239:
This is based on an unusual type of accelerator called an Fixed Field
Alternating Gradient (FFAG) that combines elements from the cyclotrons of the 1950s with modern automated magnet design processes, and new magnetic alloy radiofrequency accelerating gaps. The main advantage of these is that the
43:
that can travel in straight lines through normal matter for thousands of kilometres. The source of the neutrinos would be the decay of accelerated muons in straight sections of a storage ring. The technical issues surrounding these projects are broadly similar to those of a
240:
magnetic fields are fixed and do not have to be synchronised to the beam in any way, yet the beam naturally moves into regions of higher field as its energy increases, allowing for very rapid acceleration without the difficulties found in very rapid-cycling
177:
The
International Design Study seeks to present a design report for the Neutrino Factory that details the physics performance, schedule and costs by 2012. The study will include contributions from all regions in a combined Reference Design Report.
91:
The project is currently in the conceptual design stage. An international "Scoping Study" was completed in 2007 and an international effort proceeded to write a design report which inspired various later experimental concepts.
429:(Report). Fermi National Accelerator Lab. (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States); Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States); Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (TJNAF), Newport News, VA (United States).
1327:
326:
Baussan, E.; Blennow, M.; Bogomilov, M.; Bouquerel, E.; Caretta, O.; Cederkäll, J.; Christiansen, P.; Coloma, P.; Cupial, P.; Danared, H.; Davenne, T.; Densham, C.; Dracos, M.; Ekelöf, T.; Eshraqi, M. (2014).
206:
project is even more ambitious than the
Neutrino Factory. In the Muon Collider, the muons will be inserted into a very high-energy collider ring, aiming to reach higher concentrations of energy than even the
107:
849:
84:). The properties of the neutrinos will be examined at the remote sites to determine how neutrinos evolve over time. This will provide information about their masses and
1180:
943:
823:
564:
137:, these accelerators will enable major advances in the study of neutrinos and their interactions. In particular, the following scientific objectives can be mentioned:
111:
1150:
95:
Many new technologies are being pioneered for this type of experiments, including the use of liquid metal jets as a target for pion production, under test in the
1024:
792:
425:
Bogacz, Alex; Brdar, Vedran; Bross, Alan; de Gouvêa, André; Delahaye, Jean-Pierre; Huber, Patrick; Hostert, Matheus; Kelly, Kevin J.; Long, Ken (2022-03-15).
599:
828:
1065:
1170:
1100:
1039:
757:
1261:
1419:
198:(MAP) unified the United States Department of Energy research support for Muon Colliders and Neutrino Factories. (Both projects involve producing
1175:
122:
Up until the 1990s, neutrinos were assumed to be massless, but experimental results from searches for solar neutrinos (those produced in the
622:
1409:
1200:
1049:
1029:
818:
268:
1378:
1301:
742:
376:
Delahaye, J.-P.; Ankenbrandt, C. M.; Bogacz, S. A.; Huber, P.; Kirk, H. G.; Neuffer, D.; Palmer, M. A.; Ryne, R.; Snopok, P. V. (2018).
81:
1337:
1256:
147:
1332:
1291:
1266:
1195:
910:
649:
592:
329:"A very intense neutrino super beam experiment for leptonic CP violation discovery based on the European spallation source linac"
126:'s core) and others are inconsistent with this assumption, and thus indicate that the neutrino does have a very small mass (see
1414:
1210:
920:
802:
311:
Choubey, S.; Gandhi, R.; Goswami, S.; Berg, J. S.; Fernow, R.; Gallardo, J. C.; Gupta, R.; Kirk, H.; Simos, N. (2011-10-01).
1276:
1230:
212:
1388:
1220:
1130:
1080:
777:
608:
752:
1368:
772:
767:
585:
1251:
1105:
1296:
60:
and fire it downwards, probably in two beams emitted in different directions from a racetrack shaped underground
1120:
523:
195:
141:
High-precision studies of neutrino oscillation parameters (in particular those related to electron neutrinos).
1306:
454:
127:
1271:
782:
224:
208:
40:
953:
1135:
1009:
703:
273:
32:
1373:
1160:
1140:
747:
577:
1286:
1075:
1014:
734:
389:
340:
64:
storage ring, until the beams resurface at other points. One example could be a complex in the
854:
833:
626:
407:
358:
278:
160:
134:
1205:
1034:
989:
933:
905:
797:
399:
350:
156:
85:
73:
928:
1145:
1070:
874:
403:
231:
continue with meetings and involvement in international experiments and collaborations.
1342:
1322:
1155:
889:
65:
56:
The
Neutrino Factory will create a fairly focused beam of neutrinos at one site on the
1403:
653:
258:
203:
45:
377:
354:
97:
1095:
680:
328:
241:
17:
570:
313:
Interim Design Report for the
International Design Study for a Neutrino Factory
297:
1115:
1019:
864:
859:
551:. Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan: High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, KEK.
315:(Report). Fermi National Accelerator Lab. (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States).
411:
362:
114:
for reducing the divergence in the muon beam during the intermediate stages.
869:
253:
36:
548:
1352:
1347:
1225:
1215:
948:
762:
708:
501:
263:
1190:
223:
CERN did a design study a few years ago, before effort moved on to the
480:"MUON1 distributed computing project for design work on the UK device"
426:
312:
1383:
1165:
1125:
1110:
1044:
984:
958:
526:. Japan: Fixed Field Alternating Gradient Accelerator. Archived from
228:
202:
and holding them in a storage ring, so there was much overlap.) The
963:
527:
394:
146:
The search for neutrino interactions beyond those predicted by the
1246:
1185:
1090:
1085:
968:
938:
787:
676:
479:
345:
77:
69:
57:
884:
879:
199:
101:
61:
581:
458:
211:(LHC) (first collisions produced in 2010) or perhaps even the
123:
440:
35:
complex intended to measure in detail the properties of
493:
108:
1361:
1315:
1239:
1058:
1002:
977:
919:
898:
842:
811:
733:
718:
615:
378:"The NuMAX Long Baseline Neutrino Factory concept"
215:(LCC) experiments (design incomplete as of 2019.)
186:There is a United Kingdom Neutrino Factory group.
565:International Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment
609:Neutrino detectors, experiments, and facilities
593:
8:
1369:BNO (Baksan or Baxan Neutrino Observatory)
730:
600:
586:
578:
393:
344:
133:By producing an intense beam of muon and
112:liquid hydrogen energy reduction cavities
110:, under test in the EMMA experiment, and
39:, which are extremely weakly interacting
427:The Physics Case for a Neutrino Factory
289:
7:
269:Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment
148:Standard Model of particle physics
25:
1333:Long Baseline Neutrino Experiment
494:"Muon Accelerator Program (MAP)"
355:10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2014.05.016
1420:Proposed particle accelerators
455:"UK Neutrino Factory Homepage"
404:10.1088/1748-0221/13/06/T06003
190:U. S. Muon Accelerator Program
1:
650:Lederman–Schwartz–Steinberger
573:. International Design Study.
213:Linear Collider Collaboration
1389:List of neutrino experiments
441:"International Design Study"
1410:Particle physics facilities
1436:
549:"Neutrino Research at KEK"
382:Journal of Instrumentation
173:International Design Study
168:Associated design efforts
196:Muon Accelerator Program
298:"FrontPage/GeneralInfo"
219:European Neutrino Group
1415:Neutrino observatories
128:Solar neutrino problem
31:is a type of proposed
209:Large Hadron Collider
118:Scientific objectives
41:fundamental particles
704:Neutrino oscillation
274:Neutrino oscillation
33:particle accelerator
1374:Kamioka Observatory
182:UK Neutrino Factory
135:electron neutrinos
98:"MERIT experiment"
1397:
1396:
1131:Heidelberg-Moscow
998:
997:
855:ICARUS (Fermilab)
333:Nuclear Physics B
279:Neutrino detector
161:light dark matter
157:sterile neutrinos
68:sending beams to
16:(Redirected from
1427:
1282:Neutrino Factory
1035:Hyper-Kamiokande
798:Super-Kamiokande
731:
698:
697:
696:
688:
687:
671:
670:
669:
661:
660:
644:
643:
642:
634:
633:
602:
595:
588:
579:
574:
553:
552:
545:
539:
538:
536:
535:
520:
514:
513:
511:
509:
490:
484:
483:
476:
470:
469:
467:
466:
457:. Archived from
451:
445:
444:
437:
431:
430:
422:
416:
415:
397:
373:
367:
366:
348:
323:
317:
316:
308:
302:
301:
294:
227:. Activities in
105:
86:weak interaction
74:Super-Kamiokande
29:Neutrino Factory
21:
18:Neutrino factory
1435:
1434:
1430:
1429:
1428:
1426:
1425:
1424:
1400:
1399:
1398:
1393:
1357:
1311:
1235:
1054:
994:
973:
915:
894:
838:
807:
726:
724:
722:
720:
714:
695:
692:
691:
690:
686:
684:
683:
682:
681:
668:
665:
664:
663:
659:
657:
656:
655:
654:
641:
638:
637:
636:
632:
630:
629:
628:
627:
611:
606:
569:
561:
556:
547:
546:
542:
533:
531:
522:
521:
517:
507:
505:
504:. 20 April 2018
492:
491:
487:
478:
477:
473:
464:
462:
453:
452:
448:
439:
438:
434:
424:
423:
419:
375:
374:
370:
325:
324:
320:
310:
309:
305:
296:
295:
291:
287:
250:
237:
235:Japanese design
221:
192:
184:
175:
170:
155:The search for
120:
96:
54:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1433:
1431:
1423:
1422:
1417:
1412:
1402:
1401:
1395:
1394:
1392:
1391:
1386:
1381:
1376:
1371:
1365:
1363:
1359:
1358:
1356:
1355:
1350:
1345:
1343:NESTOR Project
1340:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1323:DUMAND Project
1319:
1317:
1313:
1312:
1310:
1309:
1304:
1299:
1294:
1289:
1284:
1279:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1249:
1243:
1241:
1237:
1236:
1234:
1233:
1228:
1223:
1218:
1213:
1208:
1203:
1198:
1193:
1188:
1183:
1178:
1173:
1168:
1163:
1158:
1153:
1148:
1143:
1138:
1133:
1128:
1123:
1118:
1113:
1108:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1073:
1068:
1062:
1060:
1056:
1055:
1053:
1052:
1047:
1042:
1037:
1032:
1027:
1022:
1017:
1012:
1006:
1004:
1000:
999:
996:
995:
993:
992:
987:
981:
979:
975:
974:
972:
971:
966:
961:
956:
951:
946:
941:
936:
931:
925:
923:
917:
916:
914:
913:
908:
902:
900:
896:
895:
893:
892:
887:
882:
877:
872:
867:
862:
857:
852:
846:
844:
840:
839:
837:
836:
831:
826:
821:
815:
813:
809:
808:
806:
805:
800:
795:
790:
785:
780:
775:
770:
765:
760:
755:
750:
745:
739:
737:
728:
716:
715:
713:
712:
711:neutrino burst
706:
701:
693:
685:
674:
666:
658:
647:
639:
631:
619:
617:
613:
612:
607:
605:
604:
597:
590:
582:
576:
575:
571:"General Info"
567:
560:
559:External links
557:
555:
554:
540:
515:
485:
471:
446:
432:
417:
388:(06): T06003.
368:
318:
303:
288:
286:
283:
282:
281:
276:
271:
266:
261:
256:
249:
246:
236:
233:
220:
217:
191:
188:
183:
180:
174:
171:
169:
166:
165:
164:
152:
151:
143:
142:
119:
116:
53:
50:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1432:
1421:
1418:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1407:
1405:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1367:
1366:
1364:
1360:
1354:
1351:
1349:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1331:
1329:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1320:
1318:
1314:
1308:
1305:
1303:
1300:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1288:
1285:
1283:
1280:
1278:
1275:
1273:
1270:
1268:
1265:
1263:
1260:
1258:
1255:
1253:
1250:
1248:
1245:
1244:
1242:
1238:
1232:
1229:
1227:
1224:
1222:
1219:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1197:
1194:
1192:
1189:
1187:
1184:
1182:
1179:
1177:
1174:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1164:
1162:
1159:
1157:
1154:
1152:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1142:
1139:
1137:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1127:
1124:
1122:
1119:
1117:
1114:
1112:
1109:
1107:
1104:
1102:
1099:
1097:
1094:
1092:
1089:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1063:
1061:
1057:
1051:
1048:
1046:
1043:
1041:
1038:
1036:
1033:
1031:
1028:
1026:
1023:
1021:
1018:
1016:
1013:
1011:
1008:
1007:
1005:
1001:
991:
988:
986:
983:
982:
980:
976:
970:
967:
965:
962:
960:
957:
955:
952:
950:
947:
945:
942:
940:
937:
935:
932:
930:
927:
926:
924:
922:
918:
912:
909:
907:
904:
903:
901:
897:
891:
888:
886:
883:
881:
878:
876:
873:
871:
868:
866:
863:
861:
858:
856:
853:
851:
848:
847:
845:
841:
835:
832:
830:
827:
825:
822:
820:
817:
816:
814:
810:
804:
801:
799:
796:
794:
791:
789:
786:
784:
781:
779:
776:
774:
771:
769:
766:
764:
761:
759:
756:
754:
751:
749:
746:
744:
741:
740:
738:
736:
732:
729:
717:
710:
707:
705:
702:
699:
678:
675:
672:
651:
648:
645:
624:
621:
620:
618:
614:
610:
603:
598:
596:
591:
589:
584:
583:
580:
572:
568:
566:
563:
562:
558:
550:
544:
541:
530:on 2005-04-15
529:
525:
519:
516:
503:
499:
495:
489:
486:
481:
475:
472:
461:on 2005-03-25
460:
456:
450:
447:
442:
436:
433:
428:
421:
418:
413:
409:
405:
401:
396:
391:
387:
383:
379:
372:
369:
364:
360:
356:
352:
347:
342:
338:
334:
330:
322:
319:
314:
307:
304:
299:
293:
290:
284:
280:
277:
275:
272:
270:
267:
265:
262:
260:
259:Higgs Factory
257:
255:
252:
251:
247:
245:
243:
234:
232:
230:
226:
218:
216:
214:
210:
205:
204:Muon Collider
201:
197:
194:In 2010, the
189:
187:
181:
179:
172:
167:
162:
158:
154:
153:
149:
145:
144:
140:
139:
138:
136:
131:
129:
125:
117:
115:
113:
109:
106:, the use of
103:
99:
93:
89:
87:
83:
79:
75:
71:
67:
63:
59:
51:
49:
47:
46:muon collider
42:
38:
34:
30:
19:
1338:NEMO Project
1281:
1096:Double Chooz
1003:Construction
735:Astronomical
623:Cowan–Reines
543:
532:. Retrieved
528:the original
518:
506:. Retrieved
497:
488:
474:
463:. Retrieved
459:the original
449:
435:
420:
385:
381:
371:
336:
332:
321:
306:
292:
242:synchrotrons
238:
222:
193:
185:
176:
132:
121:
94:
90:
88:properties.
55:
28:
26:
944:KamLAND-Zen
843:Accelerator
721:(divided by
616:Discoveries
339:: 127–149.
300:. IDS Wiki.
1404:Categories
1161:Kamiokande
1116:Gargamelle
1020:Baikal-GVD
875:NA61/SHINE
860:MicroBooNE
534:2005-05-27
524:"Homepage"
465:2005-05-27
395:1803.07431
285:References
1316:Cancelled
1136:Homestake
1086:Cuoricino
1050:SuperNEMO
870:MiniBooNE
719:Operating
412:1748-0221
363:0550-3213
346:1309.7022
254:B-factory
37:neutrinos
1362:See also
1307:WATCHMAN
1257:JEM-EUSO
1240:Proposed
1226:Soudan 2
1216:SciBooNE
949:MAJORANA
899:Collider
819:Daya Bay
763:Borexino
725:neutrino
502:Fermilab
498:fnal.gov
264:Neutrino
248:See also
52:Function
1287:Nucifer
1106:EXO-200
1059:Retired
1015:ARIANNA
911:SND@LHC
865:MINERνA
824:KamLAND
812:Reactor
778:IceCube
748:ANTARES
727:source)
723:primary
709:SN 1987
1384:SNOLAB
1328:LAGUNA
1272:LEGEND
1191:MINOS+
1166:KARMEN
1141:ICARUS
1111:GALLEX
1066:AMANDA
1045:KM3NeT
985:KATRIN
959:PandaX
834:STEREO
694:τ
689:ν
667:μ
662:ν
635:ν
508:14 May
410:
361:
229:Europe
76:) and
1353:BOREX
1292:P-ONE
1262:GRAND
1247:CUPID
1206:OPERA
1186:MINOS
1181:MACRO
1121:GERDA
1091:DONUT
1076:Chooz
990:WITCH
978:Other
969:XMASS
939:CUORE
934:COBRA
929:AMoRE
906:FASER
850:ANNIE
803:SNEWS
788:NEVOD
758:BDUNT
743:ANITA
677:DONUT
390:arXiv
341:arXiv
200:muons
78:Italy
72:(see
70:Japan
58:Earth
1379:LNGS
1297:SBND
1277:LENA
1252:nEXO
1231:Utah
1211:RICE
1201:NEMO
1196:NARC
1176:LSND
1146:IGEX
1101:ERPM
1081:CNGS
1071:CDHS
1040:JUNO
1030:DUNE
1025:BEST
964:SNO+
954:NEXT
921:0νββ
885:NuMI
880:NOvA
829:RENO
793:SAGE
773:HALO
768:BUST
510:2019
408:ISSN
359:ISSN
159:and
102:CERN
82:LNGS
62:muon
27:The
1348:SOX
1302:UNO
1267:INO
1221:SNO
1171:KGF
1156:K2K
1151:IMB
1126:GNO
1010:ARA
890:T2K
783:LVD
753:ASD
400:doi
351:doi
337:885
225:LHC
130:).
124:Sun
1406::
500:.
496:.
406:.
398:.
386:13
384:.
380:.
357:.
349:.
335:.
331:.
244:.
100:.
66:UK
48:.
700:)
679:(
673:)
652:(
646:)
640:e
625:(
601:e
594:t
587:v
537:.
512:.
482:.
468:.
443:.
414:.
402::
392::
365:.
353::
343::
163:.
150:.
104:.
80:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.