to protect the settlers, including
837:
81:
2514:
884:
112:
5210:
833:
would never suffer me to land again in this country, and thereupon began in a most arbitrary manner to assert their power higher than at any time before." Elections of colonial military officers were also compromised when many of them refused to serve. Dudley made a number of judicial appointments, generally favoring the political moderates who had supported accommodation of the king's wishes in the battle over the old charter.
1150:
717:. The American colonists resisted these laws, particularly in the New England colonies which had established significant trading networks with other English colonies and with European countries and their colonies, especially Spain and the Dutch Republic. The Navigation Acts also outlawed some existing New England practices, in effect turning merchants into smugglers while significantly increasing the cost of doing business.
786:
960:
process as a thinly veiled land grab. The
Puritans of Plymouth and Massachusetts Bay refused, some of whom had extensive landholdings. All of the existing land titles in Massachusetts had been granted under the now-vacated colonial charter; in essence, Andros declared them to be void and required landowners to recertify their ownership, paying fees to the dominion and becoming subject to the charge of a quit-rent.
5162:
3329:
1134:
Andros. Edward
Randolph attempted to stop him; Mather was arrested, tried, and exonerated on one charge, but Randolph made a second arrest warrant with new charges. Mather was clandestinely spirited aboard a ship bound for England in April 1688. He and other Massachusetts agents were well received by James, who promised in October 1688 that the colony's concerns would be addressed. However, the events of the
5172:
749:
competitors to
English merchants. They were now starting to develop workshops that threatened to deprive England of its lucrative colonial market for manufactured articles, such as textiles, leather goods, and ironware. The plan, therefore, was to establish a uniform all-powerful government over the northern colonies so that the people would be diverted away from manufacturing and foreign trade.
5198:
988:
847:
remaining taxes on the grounds that they had been enacted by the old government and were thus invalid. Dudley and
Randolph were largely unsuccessful at introducing the Church of England due to a lack of funding, but they were also hampered by the perceived political danger of imposing on the existing churches for their use.
959:
The manner in which Andros approached the issue was doubly divisive, since it threatened any landowner whose title was in any way dubious. Some landowners went through the confirmation process, but many refused, since they did not want to face the possibility of losing their land, and they viewed the
832:
Dudley's charter arrived in Boston on May 14, 1686, and he formally took charge of
Massachusetts on May 25. His rule did not begin auspiciously, since a number of Massachusetts magistrates refused to serve on his council. According to Edward Randolph, the Puritan magistrates "were of opinion that God
1133:
in May 1687, and
Increase Mather sent a letter to thank him for the declaration, and then he suggested to his peers that they also express gratitude to the king as a means to gain favor and influence. Ten pastors agreed to do so, and they decided to send Mather to England to press their case against
1026:
who came to Boston in early 1687 as part of Andros' honor guard and had been promoted to his council. During the summer of 1688, Andros traveled first to New York and then to the
Jerseys to establish his commission. Dominion governance of the Jerseys was complicated by the fact that the proprietors'
846:
Dudley was significantly hampered by the inability to raise revenues in the dominion. His commission did not allow the introduction of new revenue laws, and the Massachusetts government had repealed all such laws in 1683, anticipating the loss of the charter. Furthermore, many refused to pay the few
1219:
Agents for both colonies worked in England to rectify the charter issues, with Increase Mather petitioning the Lords of Trade for a restoration of the old Massachusetts charter. King William was informed that this would result in a return of the Puritan government, and he wanted to prevent that, so
1190:
News of the Boston revolt reached New York by April 26, but Lieutenant Governor Nicholson did not take any immediate action. Andros managed to send a message to Nicholson while in captivity. Nicholson received the request for assistance in mid-May, but he was unable to take any effective action due
920:
The first attempts to enforce the revenue laws were met by stiff resistance from a number of Massachusetts communities. Several towns refused to choose commissioners to assess the town population and estates, and officials from a number of them were consequently arrested and brought to Boston. Some
916:
After Andros' arrival, the council began a long process of harmonizing laws throughout the dominion to conform more closely to English laws. This work was so time-consuming that Andros issued a proclamation in March 1687 stating that pre-existing laws would remain in effect until they were revised.
1094:
Andros took over the administration of New York in August 1688, and he met with the Iroquois at Albany to renew the covenant. In this meeting, he annoyed the Iroquois by referring to them as "children" (subservient to the English) rather than "brethren" (equals). He returned to Boston amid further
937:
One consequence of the tax protest was that Andros sought to restrict town meetings, since these were where that protest had begun. He introduced a law that limited meetings to a single annual meeting, solely for the purpose of electing officials, and explicitly banning meetings at other times for
712:
sought to streamline the administration of these colonial territories. Charles and his government began a process that brought a number of the colonies under direct crown control. One reason for these actions was the cost of administration of individual colonies, but another significant reason was
761:
moved forward with plans to establish a unified administration over at least some of the New England colonies. The specific objectives of the dominion included the regulation of trade, reformation of land title practices to conform more to English methods and practices, coordination on matters of
979:
to surrender the colonial charter not long after his arrival in Boston. Connecticut officials formally acknowledged Andros' authority, unlike Rhode Island, whose officials acceded to the dominion but in fact did little to assist him. Connecticut continued to run their government according to the
950:
Andros dealt a major blow to the colonists by challenging their title to the land, as the great majority of Americans were land-owners unlike their English equals. Taylor says that they "regarded secure real estate as fundamental to their liberty, status, and prosperity", and the colonists "felt
748:
England's desire for colonies that produced agricultural staples worked well for the southern colonies, which produced tobacco, rice, and indigo, but not so well for New England due to the geology of the region. Lacking a suitable staple, the New Englanders engaged in trade and became successful
850:
Dudley and Randolph enforced the Navigation Acts, although they did not adhere entirely to the laws. Some variations were overlooked, understanding that certain provisions of the acts were unfair, and they suggested to the Lords of Trade that the laws be modified to ameliorate these conditions.
955:
as a means of raising colonial revenues. Titles issued in Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Maine under the colonial administration often suffered from defects of form such as lacking an imprint of the colonial seal, and most of them did not include a quit-rent payment. Land grants in colonial
744:
Massachusetts had a long history of virtually theocratic rule, and they exhibited little tolerance for non-Puritans, including supporters of the Church of England (which was most important for the king). Charles II repeatedly sought to change the Massachusetts government, but they resisted all
879:
Andros' commission called for governance by himself with a council. The initial composition of the council included representatives from each of the colonies which the dominion absorbed, but the council's quorums were dominated by representatives from Massachusetts and Plymouth because of the
1207:
The dissolution of the dominion presented legal problems for Massachusetts and Plymouth. Plymouth never had a royal charter, and the charter of Massachusetts had been revoked. As a result, the restored governments lacked legal foundations for their existence, an issue raised by the political
997:
Connecticut records show that its government formally surrendered its seals and ceased operation that day. Andros then traveled throughout the colony, making judicial and other appointments before returning to Boston. On December 29, 1687, the dominion council formally extended its laws over
1165:
containing news that the charter had been illegally annulled and that the magistrates should "prepare the minds of the people for a change." News of the revolution apparently reached some individuals as early as late March, and Bradstreet is one of several possible organizers of the
928:
The other provinces did not resist the imposition of the new law, even though the rates were higher than they had been under the previous colonial administration, at least in Rhode Island. Plymouth's relatively poor landowners were hard hit because of the high rates on livestock.
1170:
on April 18, 1689. He and other pre-Dominion magistrates and some members of Andros' council addressed an open letter to Andros on that day calling for his surrender. Andros, Randolph, Dudley, and other dominion supporters were arrested and imprisoned in Boston.
823:
had served as the crown agent investigating affairs in New England, and he was appointed to the council, as well. Randolph was also commissioned with a long list of other posts, including secretary of the dominion, collector of customs, and deputy postmaster.
870:
Andros had previously been governor of New York; he arrived in Boston on December 20, 1686 and immediately assumed power. He took a hard-line position, claiming that the colonists had left behind all their rights as Englishmen when they left England.
818:
Dudley's limited commission specified that he would rule with an appointed council and no representative legislature. The councilors named as members of this body included a cross-section of politically moderate men from the old colonial governments.
720:
Some of the New England colonies presented specific problems for the king, and combining those colonies into a single administrative entity was seen as a way to resolve those problems. Plymouth Colony had never been formally chartered, and the
1082:
harbored grievances against English settlers, and they began an offensive in early 1688. Andros made an expedition into Maine early in the year, in which he raided a number of Indian settlements. He also raided the trading outpost and home of
1174:
The dominion then effectively collapsed, as local authorities in each colony seized dominion representatives and reasserted their earlier power. In Plymouth, dominion councilor Nathaniel Clark was arrested on April 22, and previous governor
967:, but large landowners who owned many parcels contested these individually, rather than recertifying all of their lands. Few new titles were issued during the Andros regime; only about 20 were approved out of 200 applications.
875:
rallied his parishioners in 1687 to protest and resist taxes, so Andros had him arrested, convicted, and fined. An Andros official stated: "Mr. Wise, you have no more privileges Left you then not to be Sold for Slaves."
5149:
899:
Shortly after his arrival, Andros asked each of the Puritan churches in Boston if its meetinghouse could be used for services of the Church of England, but he was consistently rebuffed. He then demanded keys to
1191:
to rising tensions in New York, combined with the fact that most of Nicholson's troops had been sent to Maine. At the end of May, Nicholson was overthrown by local colonists supported by the militia in
1183:
refused to serve, and the colony continued without one. In Connecticut, the earlier government was also rapidly readopted. New Hampshire was temporarily left without formal government, and came under
677:
A number of English colonies were established in America and in the West Indies during the first half of the 17th century, with varying attributes. Some originated as commercial ventures, such as the
111:
1044:
4960:
951:
horrified by the sweeping and expensive challenge to their land titles." Andros had been instructed to bring colonial land title practices more in line with those in England, and to introduce
1161:
for restoration of the old Massachusetts charter. Mather furthermore convinced the Lords of Trade to delay notifying Andros of the revolution. He sent a letter to previous colonial governor
862:
in the dominion, based on a petition from Dudley's council. Andros's commission had been issued in June, and he was given an annex to his commission to incorporate them into the dominion.
851:
However, the Massachusetts economy suffered, also negatively affected by external circumstances. A dispute eventually occurred between Dudley and Randolph over matters related to trade.
5252:
3365:
661:. After these events, the colonies that had been assembled into the dominion reverted to their previous forms of government, although some governed formally without a charter. King
5267:
3819:
729:, the king's father. The territory of Maine was disputed by competing grantees and by Massachusetts, and New Hampshire was a very small, recently established crown colony. The
5247:
5282:
697:, despite its corporate beginning, while Massachusetts and other New England colonies had corporate charters and a great deal of administrative freedom. Other areas were
4533:
2800:
2634:
2466:
855:
690:
620:
584:. The dominion was unacceptable to most colonists because they deeply resented being stripped of their rights and having their colonial charters revoked. Governor
5257:
4692:
1031:. The dominion period in the Jerseys was relatively uneventful because of their distance from the power centers and the unexpected end of the Dominion in 1689.
1018:
were added to the Dominion on May 7, 1688. They were remote from Boston where Andros had his seat, so New York and the Jerseys were run by Lieutenant Governor
5287:
5120:
5103:
4981:
713:
the regulation of trade. Throughout the 1660s, the English Parliament passed a number of laws to regulate the trade of the colonies, collectively called the
4572:
2718:
4262:
4256:
3045:
3039:
643:. It was too large for a single governor to manage. Governor Andros was highly unpopular and was seen as a threat by most political factions. News of the
3358:
4318:
1199:
as its governor. Sloughter had Leisler tried on charges of high treason; he was convicted in a trial presided over by Joseph Dudley and then executed.
5292:
5272:
5262:
1084:
3186:
820:
5127:
Claimed in 1908; territory formed 1962; overlaps portions of Argentine and Chilean claims, borders not enforced but claim not renounced under the
745:
substantive attempts at reform. In 1683, legal proceedings were begun to vacate the Massachusetts charter; it was formally annulled in June 1684.
4166:
1099:. Andros spent the winter in Maine, and returned to Boston in March upon hearing rumors of revolution in England and discontentment in Boston.
4527:
3351:
3271:
2266:
2239:
2193:
2149:
2107:
301:
4865:
588:
tried to make legal and structural changes, but most of these were undone and the Dominion was overthrown as soon as word was received that
4475:
3701:
3100:
291:
938:
any reason. This loss of local power was widely hated. Many protests were made that the town meeting and tax laws were violations of the
4805:
3587:
3472:
1216:
in 1689. The cost of colonial defense resulted in a heavy tax burden, and the war also made it difficult to rebuild the colony's trade.
1068:
4523:
2997:
956:
Connecticut and Rhode Island had been made before either colony had a charter, and there were conflicting claims in a number of areas.
2343:
Stanwood, Owen (2007). "The Protestant Moment: Antipopery, the Revolution of 1688β1689, and the Making of an Anglo-American Empire".
1440:
Barth, Jonathan Edward (2014). "'A Peculiar Stampe of Our Owne': The Massachusetts Mint and the Battle over Sovereignty, 1652-1691".
4685:
3878:
3303:
3230:
1803:
66:
1212:
saw its defenders recalled in the aftermath of the revolt; that area was exposed to French and Indian raids after the outbreak of
5242:
4558:
4545:
3106:
2452:
1130:
5277:
4774:
4505:
2711:
1129:, were opposed to the rule of Andros and organized dissent targeted to influence the court in London. King James published the
779:
4104:
762:
defense, and a streamlining of the administration into fewer centers. The Dominion initially comprised the territories of the
532:
518:
504:
490:
465:
451:
437:
423:
5068:
4596:
4210:
3921:
3605:
807:, and his commission was withdrawn. The King issued a provisional commission on October 8, 1685 to Massachusetts Bay native
2459:
4878:
4642:
4393:
3731:
3663:
2830:
1221:
811:
as President of the Council of New England, due to delays in developing the commission for Kirke's intended successor Sir
1091:. His careful preservation of the Catholic Castin's chapel was a source of later accusations of "popery" against Andros.
4678:
4128:
4052:
4028:
4022:
3379:
80:
116:
Map of the Dominion, represented in dark red, as of 1688. Names of the constituent and neighboring colonies also shown.
5095:
4761:
3611:
3136:
730:
3112:
1179:
was reinstated. Rhode Island authorities resumed the colony's charter with elections on May 1, but previous governor
5188:
4833:
4610:
4584:
4481:
4250:
3332:
2842:
2836:
2704:
921:
were fined and released, while others were imprisoned until they promised to perform their duties. The leaders of
4767:
4723:
4445:
4156:
3831:
3801:
3559:
3343:
3118:
2942:
2782:
2624:
1420:
1071:
appealed for help, and King James ordered Andros to render assistance. James also entered into negotiations with
771:
608:
1027:
charters had been revoked, yet they had retained their property and petitioned Andros for what were traditional
4948:
4656:
4603:
4511:
4469:
4433:
4387:
4002:
3651:
3593:
2924:
2824:
2619:
1180:
763:
686:
612:
581:
573:
3834:. After recognised independence in 1980, Zimbabwe was a member of the Commonwealth until it withdrew in 2003.
904:'s Third Church in 1687, and services were held there under the auspices of Robert Ratcliff until 1688, when
803:
approved Kirke's commission later in 1685, but Kirke came under harsh criticism for his role in putting down
5165:
4997:
4872:
4840:
4821:
4487:
4381:
4090:
4034:
3410:
2967:
2408:
1015:
1011:
836:
804:
525:
511:
470:
456:
925:
had been most vocal in their opposition to the law; they were tried and convicted of misdemeanor offenses.
4636:
4617:
4493:
4457:
4229:
4217:
4116:
3996:
3984:
3872:
3827:
3815:
3446:
3295:
3198:
2812:
2685:
2499:
1493:
Hall, Michael G. (1979). "Origins in Massachusetts of the Constitutional Doctrine of Advice and Consent".
1410:
1391:
1237:
1208:
opponents of the leadership. This was particularly problematic in Massachusetts, whose long frontier with
1192:
1139:
1116:
922:
662:
654:
354:
194:
5175:
4781:
3936:
3713:
3695:
3504:
3435:
3142:
3076:
2991:
2513:
2489:
2095:
1252:
This is a list of the chief administrators of the Dominion of New England in America from 1684 to 1689:
1195:, and he fled to England. Leisler governed New York until 1691, when King William commissioned Colonel
872:
709:
565:
1213:
5226:
5124:; Ascension Island (1922β) and Tristan da Cunha (1938β) were previously dependencies of Saint Helena.
5086:
4904:
4817:
4751:
4729:
4630:
4590:
4499:
4463:
4401:
4326:
4078:
4014:
3749:
3743:
3737:
3242:
3236:
3212:
3160:
3033:
2955:
2818:
2788:
2738:
2644:
1415:
1241:
1225:
1007:
734:
726:
628:
497:
483:
442:
428:
148:
883:
4565:
4368:
4275:
4223:
4110:
4098:
4066:
3978:
3769:
3681:
3287:
3148:
3015:
2888:
2848:
2748:
2494:
1135:
1108:
1072:
800:
789:
705:
644:
589:
576:. The region's political structure was one of centralized control similar to the model used by the
296:
182:
144:
72:
5171:
2284:
Miller, Guy Howard (May 1968). "Rebellion in Zion: The Overthrow of the Dominion of New England".
1067:, a peace that Andros had negotiated in 1677 while he was governor of New York. New York Governor
4811:
4793:
4733:
4624:
4350:
4312:
4288:
4269:
4160:
3707:
3633:
3599:
3498:
3478:
3404:
3311:
3224:
3192:
2794:
2776:
2680:
2639:
2503:
2397:
2368:
2360:
1502:
1475:
1467:
1361:
1167:
1143:
1112:
859:
738:
698:
666:
648:
624:
334:
4757:
4375:
4340:
4072:
3960:
3908:
3902:
3886:
3725:
3719:
3669:
3639:
3569:
3279:
3021:
2906:
2758:
2727:
2545:
2540:
2426:
2380:
Steele, Ian K (March 1989). "Origins of Boston's Revolutionary Declaration of 18 April 1689".
2331:
2312:
2272:
2262:
2245:
2235:
2218:
2199:
2189:
2155:
2145:
2113:
2103:
1799:
1793:
1313:
1233:
1023:
1019:
991:
799:
to govern the dominion, but Charles died in February 1685 before the commission was approved.
775:
658:
593:
577:
266:
5128:
5061:
5053:
5045:
4973:
4884:
4852:
4739:
4539:
4451:
4236:
3762:
3755:
3657:
3542:
3487:
3051:
3027:
2961:
2936:
2894:
2753:
2561:
2389:
2352:
2293:
2137:
1457:
1449:
1162:
1056:
1052:
905:
722:
1220:
the Lords of Trade decided to solve the issue by combining the two colonies. The resulting
596:
into Massachusetts, whose Puritan leaders had previously refused to allow it any foothold.
5214:
5081:
4858:
4787:
4578:
4517:
4356:
4040:
3942:
3645:
3248:
3166:
3088:
2930:
2900:
2806:
2763:
2743:
2629:
2603:
2571:
2126:
The Origins of Empire: British Overseas Enterprise to the Close of the Seventeenth Century
1196:
1176:
1126:
767:
714:
682:
678:
616:
569:
2439:
Lord Churchill's coup: the Anglo-American empire and the Glorious Revolution reconsidered
592:
had vacated the throne in England. One notable change was the forced introduction of the
5209:
2420:
2306:
2212:
2085:
1338:
The Attorney General was an appointed executive officer of the Dominion of New England:
1149:
5202:
4966:
4954:
4799:
4415:
4344:
4333:
4122:
4084:
3990:
3954:
3948:
3914:
3452:
3375:
3206:
3180:
2876:
2297:
1158:
1064:
987:
901:
785:
758:
600:
5236:
5007:
4827:
4008:
3892:
3130:
2882:
2863:
2581:
2576:
2566:
2535:
2372:
2182:
2169:
1376:
1294:
1122:
1088:
1048:
888:
840:
812:
808:
604:
585:
238:
226:
1479:
1022:
from New York City. Nicholson was an army captain and protΓ©gΓ© of colonial secretary
17:
5037:
4745:
4306:
4300:
4281:
4046:
3781:
3688:
3627:
3621:
3154:
3009:
3003:
1096:
976:
694:
158:
2325:
701:, such as Maryland and Carolina, owned and operated by one or a few individuals.
5154:
4650:
4551:
4362:
3966:
3866:
3581:
3575:
3124:
3094:
2979:
2973:
2912:
2675:
2654:
2649:
2530:
1275:
1028:
981:
939:
796:
636:
632:
561:
4427:
4408:
4151:
3930:
3549:
3466:
3218:
3174:
2364:
2141:
2132:
Dunn, Randy (2007). "Patronage and Governance in Francis Nicholson's Empire".
1209:
1040:
952:
2276:
2159:
5073:
3926:
3675:
3459:
3082:
2430:
2422:
New Hampshire Without Provincial Government, 1689β1690: an Historical Sketch
2316:
2249:
2203:
1229:
880:
inconvenience of travel and the fact that travel costs were not reimbursed.
560:(1686β1689) was an administrative union of English colonies covering all of
2335:
2222:
975:
Andros' commission included Connecticut, and he asked Connecticut Governor
854:
The Lords of Trade decided on September 9, 1686 to include the colonies of
741:
between 1652 and 1682, which the English government considered treasonous.
2444:
2117:
1462:
757:
Following the revocation of the Massachusetts charter, Charles II and the
5001:
4916:
4195:
4147:
3896:
3823:
3809:
3805:
3775:
3563:
2918:
1453:
1060:
2327:
History of New England: History of New England During the Stuart Dynasty
1506:
1471:
1075:, which resulted in an easing of tensions on the northwestern frontier.
4910:
4243:
4203:
3796:
3553:
3512:
2597:
1521:
The Roots of American Civilization: A History of American Colonial Life
1079:
198:
2401:
998:
Connecticut, completing the assimilation of the New England colonies.
984:) so that a search of nearby buildings could not locate the document.
4920:
4295:
4060:
3838:
3440:
963:
Andros attempted to compel the certification of ownership by issuing
133:
2696:
2393:
2356:
2128:( The Oxford History of the British Empire, (1998) vol 1 pp 445β66.
4421:
4143:
3615:
1224:
combined the territories of Massachusetts and Plymouth along with
1157:
The Massachusetts agents then petitioned the new monarchs and the
1148:
986:
882:
835:
784:
640:
2184:
The Last American Puritan: The Life of Increase Mather, 1639β1723
693:. The governments of the colonies also varied. Virginia became a
647:
in England reached Boston in 1689, and the Puritans launched the
3972:
5025:
4937:
4674:
4183:
3855:
3530:
3423:
3347:
3065:
Non-British colonial entities in the contemporary United States
2700:
2448:
2259:
The Imperial Executive in America: Sir Edmund Andros, 1637β1714
2100:
The Dominion of New England: A Study in British Colonial Policy
1063:
confederation, to which the Seneca belonged, and to break the
942:, which guaranteed taxation by representatives of the people.
2512:
2308:
Lives of the Governors of New Plymouth and Massachusetts Bay
1280:
Governor in Chief (designate) of the Dominion of New England
1055:. His objective was to disrupt trade between the English at
1045:
Jacques-RenΓ© de Brisay de Denonville, Marquis de Denonville
681:, while others were founded for religious reasons, such as
2124:
Dunn, Richard S. "The Glorious Revolution and America" in
657:
in New York deposed the dominion's lieutenant governor
2175:. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press.
1798:. North American Book Distributors, LLC. p. 170.
5186:
4159:. Iraq's mandate was not enacted and replaced by the
1078:
On New England's northeastern frontier, however, the
2862:
Other British colonial entities in the contemporary
599:
The Dominion encompassed a very large area from the
2663:
2612:
2590:
2554:
2523:
2482:
1495:
Proceedings of the Massachusetts Historical Society
546:
392:
371:
351:
331:
314:
284:
276:
260:
248:
232:
220:
208:
188:
176:
164:
154:
139:
129:
121:
34:
2181:
2168:
1795:Connecticut: A Guide to Its Roads, Lore and People
1187:rule by Massachusetts Governor Simon Bradstreet.
621:Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations
27:English regional government in America, 1686β1689
2413:American Colonies: the Settling of North America
1681:American Colonies: The Settling of North America
1318:Governor in Chief of the Dominion of New England
651:against Andros, arresting him and his officers.
3046:Colony of British Columbia and Vancouver Island
1121:The religious leaders of Massachusetts, led by
5253:States and territories disestablished in 1689
4686:
3359:
2712:
2460:
2234:. Middletown, CT: Wesleyan University Press.
103:Nowhere does liberty appear in a greater form
8:
5268:1686 establishments in the Thirteen Colonies
5121:Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha
5104:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
4982:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
5248:States and territories established in 1686
5022:
4934:
4708:
4693:
4679:
4671:
4180:
3852:
3527:
3420:
3366:
3352:
3344:
2719:
2705:
2697:
2467:
2453:
2445:
110:
31:
5283:Pre-statehood history of New York (state)
2171:Edward Randolph and the American Colonies
1461:
4165:Legitimacy of territorial establishment
2261:. Fairleigh Dickinson University Press.
2136:. Montreal: McGill-Queens Press: 59β80.
1340:
1254:
5193:
1666:
1664:
1501:. Massachusetts Historical Society: 5.
1432:
1299:President of the Council of New England
1153:Engraving depicting Andros under arrest
5150:Historical flags of the British Empire
5134:Claimed in 1908; territory formed 1985
1085:Jean-Vincent d'Abbadie de Saint-Castin
725:had sheltered two of the regicides of
3272:Discourse Concerning Western Planting
2090:. Boston, MA: Atlantic Monthly Press.
1002:Inclusion of New York and the Jerseys
370:
350:
330:
313:
309:
302:Colonial history of the United States
259:
255:
247:
231:
219:
215:
207:
187:
175:
171:
163:
7:
5258:English colonization of the Americas
3101:Captaincy General of the Philippines
2425:. Cambridge, MA: J. Wilson and Son.
1138:took over, and James was deposed by
292:British colonization of the Americas
5288:Pre-statehood history of New Jersey
4961:Saint Andrew and Providence Islands
3804:. British Cameroons is now part of
1103:Glorious Revolution and dissolution
3820:unilaterally declared independence
3515:1708β1757, 1763β1782 and 1798β1802
2670:
2298:10.1111/j.1540-6563.1968.tb00328.x
2232:The Glorious Revolution in America
558:Dominion of New England in America
25:
5027:Antarctica and the South Atlantic
5006:Occupied by Argentina during the
3304:Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
2785:(1629β1641; 1679β1686; 1689β1776)
2441:(Syracuse University Press, 1998)
5293:Former colonies in North America
5273:Colonial United States (British)
5263:History of the Thirteen Colonies
5220:
5208:
5196:
5170:
5161:
5160:
4573:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
3328:
3327:
3107:Captaincy General of Puerto Rico
2214:The Public Life of Joseph Dudley
2180:Hall, Michael Garibaldi (1988).
2167:Hall, Michael Garibaldi (1960).
1792:Federal Writers Project (1940).
669:eventually issued new charters.
530:
516:
502:
488:
463:
449:
435:
421:
79:
65:
2419:Tuttle, Charles Wesley (1880).
780:Washington County, Rhode Island
778:, and the Narraganset Country (
5069:Australian Antarctic Territory
3925:since 1965 (before as part of
3922:British Indian Ocean Territory
3808:, while Tanganyika is part of
3439:since 1960 (before as part of
795:Charles II had chosen Colonel
733:authorized Boston silversmith
607:in the north, composed of the
98:Nunquam libertas gratior extat
1:
2946:
2217:. New York: Longmans, Green.
2188:. Wesleyan University Press.
2084:Adams, James Truslow (1921).
1286:Appointment withdrawn in 1685
1222:Province of Massachusetts Bay
3380:British Overseas Territories
3052:Province of British Columbia
2311:. Boston, MA: C. D. Strong.
2305:Moore, Jacob Bailey (1851).
1326:
1323:
1320:
1317:
1307:
1304:
1301:
1298:
1288:
1282:
1279:
568:, with the exception of the
5096:British Antarctic Territory
4806:Western Pacific Territories
2134:English Atlantics Revisited
2087:The Founding of New England
1366:July 26, 1686 β April 1687
1047:launched an attack against
731:Massachusetts General Court
5309:
4834:Gilbert and Ellice Islands
4251:British Arctic Territories
3231:Brandenburger Saint Thomas
3040:Colony of British Columbia
2345:Journal of British Studies
1203:Massachusetts and Plymouth
1106:
5145:
5114:
5074:Commonwealth of Australia
5032:
5021:
4992:
4944:
4933:
4899:
4706:
4670:
4476:Newfoundland and Labrador
4190:
4179:
4157:League of Nations mandate
4138:
3862:
3851:
3832:Lancaster House Agreement
3802:League of Nations mandate
3791:
3537:
3526:
3430:
3419:
3386:
3323:
3267:
3258:
3201:, 1682β1763 and 1801β1803
3119:Captaincy General of Cuba
3072:
3061:
2943:New England Confederation
2872:
2858:
2772:
2734:
2510:
2330:. Boston: Little, Brown.
2257:Lustig, Mary Lou (2002).
2211:Kimball, Everett (1911).
2142:10.1515/9780773560406-006
1442:The New England Quarterly
1421:New England Confederation
1390:
1381:April 1687 β August 1687
1375:
1360:
1346:
1131:Declaration of Indulgence
772:Province of New Hampshire
639:, and a small portion of
609:Province of New Hampshire
400:
388:
310:
272:
256:
244:
216:
204:
172:
109:
93:
61:
41:
4604:Turks and Caicos Islands
3911:(protectorate) 1907β1949
3483:(integrated into the UK)
3113:Santa Fe de Nuevo MΓ©xico
2925:Massachusetts Bay Colony
2671:Creation of the dominion
2437:Webb, Stephen Saunders.
1926:Hall (1988), pp. 210β211
1908:Hall (1988), pp. 207β210
1396:August 1687 β June 1689
764:Massachusetts Bay Colony
687:Massachusetts Bay Colony
613:Massachusetts Bay Colony
582:Viceroyalty of New Spain
574:Province of Pennsylvania
340:April 18, 1689
143:English, Dutch, French,
5243:Dominion of New England
4887:1919β1942 and 1945β1968
4712:18th and 19th centuries
4528:Queen Charlotte Islands
4488:North-Western Territory
4460:1665β1674 and 1702β1776
4063:1781β1784 and 1795β1819
3728:1923β1965 and 1979β1980
3411:Commonwealth of Nations
3243:Scottish Darien Company
3187:Hospitaller Saint Croix
2986:Dominion of New England
2968:North-Western Territory
2476:Dominion of New England
2230:Lovejoy, David (1987).
526:Province of West Jersey
512:Province of East Jersey
471:Province of West Jersey
457:Province of East Jersey
36:Dominion of New England
5278:History of New England
4637:West Indies Federation
3826:) and continued as an
3409:Current member of the
3296:Of Plymouth Plantation
3018:(1779β1783; 1814β1815)
2927:(1629β1686; 1689β1691)
2903:(1620β1686; 1689β1691)
2815:(1664β1673; 1702β1776)
2517:
2415:, Penguin Books, 2001.
2324:Palfrey, John (1864).
2096:Barnes, Viola Florence
1411:History of New England
1236:that had been part of
1154:
994:
891:
873:The Reverend John Wise
843:
792:
663:William III of England
373:β’ Disestablished
360:May 31, 1689
280:Council of New England
4559:Saint Kitts and Nevis
3830:state until the 1979
3436:Akrotiri and Dhekelia
3077:Columbian Viceroyalty
2516:
2490:Charles II of England
2382:New England Quarterly
1152:
990:
946:Land titles and taxes
886:
866:Andros administration
839:
828:Dudley administration
788:
566:Mid-Atlantic Colonies
140:Common languages
5087:Realm of New Zealand
5085:(transferred to the
5072:(transferred to the
4905:Realm of New Zealand
4506:Prince Edward Island
4384:1671β1816, 1833β1960
3213:Dutch Virgin Islands
3161:Spanish West Florida
3155:Spanish East Florida
3034:Stickeen Territories
2739:New England Colonies
2676:Charter Oak incident
2613:Assimilated colonies
2598:New England Puritans
2052:Lovejoy, pp. 355β357
2043:Lovejoy, pp. 326β338
2034:Lovejoy, pp. 255β256
1854:Lovejoy, pp. 212β213
1818:Palfrey, pp. 545β546
1454:10.1162/TNEQ_a_00396
1416:New England Colonies
1267:Date office assumed
1242:Province of New York
1051:villages in western
805:Monmouth's Rebellion
699:proprietary colonies
629:Province of New York
498:Province of New York
484:New England Colonies
443:Province of New York
429:New England Colonies
18:New England Dominion
5118:Since 2009 part of
5010:of AprilβJune 1982.
4597:Trinidad and Tobago
4211:Antigua and Barbuda
4111:Straits Settlements
3149:Provincias Internas
3125:Spanish Saint Croix
2749:Chesapeake Colonies
2686:Leisler's Rebellion
2531:Colonel Percy Kirke
2495:James II of England
1953:Barnes, pp. 234β235
1935:Hall (1988), p. 217
1917:Hall (1988), p. 210
1899:Lustig, pp. 177β179
1782:Barnes, pp. 199β201
1773:Barnes, pp. 189β193
1764:Barnes, p. 182, 187
1519:Curtis P. Nettels,
1264:Date of commission
1193:Leisler's Rebellion
1136:Glorious Revolution
1117:Leisler's Rebellion
1109:Glorious Revolution
1073:Louis XIV of France
971:Connecticut charter
706:English Restoration
691:Rhode Island Colony
655:Leisler's Rebellion
645:Glorious Revolution
631:, the provinces of
316:β’ Established
297:Glorious Revolution
249:Lieutenant Governor
4270:Cape Breton Island
4161:Anglo-Iraqi Treaty
4003:Unfederated States
3818:Southern Rhodesia
3405:Commonwealth realm
3312:Quintipartite Deed
3225:Danish West Indies
3193:French Saint Croix
2681:1689 Boston revolt
2518:
2504:Mary II of England
2061:Kimball, pp. 61β63
1362:Benjamin Bullivant
1308:December 20, 1686
1214:King William's War
1155:
1113:1689 Boston revolt
995:
965:writs of intrusion
892:
844:
793:
649:1689 Boston revolt
625:Connecticut Colony
5184:
5183:
5141:
5140:
5017:
5016:
4949:Providence Island
4929:
4928:
4894:
4893:
4762:Western Australia
4730:Van Diemen's Land
4666:
4665:
4643:Associated States
4341:Columbia District
4175:
4174:
4029:Manila and Cavite
3847:
3846:
3726:Southern Rhodesia
3720:South-West Africa
3670:Northern Rhodesia
3582:Cape of Good Hope
3522:
3521:
3399:Current territory
3341:
3340:
3316:
3308:
3300:
3292:
3284:
3280:Mayflower Compact
3276:
3261:Related Documents
3143:Spanish Louisiana
3022:Columbia District
2945:(1643β1654; 1675β
2831:Massachusetts Bay
2759:Southern Colonies
2728:Thirteen Colonies
2694:
2693:
2620:Massachusetts Bay
2582:Sir William Phips
2546:Francis Nicholson
2541:Sir Edmund Andros
2268:978-0-8386-3936-8
2241:978-0-8195-6177-0
2195:978-0-8195-5128-3
2151:978-0-7735-3219-9
2109:978-0-8044-1065-6
1649:Barnes, pp. 62β63
1577:Barnes, pp. 50,54
1541:Barnes, pp. 47β48
1402:
1401:
1347:Attorney General
1331:
1330:
1324:December 20, 1686
1314:Sir Edmund Andros
1234:Elizabeth Islands
1226:Martha's Vineyard
1024:William Blathwayt
1020:Francis Nicholson
1006:The provinces of
992:Francis Nicholson
933:Town meeting laws
895:Church of England
776:Province of Maine
659:Francis Nicholson
594:Church of England
554:
553:
542:
541:
538:
537:
476:
475:
267:Francis Nicholson
262:β’ 1688β1689
234:β’ 1686β1689
190:β’ 1688β1689
178:β’ 1686β1688
16:(Redirected from
5300:
5225:
5224:
5223:
5213:
5212:
5201:
5200:
5199:
5192:
5174:
5164:
5163:
5129:Antarctic Treaty
5090:
5077:
5062:Falkland Islands
5054:Tristan da Cunha
5046:Ascension Island
5023:
4974:Falkland Islands
4935:
4903:Now part of the
4775:Pitcairn Islands
4740:Auckland Islands
4709:
4695:
4688:
4681:
4672:
4657:Windward Islands
4611:Vancouver Island
4388:MassachusettsBay
4257:British Columbia
4181:
3997:Federated States
3853:
3763:Tristan da Cunha
3732:Southern Nigeria
3664:Northern Nigeria
3543:Ascension Island
3528:
3484:
3421:
3395:Former territory
3392:
3368:
3361:
3354:
3345:
3331:
3330:
3314:
3306:
3298:
3290:
3288:Mourt's Relation
3282:
3274:
3199:French Louisiana
3028:Red River Colony
2951:
2948:
2895:Berkeley Hundred
2754:Tobacco Colonies
2721:
2714:
2707:
2698:
2562:Simon Bradstreet
2469:
2462:
2455:
2446:
2434:
2405:
2376:
2339:
2320:
2301:
2280:
2253:
2226:
2207:
2187:
2176:
2174:
2163:
2121:
2091:
2071:
2068:
2062:
2059:
2053:
2050:
2044:
2041:
2035:
2032:
2026:
2023:
2017:
2014:
2008:
2007:Tuttle, pp. 1β12
2005:
1999:
1996:
1990:
1987:
1981:
1978:
1972:
1969:
1963:
1960:
1954:
1951:
1945:
1942:
1936:
1933:
1927:
1924:
1918:
1915:
1909:
1906:
1900:
1897:
1891:
1888:
1882:
1879:
1873:
1870:
1864:
1861:
1855:
1852:
1846:
1843:
1837:
1834:
1828:
1825:
1819:
1816:
1810:
1809:
1789:
1783:
1780:
1774:
1771:
1765:
1762:
1756:
1753:
1747:
1744:
1738:
1735:
1729:
1726:
1720:
1717:
1711:
1708:
1702:
1699:
1693:
1690:
1684:
1677:
1671:
1668:
1659:
1656:
1650:
1647:
1641:
1638:
1632:
1629:
1623:
1620:
1614:
1611:
1605:
1602:
1596:
1593:
1587:
1584:
1578:
1575:
1569:
1566:
1560:
1557:
1551:
1548:
1542:
1539:
1533:
1530:
1524:
1517:
1511:
1510:
1497:. Third Series.
1490:
1484:
1483:
1465:
1437:
1341:
1334:Attorney General
1270:Date term ended
1255:
1168:revolt in Boston
1163:Simon Bradstreet
1035:Indian diplomacy
723:New Haven Colony
603:in the south to
578:Spanish monarchy
534:
533:
520:
519:
506:
505:
492:
491:
480:
479:
467:
466:
453:
452:
439:
438:
425:
424:
418:
417:
402:
401:
384:
382:
367:
365:
347:
345:
327:
325:
114:
83:
69:
57:
55:
49:
47:
32:
21:
5308:
5307:
5303:
5302:
5301:
5299:
5298:
5297:
5233:
5232:
5231:
5221:
5219:
5207:
5197:
5195:
5187:
5185:
5180:
5137:
5110:
5084:
5082:Ross Dependency
5071:
5028:
5013:
4988:
4940:
4925:
4895:
4890:
4846:
4841:Solomon Islands
4788:North Australia
4768:South Australia
4724:New South Wales
4702:
4699:
4662:
4382:Leeward Islands
4186:
4171:
4134:
4041:Muscat and Oman
3858:
3843:
3787:
3533:
3518:
3482:
3426:
3415:
3390:
3382:
3372:
3342:
3337:
3319:
3263:
3254:
3249:Russian America
3167:Alta California
3137:Las Californias
3089:Spanish Florida
3068:
3057:
2949:
2868:
2854:
2768:
2764:United Colonies
2744:Middle Colonies
2730:
2725:
2695:
2690:
2659:
2608:
2604:Navigation Acts
2586:
2572:Increase Mather
2550:
2519:
2508:
2478:
2473:
2418:
2379:
2342:
2323:
2304:
2283:
2269:
2256:
2242:
2229:
2210:
2196:
2179:
2166:
2152:
2131:
2110:
2094:
2083:
2080:
2078:Further reading
2075:
2074:
2069:
2065:
2060:
2056:
2051:
2047:
2042:
2038:
2033:
2029:
2024:
2020:
2016:Lovejoy, p. 252
2015:
2011:
2006:
2002:
1998:Palfrey, p. 596
1997:
1993:
1989:Lovejoy, p. 241
1988:
1984:
1979:
1975:
1970:
1966:
1961:
1957:
1952:
1948:
1943:
1939:
1934:
1930:
1925:
1921:
1916:
1912:
1907:
1903:
1898:
1894:
1889:
1885:
1880:
1876:
1871:
1867:
1862:
1858:
1853:
1849:
1845:Lovejoy, p. 211
1844:
1840:
1835:
1831:
1827:Palfrey, p. 548
1826:
1822:
1817:
1813:
1806:
1791:
1790:
1786:
1781:
1777:
1772:
1768:
1763:
1759:
1754:
1750:
1745:
1741:
1736:
1732:
1728:Lovejoy, p. 184
1727:
1723:
1718:
1714:
1709:
1705:
1700:
1696:
1691:
1687:
1678:
1674:
1669:
1662:
1657:
1653:
1648:
1644:
1639:
1635:
1630:
1626:
1621:
1617:
1612:
1608:
1603:
1599:
1594:
1590:
1585:
1581:
1576:
1572:
1567:
1563:
1558:
1554:
1549:
1545:
1540:
1536:
1531:
1527:
1518:
1514:
1492:
1491:
1487:
1439:
1438:
1434:
1429:
1407:
1336:
1327:April 18, 1689
1302:October 8, 1685
1289:Not applicable
1250:
1205:
1197:Henry Sloughter
1177:Thomas Hinckley
1127:Increase Mather
1119:
1107:Main articles:
1105:
1037:
1029:manorial rights
1004:
973:
948:
935:
914:
897:
868:
830:
821:Edward Randolph
768:Plymouth Colony
755:
715:Navigation Acts
683:Plymouth Colony
679:Virginia Colony
675:
617:Plymouth Colony
570:Delaware Colony
531:
517:
503:
489:
464:
450:
436:
422:
380:
378:
374:
363:
361:
357:
355:New York revolt
343:
341:
337:
323:
321:
317:
306:
263:
235:
223:
191:
179:
117:
101:
89:
88:
87:
84:
76:
75:
70:
53:
51:
45:
43:
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5306:
5304:
5296:
5295:
5290:
5285:
5280:
5275:
5270:
5265:
5260:
5255:
5250:
5245:
5235:
5234:
5230:
5229:
5217:
5205:
5182:
5181:
5179:
5178:
5168:
5158:
5152:
5146:
5143:
5142:
5139:
5138:
5136:
5135:
5132:
5125:
5115:
5112:
5111:
5109:
5108:
5100:
5092:
5079:
5066:
5058:
5050:
5042:
5033:
5030:
5029:
5026:
5019:
5018:
5015:
5014:
5012:
5011:
5004:
4993:
4990:
4989:
4987:
4986:
4978:
4970:
4964:
4958:
4955:Willoughbyland
4952:
4945:
4942:
4941:
4938:
4931:
4930:
4927:
4926:
4924:
4923:
4913:
4907:
4900:
4897:
4896:
4892:
4891:
4889:
4888:
4882:
4876:
4869:
4862:
4856:
4849:
4847:
4845:
4844:
4837:
4831:
4825:
4815:
4809:
4803:
4797:
4791:
4785:
4779:
4771:
4765:
4755:
4749:
4743:
4737:
4727:
4720:
4717:
4716:
4713:
4707:
4704:
4703:
4700:
4698:
4697:
4690:
4683:
4675:
4668:
4667:
4664:
4663:
4661:
4660:
4654:
4648:
4647:
4646:
4634:
4628:
4622:
4618:Virgin Islands
4614:
4608:
4600:
4594:
4588:
4585:South Carolina
4582:
4576:
4569:
4562:
4555:
4549:
4543:
4537:
4531:
4521:
4515:
4509:
4503:
4497:
4491:
4485:
4482:North Carolina
4479:
4473:
4467:
4461:
4455:
4449:
4443:
4437:
4431:
4425:
4419:
4416:Mosquito Coast
4413:
4405:
4399:
4398:
4397:
4385:
4379:
4372:
4366:
4360:
4354:
4348:
4345:Oregon Country
4338:
4334:Cayman Islands
4330:
4324:
4323:
4322:
4316:
4310:
4304:
4292:
4285:
4279:
4273:
4267:
4266:
4265:
4254:
4248:
4240:
4233:
4227:
4221:
4214:
4207:
4200:
4191:
4188:
4187:
4184:
4177:
4176:
4173:
4172:
4170:
4169:
4163:
4154:
4139:
4136:
4135:
4133:
4132:
4126:
4123:Trucial States
4120:
4114:
4108:
4102:
4096:
4095:
4094:
4082:
4076:
4070:
4064:
4058:
4057:
4056:
4044:
4038:
4032:
4026:
4020:
4019:
4018:
4012:
4006:
4000:
3988:
3982:
3976:
3970:
3964:
3958:
3952:
3946:
3940:
3934:
3918:
3912:
3906:
3900:
3890:
3884:
3883:
3882:
3870:
3863:
3860:
3859:
3856:
3849:
3848:
3845:
3844:
3842:
3841:
3835:
3816:Self-governing
3813:
3799:
3792:
3789:
3788:
3786:
3785:
3779:
3773:
3767:
3759:
3753:
3747:
3741:
3735:
3729:
3723:
3717:
3711:
3705:
3699:
3693:
3685:
3679:
3673:
3667:
3661:
3655:
3649:
3643:
3637:
3631:
3625:
3619:
3609:
3603:
3597:
3591:
3588:Central Africa
3585:
3579:
3573:
3567:
3557:
3547:
3538:
3535:
3534:
3531:
3524:
3523:
3520:
3519:
3517:
3516:
3510:
3509:
3508:
3502:
3493:
3492:
3491:
3476:
3473:Ionian Islands
3470:
3464:
3456:
3450:
3444:
3431:
3428:
3427:
3424:
3417:
3416:
3414:
3413:
3407:
3401:
3396:
3393:
3387:
3384:
3383:
3376:British Empire
3373:
3371:
3370:
3363:
3356:
3348:
3339:
3338:
3336:
3335:
3324:
3321:
3320:
3318:
3317:
3309:
3301:
3293:
3285:
3277:
3268:
3265:
3264:
3259:
3256:
3255:
3253:
3252:
3246:
3240:
3234:
3228:
3222:
3216:
3210:
3207:New Netherland
3204:
3203:
3202:
3196:
3190:
3184:
3181:French Florida
3172:
3171:
3170:
3164:
3158:
3152:
3146:
3140:
3134:
3128:
3122:
3116:
3110:
3104:
3098:
3092:
3080:
3073:
3070:
3069:
3067:
3066:
3062:
3059:
3058:
3056:
3055:
3049:
3043:
3037:
3031:
3025:
3019:
3013:
3007:
3001:
2995:
2992:Indian Reserve
2989:
2983:
2977:
2971:
2965:
2959:
2953:
2940:
2934:
2928:
2922:
2916:
2910:
2904:
2898:
2892:
2886:
2880:
2873:
2870:
2869:
2867:
2866:
2859:
2856:
2855:
2853:
2852:
2846:
2843:South Carolina
2840:
2837:North Carolina
2834:
2828:
2822:
2816:
2810:
2804:
2798:
2792:
2786:
2780:
2773:
2770:
2769:
2767:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2746:
2741:
2735:
2732:
2731:
2726:
2724:
2723:
2716:
2709:
2701:
2692:
2691:
2689:
2688:
2683:
2678:
2673:
2667:
2665:
2661:
2660:
2658:
2657:
2652:
2647:
2642:
2637:
2632:
2627:
2622:
2616:
2614:
2610:
2609:
2607:
2606:
2600:
2594:
2592:
2588:
2587:
2585:
2584:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2564:
2558:
2556:
2552:
2551:
2549:
2548:
2543:
2538:
2533:
2527:
2525:
2524:Administrators
2521:
2520:
2511:
2509:
2507:
2506:
2497:
2492:
2486:
2484:
2480:
2479:
2474:
2472:
2471:
2464:
2457:
2449:
2443:
2442:
2435:
2416:
2406:
2394:10.2307/366211
2377:
2365:10.1086/515441
2357:10.1086/515441
2351:(3): 481β508.
2340:
2321:
2302:
2292:(3): 439β459.
2281:
2267:
2254:
2240:
2227:
2208:
2194:
2177:
2164:
2150:
2129:
2122:
2108:
2092:
2079:
2076:
2073:
2072:
2070:Barnes, p. 257
2063:
2054:
2045:
2036:
2027:
2025:Lustig, p. 199
2018:
2009:
2000:
1991:
1982:
1973:
1964:
1962:Barnes, p. 238
1955:
1946:
1944:Barnes, p. 234
1937:
1928:
1919:
1910:
1901:
1892:
1890:Lustig, p. 176
1883:
1881:Lustig, p. 174
1874:
1872:Lustig, p. 173
1865:
1863:Lustig, p. 171
1856:
1847:
1838:
1829:
1820:
1811:
1804:
1784:
1775:
1766:
1757:
1755:Barnes, p. 176
1748:
1739:
1730:
1721:
1712:
1703:
1701:Lustig, p. 165
1694:
1692:Lustig, p. 164
1685:
1672:
1670:Lustig, p. 141
1660:
1651:
1642:
1633:
1624:
1615:
1606:
1597:
1588:
1579:
1570:
1561:
1552:
1543:
1534:
1525:
1523:(1938) p. 297.
1512:
1485:
1463:2286/R.I.26592
1448:(3): 490β525.
1431:
1430:
1428:
1425:
1424:
1423:
1418:
1413:
1406:
1403:
1400:
1399:
1397:
1394:
1389:
1385:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1374:
1370:
1369:
1367:
1364:
1359:
1355:
1354:
1351:
1348:
1345:
1335:
1332:
1329:
1328:
1325:
1322:
1319:
1316:
1310:
1309:
1306:
1303:
1300:
1297:
1291:
1290:
1287:
1284:
1281:
1278:
1272:
1271:
1268:
1265:
1262:
1259:
1249:
1248:Administrators
1246:
1204:
1201:
1159:Lords of Trade
1104:
1101:
1065:Covenant Chain
1036:
1033:
1003:
1000:
972:
969:
947:
944:
934:
931:
913:
910:
902:Samuel Willard
896:
893:
867:
864:
829:
826:
759:Lords of Trade
754:
751:
708:in 1660, King
704:Following the
674:
671:
601:Delaware River
552:
551:
548:
544:
543:
540:
539:
536:
535:
528:
522:
521:
514:
508:
507:
500:
494:
493:
486:
477:
474:
473:
468:
460:
459:
454:
446:
445:
440:
432:
431:
426:
414:
413:
408:
398:
397:
396:Pound sterling
394:
390:
389:
386:
385:
375:
372:
369:
368:
358:
352:
349:
348:
338:
332:
329:
328:
318:
315:
312:
311:
308:
307:
305:
304:
299:
294:
288:
286:
285:Historical era
282:
281:
278:
274:
273:
270:
269:
264:
261:
258:
257:
254:
253:
250:
246:
245:
242:
241:
236:
233:
230:
229:
224:
221:
218:
217:
214:
213:
210:
209:Royal Governor
206:
205:
202:
201:
192:
189:
186:
185:
180:
177:
174:
173:
170:
169:
166:
162:
161:
156:
152:
151:
141:
137:
136:
131:
127:
126:
125:Colonial union
123:
119:
118:
115:
107:
106:
91:
90:
85:
78:
77:
71:
64:
63:
62:
59:
58:
39:
38:
35:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5305:
5294:
5291:
5289:
5286:
5284:
5281:
5279:
5276:
5274:
5271:
5269:
5266:
5264:
5261:
5259:
5256:
5254:
5251:
5249:
5246:
5244:
5241:
5240:
5238:
5228:
5227:North America
5218:
5216:
5211:
5206:
5204:
5194:
5190:
5177:
5173:
5169:
5167:
5159:
5156:
5153:
5151:
5148:
5147:
5144:
5133:
5130:
5126:
5123:
5122:
5117:
5116:
5113:
5106:
5105:
5101:
5098:
5097:
5093:
5088:
5083:
5080:
5075:
5070:
5067:
5064:
5063:
5059:
5056:
5055:
5051:
5048:
5047:
5043:
5040:
5039:
5035:
5034:
5031:
5024:
5020:
5009:
5008:Falklands War
5005:
5003:
4999:
4995:
4994:
4991:
4984:
4983:
4979:
4976:
4975:
4971:
4968:
4965:
4962:
4959:
4956:
4953:
4950:
4947:
4946:
4943:
4939:South America
4936:
4932:
4922:
4918:
4914:
4912:
4908:
4906:
4902:
4901:
4898:
4886:
4883:
4880:
4877:
4874:
4870:
4867:
4863:
4860:
4857:
4854:
4851:
4850:
4848:
4842:
4838:
4835:
4832:
4829:
4828:Union Islands
4826:
4823:
4819:
4816:
4813:
4810:
4807:
4804:
4801:
4798:
4795:
4792:
4789:
4786:
4783:
4780:
4777:
4776:
4772:
4769:
4766:
4763:
4759:
4756:
4753:
4750:
4747:
4744:
4741:
4738:
4735:
4731:
4728:
4725:
4722:
4721:
4719:
4718:
4714:
4711:
4710:
4705:
4696:
4691:
4689:
4684:
4682:
4677:
4676:
4673:
4669:
4658:
4655:
4652:
4649:
4644:
4641:
4640:
4638:
4635:
4632:
4629:
4626:
4623:
4620:
4619:
4615:
4612:
4609:
4606:
4605:
4601:
4598:
4595:
4592:
4589:
4586:
4583:
4580:
4577:
4574:
4570:
4567:
4563:
4560:
4556:
4553:
4550:
4547:
4544:
4541:
4540:Rupert's Land
4538:
4535:
4532:
4529:
4525:
4522:
4519:
4516:
4513:
4510:
4507:
4504:
4501:
4500:Paulet affair
4498:
4495:
4492:
4489:
4486:
4483:
4480:
4477:
4474:
4471:
4468:
4465:
4462:
4459:
4456:
4453:
4450:
4447:
4446:New Hampshire
4444:
4441:
4438:
4435:
4434:New Brunswick
4432:
4429:
4426:
4423:
4420:
4417:
4414:
4411:
4410:
4406:
4403:
4400:
4395:
4392:
4391:
4389:
4386:
4383:
4380:
4377:
4373:
4370:
4367:
4364:
4361:
4358:
4355:
4352:
4349:
4346:
4342:
4339:
4336:
4335:
4331:
4328:
4325:
4320:
4317:
4314:
4311:
4308:
4305:
4302:
4299:
4298:
4297:
4293:
4290:
4286:
4283:
4280:
4277:
4274:
4271:
4268:
4264:
4261:
4260:
4258:
4255:
4252:
4249:
4246:
4245:
4241:
4238:
4234:
4231:
4228:
4225:
4222:
4219:
4215:
4212:
4208:
4205:
4201:
4198:
4197:
4193:
4192:
4189:
4185:North America
4182:
4178:
4168:
4164:
4162:
4158:
4155:
4153:
4149:
4145:
4141:
4140:
4137:
4130:
4127:
4124:
4121:
4118:
4115:
4112:
4109:
4106:
4105:South Vietnam
4103:
4100:
4097:
4092:
4089:
4088:
4086:
4083:
4080:
4077:
4074:
4071:
4068:
4065:
4062:
4059:
4054:
4051:
4050:
4048:
4045:
4042:
4039:
4036:
4033:
4030:
4027:
4024:
4021:
4016:
4013:
4010:
4007:
4004:
4001:
3998:
3995:
3994:
3992:
3989:
3986:
3983:
3980:
3977:
3974:
3971:
3968:
3965:
3962:
3959:
3956:
3953:
3950:
3947:
3944:
3941:
3938:
3935:
3932:
3928:
3924:
3923:
3919:
3916:
3913:
3910:
3907:
3904:
3901:
3898:
3894:
3891:
3888:
3885:
3880:
3877:
3876:
3874:
3871:
3868:
3865:
3864:
3861:
3854:
3850:
3840:
3836:
3833:
3829:
3825:
3821:
3817:
3814:
3811:
3807:
3803:
3800:
3798:
3794:
3793:
3790:
3783:
3780:
3777:
3774:
3771:
3768:
3765:
3764:
3760:
3757:
3754:
3751:
3748:
3745:
3742:
3739:
3736:
3733:
3730:
3727:
3724:
3721:
3718:
3715:
3712:
3709:
3706:
3703:
3700:
3697:
3694:
3691:
3690:
3686:
3683:
3680:
3677:
3674:
3671:
3668:
3665:
3662:
3659:
3656:
3653:
3650:
3647:
3644:
3641:
3638:
3635:
3632:
3629:
3626:
3623:
3620:
3617:
3613:
3610:
3607:
3604:
3601:
3598:
3595:
3592:
3589:
3586:
3583:
3580:
3577:
3574:
3571:
3568:
3565:
3561:
3558:
3555:
3551:
3548:
3545:
3544:
3540:
3539:
3536:
3529:
3525:
3514:
3511:
3506:
3503:
3500:
3497:
3496:
3494:
3489:
3486:
3485:
3480:
3477:
3474:
3471:
3468:
3465:
3462:
3461:
3457:
3454:
3451:
3448:
3445:
3442:
3438:
3437:
3433:
3432:
3429:
3422:
3418:
3412:
3408:
3406:
3402:
3400:
3397:
3394:
3389:
3388:
3385:
3381:
3377:
3369:
3364:
3362:
3357:
3355:
3350:
3349:
3346:
3334:
3326:
3325:
3322:
3313:
3310:
3305:
3302:
3297:
3294:
3289:
3286:
3281:
3278:
3273:
3270:
3269:
3266:
3262:
3257:
3250:
3247:
3244:
3241:
3238:
3235:
3232:
3229:
3226:
3223:
3220:
3217:
3214:
3211:
3208:
3205:
3200:
3197:
3194:
3191:
3188:
3185:
3182:
3178:
3177:
3176:
3173:
3168:
3165:
3162:
3159:
3156:
3153:
3150:
3147:
3144:
3141:
3138:
3135:
3132:
3131:Spanish Texas
3129:
3126:
3123:
3120:
3117:
3114:
3111:
3108:
3105:
3102:
3099:
3096:
3093:
3090:
3086:
3085:
3084:
3081:
3078:
3075:
3074:
3071:
3064:
3063:
3060:
3053:
3050:
3047:
3044:
3041:
3038:
3035:
3032:
3029:
3026:
3023:
3020:
3017:
3014:
3011:
3008:
3005:
3002:
2999:
2996:
2993:
2990:
2987:
2984:
2981:
2978:
2975:
2972:
2969:
2966:
2963:
2962:Rupert's Land
2960:
2957:
2954:
2944:
2941:
2938:
2935:
2932:
2929:
2926:
2923:
2920:
2917:
2914:
2911:
2908:
2905:
2902:
2899:
2896:
2893:
2890:
2887:
2884:
2881:
2878:
2875:
2874:
2871:
2865:
2864:United States
2861:
2860:
2857:
2850:
2847:
2844:
2841:
2838:
2835:
2832:
2829:
2826:
2823:
2820:
2817:
2814:
2811:
2808:
2805:
2802:
2799:
2796:
2793:
2790:
2787:
2784:
2783:New Hampshire
2781:
2778:
2775:
2774:
2771:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2736:
2733:
2729:
2722:
2717:
2715:
2710:
2708:
2703:
2702:
2699:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2668:
2666:
2662:
2656:
2653:
2651:
2648:
2646:
2643:
2641:
2638:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2625:New Hampshire
2623:
2621:
2618:
2617:
2615:
2611:
2605:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2595:
2593:
2589:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2577:Cotton Mather
2575:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2567:Jacob Leisler
2565:
2563:
2560:
2559:
2557:
2553:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2536:Joseph Dudley
2534:
2532:
2529:
2528:
2526:
2522:
2515:
2505:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2487:
2485:
2481:
2477:
2470:
2465:
2463:
2458:
2456:
2451:
2450:
2447:
2440:
2436:
2432:
2428:
2424:
2423:
2417:
2414:
2410:
2407:
2403:
2399:
2395:
2391:
2387:
2383:
2378:
2374:
2370:
2366:
2362:
2358:
2354:
2350:
2346:
2341:
2337:
2333:
2329:
2328:
2322:
2318:
2314:
2310:
2309:
2303:
2299:
2295:
2291:
2287:
2282:
2278:
2274:
2270:
2264:
2260:
2255:
2251:
2247:
2243:
2237:
2233:
2228:
2224:
2220:
2216:
2215:
2209:
2205:
2201:
2197:
2191:
2186:
2185:
2178:
2173:
2172:
2165:
2161:
2157:
2153:
2147:
2143:
2139:
2135:
2130:
2127:
2123:
2119:
2115:
2111:
2105:
2101:
2097:
2093:
2089:
2088:
2082:
2081:
2077:
2067:
2064:
2058:
2055:
2049:
2046:
2040:
2037:
2031:
2028:
2022:
2019:
2013:
2010:
2004:
2001:
1995:
1992:
1986:
1983:
1980:Steele, p. 78
1977:
1974:
1971:Steele, p. 77
1968:
1965:
1959:
1956:
1950:
1947:
1941:
1938:
1932:
1929:
1923:
1920:
1914:
1911:
1905:
1902:
1896:
1893:
1887:
1884:
1878:
1875:
1869:
1866:
1860:
1857:
1851:
1848:
1842:
1839:
1833:
1830:
1824:
1821:
1815:
1812:
1807:
1805:9781878592439
1801:
1797:
1796:
1788:
1785:
1779:
1776:
1770:
1767:
1761:
1758:
1752:
1749:
1746:Taylor, p 277
1743:
1740:
1737:Barnes, p. 97
1734:
1731:
1725:
1722:
1719:Barnes, p. 85
1716:
1713:
1710:Barnes, p. 84
1707:
1704:
1698:
1695:
1689:
1686:
1682:
1679:Alan Taylor,
1676:
1673:
1667:
1665:
1661:
1658:Barnes, p. 68
1655:
1652:
1646:
1643:
1640:Barnes, p. 61
1637:
1634:
1631:Barnes, p. 59
1628:
1625:
1622:Barnes, p. 58
1619:
1616:
1613:Barnes, p. 56
1610:
1607:
1604:Barnes, p. 55
1601:
1598:
1595:Barnes, p. 53
1592:
1589:
1586:Barnes, p. 51
1583:
1580:
1574:
1571:
1568:Barnes, p. 50
1565:
1562:
1559:Barnes, p. 49
1556:
1553:
1550:Barnes, p. 48
1547:
1544:
1538:
1535:
1532:Barnes, p. 45
1529:
1526:
1522:
1516:
1513:
1508:
1504:
1500:
1496:
1489:
1486:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1469:
1464:
1459:
1455:
1451:
1447:
1443:
1436:
1433:
1426:
1422:
1419:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1409:
1408:
1404:
1398:
1395:
1393:
1387:
1386:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1377:Giles Masters
1372:
1371:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1357:
1356:
1352:
1349:
1343:
1342:
1339:
1333:
1315:
1312:
1311:
1296:
1295:Joseph Dudley
1293:
1292:
1285:
1277:
1274:
1273:
1269:
1266:
1263:
1260:
1257:
1256:
1253:
1247:
1245:
1243:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1217:
1215:
1211:
1202:
1200:
1198:
1194:
1188:
1186:
1182:
1181:Walter Clarke
1178:
1172:
1169:
1164:
1160:
1151:
1147:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1118:
1114:
1110:
1102:
1100:
1098:
1092:
1090:
1089:Penobscot Bay
1086:
1081:
1076:
1074:
1070:
1069:Thomas Dongan
1066:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1042:
1034:
1032:
1030:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1001:
999:
993:
989:
985:
983:
978:
970:
968:
966:
961:
957:
954:
945:
943:
941:
932:
930:
926:
924:
918:
911:
909:
907:
906:King's Chapel
903:
894:
890:
889:Edmund Andros
885:
881:
877:
874:
865:
863:
861:
857:
852:
848:
842:
841:Joseph Dudley
838:
834:
827:
825:
822:
816:
814:
813:Edmund Andros
810:
809:Joseph Dudley
806:
802:
801:King James II
798:
791:
790:King James II
787:
783:
781:
777:
773:
769:
765:
760:
753:Establishment
752:
750:
746:
742:
740:
739:local coinage
736:
732:
728:
724:
718:
716:
711:
707:
702:
700:
696:
692:
688:
684:
680:
672:
670:
668:
664:
660:
656:
652:
650:
646:
642:
638:
634:
630:
626:
622:
618:
614:
610:
606:
605:Penobscot Bay
602:
597:
595:
591:
590:King James II
587:
586:Edmund Andros
583:
579:
575:
571:
567:
563:
559:
550:United States
549:
547:Today part of
545:
529:
527:
524:
523:
515:
513:
510:
509:
501:
499:
496:
495:
487:
485:
482:
481:
478:
472:
469:
462:
461:
458:
455:
448:
447:
444:
441:
434:
433:
430:
427:
420:
419:
416:
415:
412:
409:
407:
404:
403:
399:
395:
391:
387:
376:
359:
356:
339:
336:
335:Boston revolt
319:
303:
300:
298:
295:
293:
290:
289:
287:
283:
279:
275:
271:
268:
265:
251:
243:
240:
239:Edmund Andros
237:
228:
227:Joseph Dudley
225:
211:
203:
200:
196:
193:
184:
181:
167:
160:
157:
153:
150:
146:
142:
138:
135:
132:
128:
124:
120:
113:
108:
104:
99:
96:
92:
82:
74:
68:
60:
40:
33:
30:
19:
5119:
5102:
5094:
5060:
5052:
5044:
5038:Saint Helena
5036:
4980:
4972:
4822:Cook Islands
4773:
4746:New Hebrides
4715:20th century
4631:West Florida
4616:
4602:
4534:Rhode Island
4512:Pennsylvania
4470:Newfoundland
4439:
4407:
4332:
4282:East Florida
4253:16th c.β1880
4242:
4194:
4091:Crown Colony
4079:Pulo Condore
4053:Crown Colony
4047:North Borneo
3920:
3879:Protectorate
3828:unrecognised
3822:in 1965 (as
3761:
3714:South Africa
3702:Sierra Leone
3689:Saint Helena
3687:
3682:Orange River
3560:Bechuanaland
3541:
3499:Protectorate
3458:
3434:
3398:
3378:and Current
3260:
3237:Krabbeninsel
3010:West Florida
3004:East Florida
2985:
2825:Pennsylvania
2801:Rhode Island
2635:Rhode Island
2475:
2438:
2421:
2412:
2409:Taylor, Alan
2388:(1): 75β81.
2385:
2381:
2348:
2344:
2326:
2307:
2289:
2285:
2258:
2231:
2213:
2183:
2170:
2133:
2125:
2099:
2086:
2066:
2057:
2048:
2039:
2030:
2021:
2012:
2003:
1994:
1985:
1976:
1967:
1958:
1949:
1940:
1931:
1922:
1913:
1904:
1895:
1886:
1877:
1868:
1859:
1850:
1841:
1832:
1823:
1814:
1794:
1787:
1778:
1769:
1760:
1751:
1742:
1733:
1724:
1715:
1706:
1697:
1688:
1680:
1675:
1654:
1645:
1636:
1627:
1618:
1609:
1600:
1591:
1582:
1573:
1564:
1555:
1546:
1537:
1528:
1520:
1515:
1498:
1494:
1488:
1445:
1441:
1435:
1392:James Graham
1337:
1321:June 3, 1686
1305:May 25, 1686
1251:
1238:Dukes County
1218:
1206:
1189:
1184:
1173:
1156:
1120:
1097:Fort Andross
1093:
1077:
1038:
1005:
996:
977:Robert Treat
974:
964:
962:
958:
949:
936:
927:
919:
915:
912:Revenue laws
898:
878:
869:
856:Rhode Island
853:
849:
845:
831:
817:
794:
756:
747:
743:
719:
703:
695:crown colony
676:
653:
598:
557:
555:
411:Succeeded by
410:
405:
222:β’ 1686
159:Crown colony
102:
97:
95:Motto:
94:
29:
5155:Anglosphere
4873:New Zealand
4782:New Zealand
4651:West Jersey
4566:Saint Lucia
4552:Saint Kitts
4546:Saint Croix
4526:1763β1791*
4494:Nova Scotia
4440:New England
4396:, 1691β1776
4363:East Jersey
4351:Connecticut
4230:Bay Islands
4117:Transjordan
4035:Mesopotamia
3873:Afghanistan
3867:Aden Colony
3652:Niger Coast
3618:) 1874β1957
3594:East Africa
3576:Cape Colony
3566:) 1884β1966
3556:) 1868β1966
3299:(1630β1651)
3251:(1799β1867)
3239:(1689β1693)
3233:(1685β1754)
3227:(1672β1917)
3221:(1638β1655)
3215:(1625β1672)
3209:(1614β1667)
3195:, 1665β1733
3189:, 1651β1665
3183:, 1562β1565
3179:1534β1763;
3169:, 1804β1821
3163:, 1783β1821
3157:, 1783β1821
3151:, 1776β1821
3145:, 1769β1801
3139:, 1767β1804
3133:, 1690β1821
3127:, 1650β1651
3121:, 1607β1801
3115:, 1598β1821
3109:, 1580β1898
3103:, 1565β1898
3097:, 1565β1821
3095:New Navarre
3091:, 1565β1763
3087:1521β1821;
3079:(1492β1535)
3054:(1871β1903)
3048:(1866β1871)
3042:(1863β1866)
3036:(1862β1863)
3030:(1811β1818)
3024:(1810β1846)
3016:New Ireland
3012:(1763β1783)
3006:(1763β1783)
3000:(1763β1783)
2994:(1763β1783)
2988:(1686β1689)
2982:(1674β1702)
2980:West Jersey
2976:(1674β1702)
2974:East Jersey
2970:(1670β1870)
2964:(1670β1811)
2958:(1663β1712)
2950: 1680
2939:(1638β1664)
2933:(1635β1644)
2921:(1629β1663)
2915:(1625β1650)
2913:Saint Croix
2909:(1622β1658)
2891:(1607β1699)
2885:(1607β1608)
2879:(1585β1590)
2851:(1732β1776)
2845:(1712β1776)
2839:(1712β1776)
2833:(1691β1776)
2827:(1681β1776)
2821:(1664β1776)
2809:(1664β1776)
2803:(1636β1776)
2797:(1636β1776)
2795:Connecticut
2791:(1632β1776)
2779:(1607β1776)
2655:West Jersey
2650:East Jersey
2640:Connecticut
2500:William III
1836:Dunn, p. 64
1683:(2001) p277
1276:Percy Kirke
1140:William III
1016:West Jersey
1012:East Jersey
982:Charter Oak
940:Magna Carta
908:was built.
860:Connecticut
797:Percy Kirke
737:to produce
637:West Jersey
633:East Jersey
562:New England
406:Preceded by
277:Legislature
195:William III
5237:Categories
5107:since 1908
5099:since 1908
5065:since 1833
5057:since 1816
5049:since 1815
5041:since 1658
4998:department
4985:since 1908
4977:since 1833
4778:since 1838
4758:Swan River
4752:Queensland
4639:1958β1962
4621:since 1666
4607:since 1799
4458:New Jersey
4428:New Albion
4412:since 1632
4409:Montserrat
4390:1629β1691
4337:since 1670
4259:1858β1866
4247:since 1619
4199:since 1650
4152:Bangladesh
4087:1841β1946
4049:1882β1963
4015:Federation
3993:1819β1826
3931:Seychelles
3875:1839β1842
3766:since 1816
3750:Tanganyika
3708:Somaliland
3696:Seychelles
3692:since 1658
3612:Gold Coast
3606:The Gambia
3550:Basutoland
3546:since 1815
3488:Free State
3481:1542β1800
3467:Heligoland
3463:since 1713
3219:New Sweden
3175:New France
2813:New Jersey
2591:Background
1427:References
1232:, and the
1210:New France
1041:New France
953:quit-rents
710:Charles II
673:Background
665:and Queen
580:under the
364:1689-05-31
344:1689-04-18
155:Government
149:Algonquian
5091:1841β1947
5078:1841β1933
4969:1831β1966
4963:1670β1688
4957:1651β1667
4951:1631β1641
4881:1914β1962
4875:1907β1947
4868:1901β1942
4866:Australia
4861:1900β1974
4855:1900β1970
4843:1893β1978
4836:1892β1979
4830:1889β1948
4824:1888β1901
4818:Rarotonga
4814:1884β1902
4808:1877β1976
4802:1874β1970
4796:1851β1901
4790:1846β1847
4784:1841β1907
4770:1836β1901
4764:1829β1901
4754:1824β1901
4748:1824β1980
4742:1807β1863
4736:1803β1901
4726:1788β1901
4659:1833β1960
4653:1674β1702
4645:1967β1983
4633:1763β1783
4627:1607β1776
4613:1849β1866
4599:1889β1962
4593:1862β1863
4587:1712β1776
4581:1635β1644
4575:1627β1979
4568:1605β1979
4561:1882β1983
4554:1623β1983
4548:1625β1650
4542:1670β1870
4536:1636β1776
4530:1853β1863
4520:1620β1691
4514:1681β1776
4508:1763β1873
4496:1713β1867
4490:1859β1870
4484:1712β1776
4478:1583β1907
4472:1907β1949
4466:1664β1776
4454:1637β1662
4452:New Haven
4448:1680β1776
4442:1686β1689
4436:1784β1867
4424:1628β1983
4418:1655β1860
4404:1632β1776
4378:1655β1962
4371:1733β1776
4365:1674β1702
4359:1701β1776
4353:1636β1776
4347:1818β1846
4329:1663β1712
4321:1867β1931
4315:1841β1867
4309:1791β1841
4303:1791β1841
4291:1762β1974
4284:1763β1783
4278:1763β1978
4272:1754β1820
4263:1866β1871
4239:1871β1981
4232:1643β1860
4226:1624β1966
4220:1670β1973
4213:1860β1981
4206:1632β1860
4131:1898β1930
4125:1892β1971
4119:1921β1946
4113:1826β1946
4107:1945β1946
4101:1946β1963
4099:Singapore
4093:1946β1963
4081:1702β1705
4075:1786β1946
4069:1923β1948
4067:Palestine
4055:1946β1963
4043:1891β1971
4037:1920β1932
4031:1762β1764
4025:1796β1965
4017:1948β1957
4011:1946β1948
4005:1885β1946
3999:1895β1946
3987:1848β1946
3981:1918β1961
3975:1811β1816
3969:1858β1947
3963:1841β1997
3961:Hong Kong
3957:1878β1960
3951:1795β1948
3945:1888β1984
3939:1824β1948
3927:Mauritius
3917:1874β1963
3905:1757β1947
3899:1812β1824
3889:1685β1824
3887:Bencoolen
3881:1879β1919
3869:1839β1967
3784:1887β1897
3778:1890β1963
3772:1890β1962
3758:1900β1910
3756:Transvaal
3752:1922β1961
3746:1899β1956
3740:1893β1968
3738:Swaziland
3734:1900β1914
3722:1915β1931
3716:1910β1931
3710:1884β1960
3704:1792β1961
3698:1903β1976
3684:1900β1910
3678:1891β1964
3676:Nyasaland
3672:1924β1964
3666:1900β1914
3660:1914β1960
3654:1884β1900
3648:1856β1910
3642:1810β1968
3640:Mauritius
3636:1807β1808
3630:1862β1906
3624:1920β1963
3608:1816β1965
3602:1882β1922
3596:1895β1920
3590:1891β1907
3584:1806β1910
3578:1795β1803
3572:1919β1961
3570:Cameroons
3507:1813β1964
3501:1800β1813
3490:1921β1931
3475:1809β1864
3469:1807β1890
3460:Gibraltar
3455:1878β1960
3449:1794β1796
3403:*Current
3083:New Spain
2937:New Haven
2889:Jamestown
2555:Opponents
2373:145163326
2286:Historian
2277:470360764
2160:429487739
1230:Nantucket
1043:Governor
1039:In 1687,
735:John Hull
727:Charles I
145:Iroquoian
105:(English)
5215:Monarchy
5166:Category
5002:Colombia
4917:Kiribati
4794:Victoria
4734:Tasmania
4625:Virginia
4591:Stickeen
4579:Saybrook
4518:Plymouth
4464:New York
4402:Maryland
4394:Province
4357:Delaware
4327:Carolina
4319:Dominion
4313:Province
4276:Dominica
4224:Barbados
4196:Anguilla
4167:disputed
4148:Pakistan
4023:Maldives
3897:Billiton
3824:Rhodesia
3810:Tanzania
3806:Cameroon
3782:Zululand
3776:Zanzibar
3564:Botswana
3333:Category
2956:Carolina
2931:Saybrook
2919:Carolana
2901:Plymouth
2819:New York
2807:Delaware
2789:Maryland
2777:Virginia
2645:New York
2630:Plymouth
2483:Monarchs
2431:12783351
2317:11362972
2250:14212813
2204:16578800
2098:(1923).
1507:25080845
1480:57571000
1472:43285101
1405:See also
1185:de facto
1061:Iroquois
1059:and the
1053:New York
1008:New York
572:and the
564:and the
393:Currency
183:James II
100:(Latin)
5203:England
5189:Portals
5157:culture
4911:Vanuatu
4701:Oceania
4376:Jamaica
4369:Georgia
4289:Grenada
4244:Bermuda
4218:Bahamas
4204:Antigua
4085:Sarawak
3797:Namibia
3658:Nigeria
3634:Madeira
3554:Lesotho
3513:Minorca
3479:Ireland
3447:Corsica
3374:Former
2877:Roanoke
2849:Georgia
2336:1658888
2223:1876620
1240:in the
1144:Mary II
1080:Abenaki
923:Ipswich
667:Mary II
379: (
362: (
353:β’
342: (
333:β’
322: (
199:Mary II
165:Monarch
130:Capital
52: (
44: (
5176:Portal
4996:Now a
4967:Guiana
4921:Tuvalu
4524:Quebec
4296:Canada
4237:Belize
4129:Weihai
4073:Penang
4061:Padang
3991:Malaya
3985:Labuan
3979:Kuwait
3955:Cyprus
3949:Ceylon
3943:Brunei
3915:Borneo
3909:Bhutan
3903:Bengal
3839:Zambia
3770:Uganda
3532:Africa
3505:Colony
3495:Malta
3453:Cyprus
3441:Cyprus
3425:Europe
3391:Legend
3315:(1676)
3307:(1638)
3291:(1622)
3283:(1620)
3275:(1584)
3245:(1698)
2998:Quebec
2897:(1619)
2883:Popham
2664:Events
2429:
2402:366211
2400:
2371:
2363:
2334:
2315:
2275:
2265:
2248:
2238:
2221:
2202:
2192:
2158:
2148:
2118:395292
2116:
2106:
1802:
1505:
1478:
1470:
1353:Notes
1261:Title
1123:Cotton
1115:, and
1057:Albany
1049:Seneca
1014:, and
774:, the
770:, the
766:, the
252:
212:
197:&
168:
134:Boston
122:Status
4919:and *
4885:Nauru
4879:Samoa
4853:Tonga
4812:Papua
4422:Nevis
4307:Upper
4301:Lower
4144:India
4009:Union
3967:India
3937:Burma
3893:Banka
3744:Sudan
3646:Natal
3628:Lagos
3622:Kenya
3616:Ghana
3600:Egypt
2907:Maine
2398:JSTOR
2369:S2CID
2361:JSTOR
1503:JSTOR
1476:S2CID
1468:JSTOR
1350:Term
1258:Name
641:Maine
50:β1689
4915:Now
4909:Now
4859:Niue
4800:Fiji
4502:1843
4430:1579
4150:and
4142:Now
3973:Java
3929:and
3895:and
3857:Asia
3837:Now
3795:Now
2602:The
2502:and
2427:OCLC
2332:OCLC
2313:OCLC
2273:OCLC
2263:ISBN
2246:OCLC
2236:ISBN
2219:OCLC
2200:OCLC
2190:ISBN
2156:OCLC
2146:ISBN
2114:OCLC
2104:ISBN
1800:ISBN
1344:No.
1283:1684
1142:and
1125:and
887:Sir
858:and
689:and
635:and
556:The
381:1689
377:1689
324:1686
320:1686
86:Seal
73:Flag
54:1689
46:1686
42:1686
5000:of
2390:doi
2353:doi
2294:doi
2138:doi
1458:hdl
1450:doi
1087:on
782:).
5239::
4146:,
2947:c.
2411:,
2396:.
2386:62
2384:.
2367:.
2359:.
2349:46
2347:.
2290:30
2288:.
2271:.
2244:.
2198:.
2154:.
2144:.
2112:.
2102:.
1663:^
1499:91
1474:.
1466:.
1456:.
1446:87
1444:.
1388:3
1373:2
1358:1
1244:.
1228:,
1146:.
1111:,
1010:,
815:.
685:,
627:,
623:,
619:,
615:,
611:,
147:,
5191::
5131:.
5089:)
5076:)
4871:*
4864:*
4839:*
4820:/
4760:/
4732:/
4694:e
4687:t
4680:v
4571:*
4564:*
4557:*
4374:*
4343:/
4294:*
4287:*
4235:*
4216:*
4209:*
4202:*
3933:)
3812:.
3614:(
3562:(
3552:(
3443:)
3367:e
3360:t
3353:v
2952:)
2720:e
2713:t
2706:v
2468:e
2461:t
2454:v
2433:.
2404:.
2392::
2375:.
2355::
2338:.
2319:.
2300:.
2296::
2279:.
2252:.
2225:.
2206:.
2162:.
2140::
2120:.
1808:.
1509:.
1482:.
1460::
1452::
383:)
366:)
346:)
326:)
56:)
48:)
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
