766:
1588:
759:
97:, may rest upon a flawed assumption of marked "tribal" differences based on Ngiyampaa linguistic discriminations between internal groups or clans whose word for "no" varied.
1623:
1616:
1646:
1581:
752:
1595:
1560:
218:
A further distinction was drawn between the above three groups and two groups of river people whose descendants now dwell to the east and west of the
1609:
1651:
1602:
669:
1437:
640:
250:
In 1914 a regional newspaper stated that there had been a massacre in 1859 of around 300 Ngiyampaa at
Hospital Creek, close to
736:
114:
93:. The distinction between Ngiyampaa, Wangaaypuwan, and Wayilwan traditionally drawn, and sanctioned by the classification of
794:
681:"What's in a name? An etymological view of land, language and social identification from central western New South Wales"
122:
661:
917:
836:
733:
Aboriginal Tribes of
Australia: Their Terrain, Environmental Controls, Distribution, Limits, and Proper Names
775:
680:
36:
1519:
1481:
1464:
163:, is an important site for the Ngiyampaa people, who were barred from accessing it until the 1970s.
1471:
1447:
214:
or 'stone people', those associated with the stony terrain north of the
Ngiyampaa's camping world.
1526:
1502:
1495:
1331:
712:
703:
688:
651:
184:
109:, "country") extended over some 6,600 square miles (17,000 km) in the territory, much of it
66:
60:
1540:
1509:
1430:
924:
910:
728:
665:
636:
655:
175:) is attested between three groups, all inhabiting areas devoid of permanent watercourses.
69:, which was composed of two dialects, Ngiyambaa Wangaaypuwan and Wayilwan Ngiyambaa. The
1533:
1488:
1454:
1335:
1323:
779:
285:
40:
744:
1339:
861:
724:
156:
94:
1640:
1405:
1343:
1015:
629:
Beckett, Jeremy; Donaldson, Tamsin; Steadman, Bradley; Meredith, Steve (April 2003).
195:
118:
1267:
1239:
1120:
994:
826:
126:
70:
44:
1370:
1260:
1211:
1113:
1050:
882:
134:
130:
43:. The generic name refers to an aggregation of three groups, the Ngiyampaa, the
405:
403:
1246:
1232:
1085:
1043:
1008:
966:
959:
945:
251:
146:
81:
to say "no", as opposed to the
Ngiyampaa in the Macquarie Marshes and towards
1384:
1288:
1281:
1183:
1176:
1169:
1127:
1064:
819:
295:
150:
142:
110:
854:
632:
Yapapunakirri Let's Track Back: The
Aboriginal World Around Mount Grenfell
1391:
1302:
1295:
1218:
1197:
1190:
1106:
1078:
1071:
1029:
1022:
987:
980:
973:
938:
896:
889:
868:
316:
86:
48:
716:
701:
Donaldson, Tamsin (1985). "From
Speaking Ngiyampa to Speaking English".
85:, who were historically defined separately by colonial ethnographers as
1398:
1377:
1316:
1274:
1253:
1225:
1155:
1148:
1141:
1099:
1092:
1036:
1001:
903:
875:
138:
82:
1412:
1309:
319:
represents a northern pronunciation, in which speakers tended to run
630:
198:
tree people) a westerly group who formerly camped northwest of the
1204:
1134:
1057:
931:
812:
635:. Office of the Registrar, Aboriginal Land Rights Act 1983 (NSW).
160:
171:
A geographical distinction regarding the homeland camping world (
1352:
952:
600:
576:
564:
525:
501:
489:
409:
394:
324:
748:
206:
These two groups are collectively referred to as drylanders.
105:
According to
Tindale's estimation, Ngiyampaa tribal lands (
536:
534:
323:
together, producing a vocalisation close to
English 'e'. (
461:
459:
422:
420:
418:
378:
376:
1422:
1362:
846:
804:
786:
51:, respectively clans of a larger Ngiyampaa nation.
657:Australian Languages: Their Nature and Development
159:, some 80 kilometres (50 mi) northwest of
16:Aboriginal Australian people of New South Wales
760:
336:The name of the language means 'talk-world' (
8:
89:, so-called because their word for "no" was
767:
753:
745:
1561:List of Australian Aboriginal group names
612:
588:
552:
540:
513:
477:
465:
438:
426:
357:
337:
65:Their language consisted of varieties of
77:) people are so called because they use
382:
372:
308:
113:, lying south of the south bank of the
141:were on their southeastern flank, the
1647:Aboriginal peoples of New South Wales
450:
7:
266:('camp-world', therefore homeland)
14:
830:(mainly Queensland bordering NSW)
125:to Dunlop. Their area included
737:Australian National University
352:means 'camp' while the suffix
241:(people of the Darling River).
230:(people of the Lachlan River (
149:were to the northeast and the
1:
1652:South Coast (New South Wales)
356:indicates a world or place. (
153:to their west and northwest.
1668:
787:Aboriginal language groups
679:Donaldson, Tamsin (1984).
662:Cambridge University Press
296:doctors or 'clever' people
202:, around Marfield station.
58:
1570:
1550:
837:Western Bundjalung people
725:Tindale, Norman Barnett
278:(school for making men)
39:people of the state of
1051:Kawambarai/Gawambaraay
129:down to the source of
45:Ngiyampaa Wangaaypuwan
1576:By state or territory
795:Yugambeh-Bandjalangic
187:people') to the east.
183:('woodlanders'. Lit.'
167:Group classifications
37:Aboriginal Australian
1423:Aboriginal languages
315:This version of the
145:southwest while the
23:people, also spelt
601:Beckett et al. 2003
577:Beckett et al. 2003
565:Beckett et al. 2003
526:Beckett et al. 2003
502:Beckett et al. 2003
490:Beckett et al. 2003
410:Beckett et al. 2003
395:Beckett et al. 2003
325:Beckett et al. 2003
1589:Northern Territory
918:Western Bundjalung
847:Aboriginal peoples
805:Aboriginal nations
704:Aboriginal History
689:Aboriginal History
246:History of contact
133:, and took in the
61:Ngiyambaa language
49:Ngiyampaa Wayilwan
1634:
1633:
1624:Western Australia
981:Gidhabal/Githabul
671:978-0-521-47378-1
591:, pp. 22–23.
555:, pp. 24–25.
143:Wangaaypuwan clan
1659:
1626:
1619:
1612:
1605:
1598:
1591:
1584:
1577:
1563:
1556:
1543:
1536:
1529:
1522:
1515:
1513:
1505:
1498:
1491:
1484:
1477:
1475:
1474:(or Yuwaaliyaay)
1467:
1460:
1458:
1450:
1443:
1441:
1433:
1415:
1408:
1401:
1394:
1387:
1380:
1373:
1363:Aboriginal clans
1355:
1346:
1326:
1319:
1312:
1305:
1298:
1291:
1284:
1277:
1270:
1263:
1256:
1249:
1242:
1235:
1228:
1221:
1214:
1207:
1200:
1193:
1186:
1179:
1172:
1165:
1158:
1151:
1144:
1137:
1130:
1123:
1116:
1109:
1102:
1095:
1088:
1081:
1074:
1067:
1060:
1053:
1046:
1039:
1032:
1025:
1018:
1011:
1004:
997:
990:
988:Gringai/Guringay
983:
976:
969:
962:
955:
948:
941:
934:
927:
920:
913:
906:
899:
892:
885:
878:
871:
864:
857:
839:
832:
831:
822:
815:
797:
769:
762:
755:
746:
740:
720:
711:(1–2): 126–147.
697:
685:
675:
646:
616:
610:
604:
598:
592:
586:
580:
574:
568:
562:
556:
550:
544:
538:
529:
523:
517:
511:
505:
499:
493:
487:
481:
475:
469:
463:
454:
448:
442:
436:
430:
424:
413:
407:
398:
392:
386:
380:
361:
347:
341:
334:
328:
313:
222:. These are the
1667:
1666:
1662:
1661:
1660:
1658:
1657:
1656:
1637:
1636:
1635:
1630:
1629:
1622:
1615:
1608:
1603:South Australia
1601:
1594:
1587:
1582:New South Wales
1580:
1575:
1566:
1559:
1554:
1546:
1539:
1532:
1525:
1518:
1511:
1508:
1501:
1494:
1487:
1480:
1473:
1470:
1463:
1456:
1453:
1446:
1440:(or Bundjalung)
1439:
1436:
1429:
1418:
1411:
1404:
1397:
1390:
1383:
1376:
1369:
1358:
1351:
1329:
1322:
1315:
1308:
1301:
1294:
1287:
1280:
1273:
1266:
1259:
1252:
1245:
1238:
1231:
1224:
1217:
1210:
1203:
1196:
1189:
1182:
1175:
1168:
1161:
1154:
1147:
1140:
1133:
1126:
1119:
1112:
1105:
1098:
1091:
1084:
1077:
1070:
1063:
1056:
1049:
1042:
1035:
1028:
1021:
1014:
1007:
1000:
993:
986:
979:
972:
965:
958:
951:
944:
937:
930:
923:
916:
909:
902:
895:
888:
881:
874:
867:
860:
853:
842:
835:
829:
825:
818:
811:
800:
793:
782:
780:New South Wales
773:
743:
723:
700:
683:
678:
672:
652:Dixon, R. M. W.
650:
643:
628:
624:
619:
611:
607:
599:
595:
587:
583:
575:
571:
563:
559:
551:
547:
539:
532:
524:
520:
512:
508:
500:
496:
488:
484:
476:
472:
464:
457:
453:, p. xxxv.
449:
445:
437:
433:
425:
416:
408:
401:
393:
389:
381:
374:
370:
365:
364:
348:
344:
335:
331:
314:
310:
305:
286:Rainbow Serpent
260:
248:
169:
103:
63:
57:
41:New South Wales
17:
12:
11:
5:
1665:
1663:
1655:
1654:
1649:
1639:
1638:
1632:
1631:
1628:
1627:
1620:
1613:
1606:
1599:
1592:
1585:
1578:
1572:
1571:
1568:
1567:
1565:
1564:
1557:
1551:
1548:
1547:
1545:
1544:
1537:
1530:
1523:
1516:
1506:
1499:
1492:
1485:
1478:
1468:
1461:
1451:
1444:
1434:
1426:
1424:
1420:
1419:
1417:
1416:
1409:
1402:
1395:
1388:
1381:
1374:
1366:
1364:
1360:
1359:
1357:
1356:
1349:
1348:
1347:
1320:
1313:
1306:
1299:
1292:
1285:
1278:
1271:
1264:
1257:
1250:
1243:
1236:
1229:
1222:
1215:
1208:
1201:
1194:
1187:
1180:
1173:
1166:
1159:
1152:
1145:
1138:
1131:
1124:
1117:
1110:
1103:
1096:
1089:
1082:
1075:
1068:
1061:
1054:
1047:
1040:
1033:
1026:
1019:
1012:
1005:
998:
991:
984:
977:
970:
963:
956:
949:
942:
935:
928:
921:
914:
907:
900:
893:
886:
879:
872:
865:
858:
850:
848:
844:
843:
841:
840:
833:
823:
816:
808:
806:
802:
801:
799:
798:
790:
788:
784:
783:
774:
772:
771:
764:
757:
749:
742:
741:
729:"Ngemba (NSW)"
721:
698:
676:
670:
648:
641:
625:
623:
620:
618:
617:
613:Donaldson 1984
605:
593:
589:Donaldson 1984
581:
569:
557:
553:Donaldson 1984
545:
541:Donaldson 1984
530:
518:
514:Donaldson 1984
506:
494:
482:
478:Donaldson 1984
470:
466:Donaldson 1984
455:
443:
441:, p. 126.
439:Donaldson 1985
431:
427:Donaldson 1984
414:
399:
387:
385:, p. 198.
371:
369:
366:
363:
362:
358:Donaldson 1984
342:
338:Donaldson 1984
329:
307:
306:
304:
301:
300:
299:
289:
279:
273:
270:ngurrangkiyalu
267:
259:
256:
247:
244:
243:
242:
235:
228:kaliyarrkiyalu
216:
215:
204:
203:
188:
168:
165:
157:Mount Grenfell
102:
99:
95:Norman Tindale
59:Main article:
56:
53:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1664:
1653:
1650:
1648:
1645:
1644:
1642:
1625:
1621:
1618:
1614:
1611:
1607:
1604:
1600:
1597:
1593:
1590:
1586:
1583:
1579:
1574:
1573:
1569:
1562:
1558:
1553:
1552:
1549:
1542:
1538:
1535:
1531:
1528:
1524:
1521:
1517:
1514:
1512:(or Dharawal)
1507:
1504:
1500:
1497:
1493:
1490:
1486:
1483:
1479:
1476:
1469:
1466:
1462:
1459:
1452:
1449:
1445:
1442:
1435:
1432:
1428:
1427:
1425:
1421:
1414:
1410:
1407:
1406:Wallumettagal
1403:
1400:
1396:
1393:
1389:
1386:
1382:
1379:
1375:
1372:
1368:
1367:
1365:
1361:
1354:
1350:
1345:
1341:
1337:
1333:
1332:Wanggeriburra
1328:
1327:
1325:
1321:
1318:
1314:
1311:
1307:
1304:
1300:
1297:
1293:
1290:
1286:
1283:
1279:
1276:
1272:
1269:
1265:
1262:
1258:
1255:
1251:
1248:
1244:
1241:
1237:
1234:
1230:
1227:
1223:
1220:
1216:
1213:
1209:
1206:
1202:
1199:
1195:
1192:
1188:
1185:
1181:
1178:
1174:
1171:
1167:
1164:
1160:
1157:
1153:
1150:
1146:
1143:
1139:
1136:
1132:
1129:
1125:
1122:
1118:
1115:
1111:
1108:
1104:
1101:
1097:
1094:
1090:
1087:
1083:
1080:
1076:
1073:
1069:
1066:
1062:
1059:
1055:
1052:
1048:
1045:
1041:
1038:
1034:
1031:
1027:
1024:
1020:
1017:
1013:
1010:
1006:
1003:
999:
996:
992:
989:
985:
982:
978:
975:
971:
968:
964:
961:
957:
954:
950:
947:
943:
940:
936:
933:
929:
926:
922:
919:
915:
912:
908:
905:
901:
898:
894:
891:
887:
884:
880:
877:
873:
870:
866:
863:
859:
856:
852:
851:
849:
845:
838:
834:
828:
824:
821:
817:
814:
810:
809:
807:
803:
796:
792:
791:
789:
785:
781:
777:
770:
765:
763:
758:
756:
751:
750:
747:
738:
734:
730:
726:
722:
718:
714:
710:
706:
705:
699:
695:
691:
690:
682:
677:
673:
667:
663:
659:
658:
653:
649:
644:
642:0-9581920-1-4
638:
634:
633:
627:
626:
621:
615:, p. 25.
614:
609:
606:
603:, p. 15.
602:
597:
594:
590:
585:
582:
579:, p. 16.
578:
573:
570:
567:, p. 23.
566:
561:
558:
554:
549:
546:
543:, p. 24.
542:
537:
535:
531:
528:, p. 13.
527:
522:
519:
516:, p. 28.
515:
510:
507:
504:, p. 14.
503:
498:
495:
492:, p. 17.
491:
486:
483:
480:, p. 38.
479:
474:
471:
468:, p. 26.
467:
462:
460:
456:
452:
447:
444:
440:
435:
432:
429:, p. 29.
428:
423:
421:
419:
415:
411:
406:
404:
400:
396:
391:
388:
384:
379:
377:
373:
367:
360:, p. 23)
359:
355:
351:
346:
343:
340:, p. 23)
339:
333:
330:
327:, p. 12)
326:
322:
318:
312:
309:
302:
297:
293:
290:
287:
283:
280:
277:
274:
271:
268:
265:
262:
261:
257:
255:
253:
245:
240:
236:
233:
229:
225:
224:
223:
221:
213:
209:
208:
207:
201:
197:
193:
192:nhiilyikiyalu
189:
186:
182:
181:pilaarrkiyalu
178:
177:
176:
174:
166:
164:
162:
158:
154:
152:
148:
144:
140:
139:Wayilwan clan
136:
132:
128:
124:
121:rivers, from
120:
116:
112:
108:
100:
98:
96:
92:
88:
84:
80:
76:
72:
68:
62:
54:
52:
50:
46:
42:
38:
34:
30:
26:
22:
1268:Wirraayaraay
1240:Wangaaypuwan
1162:
1121:Nhaawuparlku
995:Gumbaynggirr
732:
708:
702:
693:
687:
656:
631:
608:
596:
584:
572:
560:
548:
521:
509:
497:
485:
473:
446:
434:
412:, p. 7.
397:, p. 4.
390:
383:Tindale 1974
353:
349:
345:
332:
320:
311:
291:
281:
275:
269:
263:
249:
238:
231:
227:
219:
217:
211:
205:
199:
191:
180:
172:
170:
155:
106:
104:
90:
78:
74:
71:Wangaaypuwan
64:
32:
28:
24:
20:
18:
1520:Wemba Wemba
1482:Madhi Madhi
1472:Gamilaraay
1465:Dyirringany
1438:Bandjalang
1371:Cammeraygal
1261:Wemba-Wemba
1212:Yuwaalaraay
1114:Muthi Muthi
883:Barranbinya
778:peoples in
696:(1): 21–44.
272:(housewife)
264:ngurram-paa
212:karulkiyalu
135:Bogan River
131:Mulga Creek
127:Yanda Creek
1641:Categories
1596:Queensland
1489:Nganywyana
1448:Darkinjung
1336:Kombumerri
1247:Wanjiwalku
1233:Wandandian
1086:Malyangapa
1058:Kula/Kurnu
1044:Karenggapa
1009:Himberrong
967:Gandangara
960:Gamilaraay
946:Djiringanj
925:Darkinyung
911:Bundjalung
776:Aboriginal
451:Dixon 2002
258:Some words
252:Brewarrina
220:ngurrampaa
200:ngurrampaa
173:ngurrampaa
147:Gamilaraay
123:Brewarrina
107:ngurrampaa
47:, and the
25:Ngyiyambaa
1527:Wiradjuri
1510:Tharawal
1503:Ngunnawal
1496:Ngiyambaa
1457:(or Eora)
1385:Gorualgal
1340:Mununjali
1289:Wiradjuri
1282:Wilyakali
1184:Paaruntyi
1177:Paakantyi
1170:Ngunnawal
1163:Ngiyampaa
1128:Nari-Nari
1065:Kuringgai
820:Kuringgai
368:Citations
292:wirringan
239:paawankay
151:Paakantyi
111:peneplain
67:Ngiyampaa
35:, are an
21:Ngiyampaa
1617:Victoria
1610:Tasmania
1555:See also
1541:Yugambeh
1431:Awabakal
1392:Jerrinja
1344:Tulgigin
1324:Yugambeh
1303:Wonnarua
1296:Wodiwodi
1219:Walbunja
1198:Tharawal
1191:Barindji
1107:Muruwari
1079:Kwiambal
1072:Kureinji
1030:Jukambal
1023:Jitajita
974:Geawegal
939:Djangadi
897:Bigambul
890:Bidjigal
869:Awabakal
727:(1974).
717:24045833
654:(2002).
317:ethnonym
232:kaliyarr
87:Wayilwan
55:Language
1455:Dharug
1399:Ngambri
1378:Gadigal
1330:Clans:
1317:Yaygirr
1275:Wiyabal
1254:Weilwan
1226:Walgalu
1156:Ngarigo
1149:Ngarbal
1142:Ngambaa
1100:Milpulo
1093:Maraura
1037:Galibal
1002:Gweagal
904:Birrbay
862:Arakwal
622:Sources
119:Darling
101:Country
83:Walgett
79:wangaay
75:wangaay
29:Nyammba
1534:Worimi
1413:Wangal
1310:Worimi
1016:Jeithi
876:Banbai
855:Anēwan
715:
668:
639:
350:ngurra
282:waaway
276:purrpa
196:nilyah
137:. The
115:Barwon
73:(with
33:Ngemba
1205:Thaua
1135:Ngaku
932:Darug
827:Murri
813:Koori
713:JSTOR
684:(PDF)
303:Notes
185:belar
161:Cobar
91:wayil
1353:Yuin
953:Eora
666:ISBN
637:ISBN
237:(e)
226:(d)
190:(b)
179:(a)
117:and
31:and
19:The
354:paa
321:iya
210:(c)
1643::
1342:,
1338:,
1334:,
735:.
731:.
707:.
692:.
686:.
664:.
660:.
533:^
458:^
417:^
402:^
375:^
254:.
27:,
768:e
761:t
754:v
739:.
719:.
709:9
694:8
674:.
647:.
645:.
298:)
294:(
288:)
284:(
234:)
194:(
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