799:
870:
707:
153:
639:
450:. During the day he worked at the shipyard with his father. Despite working with the Komsomol he was not accepted into their ranks, as while discussing his candidacy, it was reported that Yegipko washed with "perfumed" soap, and was therefore not ready to join them. He nevertheless remained on good terms with them, and after Nikolaev fell to the Red forces, he rejoined the artillery division, alongside his brother Andrei. They went on to see action in the
133:
54:
582:
435:. Two days after his arrival, the White forces landed troops and began to occupy the city. Faced with being shot as a Red volunteer, Yegipko escaped from the hospital, and with a Serb companion, attempted to walk to safety, travelling mostly at night. They were captured by the Whites on the fourth day of their journey, and were placed with other captured sailors and Red Army soldiers, being taken to
798:
462:
820:
374:
985:, were preparing to hand over command. Two torpedoes were launched but deviated from their course. Yegipko attributed this to old and faulty Italian mechanisms. A second attempt failed when having approached the target, the submarine suddenly dived before the torpedoes could be launched. Yegipko suspected that the helmsman was unwilling to sink a fellow Spanish vessel.
814:
1953, Yegipko was a head of department at the Naval
Academy, and from February to August 1953 he was head of the 2nd Baltic Higher Naval School. In August 1953, he became head of the Odessa Higher Naval School, holding this position until March 1955. He had been promoted to rear-admiral on 31 May 1954. Yegipko's next posting was as head of the
553:
submerged. Several times the crew were forced to improvise repairs. Storm waves tore off the edge of a steel sheet, which struck the submarine's hull, damaging the stern of the superstructure. Later problems involved the anchor, the steering gear and one of the electric motors. Each time the crew was able to make repairs. On her return to port
869:
785:"The history of the defeat of convoy PQ-17 reminded me of our transfer of ships from Tallinn to Kronstadt. In either case, the main escort ships left slow-moving and poorly-armed ships with cargo and passengers. The English fleet - because of the fear of large German surface ships, in particular, the battleship
825:
from March 1955, holding this position until stepping down in
December 1966, having been promoted to vice-admiral on 22 February 1963. He retired from the navy the following month. During his retirement he lived in Leningrad, and died there on 6 July 1985 at the age of 81. He was buried in the city's
813:
From
February 1943 to May 1946 he was head of the department for the External Relations of the USSR's Naval Staff, and from May 1946 to January 1948 he was Acting Deputy Chief of the External Relations Department of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the USSR. From January 1948 to February
552:
carried out an independent cruise, operating under full autonomy for 40 days in order to determine the endurance of the ship and her crew. The voyage, which took place during a period of almost continuously stormy weather, covered 3,022 miles (4,863 km), of which 315 were traversed while
305:, though he was not permitted to join their ranks after a report circulated that he washed with "perfumed" soap. With the Soviet victory in the civil war, Yegipko was demobilised and returned to shipyard work. He reenlisted in the armed forces in 1925, serving on ships of the
781:, in mid-1942. The convoy suffered heavy casualties when miscommunications led the allied commanders to believe that heavy German naval units were preparing to intercept the convoy, and the escorting warships were redeployed. Yegipko was to record in his memoirs that
724:
Yegipko returned to the USSR in August 1938, taking up the post of commander of the Black Sea Fleet's Second
Submarine Brigade. He held this position until December 1939, when he became commander of the Baltic Fleet's submarine brigade. He held this post during the
928:
789:, and in our country - because of the fear of losing the fleet's core combat ships and incurring appropriate punishment for it. Both the PQ-17 convoy and the Tallinn crossing remain black spots in the history of the Great Patriotic War."
415:, and his eldest brother, Aleksandr, joined the Red naval forces. Though only 16 and not subject to conscription until 22, Nikolai Yegipko volunteered in May 1919 with the 1st battery of the Nikolaev Artillery Division, part of the
980:
853:
He had married and had two sons and a daughter. His eldest son, Vladimir, followed his father into the navy and rose to captain 1st rank, and taught at the Naval
Academy. His younger son, Viktor, had a naval education at the
512:
751:
into the water. He was rescued, heavily concussed, by another vessel. From
September to October 1941 he was at the disposal of the Military Council of the Baltic Fleet, before his appointment as
1405:
1380:
411:; his mother was Euphrosyne Mikhailovna. The family was a large one, Nikolai had four brothers and three sisters. On the advice of their father, three of his brothers volunteered for the
945:). The museum contains over 2,000 artefacts, and in 2018 a permanent exhibition "The man of legend, Nikolai Pavlovich Yegipko" opened to commemorate the 115th anniversary of his birth.
458:
ended the war with Poland, the Red Army began to demobilize minors from its ranks. Yegipko was dismissed from his unit and returned to
Nikolaev, where he resumed work in the shipyards.
1400:
1385:
706:
368:. The later war years were spent with the General Staff of the Armed Forces, after which he held several posts in naval education and academia, ending as head of the
1415:
629:
soon afterwards, and
Yegipko and his crew evacuated the city in a British transport ship. The ship was intercepted and captured at sea by the Nationalist cruiser
1410:
611:
in the
Spanish Civil War. He received the nicknames "Matisse" and "Don Severino de Moreno" from the Republicans, and was given command of the Spanish submarine
604:
733:. From that month until September he was commander of the 1st Submarine Brigade of the Baltic Fleet. Yegipko took part in military operations following the
53:
1355:
866:. Nikolai Yegipko's daughter Lyudmila married Vladimir Bondarev, a graduate of the Submarine Navigation school, who rose to the rank of rear-admiral.
1395:
1360:
911:
690:, and sinking a ship on the way. For "courage and heroism in the performance of his military and international duty", Yegipko was, by order of the
915:
679:
626:
227:
442:
At this time the city was under White control. Yegipko had his leg treated by a sympathetic doctor, after which he joined the work of the local
608:
331:. He commanded two submarines during his time there, and though the cause ultimately failed, he was rewarded for his service with the title of
324:
1420:
1390:
934:
691:
759:
in the United
Kingdom. As naval attaché Yegipko often acted as an observer on British warships, and sailed aboard British vessels on
1375:
630:
586:
1425:
898:
three times, on 23 December 1935, 22 February 1939 (as part of his award of Hero of the Soviet Union), and in 1950. He held three
323:
on a record-breaking voyage of endurance, for which he and his entire crew received honours. He then went to Spain to support the
815:
369:
906:, awarded on 22 July 1944, 8 July 1945 and 11 March 1985; one Order of the Patriotic War Second Class, awarded in 1944, and the
483:
1430:
760:
557:
had doubled the previous record for a Russian submarine's endurance. The feat was widely publicised during the heyday of the
495:
361:
729:, leaving in May 1940 to resume his studies at the Naval Academy. He graduated in April 1941, being promoted on 26 April to
1317:
596:
404:
263:
75:
20:
289:
Born into the family of a shipyard worker, Yegipko and several of his brothers joined up to fight for the Soviets in the
738:
570:
420:
347:
778:
711:
573:. This was the first time in the history of the USSR, and of Russia, when the entire crew of a ship received awards.
1370:
903:
216:
210:
922:
Fifth Class, both from 1946. On 6 May 1975, with the assistance of several teachers and engineer-captain 1st rank
756:
489:
1365:
695:
530:
507:
356:, was sunk by a mine, and Yegipko had to be rescued from the water after being blown overboard. He then became
332:
271:
193:
1292:
899:
524:
204:
665:
655:
649:
612:
923:
827:
803:
742:
715:
543:
465:
351:
318:
314:
119:
59:
451:
907:
882:
863:
855:
771:
643:
638:
566:
558:
222:
838:, but were not published until parts appeared in 2000, and the full manuscript in 2012 under the title
1350:
1345:
975:
734:
618:
343:
1170:
937:, Leningrad, opened the "N. P. Yegipko Museum of military glory of the submariners of the Baltic." (
752:
687:
682:. Yegipko navigated the vessel back to a Spanish port, and then transferred Republican materiel to
678:, Yegipko received word that the French were planning to intern the submarine at the behest of the
562:
392:
357:
84:
635:, but a patrolling British warship intervened and forced the Nationalists to release their prize.
1267:
439:. Yegipko again escaped, hiding in a corn field before making his way to his family in Nikolaev.
408:
255:
338:
Yegipko commanded submarine brigades after his return to the Soviet Union, including during the
600:
416:
328:
290:
279:
275:
419:, as a field telephonist. He went on to serve as a cavalry scout, and saw action against the
938:
919:
843:
807:
730:
683:
283:
247:
232:
479:
306:
431:. Wounded in the leg during a skirmish near Varvarovka, Yegipko was taken to hospital in
895:
834:
on 13 July 1985. He had completed his memoirs before his death, they were submitted to
581:
454:, taking part in the capture of the cities of Borsch, Ozerzhany and Galich. After the
424:
396:
294:
293:. He served initially as a field telephonist, though he was wounded, twice captured by
198:
88:
1339:
1054:
894:
Over his long career he had received numerous honours and awards; he was awarded the
748:
675:
455:
428:
470:. Yegipko was her commander for a cruise that set new records for endurance in 1936.
767:
499:
447:
407:
27 October] 1903. His father, Pavel Osipovich, was a worker at the city's
365:
310:
188:
178:
138:
108:
888:
859:
475:
267:
158:
910:, awarded on 4 March 1946. He also held several foreign awards, including the
726:
436:
339:
24:
1111:
878:
835:
461:
104:
622:
561:, and in April 1936 all members of the crew received awards. Yegipko and
443:
412:
388:
302:
298:
297:
forces, and twice escaped. He spent the rest of the war working with the
80:
537:
1242:
518:
400:
32:
1211:
432:
379:. He retired in 1967 and wrote his memoirs before his death in 1985.
266:
27 October] 1903 – 6 July 1985) was an officer of the
868:
797:
705:
637:
580:
460:
599:
in March 1936, but left the following year to participate in the
591:, Yegipko's nemesis during the first part of his Spanish service.
902:, awarded on 22 December 1937, 11 March 1944 and in 1954; three
874:
498:
in 1931 and from February to November that year served with the
517:
and from May that year served as assistant commander of the
360:
to the United Kingdom and was an observer on several of the
766:
In this capacity Yegipko was present with the escorts of
542:, and from August 1934 he was commander of the submarine
446:
members who were carrying out secret propaganda with the
943:Музей боевой славы подводников Балтики им. Н. П. Египко
523:. From November 1932 he was assistant commander of the
506:. In 1932 he graduated from the classes of the fleet's
963:
Yegipko had already made several attempts to sink the
603:. In May 1937 Yegipko arrived in Spain as part of the
184:
174:
164:
144:
126:
114:
94:
70:
44:
1381:Soviet military personnel of the Russian Civil War
747:, struck a mine, and Yegipko was blown from the
350:in August 1941. During this time his submarine,
933:, School Number 269, now School Number 585, in
1406:Recipients of the Virtuti Militari (1943–1989)
830:, with his obituary appearing in the journal
8:
816:Higher Naval School of Submarine Navigation
686:, successfully running the blockade of the
648:, of the same class as Yegipko's commands,
617:, until she was damaged beyond repair in a
370:Higher Naval School of Submarine Navigation
714:in November 1942, aboard Tovey's flagship
569:, while the rest of the crew received the
52:
41:
1401:Recipients of the Order of the Red Banner
1386:Soviet military personnel of World War II
548:. From 11 January 1936 until 20 February
1318:"СЕНСАЦИОННОЕ ПРИЗНАНИЕ АДМИРАЛА ЕГИПКО"
912:Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
565:Sergei Ivanovich Pastukhov received the
286:, and rose to the rank of vice-admiral.
995:
904:Orders of the Patriotic War First Class
502:as a mine officer aboard the submarine
1416:Soviet people of the Spanish Civil War
702:Return to the USSR and wartime service
1165:
1163:
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1027:
1025:
1023:
1021:
1019:
710:Yegipko, right, with British Admiral
317:. In 1936 he commanded the submarine
7:
1411:N. G. Kuznetsov Naval Academy alumni
1312:
1310:
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1001:
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794:Later war years and postwar service
735:German invasion of the Soviet Union
344:German invasion of the Soviet Union
482:as an engineer aboard the cruiser
346:in June 1941, participated in the
14:
1356:Burials at Serafimovskoe Cemetery
664:Yegipko then took command of the
621:in October 1937 while in port at
1396:Recipients of the Order of Lenin
1361:Military personnel from Mykolaiv
1270:(in Russian). Tallinskii Perehod
309:, and then on submarines in the
151:
131:
16:Soviet naval officer (1903-1985)
741:in August 1941, his submarine,
496:M.V. Frunze Higher Naval School
1173:(in Russian). Morskoe Sobranie
958:
595:Yegipko began studying at the
1:
918:Second Class, and the Polish
478:, initially serving with the
21:Eastern Slavic naming customs
1171:"Н. Египко. "Мои меридианы""
967:. The first was when he and
862:and went into teaching as a
739:Soviet evacuation of Tallinn
571:Order of the Badge of Honour
421:Armed Forces of South Russia
348:Soviet evacuation of Tallinn
1421:Soviet submarine commanders
858:, but became interested in
474:In 1925 Yegipko joined the
403:), on 9 November [
364:, including the disastrous
274:. He saw action during the
1447:
1391:Heroes of the Soviet Union
1320:(in Russian). reading.club
1295:(in Russian). sc585.spb.ru
1214:(in Russian). Nasha Pobeda
1057:(in Russian). warheroes.ru
1055:"Египко, Николай Павлович"
916:Order of the Partisan Star
674:was undergoing repairs in
228:Order of the Partisan Star
217:Order of the Patriotic War
211:Order of the Patriotic War
19:In this name that follows
18:
1268:"Египко Николай Павлович"
1212:"Египко Николай Павлович"
1112:"Египко Николай Павлович"
942:
847:
737:in June 1941. During the
259:
251:
244:Nikolai Pavlovich Yegipko
213:First Class (three times)
78:27 October] 1903
51:
1376:Russian military writers
1245:(in Russian). sovboat.ru
900:Orders of the Red Banner
696:Hero of the Soviet Union
585:The Nationalist cruiser
494:. He graduated from the
333:Hero of the Soviet Union
272:Hero of the Soviet Union
194:Hero of the Soviet Union
802:Yegipko's grave in the
694:, awarded the title of
625:. The city fell to the
262:; 9 November [
252:Николай Павлович Египко
205:Order of the Red Banner
1114:(in Russian). hrono.ru
891:
887:submarine memorial in
828:Serafimovskoe Cemetery
810:
804:Serafimovskoe Cemetery
791:
777:, flagship of Admiral
770:aboard the battleship
721:
661:
642:The Spanish submarine
592:
559:Stakhanovite movements
471:
260:Микола Павлович Єгипко
120:Serafimovskoe Cemetery
1431:Writers from Mykolaiv
1426:Soviet naval attachés
1243:""Щ-117" ("Макрель")"
908:Order of the Red Star
872:
864:Candidate of Sciences
856:Nakhimov Naval School
801:
783:
709:
698:on 22 February 1939.
641:
584:
567:Order of the Red Star
464:
383:Family and early life
223:Order of the Red Star
165:Years of service
74:9 November [
974:s former commander,
924:Aleksandra Donchenko
761:Arctic convoy duties
619:Nationalist air raid
387:Yegipko was born in
877:and vice-admiral's
688:Strait of Gibraltar
680:Nationalist faction
563:political commissar
508:training detachment
393:Kherson Governorate
85:Kherson Governorate
892:
881:on display at the
811:
727:Soviet-Finnish War
722:
662:
609:Republican faction
593:
488:and the destroyer
472:
409:shipbuilding yards
340:Soviet-Finnish War
325:Republican faction
1371:Soviet historians
965:Almirante Cervera
935:Kirovsky District
632:Almirante Cervera
601:Spanish Civil War
588:Almirante Cervera
577:Spanish Civil War
452:Polish–Soviet War
329:Spanish Civil War
291:Russian Civil War
280:Spanish Civil War
276:Russian Civil War
241:
240:
1438:
1330:
1329:
1327:
1325:
1314:
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1300:
1293:"Школьный музей"
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920:Virtuti Militari
849:
832:Sovetskii moryak
824:
808:Saint Petersburg
731:captain 1st rank
607:support for the
541:
528:-class submarine
516:
485:Chervona Ukraina
378:
342:, and after the
284:Second World War
261:
253:
233:Virtuti Militari
157:
155:
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137:
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101:
65:in November 1942
56:
42:
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1366:Soviet admirals
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976:Ivan Burmistrov
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480:Black Sea Fleet
399:(now Mykolaiv,
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307:Black Sea Fleet
169:
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132:
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103:
99:
79:
66:
47:
46:Nikolai Yegipko
40:
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11:
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896:Order of Lenin
795:
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757:Soviet embassy
703:
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692:Supreme Soviet
578:
575:
456:Treaty of Riga
397:Russian Empire
395:, part of the
384:
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362:Arctic convoys
315:Pacific Fleets
239:
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199:Order of Lenin
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102:(aged 81)
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89:Russian Empire
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848:Мои меридианы
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753:naval attaché
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749:conning tower
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718:King George V
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