44:
88:
439:
large and slightly oblique, and the teeth are present on vomer and palatines. The underside of the jaw is smooth with very little bumps and ridges. This species can vary in coloration and pattern. Usually they are pinkish-red or reddish- orange with brown spots usually present. Posteriorly, they get darker. These mottled colors do not extend to their ventral side, due to being bottom dwelling fish. It attains a maximum
63:
482:. They use cryptic coloration in order to avoid predation, and can vary in color. It usually has skin flaps on the head and dorsal side in order to blend in with corals and the rocky areas in which they dwell. Present in coral reefs and rockpools, they are bottom dwellers, usually only moving when disturbed.
438:
has a laterally compressed body, more so posteriorly. There are many tentacles attached to the head. The fish has a dorsal fin with 12 toxic spines and 9 soft rays. The anal fin has 3 spines and 5 soft rays. The pelvic fin has 1 spine and 5 soft rays. The caudal fin has 11 branched rays. The mouth is
1161:
1025:
1064:
1141:
999:
607:
1038:
831:
1166:
1087:
793:
Griffiths, Shane P. (2003). "Rockpool ichthyofaunas of temperate
Australia: species composition, residency and biogeographic patterns".
876:
850:
579:
1113:
1156:
621:
1043:
827:
353:
202:
947:
934:
1069:
87:
361:
1151:
925:
421:
390:
887:
952:
454:
is found in the temperate waters of the southwestern
Pacific Ocean. In New Zealand it is found from the
182:
550:
404:
1118:
1079:
973:
802:
603:
328:
52:
43:
1146:
211:
82:
1030:
1100:
1056:
960:
872:
670:
616:
364:, where the type was collected by Solander in 1769. This species has been placed in the genus
240:
1105:
939:
810:
714:
660:
545:
497:
feeding nocturnally. The bulk of its diet is made up of small fishes, although it also eats
463:
459:
310:
494:
369:
343:
332:
306:
198:
139:
806:
527:
360:
published in the Annals and
Magazine of Natural History. The type locality was given as
17:
475:
471:
467:
377:
129:
814:
693:
Motomura, H.; C.D. Struthers; M.A. McGrouther & A.L. Stewart (2011). "Validity of
1135:
1051:
846:
763:
575:
536:
455:
339:
72:
67:
965:
665:
648:
440:
395:
313:
149:
1012:
919:
910:
718:
674:
159:
99:
986:
904:
859:
734:"Order Perciformes (Part 9): Suborder Scorpaenoidei: Family Scorpaenidae"
588:
350:
336:
119:
991:
1004:
506:
1017:
502:
347:
316:, the scorpionfishes. It is found in the southwestern Pacific Ocean.
109:
881:
733:
732:
Christopher
Scharpf & Kenneth J. Lazara, eds. (2 October 2021).
1092:
871:, (William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1982)
498:
978:
885:
478:
but it is replaced on the mainland coast of
Australia by
649:"Scorpionfishes of New Zealand (Pisces: Scorpaenidae)"
894:
606:; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.).
551:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T69917385A70009717.en
738:The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database
869:Collins Guide to the Sea Fishes of New Zealand
358:Contributions to the ichthyology of Australia
8:
740:. Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara
1162:Taxa named by John Richardson (naturalist)
882:
570:
568:
61:
42:
31:
664:
549:
526:Motomura, H. & Matsuura, K. (2016).
368:, in 2011 this taxon was redefined as a
832:Integrated Taxonomic Information System
518:
757:
755:
688:
686:
684:
402:, as another valid species along with
388:was confirmed as a valid species with
642:
640:
638:
7:
1080:45f14b58-e925-457a-9ad9-b6bbdf6fe6cb
795:Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science
1142:IUCN Red List least concern species
537:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
705:(Scorpaeniformes: Scorpaenidae)".
331:in 1842 by the Swedish naturalist
25:
224:(Solander & Richardson, 1842)
867:Tony Ayling & Geoffrey Cox,
86:
666:10.1080/03014223.1982.10423875
653:New Zealand Journal of Zoology
622:California Academy of Sciences
416:were confirmed as synonyms of
1:
1167:Taxa named by Daniel Solander
815:10.1016/S0272-7714(03)00073-8
443:of 18 cm (7.1 in).
1183:
719:10.1007/s10228-011-0234-2
362:White Island, New Zealand
305:, is a species of marine
217:
210:
188:
181:
83:Scientific classification
81:
59:
50:
41:
34:
849:; Pauly, Daniel (eds.).
578:; Pauly, Daniel (eds.).
544:: e.T69917385A70009717.
447:Distribution and habitat
267:eastern red scorpionfish
18:New Zealand scorpionfish
863:. January 2006 version.
707:Ichthyological Research
697:and a redescription of
695:Scorpaena jacksoniensis
1157:Fish described in 1842
828:"Scorpaena cardinalis"
701:, a senior synonym of
608:"Species in the genus
592:. August 2021 version.
493:is a well-camouflaged
647:Paulin, C.D. (1982).
604:Eschmeyer, William N.
394:, which had been the
291:Northern scorpionfish
287:Kermadec scorpionfish
275:cardinal scorpionfish
940:Scorpaena_cardinalis
926:Scorpaena cardinalis
896:Scorpaena cardinalis
853:Scorpaena cardinalis
766:Scorpaena cardinalis
582:Scorpaena cardinalis
530:Scorpaena cardinalis
491:Scorpaena cardinalis
452:Scorpaena cardinalis
436:Scorpaena cardinalis
325:Scorpaena cardinalis
262:Scorpaena cardinalis
221:Ruboralga cardinalis
192:Scorpaena cardinalis
36:Scorpaena cardinalis
807:2003ECSS...58..173G
772:Fishes of Australia
762:Bray, D.J. (2018).
354:Sir John Richardson
327:was first formally
279:Cook's scorpionfish
53:Conservation status
774:. Museums Victoria
271:grandfather hapuku
174:S. cardinalis
1129:
1128:
1101:Open Tree of Life
888:Taxon identifiers
617:Catalog of Fishes
309:belonging to the
295:red scorpion fish
258:
257:
252:
244:
233:
229:Scorpaena plebeia
225:
76:
16:(Redirected from
1174:
1122:
1121:
1109:
1108:
1096:
1095:
1083:
1082:
1073:
1072:
1060:
1059:
1047:
1046:
1034:
1033:
1021:
1020:
1008:
1007:
995:
994:
982:
981:
969:
968:
956:
955:
943:
942:
930:
929:
928:
915:
914:
913:
883:
864:
842:
840:
838:
819:
818:
790:
784:
783:
781:
779:
759:
750:
749:
747:
745:
729:
723:
722:
690:
679:
678:
668:
644:
633:
632:
630:
628:
600:
594:
593:
572:
563:
562:
560:
558:
553:
523:
480:S. jacksoniensis
464:Lord Howe Island
460:Kermadec Islands
458:northwards, the
391:S. jacksoniensis
356:in Richardson's
299:red scorpion-cod
250:
248:Ruboralga cookii
239:
237:Scorpaena cookii
231:
223:
194:
91:
90:
70:
65:
64:
46:
32:
21:
1182:
1181:
1177:
1176:
1175:
1173:
1172:
1171:
1152:Viviparous fish
1132:
1131:
1130:
1125:
1117:
1112:
1104:
1099:
1091:
1086:
1078:
1076:
1068:
1063:
1055:
1050:
1042:
1037:
1029:
1024:
1016:
1011:
1003:
998:
990:
985:
977:
972:
964:
959:
951:
946:
938:
933:
924:
923:
918:
909:
908:
903:
890:
845:
836:
834:
826:
823:
822:
792:
791:
787:
777:
775:
761:
760:
753:
743:
741:
731:
730:
726:
692:
691:
682:
646:
645:
636:
626:
624:
602:
601:
597:
574:
573:
566:
556:
554:
525:
524:
520:
515:
495:ambush predator
488:
472:Elizabeth Reefs
449:
433:
408:while the taxa
376:confirmed as a
370:species complex
333:Daniel Solander
322:
307:ray-finned fish
251:(Günther, 1874)
206:
196:
190:
177:
140:Scorpaeniformes
85:
77:
66:
62:
55:
28:
27:Species of fish
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1180:
1178:
1170:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1134:
1133:
1127:
1126:
1124:
1123:
1110:
1097:
1084:
1074:
1061:
1048:
1035:
1022:
1009:
996:
983:
970:
957:
944:
931:
916:
900:
898:
892:
891:
886:
880:
879:
865:
847:Froese, Rainer
843:
821:
820:
801:(1): 173–186.
785:
751:
724:
713:(4): 315–332.
680:
659:(4): 437–450.
634:
595:
576:Froese, Rainer
564:
517:
516:
514:
511:
487:
484:
476:Norfolk Island
448:
445:
432:
429:
378:junior synonym
321:
318:
283:Cook's rockcod
256:
255:
254:
253:
245:
234:
232:Solander, 1842
226:
215:
214:
208:
207:
197:
186:
185:
179:
178:
171:
169:
165:
164:
157:
153:
152:
147:
143:
142:
137:
133:
132:
130:Actinopterygii
127:
123:
122:
117:
113:
112:
107:
103:
102:
97:
93:
92:
79:
78:
60:
57:
56:
51:
48:
47:
39:
38:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1179:
1168:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1158:
1155:
1153:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1143:
1140:
1139:
1137:
1120:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1102:
1098:
1094:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1075:
1071:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1014:
1010:
1006:
1001:
997:
993:
988:
984:
980:
975:
971:
967:
962:
958:
954:
949:
945:
941:
936:
932:
927:
921:
917:
912:
906:
902:
901:
899:
897:
893:
889:
884:
878:
877:0-00-216987-8
874:
870:
866:
862:
861:
856:
854:
848:
844:
833:
829:
825:
824:
816:
812:
808:
804:
800:
796:
789:
786:
773:
769:
767:
758:
756:
752:
739:
735:
728:
725:
720:
716:
712:
708:
704:
700:
699:S. cardinalis
696:
689:
687:
685:
681:
676:
672:
667:
662:
658:
654:
650:
643:
641:
639:
635:
623:
619:
618:
613:
611:
605:
599:
596:
591:
590:
585:
583:
577:
571:
569:
565:
552:
547:
543:
539:
538:
533:
531:
522:
519:
512:
510:
508:
504:
500:
496:
492:
485:
483:
481:
477:
473:
469:
465:
461:
457:
456:Bay of Plenty
453:
446:
444:
442:
437:
430:
428:
427:means "red".
426:
423:
422:specific name
419:
418:S. cardinalis
415:
411:
407:
406:
401:
397:
393:
392:
387:
386:S. cardinalis
383:
379:
375:
371:
367:
363:
359:
355:
352:
349:
345:
341:
340:naval surgeon
338:
334:
330:
326:
319:
317:
315:
312:
308:
304:
303:Sandy-bay cod
300:
296:
292:
288:
284:
280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
263:
249:
246:
242:
238:
235:
230:
227:
222:
219:
218:
216:
213:
209:
204:
203:J. Richardson
200:
195:
193:
187:
184:
183:Binomial name
180:
176:
175:
170:
167:
166:
163:
162:
158:
155:
154:
151:
148:
145:
144:
141:
138:
135:
134:
131:
128:
125:
124:
121:
118:
115:
114:
111:
108:
105:
104:
101:
98:
95:
94:
89:
84:
80:
74:
69:
68:Least Concern
58:
54:
49:
45:
40:
37:
33:
30:
19:
895:
868:
858:
852:
835:. Retrieved
798:
794:
788:
776:. Retrieved
771:
765:
742:. Retrieved
737:
727:
710:
706:
702:
698:
694:
656:
652:
625:. Retrieved
615:
609:
598:
587:
581:
555:. Retrieved
541:
535:
529:
521:
490:
489:
479:
451:
450:
441:total length
435:
434:
424:
417:
413:
409:
403:
399:
396:type species
389:
385:
381:
373:
365:
357:
324:
323:
314:Scorpaenidae
302:
298:
294:
290:
286:
282:
278:
274:
270:
266:
261:
260:
259:
247:
236:
228:
220:
191:
189:
173:
172:
160:
150:Scorpaenidae
35:
29:
1013:iNaturalist
920:Wikispecies
557:19 November
431:Description
1136:Categories
778:8 February
744:8 February
627:8 February
513:References
425:cardinalis
414:S. plebeia
344:naturalist
1147:Scorpaena
703:S. cookii
675:0301-4223
610:Scorpaena
468:Middleton
410:S. cookii
405:S. orgila
400:Ruboralga
382:Scorpaena
374:Ruboralga
366:Ruboralga
335:and the
329:described
168:Species:
161:Scorpaena
106:Kingdom:
100:Eukaryota
1057:69917385
1031:10137015
987:FishBase
911:Q1878393
905:Wikidata
860:FishBase
837:19 March
589:FishBase
351:explorer
337:Scottish
320:Taxonomy
212:Synonyms
199:Solander
146:Family:
120:Chordata
116:Phylum:
110:Animalia
96:Domain:
73:IUCN 3.1
1106:1089242
1005:2334612
803:Bibcode
507:octopus
503:shrimps
486:Biology
241:Günther
156:Genus:
136:Order:
126:Class:
71: (
1119:274702
1093:274702
1077:NZOR:
1070:334977
1044:166844
1018:197114
979:216476
875:
673:
505:, and
470:&
420:. The
348:Arctic
311:family
265:, the
243:, 1874
205:, 1842
201:&
1114:WoRMS
1026:IRMNG
992:46983
966:4VWQ8
953:10748
499:crabs
372:with
1088:OBIS
1065:NCBI
1052:IUCN
1039:ITIS
1000:GBIF
948:BOLD
873:ISBN
839:2006
780:2022
746:2022
671:ISSN
629:2022
559:2021
542:2016
474:and
412:and
346:and
974:EoL
961:CoL
935:AFD
811:doi
715:doi
661:doi
546:doi
398:of
380:of
301:or
1138::
1116::
1103::
1090::
1067::
1054::
1041::
1028::
1015::
1002::
989::
976::
963::
950::
937::
922::
907::
857:.
830:.
809:.
799:58
797:.
770:.
754:^
736:.
711:58
709:.
683:^
669:.
655:.
651:.
637:^
620:.
614:.
586:.
567:^
540:.
534:.
509:.
501:,
466:,
462:,
384:,
342:,
297:,
293:,
289:,
285:,
281:,
277:,
273:,
269:,
855:"
851:"
841:.
817:.
813::
805::
782:.
768:"
764:"
748:.
721:.
717::
677:.
663::
657:9
631:.
612:"
584:"
580:"
561:.
548::
532:"
528:"
75:)
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
