1781:
2029:
1645:
1166:
1733:
1171:
991:
294:
1161:
1445:
1435:
1347:
1440:
1413:
1270:
1537:
872:
1362:
168:, contained several convents and churches of six major religious orders. Spanish Manila served as the center for missionaries for the whole of Asia and Oceania.
1457:
925:
1569:
1408:
1306:
1488:
940:
930:
487:
1755:
1493:
1450:
1275:
986:
256:
774:
340:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1638:
1508:
1467:
1418:
739:
494:
220:
1745:
1605:
1326:
1296:
612:
464:
426:
392:
354:
205:
2053:
1311:
267:
1525:
1520:
1403:
1388:
65:
598:
1367:
1331:
1291:
1143:
1128:
867:
689:
1939:
1681:
1600:
1547:
1542:
1191:
950:
450:
378:
1971:
1398:
1393:
1357:
1770:
1530:
1477:
1255:
996:
636:
2063:
1515:
1383:
1061:
935:
915:
515:
1503:
1498:
1066:
920:
240:
in the 1970s which was also the name of her tourism and infrastructure development campaign for the city as governor of
1740:
1250:
1235:
1031:
643:
109:) to his nativeland on the eve of his execution in 1896. It is then sometimes used to describe all of the Philippines.
138:), in reference to the city's low-lying ground intersected with many picturesque canals, particularly in the area of
416:
2058:
1699:
1423:
910:
765:
757:
732:
1562:
1230:
1225:
1036:
1462:
1260:
1003:
862:
1765:
1633:
1610:
1574:
1321:
1245:
1118:
1101:
1086:
456:
143:
90:
1932:
1615:
1096:
1071:
955:
852:
50:
1961:
1648:
1208:
945:
725:
1674:
1123:
1081:
1026:
384:
193:
49:. This nickname appears in the lyrics of the city's official hymn and is also depicted in the city's
1881:
1800:
1718:
965:
882:
519:
1891:
1876:
1871:
1810:
1760:
1728:
1265:
1156:
1133:
1076:
960:
579:
121:
226:
America's First
Chinatown, in reference to Spanish Manila's (and eventually American Manila's)
1925:
1886:
1856:
1723:
1051:
1014:
608:
460:
422:
388:
350:
277:
248:
1866:
1805:
1091:
172:
153:
131:
113:
102:
78:
185:
of the Orient, in reference to the city's large tobacco export industry in the early 1900s.
2032:
1795:
1750:
1667:
1590:
1352:
1138:
1106:
668:
664:
260:
212:
699:
1918:
1861:
1841:
1713:
1557:
1218:
1203:
1056:
900:
89:
historian Juan
Delgado in reference to the city's rich trade history even prior to the
2047:
1901:
905:
694:
346:
281:
237:
94:
2017:
1956:
1846:
1428:
1316:
1196:
748:
263:
in 2006 as a campaign slogan for the redevelopment of the Manila metropolitan area.
241:
216:
200:
165:
827:
787:
2022:
1240:
1113:
970:
895:
847:
802:
233:
179:), coined by the Spanish poet Salvador Rueda during his visit to Manila in 1915.
23:
1896:
1836:
1620:
1046:
890:
817:
161:
160:), also the City of Churches, particularly in reference to the walled city of
604:
142:. It was made popular in the late 19th century by several authors including
61:
35:
31:
1851:
812:
782:
637:"Going Global, Veiling the Poor: Global City Imaginaries in Metro Manila"
27:
583:
541:
1826:
1301:
1213:
1041:
842:
822:
797:
227:
139:
1831:
1690:
857:
807:
792:
761:
182:
127:
86:
39:
19:
314:
266:
Capital of Fun, a recent nickname and tourism slogan coined by the
124:
in 1574 which also appeared in the original coat of arms of Manila.
837:
832:
280:), a moniker given to Manila by Australian travel guide publisher
273:
1659:
545:
149:
1663:
721:
717:
566:
Busuego-Pablo, Lourdes (First
Quarter 1980). "Reviewed Work:
295:
List of city and municipality nicknames in the
Philippines
188:
Queen City of the
Pacific, from the 1938 documentary film
42:, both officially and unofficially, now and in the past.
199:
City of Our
Affections, first used by national artist
215:, referring to the city's status as the Philippines'
1970:
1949:
1910:
1819:
1788:
1706:
1583:
1476:
1376:
1340:
1284:
1184:
1013:
979:
881:
773:
452:
16:
377:Evans, Lawton B. & Winter, Milo (June 2007).
219:and the nation's capital since the days of the
45:The city is most popularly referred to as the
1675:
733:
8:
1307:Metropolitan Waterworks and Sewerage System
568:Tropical Baroque: Four Manileño Theatricals
1682:
1668:
1660:
1019:
758:National Capital Region of the Philippines
740:
726:
718:
600:Routledge Handbook of the Chinese Diaspora
488:"Salvador Rueda en sus cartas (1886-1933)"
120:), the royal title granted to the city by
987:Metropolitan Manila Development Authority
334:
332:
257:Metropolitan Manila Development Authority
306:
56:Manila is also frequently shortened to
495:Biblioteca Virtual Miguel de Cervantes
1327:Pasig River Rehabilitation Commission
665:"Manila depicted as 'capital of fun'"
7:
206:A Portrait of the Artist as Filipino
1489:Department of Transportation (DOTr)
597:Tan, Chee-Beng (11 February 2013).
542:"Manila: Queen City of the Pacific"
112:Distinguished and Ever Loyal City (
236:, a nickname given to the city by
66:Ninoy Aquino International Airport
14:
1332:Laguna Lake Development Authority
1302:Manila Electric Company (Meralco)
1129:Rehabilitation of the Pasig River
190:Manila: Queen City of the Pacific
2028:
2027:
1779:
1644:
1643:
418:The Roots of the Filipino Nation
1162:Oldest buildings and structures
230:, the world's oldest Chinatown.
449:Irving, D.R.M. (3 June 2010).
192:written by American filmmaker
1:
1358:Primary and secondary schools
1285:Public services and utilities
1062:Battles of La Naval de Manila
916:La Mesa Watershed Reservation
339:Halili, Christine N. (2004).
203:in 1950 in his literary play
118:Insigne y Siempre Leal Ciudad
1940:New Manila Bay–City of Pearl
1067:British occupation of Manila
921:Marikina Valley Fault System
93:era. It was made popular by
1236:Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas
644:Ateneo de Manila University
2080:
2054:Lists of nicknames by city
1700:Capital of the Philippines
1446:Theaters and concert halls
415:Corpuz, Onofre D. (2005).
26:, is known by a number of
22:, the capital city of the
2013:
1777:
1697:
1629:
1621:Frost Plan of Quezon City
1563:Pasig River Ferry Service
1348:Colleges and universities
1231:Manila Commodity Exchange
1226:Philippine Stock Exchange
1152:
1022:
755:
85:), first used in 1751 by
775:Administrative divisions
317:. Manila City Government
107:Perla del Mar de Oriente
99:Pearl of the Orient Seas
1611:Metro Manila Dream Plan
1414:Roman Catholic churches
1322:Maynilad Water Services
1119:People Power Revolution
1102:Battle of Manila (1945)
1087:Battle of Manila (1899)
1057:Manila–Acapulco Galleon
457:Oxford University Press
252:
91:Manila-Acapulco Galleon
1933:Manila Waterfront City
1911:Mixed-use developments
1616:Burnham Plan of Manila
1271:Mixed-use developments
1097:City of Greater Manila
1072:1880 Luzon earthquakes
176:
157:
135:
117:
106:
82:
1972:Legislative districts
1962:Manila Dolomite Beach
1714:Seal and coat of arms
1363:International schools
1209:Bonifacio Global City
873:Legislative districts
421:. Aklahi Foundation.
268:Department of Tourism
247:Handsome Metropolis (
77:Pearl of the Orient (
2064:Manila-related lists
1531:Intermodal terminals
1317:Manila Water Company
1124:World Youth Day 1995
1082:Battle of Manila Bay
516:"Bradstreet Journal"
385:Kessinger Publishing
255:), coined by former
144:Graciano LĂłpez Jaena
1596:Nicknames of Manila
1463:Television stations
1409:Religious buildings
1312:Water privatization
1167:Cultural properties
966:Greater Manila Area
136:Venecia del Oriente
47:Pearl of the Orient
1734:historical markers
1424:Songs about Manila
1266:Entertainment City
1172:Historical markers
1134:Rizal Day bombings
1077:Cry of Pugad Lawin
1052:Province of Manila
961:Manggahan Floodway
926:Rivers and esteros
572:Philippine Studies
570:by Nick JoaquĂn".
520:Bradstreet Company
342:Philippine History
97:who gave the name
2059:Culture in Manila
2041:
2040:
1926:Manila Solar City
1657:
1656:
1601:Notable Manileños
1451:Art Deco theaters
1180:
1179:
1144:COVID-19 pandemic
1092:Province of Rizal
614:978-1-136-23095-0
466:978-0-19-970301-2
428:978-971-542-461-5
394:978-1-59915-209-7
356:978-971-23-3934-9
278:Paris of the East
194:André de la Varre
171:City of the Sun (
83:Perla del Oriente
2071:
2031:
2030:
1783:
1782:
1751:Higher Education
1746:Public education
1684:
1677:
1670:
1661:
1647:
1646:
1020:
951:Land reclamation
742:
735:
728:
719:
712:
711:
709:
707:
698:. Archived from
695:LonelyPlanet.com
686:
680:
679:
677:
675:
661:
655:
654:
652:
650:
641:
632:
626:
625:
623:
621:
594:
588:
587:
563:
557:
556:
554:
552:
538:
532:
531:
529:
527:
512:
506:
505:
503:
501:
492:
484:
478:
477:
475:
473:
446:
440:
439:
437:
435:
412:
406:
405:
403:
401:
374:
368:
367:
365:
363:
336:
327:
326:
324:
322:
311:
164:which, prior to
158:Roma del Oriente
2079:
2078:
2074:
2073:
2072:
2070:
2069:
2068:
2044:
2043:
2042:
2037:
2009:
1995:Fourth District
1985:Second District
1966:
1945:
1906:
1815:
1784:
1780:
1775:
1702:
1693:
1688:
1658:
1653:
1625:
1591:Imperial Manila
1579:
1472:
1436:Sporting events
1372:
1353:University Belt
1336:
1280:
1176:
1148:
1139:Typhoon Ketsana
1107:Manila massacre
1009:
975:
877:
769:
760:
751:
746:
716:
715:
705:
703:
702:on 4 March 2016
688:
687:
683:
673:
671:
669:Manila Bulletin
663:
662:
658:
648:
646:
639:
635:Michel, Boris.
634:
633:
629:
619:
617:
615:
596:
595:
591:
565:
564:
560:
550:
548:
540:
539:
535:
525:
523:
514:
513:
509:
499:
497:
490:
486:
485:
481:
471:
469:
467:
448:
447:
443:
433:
431:
429:
414:
413:
409:
399:
397:
395:
376:
375:
371:
361:
359:
357:
338:
337:
330:
320:
318:
313:
312:
308:
303:
291:
261:Bayani Fernando
213:Imperial Manila
130:of the Orient (
74:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2077:
2075:
2067:
2066:
2061:
2056:
2046:
2045:
2039:
2038:
2036:
2035:
2025:
2020:
2014:
2011:
2010:
2008:
2007:
2005:Sixth District
2002:
2000:Fifth District
1997:
1992:
1990:Third District
1987:
1982:
1980:First District
1976:
1974:
1968:
1967:
1965:
1964:
1959:
1953:
1951:
1947:
1946:
1944:
1943:
1936:
1929:
1922:
1919:Horizon Manila
1914:
1912:
1908:
1907:
1905:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1854:
1849:
1844:
1839:
1834:
1829:
1823:
1821:
1817:
1816:
1814:
1813:
1808:
1803:
1798:
1792:
1790:
1786:
1785:
1778:
1776:
1774:
1773:
1771:Transportation
1768:
1763:
1758:
1753:
1748:
1743:
1738:
1737:
1736:
1731:
1721:
1716:
1710:
1708:
1704:
1703:
1698:
1695:
1694:
1691:City of Manila
1689:
1687:
1686:
1679:
1672:
1664:
1655:
1654:
1652:
1651:
1641:
1636:
1630:
1627:
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1623:
1618:
1613:
1608:
1603:
1598:
1593:
1587:
1585:
1581:
1580:
1578:
1577:
1572:
1567:
1566:
1565:
1560:
1558:Port of Manila
1552:
1551:
1550:
1545:
1535:
1534:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1513:
1512:
1511:
1506:
1501:
1496:
1491:
1482:
1480:
1478:Transportation
1474:
1473:
1471:
1470:
1468:Radio stations
1465:
1460:
1455:
1454:
1453:
1443:
1438:
1433:
1432:
1431:
1421:
1419:Shopping malls
1416:
1411:
1406:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1386:
1380:
1378:
1374:
1373:
1371:
1370:
1365:
1360:
1355:
1350:
1344:
1342:
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1337:
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1334:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1314:
1309:
1304:
1299:
1294:
1288:
1286:
1282:
1281:
1279:
1278:
1273:
1268:
1263:
1258:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1238:
1233:
1228:
1223:
1222:
1221:
1219:Escolta Street
1211:
1206:
1204:Ortigas Center
1201:
1200:
1199:
1188:
1186:
1182:
1181:
1178:
1177:
1175:
1174:
1169:
1164:
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1039:
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1023:
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1007:
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1000:
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994:
983:
981:
977:
976:
974:
973:
968:
963:
958:
953:
948:
943:
938:
933:
928:
923:
918:
913:
908:
903:
901:Marikina River
898:
893:
887:
885:
879:
878:
876:
875:
870:
865:
860:
855:
850:
845:
840:
835:
830:
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820:
815:
810:
805:
800:
795:
790:
785:
779:
777:
771:
770:
756:
753:
752:
747:
745:
744:
737:
730:
722:
714:
713:
681:
656:
627:
613:
589:
578:(1): 119–123.
558:
533:
507:
479:
465:
441:
427:
407:
393:
369:
355:
328:
315:"About Manila"
305:
304:
302:
299:
298:
297:
290:
287:
286:
285:
271:
264:
245:
231:
224:
221:Spanish empire
210:
197:
186:
180:
177:Ciudad del Sol
169:
147:
125:
122:King Philip II
110:
73:
70:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2076:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2051:
2049:
2034:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2015:
2012:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1977:
1975:
1973:
1969:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1954:
1952:
1948:
1942:
1941:
1937:
1935:
1934:
1930:
1928:
1927:
1923:
1921:
1920:
1916:
1915:
1913:
1909:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1888:
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1883:
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1873:
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1855:
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1845:
1843:
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1711:
1709:
1705:
1701:
1696:
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1678:
1673:
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1665:
1662:
1650:
1642:
1640:
1637:
1635:
1632:
1631:
1628:
1622:
1619:
1617:
1614:
1612:
1609:
1607:
1606:Sister cities
1604:
1602:
1599:
1597:
1594:
1592:
1589:
1588:
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1582:
1576:
1573:
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1532:
1529:
1527:
1524:
1522:
1519:
1518:
1517:
1514:
1510:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1486:
1484:
1483:
1481:
1479:
1475:
1469:
1466:
1464:
1461:
1459:
1456:
1452:
1449:
1448:
1447:
1444:
1442:
1441:Sports venues
1439:
1437:
1434:
1430:
1427:
1426:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1415:
1412:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1397:
1395:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1384:Annual events
1382:
1381:
1379:
1375:
1369:
1366:
1364:
1361:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1349:
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1345:
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1339:
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1330:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1315:
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1310:
1308:
1305:
1303:
1300:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1289:
1287:
1283:
1277:
1274:
1272:
1269:
1267:
1264:
1262:
1259:
1257:
1254:
1252:
1249:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1239:
1237:
1234:
1232:
1229:
1227:
1224:
1220:
1217:
1216:
1215:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1205:
1202:
1198:
1195:
1194:
1193:
1190:
1189:
1187:
1183:
1173:
1170:
1168:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1158:
1155:
1154:
1151:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1108:
1105:
1104:
1103:
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1957:Baseco Beach
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1801:City Council
1595:
1584:Other topics
1429:Manila sound
1197:Ayala Avenue
911:Sierra Madre
766:capital city
749:Metro Manila
704:. Retrieved
700:the original
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672:. Retrieved
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309:
276:of Asia (or
242:Metro Manila
217:primate city
204:
201:Nick Joaquin
189:
166:World War II
98:
60:or MNL (the
57:
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51:coat of arms
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44:
18:
2023:Philippines
1882:San Nicolas
1756:Skyscrapers
1485:Government
1276:Skyscrapers
1251:Attractions
1241:Manila Mint
1114:City of Man
992:Chairperson
971:Mega Manila
896:Pasig River
848:Quezon City
803:Mandaluyong
706:19 February
253:Metro Gwapo
234:City of Man
24:Philippines
2048:Categories
1897:Santa Mesa
1892:Santa Cruz
1877:San Miguel
1872:San Andres
1837:Intramuros
1796:City Mayor
1789:Government
1526:P2P routes
1521:Bus routes
1458:Newspapers
1404:Public art
1389:Cemeteries
1192:Makati CBD
1047:Intramuros
1027:Prehistory
980:Government
891:Manila Bay
863:Valenzuela
818:Muntinlupa
301:References
162:Intramuros
95:José Rizal
36:sobriquets
1887:Santa Ana
1857:Port Area
1820:Districts
1806:City Hall
1719:Geography
1368:Libraries
1341:Education
1292:Hospitals
1006:(defunct)
883:Geography
868:Barangays
828:Parañaque
788:Las Piñas
690:"History"
605:Routledge
259:chairman
72:Nicknames
62:IATA code
28:nicknames
2033:Category
1867:Sampaloc
1852:Pandacan
1811:Politics
1761:Timeline
1729:timeline
1649:Category
1570:Aviation
1261:Gambling
1157:Timeline
1004:Governor
956:Bay City
853:San Juan
813:Marikina
783:Caloocan
584:42632514
289:See also
284:in 2015.
270:in 2014.
249:Filipino
1950:Beaches
1827:Binondo
1766:Tourism
1724:History
1634:Outline
1575:Traffic
1399:Museums
1394:Cinemas
1377:Culture
1246:Tourism
1214:Binondo
1185:Economy
1042:Namayan
1032:Maynila
1015:History
941:Beaches
931:Islands
843:Pateros
823:Navotas
798:Malabon
228:Binondo
173:Spanish
154:Spanish
140:Binondo
132:Spanish
114:Spanish
103:Spanish
79:Spanish
40:slogans
32:aliases
1862:Quiapo
1842:Malate
1832:Ermita
1741:People
1707:Topics
1554:Water
1297:Police
1256:Hotels
997:Mayors
858:Taguig
808:Manila
793:Makati
762:Manila
674:5 July
649:5 July
620:5 July
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551:7 July
526:5 July
522:. 1902
500:5 July
472:5 July
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434:5 July
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400:5 July
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362:5 July
353:
321:5 July
183:Havana
128:Venice
87:Jesuit
20:Manila
1902:Tondo
1639:Index
1037:Tondo
946:Slums
936:Parks
838:Pasig
833:Pasay
640:(PDF)
580:JSTOR
491:(PDF)
274:Paris
1847:Paco
1538:Rail
1516:Road
1509:MIAA
1499:LRTA
1494:MMDA
708:2022
676:2015
651:2015
622:2015
609:ISBN
553:2015
546:IMDb
528:2015
502:2015
474:2015
461:ISBN
436:2015
423:ISBN
402:2015
389:ISBN
364:2015
351:ISBN
323:2015
150:Rome
64:for
38:and
1548:MRT
1543:LRT
1504:PNR
68:).
58:Mla
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