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use of the old foundations and even some masonry. The abbot's house (built after 1686) had been demolished in the early 19th century. One of the outer economic buildings (1717) survives, the others were reconstructed, in parts using old materials. They today house a rehab facility for people with psychiatric disorders. Around two-thirds of the enclosing wall with archway from 1719 remain. Of a
790:). The area had been a property of the abbey since the Middle Ages. In 1803, it passed to the family of Löwenstein-Wertheim who remain its owners today. The structures (barn, house and chapel) date from the 12th century. A 17th-century choir replaced the Romanesque apse under abbot Krieg, whose coat-of-arms adorns the building. The chapel has been deconsecrated, but was dedicated to
348:). Despite this overlordship, Neustadt largely managed to maintain its significant land holdings over the following centuries and strove to regain its independence into the 13th century. In the course of these struggles, the 12th-century forgery was created, seemingly to compensate for the loss of the original charter. There was also some confusion about the identity of the
60:
284:, chartered by the Franconian king and not subject to control by a bishop. The Royal charter issued in 794 has been lost, a document long held to be the foundation charter was later discovered to be a forgery from c. 1200. However, Charlemagne is known to have supported the abbey financially and gifted it with large properties in the nearby
714:
Almost nothing remains of the
Romanesque monastery except a few pieces now in the small museum. The convent structures which burned down in 1857 were mostly from the period of Julius Echter. In 1960-62, the Dominican nuns replaced the demolished ruins of these buildings with new construction making
404:
on abbey land contrary to the abbot's wishes, but with support from the bishop. The
Rieneck family also managed to take many rights and privileges from the abbey. In 1343, the bishop tried to force an administrator from a Würzburg monastery on the abbey. Depending on the power positions of emperor
484:
deposed him, appointing Prior
Valentin Minor as administrator in 1615. Echter forced the abbey to rebuild in 1615-23, causing it to incur substantial debts. The old monastery was demolished and replaced by new buildings, the church was rebuilt. Further damage followed in the
489:, when the abbey was occupied by Swedish troops in 1633 and plundered twice (in 1636/37 and 1648). From 1632 to 1634 during the Swedish occupation of Franconia, the abbey became the property of Laurentius Gubben von Nabben. In 1635, six monks died during an outbreak of the
767:
was the parish church of
Neustadt am Main. It then passed to the Löwenstein family. In 1978, it was gifted by Karl, Fürst zu Löwenstein to the municipality. The church was renovated in 1981-89. Today, the church serves as the cemetery chapel and is closed to the public.
420:
However, despite these struggles the abbey was also successful in protecting and even expanding its territory in the face of rival feudal rulers like
Rieneck, Würzburg and the Archbishop of Mainz, who held territory in the Spessart. It established two
606:
added. Another renovation followed in 1837 under the
Princes of Löwenstein-Wertheim. A fire caused by lightning destroyed the church and much of the monastic buildings around it in 1857. The church was subsequently reconstructed based on plans by
615:, by builders Friedrich Wießler and Wilhelm Sentjens, and rededicated in 1879. Despite the substantial changes made at that point to the medieval structure, the church is considered one of the most important Romanesque buildings in the region.
511:
A late flowering of the abbey and local arts and sciences came under abbot
Bernhard Krieg (1703–29) who had many Baroque buildings in the area constructed. Under abbot Benedikt Lurz (1764–88) the long feud with Würzburg was finally settled.
697:
was redesigned in the early 12th century. The larger chapel was definitely used by the 17th century as a burial site for the local clergy. It was demolished in 1841. Due to 20th-century excavations, the foundations can now be viewed again.
685:. It possibly served as a first temporary chapel to the newly arrived monks, later expanded. However, the structures visible today are located on top of remains of a smaller and earlier church. They are thus unlikely to be
678:, where remains of a small church have been discovered. It may have been where the 12th-century church stands today. Or it may have been sited where larger foundations were excavated in 1968/69, north of the parish church.
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on the
Michaelsberg mostly dates from the first half of the 13th century, with some significant alterations made in 1729-33. It stands on the foundations of two previous structures. The earlier one was an
476:
was made Prince-bishop of Würzburg in 1558 he immediately took steps and had all documents and charters of the abbey seized and brought to Würzburg, thus robbing the abbey of any means of legal defence.
630:). In return, the church received plaster casts of the pieces, financial support and two paintings loaned from the Pinakothek at Munich. More renovation work (interior 1968/69, exterior 1989) followed.
529:
539:
In 1869-79, the parish church was rebuilt after its destruction by lightning in 1857. In 1907, what remained of the abbey buildings was taken over by nuns of the "Dominican Order of Saint
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measuring 120 m by 100 m. It was probably built between 770 and 850. and likely served as a retreat for the people of the village on the river as well as an outlook over the river, the
689:
and are thought to date to the late 10th or early 11th century. A layer of ash may indicate that the earlier church was destroyed by fire, which could indicate a connection with the
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with an apse to the east. The second, smaller one, had no choir and was likely half-timbered with no masonry foundations. The earlier chapel likely dates from the period 770-850.
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served as a local attraction, destination for day-trippers and site of festivities. It also hosted a tavern. Today, the farmyard and chapel are inaccessible to the public.
1131:
Erwägungen zur
Topographie und Geschichte des Klosters Neustadt am Main und seiner Mark. Versuch einer Annäherung der archäologischen und historischen Quellenaussagen
253:. This location apparently marked a Frankish hunting lodge, gifted by a local count, Hatto. Reportedly, the consecration of the abbey church in 793 was attended by
1209:
315:
In the
Franconian church, the Neustadt abbot ranked second only to the bishop. However, in the late 10th century, the abbey came under the influence of the
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587:. Although findings indicate earlier structures in this location, the current building mostly dates from the early 12th century. It was built in
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followed in 1913/14. Father Riedmann, the priest at the time, had sold off various valuable Romanesque works of art to what is today the
371:), thus emphasizing its closeness to the king and emperor. In the 11th century the abbey was part of the reform movement emanating from
360:, but this Saint died in 659. Some references are made to her having been a sister of Charlemagne, but his sisters had other names.
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212:. Today its location is occupied by a (mostly newly constructed) monastery operated by the nuns of the "Dominican Order of Saint
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This farmyard is located on a hill around 3 kilometres from the abbey. The fields around it are completely enclosed by forest (
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in 1803. During its heyday in the early Middle Ages, the abbey was a political power that vied for regional influence with the
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Today, the church features numerous works of art, including Baroque altars and paintings, as well as late Romanesque reliefs/
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The location of the original abbey church from the 8th century is controversial. It may have been at the site of today's
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249:, retired from his post to found a monastery at what is today known as Michaelsberg, referred to in historic sources as
125:
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and tombs from Gothic through Renaissance times. The Romanesque baptismal font (c. 1150) is present only as a copy. A
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Making use of this, when abbot Martin Knödler refused to rebuild the church for financial reasons, Prince-bishop
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Neustadt am Main. Beiträge zur Geschichte der vor 1200 Jahren gegründeten ehemaligen Abtei (768/59–1968)
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352:, supposed to be a founder of the abbey. The later documents (and some works of art) made her out to be
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During the struggles for independence, the abbey's position and wealth was repeatedly damaged by its
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With substantial land holdings in the region, the abbey rose to become one of the most important in
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The hill has been the site of five archaeological excavations (1914, 1934, 1974, 1982/3 and 1988).
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Die Klosterrestitutionen Ottos III. an das Bistum Würzburg. Ihre Voraussetzungen und Auswirkungen
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To establish the new foundation's independence from Würzburg, Megingoz succeeded in making it a
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The last abbot, Johann Weigand (1788-1803) successfully led the abbey during the period of the
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which "restored" the abbey along with others in the region to the Bishop of Würzburg, then
1120:
Das gefälschte Gründungsprivileg Karls des Großen für das Spessartkloster Neustadt am Main
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220:. The former abbey church today serves as the Catholic parish church for Neustadt.
196:. It existed from the 8th century until the dissolution of abbeys in the course of
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528:. 19 brothers and two novices were expelled. The abbey's properties were given to
269:, who succeeded Megingoz as Bishop of Würzburg, sent 50 monks to join him at this
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Pathways to Cultural Landscapes - Neustadt (German, with English summaries)
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south of the abbey, only the summer house of the abbot and a well remain.
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and monks from Neustadt played a key role in bringing Christianity to the
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543:" from South Africa. By the early 1960s, the monastery had been rebuilt.
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Bezirksamt Lohr, Kunstdenkmäler des Königreichs Bayern Reihe III Bd. 9
409:
supported the abbey, freeing it from the jurisdiction of the Würzburg
634:
296:
262:
1081:
Dehio. Handbuch der Deutschen Kunstdenkmäler, Bayern Bd. 1 (Franken)
1158:
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Mitteilungen des Institutes für österreichische Geschichtsforschung
1048:"European Culture Trail - Margarethenhof (German, English summary)"
1026:"European Culture Trail - Michaelskirche (German, English summary)"
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1050:. Europäisches Koordinationsbüro Pathways to Cultural Landscapes
1028:. Europäisches Koordinationsbüro Pathways to Cultural Landscapes
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524:. However, on 22 January 1803, the abbey was dissolved during
798:, which may have once been a pagan holy site, now known as
1106:
Die Benediktinerklöster in Bayern (= Germania Benedictina)
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Kirchen und Kapellen der Pfarrei Neustadt am Main (German)
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The abbey was sacked and its church desecrated during the
681:
These foundations are all that remains of the chapel of
583:
The current parish church was formerly the abbey church
405:
and bishop, the fortunes of the abbey changed. Emperor
926:. Haus der Bayerischen Geschichte - Klöster in Bayern
307:, which was often led by the same abbot as Neustadt.
532:
in compensation for losses of territory west of the
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In 1555, Johann Fries became abbot and converted to
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Prince Konstantin von Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg
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1137:, Würzburg 1992, p. 163–204 und pp. 270
983:Grieben Reiseführer, Band 137: Spessart (German)
598:Under abbot Krieg small changes were made and a
465:in 1525. The church was rededicated in 1534/35.
618:The interior ornaments and the redesign of the
955:. Verwaltungsgemeinschaft Lohr. Archived from
59:
8:
1133:, in: Jürgen Lenssen / Ludwig Wamser (ed.):
563:Exterior of the church with outer abbey wall
19:
1190:Buildings and structures in Lower Franconia
1159:Official website of the Dominican monastery
413:(court) and granted it a toll on the river
265:(although the latter in fact died in 786).
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997:"Karolingisches Missionszentrum (German)"
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924:"Neustadt am Main - Geschichte (German)"
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400:). In 1148, Marquard von Grumbach built
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396:, the lords of Grumbach (from 1243 the
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16:German Benedictine monastery, 738–1803
1210:8th-century establishments in Germany
999:. Archäologisches Spessartprojekt e.V
802:, is located next to it. In the post-
7:
1146:Würzburger Diözesangeschichtsblätter
1092:Würzburger Diözesangeschichtsblätter
1074:Die Stiftskirche zu Neustadt am Main
1171:, from Neustadt am Main (in German)
1083:, München/Berlin 1999, pp. 670
653:contains additional pieces of art.
375:and in the 12th century joined the
241:) in a document from 768/769, when
1195:Benedictine monasteries in Germany
14:
1113:Klöster und Stifte in Mainfranken
953:"Neustadt - Geschichte (German)"
237:abbey here was first mentioned (
58:
51:
32:
1108:, München 1970, p. 183–188
820:List of Carolingian monasteries
710:Abbey wall with Baroque archway
1115:, Würzburg 1993, p. 44–48
1079:Breuer, Tilmann et al. (ed.):
876:Schaelow-Weber, Karen (2009).
641:attributed to the workshop of
259:Willibald, Bishop of Eichstätt
1:
1101:, München 1914, p. 56–88
757:and the nearby Royal forest.
579:Replica of the baptismal font
516:Dissolution and later history
880:. Kunstverlag-Peda, Passau.
981:Thiemig, Karl, ed. (1972).
303:, working closely with the
263:Lullus, Archbishop of Mainz
1236:
1135:1250 Jahre Bistum Würzburg
985:. Grieben Verlag, München.
751:almost rectangular rampart
649:. A small museum over the
504:from 1711 in the southern
229:Foundation and Royal abbey
202:Prince-bishops of Würzburg
522:French Revolutionary Wars
317:Prince-bishop of Würzburg
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41:, the former abbey church
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24:
1169:Homepage about the abbey
702:Other central structures
613:Romanesque Revival style
585:St. Maria und St. Martin
323:issued a charter at his
178:Kloster Neustadt am Main
26:Kloster Neustadt am Main
1205:Romanesque architecture
1126:58 (1950), p. 1–30
554:St. Michael und Gertrud
386:Cloister-like colonnade
335:Bernward von Rothenburg
67:Location within Germany
39:St. Michael und Gertrud
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1200:Monasteries in Bavaria
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683:St. Peter und St. Paul
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669:St. Peter und St. Paul
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643:Tilman Riemenschneider
624:Mainfränkisches Museum
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571:Interior of the church
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474:Friedrich von Wirsberg
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180:) was an abbey of the
174:Neustadt am Main Abbey
20:Neustadt am Main Abbey
1148:25 (1963), pp. 1
1094:30 (1968), pp. 7
1072:Boeckelmann, Walter:
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363:The abbey also added
76:Monastery information
1118:Stengel, Edmund E.:
645:can be found in the
354:Gertrude of Nivelles
311:Loss of independence
206:Archbishops of Mainz
148:49.93000°N 9.57028°E
628:Marienberg Fortress
457:Early modern period
443:Maria im Grünen Tal
301:Verden an der Aller
245:, second Bishop of
144: /
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1140:Zimmermann, Gerd:
1111:Schneider, Erich:
922:Schneider, Erich.
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214:Catherine of Siena
1104:Hemmerle, Josef:
887:978-3-89643-067-0
626:at Würzburg (see
487:Thirty Years' War
402:Rothenfels Castle
398:Counts of Rieneck
305:abbey at Amorbach
216:", also known as
210:Counts of Rieneck
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