1442:, in the hope of ensuring a final end of the draining war that had brought England close to bankruptcy. O'Neill, O'Donnell, and the other surviving Ulster chiefs were granted full pardons and the return of their estates. The stipulations were that they abandon their Irish titles, their private armies, and their control over their dependents, and that they swear loyalty only to the Crown of England. In 1604, Mountjoy declared an amnesty for rebels all over the country. The reason for this apparent mildness was that the English could not afford to continue the war any longer. Elizabethan England did not have a standing army, nor could it force its Parliament to pass enough taxation to pay for long wars. Moreover, it was already involved in a war in the
985:, the lower stretch of which ran through the dense forest of Glenconkeyn, formed an effective barrier on the eastern edge of the O'Neill territory. A further difficulty lay in the want of a port on the northern sea coast where the English might launch an amphibious attack into O'Neill's rear. The English strategic situation was complicated by interference from Scots clans, which were supplying O'Neill with soldiers and materials and playing upon the English need for local assistance, while keeping an eye to their own territorial influence in
1059:, though, had feared that O'Neill had no intention of being a simple landlord and that his ambition was to usurp her authority and be "a Prince of Ulster". For this reason she refused to grant O'Neill provincial presidency or any other position which would have given him authority to govern Ulster on the crown's behalf. Once it became clear that Henry Bagenal was marked to assume the presidency of Ulster, O'Neill accepted that an English offensive was inevitable, and so joined his allies in open rebellion in February 1595, with an
1191:
south
Leinster and Munster. He spent almost all of his time in Ireland awaiting transport that he had been promised before setting out, it being the only effective way of reaching his stated objective of Lough Foyle; however, a lack of administrative efficiency in England caused his plans to go awry and the requisite pack animals and ships were never sent. Those expeditions he did organise were disastrous, especially an expedition crossing the Curlew mountains to
242:
154:
6684:
788:
5045:
5056:
4260:
3340:
5033:
1289:
32:
1100:
1281:
1260:, the principal Gaelic Irish leader in the province, which allowed MacCarthy to be neutral, while Carew concentrated on attacking the force of James Fitzthomas Fitzgerald, who commanded the main rebel force. As a result, while MacCarthy resisted English raiding parties into his territory, he did not come to Fitzthomas's aid, despite urgings from O'Neill and O'Donnell to do this.
254:
5066:
232:
2166:, p. 253 "Part of Mountjoy's strategy for wearing down Tyrone and the other rebel lords was a relentless assault on the peasantry who gave their power its economic base. As his men moved into Tyrone's territory, they systematically cut down standing corn, seized or burnt harvested crops and butchered or carried off livestock. They also killed anyone they came across".
1344:, virtually the southern tip of Ireland. Mountjoy immediately besieged them with 7,000 men. O'Neill, O'Donnell, and their allies marched their armies south to sandwich Mountjoy, whose men were starving and wracked by disease, between them and the Spaniards. During the march south, O'Neill devastated the lands of those who would not support him.
1132:. The rest were surrounded in Armagh itself but negotiated safe passage for themselves in return for evacuating the town. O'Neill's personal enemy, Sir Henry Bagenal, had been in command of the army and was killed during the early engagements. It was the heaviest defeat ever suffered by the English army in Ireland up to that point.
1351:. On the 5/6 January 1602, O'Donnell, against the wishes and advice of O'Neill, took the decision to attack the English. Forming up for a surprise attack, the Irish chiefs were themselves surprised by a cavalry charge, resulting in a rout of the Irish forces. The Spanish in Kinsale surrendered after their allies' defeat.
1032:. Maguire launched a more ambitious raid into Connacht during June, when he clashed with forces led by the governor of Connacht, Sir Richard Bingham, but the English were beaten back and Maguire continued to spoil thorough Roscommon before returning north. In response, the crown forces were gathered under the command of
1159:
Only a handful of native lords remained consistently loyal to either side, and loyalties were complicated by splits within clans. However all the fortified cities and towns of the country sided with the
English colonial government. Hugh O'Neill, unable to take walled towns, made repeated overtures to
1453:
Irish sources claimed that as many as 60,000 people had died in the Ulster famine of 1602â3 alone. An Irish death toll of over 100,000 is possible. At least 30,000 English soldiers died in
Ireland in the Nine Years' War, mainly from disease. So the total death toll for the war was certainly at least
1255:
George Carew, the
English Lord President of Munster, managed more or less to quash the rebellion in Munster by mid-1601, using a mixture of conciliation and force. By the summer of 1601 he had retaken most of the principal castles in Munster and scattered the Irish forces. He did this by negotiating
1230:
In
November 1599 O'Neill sent a 22-paragraph document to Queen Elizabeth, listing his terms for a peace agreement. These called for a self-governing Ireland with restitution of confiscated lands and churches, freedom of movement, and a strong Roman Catholic identity. In respect of Irish sovereignty
2047:
Colm Lennon, Sixteenth
Century Ireland, The Incomplete Conquest, p. 322, "Despite the proclamations of O'Neill... there is little evidence that the townsfolk and Pale gentry were in sympathy with the Ulster chieftain's war, and in this they had the backing of leading Jesuits such as Father Richard
1210:
When he did turn to Ulster, Essex entered a parley with O'Neill and agreed a truce that was heavily criticised by his enemies in London, despite
Elizabeth's admission soon afterward that it was "so seasonably made...as great good...has grown by it." Anticipating a recall to England, he set out for
1370:
assumed leadership of the O'Donnell clan. Both he and Hugh O'Neill were reduced to guerrilla tactics, fighting in small bands, as
Mountjoy, Dowcra, Chichester, and Niall Garbh O'Donnell swept the countryside. The English scorched earth tactics were especially harsh on the civilian population, who
1190:
arrived in
Ireland with over 17,000 English troops. He took the advice of the Irish privy council, to settle the south of the country with garrisons before making an attempt on Ulster, but this dissipated his forces and he ended up suffering numerous setbacks on a desultory progress through
1082:
be made Prince of
Ireland, but nothing came of this. A truce in late 1595 was followed by the submission of Hugh Maguire in April 1596, and Tyrone promised to explain his conduct before the Queen in London, but the arrival of three Spanish envoys from Philip II in 1596 promising men and supplies
1135:
The victory prompted uprisings all over the country, with the assistance of mercenaries in O'Neill's pay and contingents from Ulster, and it is at this point that the war developed in its full force. Hugh O'Neill appointed his supporters as chieftains and earls around the country, notably James
1263:
In the summer of 1600, Carew launched an offensive against Fitzthomas's forces. The English routed Fitzthomas' forces at Aherlow and in November, Carew reported to London that he had, over the summer, killed 1,200 'rebels' and taken the surrenders of over 10,000. Carew also weakened Florence
906:
to be appointed by the Dublin government. O'Neill had eloped with Bagenal's sister, Mabel, and married her against her brother's wishes; the bitterness of this episode was made more intense after Mabel's early death a few years after the marriage, when she was reportedly in despair about her
1457:
Although O'Neill and his allies received good terms at the end of the war, they were never trusted by the English authorities and the distrust was mutual. O'Neill, O'Donnell, and the other Gaelic lords from Ulster allied to them left Ireland in 1607 in what is known as the
1354:
The Irish forces retreated north to Ulster to regroup and consolidate their position. The Ulstermen lost many more men in the retreat through freezing and flooded country than they had at the actual battle of Kinsale. The last rebel stronghold in the south was taken at the
1321:
Their military assumption was that without crops and people or cattle, the rebels could neither feed themselves nor raise new fighters. This attrition quickly began to bite, and it also meant that the Ulster chiefs were tied down in Ulster to defend their own territories.
830:. After a period of warfare, Shane had Matthew murdered and became O'Neill after his father died. After the murder of Matthew's first heir, Brian, the English authorities spirited the next heir Hugh out of Tyrone to be brought up with the Hovenden family in
1119:
had been slow to comprehend the scale of the rebellion. After failed negotiations in 1595, English armies tried to break into Ulster but were repulsed by a trained army including musketeers in prepared positions; after a stinging defeat at the
965:
sept, but suffered constant threat from the O'Donnells; the route from Newry into the heart of Ulster ran through several easily defended passes and could only be maintained in wartime with a punishing sacrifice by the Crown of men and money.
1784:
834:. At the parliament of 1585, Hugh O'Neill requested and was granted his English law birthright to the title of Earl of Tyrone. Prior to this and for several years afterwards Hugh O'Neill warred with the aging reigning chief of Tyrone,
893:
By the early 1590s, the north of Ireland was attracting the attention of Lord Deputy Fitzwilliam, who had been charged with bringing the area under crown control. A provincial presidency was proposed; the candidate for office was
1935:. "There was already the kindling of conspiracies between Spain and Ireland in 1592â3, but the spark that ignited discontent into rebellion was the appointment of Captain Humphrey Willis as sheriff of Fermanagh in spring 1593."
1462:" after news they planned another rebellion reached the authorities. They intended to organise an expedition from a Catholic power in Europe, preferably Spain, to restart the war but were unable to find any military backers.
1219:, who proved to be a far more able commander, though his greater success could just as well have been because he was provided with all of the administrative support Essex lacked. In addition, two veterans of Irish warfare,
1267:
In June 1601, James Fitzthomas was captured by the English forces. Shortly afterwards, Carew had Florence MacCarthy arrested after summoning him for negotiations. Both Fitzthomas and MacCarthy were held captive in the
1891:, pp. 4â5. "Philip OâSullivan Beare, the first chronicler of the Hiberno-Spanish relationship, dates the conflict originating in Ulster known as the Nine Years War between 1594 and 1603 as the Fifteen Years War".
2275:, p. 303. "Mountjoy aimed at the abject submission of O'Neill in the field. Tyrone itself was constricted by the spoiling tactics of the Lord Deputy...with famine conditions resulting in the winter of 1602â1603"
2246:
1036:, who launched an expedition into Monaghan, then Fermanagh, to crush Maguire and his allies, receiving his commission on 11 September 1593. Bagenal had under his command 144 horse, 763 foot, and 118 kern, to which
918:, resisted the imposition of an English sheriff; he was hanged and his lordship divided. There was an outcry, with several sources alleging corruption against Fitzwilliam, but the same policy was soon applied in
6713:
2175:
Lennon, 16th Century Ireland, p. 299,"His attritional methods included the establishment of provocative garrisons, campaigning in winter, and the winning over disaffected followers of the confederates"
1744:
1272:, where Fitzthomas eventually died. Most of the rest of the local lords submitted, once the principal native leaders had been arrested. O'Neill's mercenaries had been expelled from the province.
537:
1366:
Hugh Roe O'Donnell left for Spain pleading in vain for another Spanish landing. He died in 1602 of a feverâit is often incorrectly alleged that he was poisoned by a double agent. His brother
2381:
342:
708:. The war began in Ulster and northern Connacht, but eventually engulfed the entire island. The Irish alliance won numerous victories against the English forces in Ireland, such as the
6599:
5522:
1079:
838:
for control of Tyrone. Turlough died in 1595 allowing Hugh to be inaugurated "the O'Neill". Hugh however had also ruthlessly murdered his chief competitor to the title, Shane's son
1977:
Certificate given by Captain Alonso Cobos to the Irish Catholics, 15 May 1596 (Cal. S. P. Spain, 1587â1603, p. 169); O'Neill and O'Donnell to Philip II, 16 May 1596 (ibid, p. 620)
6803:
747:. At the height of the conflict (1600â1601) more than 18,000 soldiers were fighting in the English army in Ireland. By contrast, the English army assisting the Dutch during the
2576:
Patrick S Dineen & David Comyn (trans & eds) Geoffrey Keating: Foras Feasa ar Ăirinn: The history of Ireland, 4 vols, Irish Texts Society (London 1902â14; reprint 1987)
2048:
Field SJ. Whatever about their common Catholicism, the links with the Spanish monarchy were strongly eschewed by the vast majority of those of Old English origin in Ireland."
1164:
to join his rebellion, appealing to their Catholicism and to their alienation from the Dublin government and the provincial administrations. For the most part, however, the
885:. With the aid of Spain, O'Neill could arm and feed over 8,000 men, unprecedented for a Gaelic lord, and leaving him well prepared to resist English incursions into Ulster.
1024:). In 1593, Maguire supported by troops out of Tyrone led by Hugh O'Neill's brother, Cormac MacBaron, had combined to resist Willis' introduction as Sheriff into Maguire's
6604:
5615:
1040:
was to bring a further 200 horse and 1,200 foot. Bagenal entered Fermanagh on 22 September and was joined by O'Neill four days later. Unable to make a crossing of the
396:
6461:
3656:
530:
664:
451:
358:
263:
235:
5681:
3376:
1426:
had fought with the English during the war and was granted lordship of West Breifne in return. Following a twelve-day siege, a force of 3,000 men led by Tadhg,
49:
6633:
4296:
5136:
2591:
Paul Walsh (trans & ed) Beatha Aodha Ruaidh UĂ Dhomhnaill: The Life of Aodh Ruadh O Dhomhnaill, 2 vols (Dublin 1948 & 1957; reprint 1988 & 1994)
1850:
5800:
5224:
4460:
4442:
6647:
2034:
1383:
due to the approach of Mountjoy's forces, and withdrew to hide in the woods. In a symbolic gesture Mountjoy smashed the O'Neills' inauguration stone at
1028:. After Willis was expelled from Fermanagh, Maguire, with the aid of MacBaron, launched punishing raids into northern Connacht, burning villages around
523:
5568:
5502:
5446:
3526:
3511:
1392:
1391:
soon hit Ulster as a result of the English scorched earth strategy. O'Neill's uirithe or sub-lords (O'Hagan, O'Quinn, MacCann) began to surrender and
1367:
1311:
423:
6466:
5102:
5059:
4470:
3516:
3162:
3152:
6638:
5662:
5451:
3470:
2588:
Katharine Simms, From Kings to Warlords: The Changing Political Structures of Gaelic Ireland in the Later Middle Ages (Boydell 1987; reprint 2000)
427:
5069:
3157:
2957:
2902:
2619:
2370:
1410:
Although the war had effectively ended with the signing of the Treaty of Mellifont, its final battles were fought during the English invasion of
5812:
5696:
5356:
4480:
3706:
3587:
3147:
2780:
439:
6708:
2579:
Patrick J Duffy, David Edwards & Elizabeth FitzPatrick (eds) Gaelic Ireland c. 1250âc. 1650: Land, Lordship & Settlement (Dublin 2001)
6651:
6614:
5645:
1794:
1754:
1715:
1001:
Historians disagree on the exact beginning of the Nine Years' War, but it is generally considered to have begun in May 1593 with Gaelic lord
2800:
6516:
5899:
5785:
5619:
4210:
1395:, Hugh Roe's brother and successor, surrendered on terms at the end of 1602. However, with a secure base in the large and dense forests of
447:
298:
857:. He also recruited his tenants and dependants into military service and tied the peasantry to the land to increase food production (see
5854:
5767:
5724:
4475:
2942:
2661:
1240:
1236:
811:
795:
96:
5229:
5217:
5212:
5200:
4329:
4324:
2149:
1959:
James O'Neill, Maguire's revolt but Tyrone's war: proxy war in Fermanagh 1593â94, Seanchas Ard Mhacha, vol. 26, no. 1 (2016), pp. 44â45
6619:
6383:
6286:
5780:
5691:
5466:
5269:
5128:
4740:
2952:
2002:
1526:
1427:
1187:
1064:
823:
573:
404:
400:
68:
5195:
1649:
1088:
5476:
3369:
2562:
2529:
2499:
2462:
2439:
2420:
2401:
2356:
1216:
369:
115:
5241:
5181:
3072:
2962:
6763:
6743:
6738:
6642:
5666:
5298:
4812:
4289:
3233:
2594:
Micheline Kerney Walsh, An Exile of Ireland: Hugh O Neill Prince of Ulster (Cumann Seanchas Ard Mhacha 1986; reprint Dublin 1996)
1318:, a rival of Hugh Roe, devastated the countryside in an effort to provoke a famine and killed the civilian population at random.
1220:
1002:
419:
287:
75:
2505:
T W Moody, F X Martin & F J Byrne (eds) A New History of Ireland: Early Modern Ireland 1534â1691 (Oxford 1987; reprint 1993)
6758:
6753:
6279:
5906:
5352:
4807:
4752:
4417:
3628:
3506:
2967:
2713:
1037:
939:
685:
279:
2866:
6748:
5911:
5807:
5481:
5461:
5416:
5114:
1946:
1875:
1551:
1060:
593:
578:
53:
3521:
2977:
6778:
82:
6768:
5889:
5598:
5512:
4085:
3475:
3238:
3207:
2251:
2219:
333:
5371:
1705:
6793:
6546:
5864:
5790:
5640:
5573:
5497:
5095:
4990:
4827:
4744:
4712:
3546:
3362:
3202:
3167:
3142:
3032:
3017:
2907:
1414:
in April 1603, which remained the sole holdout Irish kingdom following O'Neill's capitulation. The kingdom was ruled by
2795:
1048:. Blocking forces were posted by Maguire at the ford of Belleek, but these were overcome by Bagenal and O'Neill at the
6773:
5884:
5257:
4748:
4282:
1520:
977:, where a small colony had been planted in the 1570s; but here too the terrain was unfavorable for the English, since
961:
in the west â the terrain in between was largely mountains, woodland, bog, and marshes. Sligo Castle was held by the
568:
325:
64:
4768:
3480:
3343:
3197:
3117:
3107:
3037:
2805:
2612:
1486:
1347:
The English force might have been destroyed by hunger and sickness but the issue was decided in their favour at the
6589:
6228:
5894:
5588:
5006:
4837:
4412:
4156:
4126:
3984:
3821:
3817:
3582:
3577:
3561:
3067:
3062:
3022:
2982:
2972:
2765:
2667:
2322:
1569:
1478:
1430:, and Rory O'Donnell eventually brought the area, and thus all of Ireland, under English control on 25 April 1603.
953:
enjoyed. By land there were only two viable points of entry to the province for troops marching from the south: at
835:
603:
588:
329:
2917:
1914:
42:
6798:
6733:
6728:
6296:
6152:
5872:
5686:
5608:
5593:
5578:
5426:
5361:
5323:
5313:
5303:
5163:
4998:
4465:
4427:
4421:
4357:
4319:
3127:
3102:
3092:
3007:
2881:
2861:
2846:
1639:
1557:
1500:
In 1608 the absent earls' lands were confiscated for trying to start another war, and were soon colonised in the
1125:
842:. He also had sub-chiefs who wouldn't toe the line murdered such as Phelim McTurlough O'Neill, lord of Killetra.
760:
713:
705:
598:
145:
141:
3192:
6788:
6783:
6723:
6718:
6541:
5671:
5285:
4731:
4431:
3886:
3485:
2681:
4555:
4191:
4151:
3783:
3595:
3187:
3122:
3077:
3012:
1315:
1152:, the colonisation of the province with English settlers, was dealt a serious blow; the colonists, among them
839:
435:
6609:
6558:
6274:
6026:
5775:
5635:
5441:
5386:
5376:
5343:
5176:
5088:
4926:
4758:
4437:
4402:
3716:
3701:
3097:
3002:
2997:
2987:
2947:
2876:
2775:
2739:
2692:
2652:
1634:
1466:
701:
302:
2927:
2912:
2897:
949:
The most significant difficulty for English forces in confronting O'Neill lay in the natural defences that
6629:
6506:
6132:
5652:
5507:
5396:
5347:
4975:
4792:
4787:
4725:
4619:
4485:
4407:
4382:
4372:
4107:
3979:
3813:
3726:
3666:
3212:
3087:
3082:
2744:
1504:. The Nine Years' War was therefore an important step in the English and Scottish colonisation of Ulster.
1494:
1404:
1149:
1056:
158:
Ireland in 1600 showing approximate Irish alliance control at its height (red), and English control (blue)
4136:
2605:
6291:
6262:
5795:
5037:
4959:
4777:
4717:
4367:
3856:
3794:
2922:
1940:
1864:. "Writing a history of the Nine Years War is difficult because historians disagree over when it began."
1593:
1575:
1563:
1419:
1196:
1165:
638:
613:
608:
385:
4176:
3861:
3556:
3536:
2770:
2724:
1415:
1013:
846:
693:
283:
89:
853:). Within his own territories, O'Neill was entitled to limited military service from his sub-lords or
684:, took place in Ireland from 1593 to 1603. It was fought between an Irish confederationâled mainly by
6661:
6428:
6199:
6176:
5961:
5847:
5701:
5676:
5545:
5366:
5338:
4917:
4781:
4721:
4500:
4490:
4386:
4240:
4161:
3972:
3967:
3721:
3696:
3661:
3490:
3409:
3290:
3112:
2856:
2749:
2719:
1617:
1581:
1532:
1501:
1380:
1326:
1121:
986:
748:
737:
709:
653:
618:
583:
6536:
6438:
6363:
6334:
6222:
6067:
5757:
5747:
5657:
5333:
5190:
5171:
5125:
4967:
4847:
4822:
4817:
4797:
4627:
4579:
4396:
4347:
3999:
3881:
3851:
3804:
3736:
3691:
3621:
3460:
3385:
3137:
3132:
3057:
2992:
2851:
2734:
2729:
2707:
2702:
1851:"Tenace on O'Neill, 'The Nine Years War, 1593-1603: O'Neill, Mountjoy and the Military Revolution'"
1459:
1447:
1443:
1400:
1399:, O'Neill held out until 30 March 1603, when he surrendered on good terms to Mountjoy, signing the
1360:
729:
728:(1603). Many of the defeated northern lords left Ireland to seek support for a new uprising in the
725:
197:
192:
2657:
1771:
The Confiscation of Ulster, in the Reign of James the First, Commonly Called The Ulster Plantation
6563:
6496:
6491:
6418:
6401:
6319:
6006:
5934:
5563:
5431:
5381:
5318:
5293:
5289:
5207:
5151:
4982:
4888:
4763:
4611:
4505:
4377:
4362:
4305:
4235:
4146:
3896:
2785:
1439:
1257:
1141:
1084:
1071:
878:
850:
759:
The Nine Years' War was caused by the clashes between the Gaelic Irish lord Hugh O'Neill and the
503:~30,000 soldiers (though more died from disease than in battle) and hundreds of English colonists
259:
5827:
3551:
3531:
3177:
3172:
2937:
2932:
2628:
2582:
Elizabeth Fitzpatrick, Royal Inauguration in Gaelic Inauguration c. 1100â1600, (Woodbridge 2004)
1644:
1482:
1423:
1055:
Initially O'Neill assisted the English, hoping to be named as Lord President of Ulster himself.
443:
346:
20:
877:
from Scotland and England. From 1591, O'Donnell, on O'Neill's behalf, had been in contact with
6594:
6524:
6244:
6106:
6100:
5971:
5877:
5837:
5742:
5603:
4881:
4773:
4563:
4206:
3846:
3809:
3450:
3248:
3182:
3027:
2558:
2525:
2521:
2495:
2458:
2435:
2416:
2397:
2352:
2242:
2028:
1869:
1790:
1750:
1711:
1629:
1605:
1587:
1514:
1473:
and did not wish to reopen hostilities. Further, a Spanish fleet had just been destroyed by a
1348:
1224:
1211:
London in 1599 without the Queen's permission, where he was executed after attempting a court
1049:
1033:
822:. Matthew O'Neill had been appointed by Conn as his heir, whereas Conn's eldest surviving son
623:
563:
6453:
6433:
6254:
6209:
5583:
5264:
5246:
5133:
4943:
4643:
4186:
4131:
3926:
3751:
3686:
3320:
3305:
3295:
2841:
2825:
2790:
2224:
2117:
2084:
1599:
1541:
1490:
1307:
1297:
1181:
1145:
1108:
1045:
1029:
767:
to ruling the whole island. In resisting this advance, O'Neill managed to rally other Irish
721:
633:
628:
412:
389:
377:
354:
306:
291:
153:
4221:
2009:
1288:
1264:
MacCarthy's position by recruiting a rival MacCarthy chieftain, Donal, to English service.
6553:
6481:
6476:
6314:
6306:
6184:
6111:
5752:
5436:
5411:
4935:
4181:
3989:
3942:
3905:
3825:
3777:
3772:
3676:
3269:
2672:
1919:
1611:
1384:
1356:
1269:
1137:
1017:
807:
744:
648:
643:
318:
314:
4691:
4052:
4023:
3541:
3465:
2815:
1128:
in 1598 up to 2,000 English troops were killed after being attacked on the march to
743:
The war against O'Neill and his allies was the largest conflict fought by England in the
2514:
1231:
he now accepted English overlordship, but requested that the viceroy ".. be at least an
6688:
6584:
6423:
6411:
6189:
6001:
5517:
5252:
5236:
5186:
5049:
4909:
4873:
4659:
4352:
4263:
4225:
4141:
4071:
4056:
4011:
3932:
3871:
3836:
3789:
3741:
3731:
3651:
3614:
2810:
2697:
2677:
2647:
2341:
The Old English in Early Modern Ireland: The Palesmen and the Nine Years' War 1594â1603
2318:
2121:
2088:
1474:
1470:
1153:
1021:
858:
815:
799:
733:
717:
689:
408:
246:
203:
6702:
6239:
6072:
5946:
5421:
5406:
4245:
4102:
4039:
3937:
3799:
3264:
2871:
2451:
1199:. Thousands of his troops, shut up in unsanitary garrisons, died of diseases such as
1116:
990:
974:
970:
895:
881:, appealing for military aid against their common enemy and citing also their shared
874:
776:
373:
1418:, one of the alliance's chief lieutenants and leader of the Irish forces during the
1336:
In 1601, the long promised Spanish finally arrived in the form of 3,500 soldiers at
787:
515:
6393:
6329:
6324:
6234:
6217:
6042:
5981:
5471:
5456:
4832:
4683:
4635:
4595:
4229:
4171:
3919:
3866:
3310:
2820:
2509:
2366:
2210:
1654:
1411:
1169:
927:
4587:
4079:
4048:
4015:
3671:
1833:
943:
923:
2548:
W L Renwick, Edmund Spenser: A View of the Present State of Ireland (Oxford 1979)
2378:
Los Irlandeses y la Monarquia Hispanica (1529-1800): Vinculos in Espacio y Tiempo
6530:
6443:
6142:
6086:
6047:
5308:
4901:
4893:
4736:
4547:
4029:
4019:
3959:
3831:
3404:
3243:
2551:
1446:. As it was, the war in Ireland (which cost over ÂŁ2 million) came very close to
1396:
1341:
1124:, successive English offensives were driven back in the following years. At the
1104:
978:
935:
882:
31:
2150:"The MacCarthys and the Nine Years War in Munster. 1595â1603 â The Irish Story"
1438:
The leaders of the rebellion received good terms from the new King of England,
1099:
6624:
6268:
6147:
6057:
6021:
6011:
5817:
5014:
4857:
4802:
4675:
4651:
4571:
4495:
3711:
3399:
3049:
2687:
2134:
Calendar of State Papers relating to Ireland, 1599â1600 (London 1899) 279â281.
1325:
Although O'Neill managed to repulse another land offensive by Mountjoy at the
1280:
1041:
982:
962:
697:
2185:
1302:
Mountjoy managed to penetrate the interior of Ulster by seaborne landings at
1168:
remained hostile to their hereditary Gaelic enemies. The English fortress at
1044:, Bagenal and O'Neill marched (separately) northwards to the northern end of
716:(1598), but the English won a pivotal victory against the alliance and their
6656:
6377:
6161:
6016:
5991:
5966:
5391:
4865:
4667:
4166:
4075:
4007:
3912:
3746:
3300:
3274:
2642:
2349:
The Nine Years War, 1593â1603: O'Neill, Mountjoy and the Military Revolution
1314:
and Carrickfergus under Arthur Chichester. Dowcra and Chichester, helped by
1204:
1025:
1006:
819:
772:
500:~100,000 soldiers and Irish civilians (the vast majority died due to famine)
231:
6342:
6062:
4539:
3841:
2597:
2228:
1986:
1422:. He failed to secure any concessions from the treaty as his half-brother
861:). In addition, he hired large contingents of Irish mercenaries (known as
6568:
6501:
6166:
6052:
5996:
5401:
4033:
3876:
3325:
3315:
1485:, who had previously fought on the Crown's side against Tyrone, launched
1161:
919:
911:
831:
827:
764:
2516:
Tyrone's Rebellion: The outbreak of the Nine Years' War in Tudor Ireland
2214:
2058:
6486:
6471:
6370:
6157:
6137:
5111:
4603:
4523:
3429:
1337:
1200:
903:
478:
179:
3354:
1987:
Morgan H., "Faith and Fatherland or Queen and Country"; DĂșiche NĂ©ill:
6356:
6349:
6194:
6127:
5986:
4531:
4274:
4062:
4044:
3419:
3414:
2326:
1388:
1244:
1212:
1129:
1075:
950:
870:
866:
803:
471:
2432:
The Elizabethan Conquest of Ireland: A Pattern Established, 1565â76
2369:(2013). Peduelo Martin, Eduardo; Rodriguez de Diego, Julia (eds.).
1809:
Nicholas Canny, Hugh O'Neill and the Changing Face of Gaelic Ulster
6406:
5976:
4216:
4067:
3767:
3637:
3424:
1371:
died in great numbers both from direct targeting and from famine.
1330:
1303:
1287:
1279:
1192:
1098:
958:
954:
931:
899:
786:
768:
241:
5080:
2585:
John O'Donovan (ed.) Annals of Ireland by the Four Masters (1851)
849:, his ally, Hugh O'Neill enlisted Scottish mercenaries (known as
3434:
2538:
David Beers Quinn, The Elizabethans and the Irish (Cornell 1966)
1232:
915:
5932:
5722:
5543:
5149:
5084:
4278:
3610:
3358:
2601:
519:
6094:
1087:
sailed in 1596; the war in Ireland became a part of the wider
902:, who would seek to impose the authority of the crown through
25:
1148:. In Munster as many as 9,000 men came out in rebellion. The
869:
such as Richard Tyrrell. To arm his soldiers, O'Neill bought
2108:
Henry, L. W. (1959). "The Earl of Essex and Ireland, 1599".
2075:
Henry, L. W. (1959). "The Earl of Essex and Ireland, 1599".
1172:
surrendered in November 1599 after a thirteen month siege.
1707:
The 'Mere Irish' and the Colonisation of Ulster, 1570-1641
1227:, were given commands in Munster and Ulster respectively.
1746:
The Problem of Ireland in Tudor Foreign Policy, 1485-1603
802:, which dominated the centre of the northern province of
3606:
2568:
Hamilton, Ernest, Lord. 'Elizabethan Ulster' (1858â1939)
1729:
1727:
1243:
commented in the margin of the document, with the word "
1111:
commemorating the Irish victory over the English in 1599
826:
was the preferred heir according to the Irish custom of
6714:
16th-century military history of the Kingdom of England
5523:
List of World Heritage Sites in the Republic of Ireland
946:
territories was bound to be resisted by force of arms.
910:
In 1591, Fitzwilliam broke up the MacMahon lordship in
771:
who were dissatisfied with English government and some
2321:
line which derived its origins from the ancient hero,
969:
The English did have a foothold within Ulster, around
2371:"The establishment of the Irish-Spanish relationship"
736:
and created the groundwork for the foundation of the
5253:
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
2307:& 2: Cyril Falls, Elizabeth's Irish Wars, p. 49.
2144:
2142:
2140:
1915:"Death in the lakelands: Tyrone's proxy war, 1593â4"
6577:
6515:
6452:
6392:
6305:
6253:
6208:
6175:
6120:
6085:
6035:
5954:
5945:
5863:
5766:
5735:
5628:
5556:
5490:
5278:
5162:
4846:
4703:
4514:
4451:
4338:
4312:
4199:
4118:
3998:
3958:
3951:
3895:
3760:
3644:
3570:
3499:
3443:
3392:
3283:
3257:
3224:
3046:
2890:
2834:
2758:
2635:
2394:
Sixteenth Century Ireland â The Incomplete Conquest
1276:
Battle of Kinsale and the collapse of the rebellion
751:was never more than 12,000 strong at any one time.
56:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2513:
2450:
1070:Later in 1595 O'Neill and O'Donnell wrote to King
5616:List of national parks of the Republic of Ireland
2215:"O'Donnell, 'Red' Hugh (Ă Domhnaill, Aodh Ruadh)"
1989:Journal of the OÂčNeill Country Historical Society
1020:, out of his territory, Tyrconnell (now part of
732:(1607), never to return. This marked the end of
216:Entirety of Ireland is now under English control
6462:Association football in the Republic of Ireland
3657:Pre-Norman invasion Irish Celtic kinship groups
134:
1333:in 1600, his position was becoming desperate.
5096:
4290:
3622:
3370:
2613:
2317:The O'Neill dynasty claimed descent from the
531:
8:
6804:Political violence in the Kingdom of Ireland
1450:the English exchequer by its close in 1603.
914:when The MacMahon, hereditary leader of the
5225:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
2284:
1900:
1691:
1493:. O'Doherty was defeated and killed at the
1292:Charles Blount, 8th Baron Mountjoy, c. 1594
6648:Public holidays in the Republic of Ireland
5951:
5942:
5929:
5732:
5719:
5553:
5540:
5159:
5146:
5103:
5089:
5081:
4297:
4283:
4275:
3995:
3955:
3629:
3615:
3607:
3588:Bridget FitzGerald, Countess of Tyrconnell
3377:
3363:
3355:
2620:
2606:
2598:
1063:, which guarded a strategic bridge on the
938:). Any attempt to further the same in the
538:
524:
516:
152:
131:
16:1593â1603 Irish war against Tudor conquest
2065:, Volume 1, No. 3 (October 1909), p. 130.
116:Learn how and when to remove this message
6467:Association football in Northern Ireland
4471:Counties of Meath and Westmeath Act 1543
5663:Demographics of the Republic of Ireland
1672:
1195:, which was mauled by O'Donnell at the
798:came from the powerful Ă NĂ©ill sept of
761:advance of the English state in Ireland
319:
4481:Act for the Settlement of Ireland 1652
3707:Act for the Settlement of Ireland 1652
3517:Catherine Magennis, Countess of Tyrone
3512:Rory O'Donnell, 1st Earl of Tyrconnell
2272:
2033:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
2026:
1938:
1888:
1867:
1679:
907:husband's neglect and his mistresses.
413:
390:
292:
1497:and the rebellion quickly collapsed.
7:
2479:Calendar of State Papers: Carew MSS.
2411:McCoy, Gerard Anthony Hayes (1989),
1733:Falls, Elizabeth's Irish Wars, pg 49
704:, and was a response to the ongoing
54:adding citations to reliable sources
5065:
4476:Settlement of Laois and Offaly 1556
2457:, Oxford: Oxford University Press,
2186:"Beatha Aodha Ruaidh UĂ Dhomhnaill"
1704:Farrell, Gerard (10 October 2017).
1454:100,000 people, and probably more.
5692:Tourism in the Republic of Ireland
5467:Economy of the Republic of Ireland
5265:Irish Free State (1922–1937)
2247:"O'Donnell (Ă Domhnall), RuaidhrĂ"
2164:Contested Island, Ireland 146â1630
2122:10.1111/j.1468-2281.1959.tb01621.x
2089:10.1111/j.1468-2281.1959.tb01621.x
1968:O'Neill, The Nine Years War, p. 29
1838:. Hurst and Blackett. p. 154.
1657:, perspective from English history
1527:Battle of the Ford of the Biscuits
1381:destroyed his capital at Dungannon
1188:Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex
1078:. Philip proposed that his cousin
814:, the first O'Neill to be created
724:(1601â02). The war ended with the
14:
5477:Post-2008 Irish economic downturn
2485:Calendar of State Papers: Ireland
2475:3 vols. :(London, 1885â1890)
2453:Making Ireland British, 1580â1650
2387:from the original on 25 May 2024.
1547:1597 â Battle of Casan-na-gCuradh
1215:. He was succeeded in Ireland by
898:, an English colonist settled in
474:(1594) but thousands joined after
6682:
5646:Tallest buildings and structures
5064:
5055:
5054:
5043:
5031:
4259:
4258:
3339:
3338:
2059:Story of Castle Magne, Co. Kerry
1786:Conflicts that Changed the World
1103:Statue of Red Hugh O'Donnell at
1074:for help, and offered to be his
791:Hugh O'Neill, 2nd Earl of Tyrone
252:
240:
230:
30:
4418:Cromwellian conquest of Ireland
1769:Thomas Mac Nevin, James Duffy,
1251:End of the Rebellion in Munster
1083:ended any chances of peace. An
1016:had driven an English sheriff,
806:. His father, Matthew O'Neill,
401:Robert Devereux (Earl of Essex)
41:needs additional citations for
5482:Post-2008 Irish banking crisis
4330:History of Ireland (1691â1800)
4325:History of Ireland (1536â1691)
3073:Muirchertach Ceannfada O'Neill
2714:An sluagh sidhe so i nEamhuin?
2396:, Dublin: St. Martin's Press,
1061:assault on the Blackwater Fort
405:Charles Blount (Lord Mountjoy)
65:"Nine Years' War" Ireland
19:For the war of the 1690s, see
1:
2557:(1950; reprint London, 1996)
2351:. Dublin: Four Courts Press.
2252:Dictionary of Irish Biography
2220:Dictionary of Irish Biography
2063:Kerry Archaeological Magazine
1913:O'Neill, James (April 2015).
1849:Tenace, Edward (March 2019).
1650:Anglo-Spanish War (1585â1604)
1136:Fitzthomas Fitzgerald as the
6547:Northern Ireland flags issue
5498:List of conflicts in Ireland
5242:Southern Ireland (1921â1922)
4713:Dublin Castle administration
3507:Hugh O'Neill, Earl of Tyrone
2918:Niall MĂłr mac Aodha Reamhair
2801:MĂĄel DĂșin mac MĂĄele Fithrich
2572:Sources for Gaelic Ireland:
2415:, Belfast: Appletree Press,
1749:. Boydell & Brewer Ltd.
1537:1596 â Third Sack of Athenry
1469:in August 1604 with the new
1095:Irish victory at Yellow Ford
1005:resisting the occupation of
5518:Gaelic clothing and fashion
2481:6 vols (London, 1867â1873).
2449:Canny, Nicholas P. (2001),
2434:, Sussex: Harvester Press,
2430:Canny, Nicholas P. (1976),
1481:in April 1607. In 1608 Sir
1284:Map of the Siege of Kinsale
1115:The English authorities in
6820:
4413:Wars of the Three Kingdoms
3562:Eoghan Ruadh Mac an Bhaird
2781:Muirchertach mac Muiredaig
2766:Niall of the Nine Hostages
2668:Gaelic nobility of Ireland
2323:Niall of the Nine Hostages
2312:
2302:
1945:: CS1 maint: postscript (
1874:: CS1 maint: postscript (
1832:Hamilton, Earnest (1858).
1783:Castleden, Rodney (2008).
1295:
1179:
889:Crown advances into Ulster
775:who opposed the spread of
589:Dublin gunpowder explosion
334:Donal Cam O'Sullivan Beare
18:
6709:Nine Years' War (Ireland)
6678:
5941:
5928:
5731:
5718:
5552:
5539:
5158:
5145:
5121:
5038:British Empire portal
5026:
4466:Crown of Ireland Act 1542
4358:Tudor conquest of Ireland
4320:Timeline of Irish history
4254:
3486:Ulster Conspiracy of 1615
3334:
3203:Jorge Torlades O'Neill II
3033:Turlough Luineach O'Neill
3018:Turlough MacShane O'Neill
2545:" 2 vols. (London, 1896).
1640:Tudor conquest of Ireland
1558:Battle of the Yellow Ford
1126:Battle of the Yellow Ford
810:, was the reputed son of
714:Battle of the Yellow Ford
706:Tudor conquest of Ireland
662:
559:
507:
494:
459:
269:
224:
162:
151:
146:European wars of religion
142:Tudor conquest of Ireland
139:
4732:Privy Council of Ireland
3887:Gaelic Christian mission
3466:OâNeill-OâCahan disputes
3198:Jorge Torlades O'Neill I
3118:Murtagh Dulenagh O'Neill
3108:Brian Ballagh II O'Neill
2541:Standish O'Grady (ed.) "
2473:Ireland under the Tudors
1743:Palmer, William (1994).
1491:attacked and burnt Derry
1237:privy council of England
1156:, fled for their lives.
170:May 1593 â 30 March 1603
6764:Wars involving Scotland
6744:17th-century rebellions
6739:16th-century rebellions
6639:Prostitution (Republic)
4759:Court of Castle Chamber
4438:Irish Rebellion of 1798
4428:WilliamiteâJacobite War
4403:Irish Rebellion of 1641
4157:Yn Ăheshaght Ghailckagh
3717:Jacobite rising of 1745
3578:Cormac MacBaron O'Neill
3208:Hugo José Jorge O'Neill
3023:Phelim MacShane O'Neill
2983:Cormac MacBaron O'Neill
2740:Irish Rebellion of 1641
2347:O'Neill, James (2017).
1789:. Canary Press eBooks.
1635:List of Irish uprisings
1570:Battle of Deputy's Pass
1552:Battle of Carrickfergus
1239:". Elizabeth's adviser
1176:Earl of Essex's command
1175:
836:Turlough Lynagh O'Neill
702:English rule in Ireland
330:Cormac MacBaron O'Neill
6759:Wars involving Ireland
6754:Wars involving England
5508:List of Irish kingdoms
4793:Trinity College Dublin
4788:Grand Lodge of Ireland
4726:Irish House of Commons
4684:Bréifne Uà Raghallaigh
4486:Act of Settlement 1662
4408:Irish Confederate Wars
4383:Plantations of Ireland
4373:Reformation in Ireland
3128:Brian McPhelim O'Neill
3008:Henry MacShane O'Neill
2882:Niall Culanach O'Neill
2867:Ăed in MacĂĄem TĂłinlesc
2862:Flaithbertach Ua NĂ©ill
2847:Muirchertach mac NĂ©ill
2796:MĂĄel Fithrich mac Ăedo
2745:Irish Confederate Wars
2555:Elizabeth's Irish Wars
1822:, Suffolk 1993, p. 19.
1773:(Dublin: 1840), p. 14
1495:Battle of Kilmacrennan
1407:had died on 24 March.
1293:
1285:
1112:
792:
488:~5â6,000 (before 1598)
270:Commanders and leaders
6749:Rebellions in Ireland
6615:Mass media (Republic)
6559:National coat of arms
5447:IRA Northern Campaign
4718:Parliament of Ireland
4368:Surrender and regrant
4192:An Coimisinéir Teanga
4152:An Comunn GĂ idhealach
3857:Oireachtas na Gaeilge
3596:Mary Stuart O'Donnell
3481:O'Doherty's Rebellion
3217:Charles Henry O'Neill
3123:Phelim Bacagh O'Neill
3078:Brian Ballagh O'Neill
3013:Conn MacShane O'Neill
2928:Brian Ăg mac NĂ©ill Ăg
2806:Fergal mac MĂĄele DĂșin
2392:Lennon, Colm (1995),
2229:10.3318/dib.006343.v1
1594:Battle of Castlehaven
1576:Battle of Curlew Pass
1564:Siege of Cahir Castle
1487:O'Doherty's Rebellion
1465:Spain had signed the
1420:Battle of Curlew Pass
1316:Niall Garve O'Donnell
1291:
1283:
1197:Battle of Curlew Pass
1102:
840:Hugh Gavelagh O'Neill
812:Conn O'Neill the Lame
790:
495:Casualties and losses
436:Niall Garve O'Donnell
6769:Wars involving Spain
6537:County coats of arms
6429:List of Irish people
5503:List of Irish tribes
5353:Cromwellian conquest
5339:Plantation of Ulster
5270:Ireland (since 1922)
4722:Irish House of Lords
4501:Constitution of 1782
4241:Kingdom of the Isles
4162:Seachtain na Gaeilge
4127:ĂdarĂĄs na Gaeltachta
3882:Insular Christianity
3697:Plantation of Ulster
3662:High King of Ireland
3491:Plantation of Ulster
3410:Quillebeuf-sur-Seine
3003:Hugh McShane O'Neill
2998:Brian MacArt O'Neill
2988:Art MacBaron O'Neill
2948:Phelim Caoch O'Neill
2857:Domnall Ua Lochlainn
2776:Muiredach mac EĂłgain
2720:High King of Ireland
1618:Burning of Dungannon
1582:Battle of Moyry Pass
1533:Battle of Clontibret
1521:Siege of Enniskillen
1502:Plantation of Ulster
1327:Battle of Moyry Pass
1122:Battle of Clontibret
783:Rise of Hugh O'Neill
763:, from control over
738:Plantation of Ulster
710:Battle of Clontibret
574:Ford of the Biscuits
509:Total dead: 130,000+
490:~18,000 (after 1598)
483:3,500 Spanish (1601)
466:~21,000, including:
303:Fiach McHugh O'Byrne
50:improve this article
6794:Catholic rebellions
6652:in Northern Ireland
6643:in Northern Ireland
6384:Legendary creatures
6297:Traditional singing
6133:Saint Patrick's Day
5768:Republic of Ireland
5697:Tourist attractions
5682:ROI–UK border
5667:of Northern Ireland
5620:in Northern Ireland
5452:IRA Border Campaign
5427:War of Independence
5397:Second Great Famine
5382:Act of Union (1800)
5334:Flight of the Earls
5191:Lordship of Ireland
5126:Republic of Ireland
4798:Order of St Patrick
4620:Mac William Ăochtar
4397:Flight of the Earls
4348:Lordship of Ireland
3737:Highland Clearances
3692:Flight of the Earls
3547:Cuchonnacht Maguire
3461:Treaty of Mellifont
3386:Flight of the Earls
3213:Jorge Maria O'Neill
3193:José Carlos O'Neill
3088:Hugh Boy II O'Neill
3083:Murtagh Roe O'Neill
2735:Flight of the Earls
2730:Treaty of Mellifont
2287:, pp. 108â109.
2110:Historical Research
2077:Historical Research
1544:, Sack of Bohermore
1479:Battle of Gibraltar
1460:Flight of the Earls
1444:Spanish Netherlands
1401:Treaty of Mellifont
1306:(then belonging to
1085:unsuccessful armada
934:â territory of the
782:
730:Flight of the Earls
726:Treaty of Mellifont
680:, sometimes called
370:William Fitzwilliam
198:Flight of the Earls
193:Treaty of Mellifont
6689:Ireland portal
6007:Skirts and kidneys
5513:List of High Kings
5432:Anglo-Irish Treaty
5372:First Great Famine
5357:Settlement of 1652
5329:Tyrone's Rebellion
5319:Desmond Rebellions
5208:Kingdom of Ireland
5050:Ireland portal
4828:Catholic Committee
4764:Peerage of Ireland
4572:Clann Aodha Buidhe
4506:Acts of Union 1800
4378:Desmond Rebellions
4306:Kingdom of Ireland
4236:Kingdom of Munster
4177:Comunn na GĂ idhlig
4147:Conradh na Gaeilge
3784:Lebor GabĂĄla Ărenn
3537:Cathbarr O'Donnell
3188:José Maria O'Neill
3163:John Bruce O'Neill
2923:Niall Ăg mac NĂ©ill
2877:Donnell Ăg O'Neill
2786:Domnall Ilchelgach
2750:O'Neill's Regiment
2725:Tyrone's Rebellion
2343:(Woodbridge, 2019)
2325:, and the sons of
2015:on 6 February 2011
1835:Elizabethan Ulster
1820:Tyrone's Rebellion
1294:
1286:
1258:Florence MacCarthy
1150:Munster Plantation
1142:Florence MacCarthy
1113:
1072:Philip II of Spain
1014:Hugh Roe O'Donnell
922:(territory of the
879:Philip II of Spain
873:, ammunition, and
847:Hugh Roe O'Donnell
793:
694:Hugh Roe O'Donnell
682:Tyrone's Rebellion
448:Earl of Clanricard
284:Hugh Roe O'Donnell
260:Kingdom of England
6779:O'Donnell dynasty
6696:
6695:
6674:
6673:
6670:
6669:
6081:
6080:
5972:Bacon and cabbage
5924:
5923:
5920:
5919:
5791:Foreign relations
5714:
5713:
5710:
5709:
5641:Notable buildings
5535:
5534:
5531:
5530:
5078:
5077:
4774:Church of Ireland
4636:Bréifne Uà Ruairc
4272:
4271:
4207:Haplogroup R-M269
4098:
4097:
4094:
4093:
3847:Gaelic folk music
3810:Gaelic literature
3604:
3603:
3592:
3471:Arthur Chichester
3451:Battle of Kinsale
3352:
3351:
3113:Niall Oge O'Neill
3098:Niall MĂłr O'Neill
2913:Ăed Remar O'Neill
2898:Niall Roe O'Neill
2759:Early progenitors
2653:Northern UĂ NĂ©ill
2522:The Boydell Press
2471:Richard Bagwell,
1796:978-1-907795-63-3
1756:978-0-85115-562-3
1717:978-3-319-59363-0
1606:Battle of Kinsale
1588:Battle of Lifford
1515:Battle of Belleek
1416:Brian Ăg O'Rourke
1349:Battle of Kinsale
1225:Arthur Chichester
1089:Anglo-Spanish War
1050:Battle of Belleek
1034:Sir Henry Bagenal
957:in the east, and
749:Eighty Years' War
671:
670:
514:
513:
428:Arthur Chichester
343:MartĂn de Padilla
220:
219:
126:
125:
118:
100:
6811:
6799:Tudor rebellions
6734:1600s in Ireland
6729:1590s in Ireland
6687:
6686:
6685:
6364:Tuatha DĂ© Danann
5952:
5943:
5930:
5865:Northern Ireland
5843:
5833:
5823:
5733:
5720:
5554:
5541:
5417:Home Rule crisis
5247:Northern Ireland
5160:
5147:
5134:Northern Ireland
5105:
5098:
5091:
5082:
5068:
5067:
5058:
5057:
5048:
5047:
5046:
5036:
5035:
5034:
5019:
5011:
5003:
4995:
4987:
4980:
4972:
4964:
4956:
4948:
4944:Richard Cromwell
4940:
4932:
4922:
4914:
4906:
4898:
4886:
4878:
4877:(1553; disputed)
4870:
4862:
4696:
4688:
4680:
4672:
4664:
4656:
4648:
4640:
4632:
4624:
4616:
4608:
4600:
4592:
4584:
4576:
4568:
4560:
4552:
4544:
4536:
4528:
4299:
4292:
4285:
4276:
4262:
4261:
4200:Related subjects
4187:Clans of Ireland
4137:BĂČrd na GĂ idhlig
4132:Foras na Gaeilge
3996:
3980:Medical families
3956:
3927:Classical Gaelic
3852:Sean-nĂłs singing
3795:Gaelic astrology
3778:Gaelic mythology
3687:Statutes of Iona
3631:
3624:
3617:
3608:
3590:
3379:
3372:
3365:
3356:
3342:
3341:
3133:Hugh Oge O'Neill
3058:Hugh Boy O'Neill
2993:Owen Roe O'Neill
2852:Domnall ua NĂ©ill
2708:O'Neill baronets
2703:Viscount O'Neill
2622:
2615:
2608:
2599:
2535:
2519:
2490:Steven G. Ellis
2467:
2456:
2444:
2425:
2406:
2388:
2386:
2375:
2362:
2316:
2306:
2288:
2282:
2276:
2270:
2264:
2263:
2261:
2259:
2245:(October 2009).
2239:
2233:
2232:
2213:(October 2009).
2207:
2201:
2200:
2198:
2196:
2182:
2176:
2173:
2167:
2160:
2154:
2153:
2146:
2135:
2132:
2126:
2125:
2105:
2099:
2093:
2092:
2072:
2066:
2057:Carmody, James,
2055:
2049:
2045:
2039:
2038:
2032:
2024:
2022:
2020:
2014:
2008:. Archived from
2007:
1999:
1993:
1984:
1978:
1975:
1969:
1966:
1960:
1957:
1951:
1950:
1944:
1936:
1934:
1932:
1910:
1904:
1898:
1892:
1886:
1880:
1879:
1873:
1865:
1863:
1861:
1846:
1840:
1839:
1829:
1823:
1816:
1810:
1807:
1801:
1800:
1780:
1774:
1767:
1761:
1760:
1740:
1734:
1731:
1722:
1721:
1701:
1695:
1689:
1683:
1677:
1600:Siege of Donegal
1467:Treaty of London
1379:In 1602 O'Neill
1308:County Coleraine
1298:Siege of Kinsale
1241:Sir Robert Cecil
1182:Essex in Ireland
1109:County Roscommon
1065:River Blackwater
1046:Lower Lough Erne
1030:Ballymote Castle
722:siege of Kinsale
554:
550:
540:
533:
526:
517:
432:Irish loyalists:
415:
392:
382:
366:English leaders:
355:Pedro de Zubiaur
352:Alonso de Ocampo
339:Spanish leaders:
326:James Fitzthomas
321:
311:
294:
258:
256:
255:
245:
244:
234:
164:
163:
156:
132:
121:
114:
110:
107:
101:
99:
58:
34:
26:
6819:
6818:
6814:
6813:
6812:
6810:
6809:
6808:
6789:1603 in Ireland
6784:1594 in Ireland
6774:O'Neill dynasty
6724:1600s conflicts
6719:1590s conflicts
6699:
6698:
6697:
6692:
6683:
6681:
6666:
6634:outside Ireland
6605:Historic houses
6573:
6554:Irish Wolfhound
6525:Brighid's Cross
6511:
6482:Gaelic handball
6477:Gaelic football
6448:
6419:Hiberno-Normans
6388:
6301:
6249:
6204:
6185:Hiberno-English
6171:
6116:
6077:
6031:
5937:
5916:
5859:
5841:
5831:
5821:
5762:
5753:Ulster loyalism
5727:
5706:
5624:
5548:
5527:
5486:
5412:Dublin lock-out
5348:Confederate War
5299:Norman invasion
5286:Battles of Tara
5274:
5230:1801–1923
5218:1691–1800
5213:1536–1691
5201:1169–1536
5154:
5141:
5117:
5109:
5079:
5074:
5044:
5042:
5032:
5030:
5022:
5017:
5009:
5001:
4993:
4985:
4978:
4970:
4962:
4954:
4946:
4938:
4936:Oliver Cromwell
4930:
4920:
4912:
4904:
4891:
4884:
4876:
4868:
4860:
4850:
4842:
4838:United Irishmen
4705:
4699:
4694:
4686:
4678:
4670:
4662:
4654:
4646:
4638:
4630:
4622:
4614:
4606:
4598:
4590:
4582:
4574:
4566:
4558:
4550:
4542:
4534:
4526:
4516:
4510:
4453:
4447:
4393:Nine Years' War
4340:
4334:
4308:
4303:
4273:
4268:
4250:
4195:
4182:Columba Project
4120:
4114:
4090:
3994:
3947:
3943:Scottish Gaelic
3906:Primitive Irish
3891:
3822:Scottish Gaelic
3756:
3682:Nine Years' War
3645:General history
3640:
3635:
3605:
3600:
3566:
3557:Tadhg Ă CianĂĄin
3532:Nuala O'Donnell
3495:
3456:Nine Years' War
3439:
3388:
3383:
3353:
3348:
3330:
3279:
3270:Tullyhogue Fort
3253:
3234:William Johnson
3226:
3220:
3158:Charles O'Neill
3048:
3042:
2958:Matthew O'Neill
2938:Art Oge O'Neill
2933:Donnell O'Neill
2908:Donnell O'Neill
2886:
2830:
2771:EĂłgan mac NĂ©ill
2754:
2693:Kings of Ulster
2673:Kings of Ailech
2631:
2629:O'Neill dynasty
2626:
2543:Pacata Hibernia
2532:
2508:
2494:(London, 1985)
2465:
2448:
2442:
2429:
2423:
2410:
2404:
2391:
2384:
2373:
2365:
2359:
2346:
2336:
2310:
2300:
2297:
2292:
2291:
2283:
2279:
2271:
2267:
2257:
2255:
2243:O'Byrne, Emmett
2241:
2240:
2236:
2209:
2208:
2204:
2194:
2192:
2184:
2183:
2179:
2174:
2170:
2162:S.J. Connolly,
2161:
2157:
2148:
2147:
2138:
2133:
2129:
2107:
2106:
2102:
2096:
2074:
2073:
2069:
2056:
2052:
2046:
2042:
2025:
2018:
2016:
2012:
2005:
2003:"Archived copy"
2001:
2000:
1996:
1985:
1981:
1976:
1972:
1967:
1963:
1958:
1954:
1937:
1930:
1928:
1920:History Ireland
1912:
1911:
1907:
1899:
1895:
1887:
1883:
1866:
1859:
1857:
1848:
1847:
1843:
1831:
1830:
1826:
1817:
1813:
1808:
1804:
1797:
1782:
1781:
1777:
1768:
1764:
1757:
1742:
1741:
1737:
1732:
1725:
1718:
1703:
1702:
1698:
1690:
1686:
1678:
1674:
1669:
1664:
1645:Nine Years' War
1626:
1612:Siege of Dunboy
1542:Siege of Galway
1510:
1508:List of battles
1483:Cahir O'Doherty
1436:
1377:
1357:siege of Dunboy
1300:
1278:
1270:Tower of London
1253:
1184:
1178:
1160:inhabitants of
1138:Earl of Desmond
1097:
1080:Archduke Albert
1052:on 10 October.
999:
891:
808:Baron Dungannon
785:
757:
745:Elizabethan era
712:(1595) and the
678:Nine Years' War
674:
673:
672:
667:
658:
579:Blackwater Fort
555:
552:
549:Nine Years' War
548:
546:
544:
489:
450:
446:
444:Cahir O'Doherty
442:
438:
434:
430:
426:
422:
418:
407:
403:
399:
397:William Russell
395:
384:
378:
372:
368:
357:
353:
351:
349:
347:Juan del Ăguila
345:
341:
337:
336:
332:
328:
324:
315:Richard Tyrrell
313:
307:
301:
297:
286:
282:
278:
253:
251:
239:
238:
212:
206:rule in ireland
201:
196:
191:
190:English victory
182:
157:
135:Nine Years' War
122:
111:
105:
102:
59:
57:
47:
35:
24:
21:Nine Years' War
17:
12:
11:
5:
6817:
6815:
6807:
6806:
6801:
6796:
6791:
6786:
6781:
6776:
6771:
6766:
6761:
6756:
6751:
6746:
6741:
6736:
6731:
6726:
6721:
6716:
6711:
6701:
6700:
6694:
6693:
6679:
6676:
6675:
6672:
6671:
6668:
6667:
6665:
6664:
6659:
6654:
6645:
6636:
6627:
6622:
6617:
6612:
6607:
6602:
6600:Heritage Sites
6597:
6592:
6587:
6581:
6579:
6575:
6574:
6572:
6571:
6566:
6561:
6556:
6551:
6550:
6549:
6539:
6534:
6527:
6521:
6519:
6513:
6512:
6510:
6509:
6504:
6499:
6494:
6489:
6484:
6479:
6474:
6469:
6464:
6458:
6456:
6450:
6449:
6447:
6446:
6441:
6436:
6431:
6426:
6424:Irish diaspora
6421:
6416:
6415:
6414:
6412:Gaelic Ireland
6404:
6398:
6396:
6390:
6389:
6387:
6386:
6381:
6374:
6367:
6360:
6353:
6346:
6339:
6338:
6337:
6332:
6327:
6322:
6311:
6309:
6303:
6302:
6300:
6299:
6294:
6289:
6284:
6283:
6282:
6272:
6265:
6259:
6257:
6251:
6250:
6248:
6247:
6242:
6237:
6232:
6225:
6220:
6214:
6212:
6206:
6205:
6203:
6202:
6197:
6192:
6187:
6181:
6179:
6173:
6172:
6170:
6169:
6164:
6155:
6153:Rose of Tralee
6150:
6145:
6140:
6135:
6130:
6124:
6122:
6118:
6117:
6115:
6114:
6109:
6104:
6097:
6091:
6089:
6083:
6082:
6079:
6078:
6076:
6075:
6070:
6065:
6060:
6055:
6050:
6045:
6039:
6037:
6033:
6032:
6030:
6029:
6024:
6019:
6014:
6009:
6004:
5999:
5994:
5989:
5984:
5979:
5974:
5969:
5964:
5962:List of dishes
5958:
5956:
5949:
5939:
5938:
5933:
5926:
5925:
5922:
5921:
5918:
5917:
5915:
5914:
5909:
5904:
5903:
5902:
5892:
5887:
5882:
5881:
5880:
5878:D'Hondt method
5869:
5867:
5861:
5860:
5858:
5857:
5852:
5851:
5850:
5845:
5839:Seanad Ăireann
5835:
5815:
5810:
5805:
5804:
5803:
5793:
5788:
5783:
5778:
5772:
5770:
5764:
5763:
5761:
5760:
5755:
5750:
5745:
5739:
5737:
5729:
5728:
5723:
5716:
5715:
5712:
5711:
5708:
5707:
5705:
5704:
5699:
5694:
5689:
5684:
5679:
5674:
5669:
5660:
5655:
5650:
5649:
5648:
5643:
5632:
5630:
5626:
5625:
5623:
5622:
5613:
5612:
5611:
5601:
5596:
5591:
5586:
5581:
5579:Extreme points
5576:
5571:
5569:Climate change
5566:
5560:
5558:
5550:
5549:
5544:
5537:
5536:
5533:
5532:
5529:
5528:
5526:
5525:
5520:
5515:
5510:
5505:
5500:
5494:
5492:
5488:
5487:
5485:
5484:
5479:
5474:
5469:
5464:
5459:
5454:
5449:
5444:
5439:
5434:
5429:
5424:
5419:
5414:
5409:
5404:
5399:
5394:
5389:
5387:1803 Rebellion
5384:
5379:
5377:1798 Rebellion
5374:
5369:
5364:
5362:Williamite War
5359:
5350:
5344:1641 Rebellion
5341:
5336:
5331:
5326:
5324:Spanish Armada
5321:
5316:
5314:Tudor conquest
5311:
5306:
5304:Bruce campaign
5301:
5296:
5282:
5280:
5276:
5275:
5273:
5272:
5267:
5262:
5261:
5260:
5250:
5249:(1921âpresent)
5244:
5239:
5237:Irish Republic
5234:
5233:
5232:
5222:
5221:
5220:
5215:
5205:
5204:
5203:
5198:
5196:800–1169
5187:Gaelic Ireland
5184:
5179:
5174:
5168:
5166:
5156:
5155:
5150:
5143:
5142:
5140:
5139:
5131:
5122:
5119:
5118:
5110:
5108:
5107:
5100:
5093:
5085:
5076:
5075:
5073:
5072:
5062:
5052:
5040:
5027:
5024:
5023:
5021:
5020:
5012:
5004:
4996:
4988:
4973:
4965:
4957:
4949:
4941:
4933:
4923:
4915:
4907:
4899:
4879:
4874:Lady Jane Grey
4871:
4863:
4854:
4852:
4844:
4843:
4841:
4840:
4835:
4830:
4825:
4820:
4818:Irish Patriots
4815:
4810:
4805:
4800:
4795:
4790:
4785:
4771:
4766:
4761:
4756:
4734:
4729:
4715:
4709:
4707:
4701:
4700:
4698:
4697:
4689:
4681:
4673:
4665:
4657:
4649:
4641:
4633:
4625:
4617:
4609:
4601:
4593:
4585:
4577:
4569:
4561:
4553:
4545:
4537:
4529:
4520:
4518:
4512:
4511:
4509:
4508:
4503:
4498:
4493:
4488:
4483:
4478:
4473:
4468:
4463:
4457:
4455:
4449:
4448:
4446:
4445:
4443:United Kingdom
4440:
4435:
4425:
4415:
4410:
4405:
4400:
4390:
4380:
4375:
4370:
4365:
4360:
4355:
4353:British Empire
4350:
4344:
4342:
4336:
4335:
4333:
4332:
4327:
4322:
4316:
4314:
4310:
4309:
4304:
4302:
4301:
4294:
4287:
4279:
4270:
4269:
4267:
4266:
4255:
4252:
4251:
4249:
4248:
4243:
4238:
4233:
4219:
4214:
4211:human genetics
4203:
4201:
4197:
4196:
4194:
4189:
4184:
4179:
4174:
4169:
4164:
4159:
4154:
4149:
4144:
4142:Culture Vannin
4139:
4134:
4129:
4124:
4122:
4116:
4115:
4113:
4112:
4111:
4110:
4099:
4096:
4095:
4092:
4091:
4089:
4088:
4083:
4065:
4060:
4042:
4037:
4027:
4004:
4002:
3993:
3992:
3987:
3982:
3977:
3976:
3975:
3968:Royal families
3964:
3962:
3953:
3949:
3948:
3946:
3945:
3940:
3935:
3930:
3923:
3916:
3909:
3901:
3899:
3893:
3892:
3890:
3889:
3884:
3879:
3874:
3872:Highland games
3869:
3864:
3859:
3854:
3849:
3844:
3839:
3837:Insular script
3834:
3829:
3807:
3802:
3800:Gaelic kinship
3797:
3792:
3790:Gaelic warfare
3787:
3780:
3775:
3770:
3764:
3762:
3761:Gaelic culture
3758:
3757:
3755:
3754:
3749:
3744:
3742:Gaelic Revival
3739:
3734:
3732:Irish diaspora
3729:
3724:
3719:
3714:
3709:
3704:
3702:1641 Rebellion
3699:
3694:
3689:
3684:
3679:
3674:
3669:
3667:Irish kingdoms
3664:
3659:
3654:
3652:Gaelic Ireland
3648:
3646:
3642:
3641:
3636:
3634:
3633:
3626:
3619:
3611:
3602:
3601:
3599:
3598:
3593:
3585:
3580:
3574:
3572:
3568:
3567:
3565:
3564:
3559:
3554:
3552:Donagh OâBrien
3549:
3544:
3542:Rosa O'Doherty
3539:
3534:
3529:
3527:Hugh O'Donnell
3524:
3519:
3514:
3509:
3503:
3501:
3497:
3496:
3494:
3493:
3488:
3483:
3478:
3473:
3468:
3463:
3458:
3453:
3447:
3445:
3441:
3440:
3438:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3417:
3412:
3407:
3402:
3396:
3394:
3390:
3389:
3384:
3382:
3381:
3374:
3367:
3359:
3350:
3349:
3347:
3346:
3335:
3332:
3331:
3329:
3328:
3323:
3318:
3313:
3308:
3303:
3298:
3293:
3287:
3285:
3281:
3280:
3278:
3277:
3272:
3267:
3261:
3259:
3255:
3254:
3252:
3251:
3249:Arturo O'Neill
3246:
3241:
3236:
3230:
3228:
3222:
3221:
3219:
3218:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3183:Carlos O'Neill
3180:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3143:Daniel O'Neill
3140:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3054:
3052:
3044:
3043:
3041:
3040:
3038:Arthur O'Neill
3035:
3030:
3028:Gordon O'Neill
3025:
3020:
3015:
3010:
3005:
3000:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2900:
2894:
2892:
2888:
2887:
2885:
2884:
2879:
2874:
2869:
2864:
2859:
2854:
2849:
2844:
2838:
2836:
2832:
2831:
2829:
2828:
2823:
2818:
2813:
2811:Niall Frossach
2808:
2803:
2798:
2793:
2788:
2783:
2778:
2773:
2768:
2762:
2760:
2756:
2755:
2753:
2752:
2747:
2742:
2737:
2732:
2727:
2722:
2717:
2710:
2705:
2700:
2698:Earl of Tyrone
2695:
2690:
2685:
2675:
2670:
2665:
2655:
2650:
2645:
2639:
2637:
2633:
2632:
2627:
2625:
2624:
2617:
2610:
2602:
2596:
2595:
2592:
2589:
2586:
2583:
2580:
2577:
2570:
2569:
2566:
2549:
2546:
2539:
2536:
2530:
2506:
2503:
2488:
2482:
2476:
2469:
2463:
2446:
2440:
2427:
2421:
2408:
2402:
2389:
2363:
2357:
2344:
2339:Ruth Canning,
2335:
2332:
2331:
2330:
2308:
2296:
2293:
2290:
2289:
2277:
2265:
2234:
2202:
2177:
2168:
2155:
2136:
2127:
2100:
2094:
2067:
2050:
2040:
1994:
1979:
1970:
1961:
1952:
1905:
1893:
1881:
1841:
1824:
1818:Hiram Morgan,
1811:
1802:
1795:
1775:
1762:
1755:
1735:
1723:
1716:
1696:
1684:
1671:
1670:
1668:
1665:
1663:
1660:
1659:
1658:
1652:
1647:
1642:
1637:
1632:
1630:Grace O'Malley
1625:
1622:
1621:
1620:
1614:
1608:
1602:
1596:
1590:
1584:
1578:
1572:
1566:
1560:
1554:
1548:
1545:
1538:
1535:
1529:
1523:
1517:
1509:
1506:
1471:Stuart dynasty
1435:
1432:
1428:Henry Folliott
1424:Tadhg O'Rourke
1393:Rory O'Donnell
1376:
1375:End of the War
1373:
1296:Main article:
1277:
1274:
1252:
1249:
1180:Main article:
1177:
1174:
1154:Edmund Spenser
1096:
1093:
1022:County Donegal
1018:Captain Willis
998:
997:War breaks out
995:
890:
887:
816:Earl of Tyrone
784:
781:
756:
753:
734:Gaelic Ireland
720:allies in the
669:
668:
663:
660:
659:
657:
656:
651:
646:
641:
636:
631:
626:
621:
616:
611:
606:
601:
596:
591:
586:
581:
576:
571:
566:
560:
557:
556:
545:
543:
542:
535:
528:
520:
512:
511:
505:
504:
501:
497:
496:
492:
491:
486:
485:
484:
481:
475:
462:
461:
457:
456:
440:Donogh O'Brien
409:Thomas Norreys
363:
350:Diego Brochero
299:Brian O'Rourke
272:
271:
267:
266:
249:
236:Irish alliance
227:
226:
222:
221:
218:
217:
214:
208:
207:
188:
184:
183:
178:
176:
172:
171:
168:
160:
159:
149:
148:
137:
136:
130:
129:
124:
123:
38:
36:
29:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6816:
6805:
6802:
6800:
6797:
6795:
6792:
6790:
6787:
6785:
6782:
6780:
6777:
6775:
6772:
6770:
6767:
6765:
6762:
6760:
6757:
6755:
6752:
6750:
6747:
6745:
6742:
6740:
6737:
6735:
6732:
6730:
6727:
6725:
6722:
6720:
6717:
6715:
6712:
6710:
6707:
6706:
6704:
6691:
6690:
6677:
6663:
6660:
6658:
6657:Public houses
6655:
6653:
6649:
6646:
6644:
6640:
6637:
6635:
6631:
6628:
6626:
6623:
6621:
6618:
6616:
6613:
6611:
6608:
6606:
6603:
6601:
6598:
6596:
6593:
6591:
6588:
6586:
6583:
6582:
6580:
6576:
6570:
6567:
6565:
6562:
6560:
6557:
6555:
6552:
6548:
6545:
6544:
6543:
6540:
6538:
6535:
6533:
6532:
6528:
6526:
6523:
6522:
6520:
6518:
6514:
6508:
6505:
6503:
6500:
6498:
6495:
6493:
6490:
6488:
6485:
6483:
6480:
6478:
6475:
6473:
6470:
6468:
6465:
6463:
6460:
6459:
6457:
6455:
6451:
6445:
6442:
6440:
6437:
6435:
6432:
6430:
6427:
6425:
6422:
6420:
6417:
6413:
6410:
6409:
6408:
6405:
6403:
6400:
6399:
6397:
6395:
6391:
6385:
6382:
6380:
6379:
6375:
6373:
6372:
6368:
6366:
6365:
6361:
6359:
6358:
6354:
6352:
6351:
6347:
6345:
6344:
6340:
6336:
6333:
6331:
6328:
6326:
6323:
6321:
6318:
6317:
6316:
6313:
6312:
6310:
6308:
6304:
6298:
6295:
6293:
6290:
6288:
6285:
6281:
6278:
6277:
6276:
6273:
6271:
6270:
6266:
6264:
6261:
6260:
6258:
6256:
6252:
6246:
6243:
6241:
6238:
6236:
6233:
6231:
6230:
6226:
6224:
6221:
6219:
6216:
6215:
6213:
6211:
6207:
6201:
6198:
6196:
6193:
6191:
6188:
6186:
6183:
6182:
6180:
6178:
6174:
6168:
6165:
6163:
6159:
6156:
6154:
6151:
6149:
6146:
6144:
6141:
6139:
6136:
6134:
6131:
6129:
6126:
6125:
6123:
6119:
6113:
6110:
6108:
6105:
6103:
6102:
6098:
6096:
6093:
6092:
6090:
6088:
6084:
6074:
6071:
6069:
6066:
6064:
6061:
6059:
6056:
6054:
6051:
6049:
6046:
6044:
6041:
6040:
6038:
6034:
6028:
6025:
6023:
6020:
6018:
6015:
6013:
6010:
6008:
6005:
6003:
6000:
5998:
5995:
5993:
5990:
5988:
5985:
5983:
5980:
5978:
5975:
5973:
5970:
5968:
5965:
5963:
5960:
5959:
5957:
5953:
5950:
5948:
5944:
5940:
5936:
5931:
5927:
5913:
5912:Peace process
5910:
5908:
5905:
5901:
5898:
5897:
5896:
5893:
5891:
5888:
5886:
5883:
5879:
5876:
5875:
5874:
5871:
5870:
5868:
5866:
5862:
5856:
5853:
5849:
5846:
5844:
5842:(upper house)
5840:
5836:
5834:
5832:(lower house)
5830:
5826:
5825:
5824:
5820:
5816:
5814:
5811:
5809:
5806:
5802:
5799:
5798:
5797:
5794:
5792:
5789:
5787:
5784:
5782:
5779:
5777:
5774:
5773:
5771:
5769:
5765:
5759:
5756:
5754:
5751:
5749:
5748:Republicanism
5746:
5744:
5741:
5740:
5738:
5734:
5730:
5726:
5721:
5717:
5703:
5700:
5698:
5695:
5693:
5690:
5688:
5685:
5683:
5680:
5678:
5675:
5673:
5670:
5668:
5664:
5661:
5659:
5656:
5654:
5651:
5647:
5644:
5642:
5639:
5638:
5637:
5634:
5633:
5631:
5627:
5621:
5617:
5614:
5610:
5607:
5606:
5605:
5602:
5600:
5597:
5595:
5592:
5590:
5587:
5585:
5582:
5580:
5577:
5575:
5572:
5570:
5567:
5565:
5562:
5561:
5559:
5555:
5551:
5547:
5542:
5538:
5524:
5521:
5519:
5516:
5514:
5511:
5509:
5506:
5504:
5501:
5499:
5496:
5495:
5493:
5489:
5483:
5480:
5478:
5475:
5473:
5470:
5468:
5465:
5463:
5462:Peace process
5460:
5458:
5455:
5453:
5450:
5448:
5445:
5443:
5442:The Emergency
5440:
5438:
5435:
5433:
5430:
5428:
5425:
5423:
5422:Easter Rising
5420:
5418:
5415:
5413:
5410:
5408:
5407:Fenian Rising
5405:
5403:
5400:
5398:
5395:
5393:
5390:
5388:
5385:
5383:
5380:
5378:
5375:
5373:
5370:
5368:
5365:
5363:
5360:
5358:
5354:
5351:
5349:
5345:
5342:
5340:
5337:
5335:
5332:
5330:
5327:
5325:
5322:
5320:
5317:
5315:
5312:
5310:
5307:
5305:
5302:
5300:
5297:
5295:
5291:
5287:
5284:
5283:
5281:
5277:
5271:
5268:
5266:
5263:
5259:
5256:
5255:
5254:
5251:
5248:
5245:
5243:
5240:
5238:
5235:
5231:
5228:
5227:
5226:
5223:
5219:
5216:
5214:
5211:
5210:
5209:
5206:
5202:
5199:
5197:
5194:
5193:
5192:
5188:
5185:
5183:
5182:Early history
5180:
5178:
5175:
5173:
5170:
5169:
5167:
5165:
5161:
5157:
5153:
5148:
5144:
5138:
5135:
5132:
5130:
5127:
5124:
5123:
5120:
5116:
5113:
5106:
5101:
5099:
5094:
5092:
5087:
5086:
5083:
5071:
5063:
5061:
5053:
5051:
5041:
5039:
5029:
5028:
5025:
5016:
5013:
5008:
5005:
5000:
4997:
4992:
4989:
4984:
4977:
4974:
4969:
4966:
4961:
4958:
4953:
4950:
4945:
4942:
4937:
4934:
4929:
4928:
4924:
4919:
4916:
4911:
4908:
4903:
4900:
4896:
4895:
4890:
4883:
4880:
4875:
4872:
4867:
4864:
4859:
4856:
4855:
4853:
4849:
4845:
4839:
4836:
4834:
4831:
4829:
4826:
4824:
4821:
4819:
4816:
4814:
4811:
4809:
4806:
4804:
4801:
4799:
4796:
4794:
4791:
4789:
4786:
4783:
4779:
4775:
4772:
4770:
4767:
4765:
4762:
4760:
4757:
4754:
4750:
4746:
4742:
4738:
4735:
4733:
4730:
4727:
4723:
4719:
4716:
4714:
4711:
4710:
4708:
4702:
4693:
4690:
4685:
4682:
4677:
4674:
4669:
4666:
4661:
4658:
4653:
4650:
4645:
4642:
4637:
4634:
4629:
4626:
4621:
4618:
4613:
4610:
4605:
4602:
4597:
4594:
4589:
4586:
4581:
4578:
4573:
4570:
4565:
4562:
4557:
4554:
4549:
4546:
4541:
4538:
4533:
4530:
4525:
4524:Tuadhmhumhain
4522:
4521:
4519:
4513:
4507:
4504:
4502:
4499:
4497:
4494:
4492:
4489:
4487:
4484:
4482:
4479:
4477:
4474:
4472:
4469:
4467:
4464:
4462:
4461:Poynings' Law
4459:
4458:
4456:
4450:
4444:
4441:
4439:
4436:
4433:
4429:
4426:
4423:
4419:
4416:
4414:
4411:
4409:
4406:
4404:
4401:
4398:
4394:
4391:
4388:
4384:
4381:
4379:
4376:
4374:
4371:
4369:
4366:
4364:
4361:
4359:
4356:
4354:
4351:
4349:
4346:
4345:
4343:
4337:
4331:
4328:
4326:
4323:
4321:
4318:
4317:
4315:
4311:
4307:
4300:
4295:
4293:
4288:
4286:
4281:
4280:
4277:
4265:
4257:
4256:
4253:
4247:
4246:Gaelicisation
4244:
4242:
4239:
4237:
4234:
4231:
4227:
4223:
4220:
4218:
4215:
4212:
4208:
4205:
4204:
4202:
4198:
4193:
4190:
4188:
4185:
4183:
4180:
4178:
4175:
4173:
4170:
4168:
4165:
4163:
4160:
4158:
4155:
4153:
4150:
4148:
4145:
4143:
4140:
4138:
4135:
4133:
4130:
4128:
4125:
4123:
4121:organisations
4117:
4109:
4106:
4105:
4104:
4101:
4100:
4087:
4084:
4081:
4077:
4073:
4069:
4066:
4064:
4061:
4058:
4054:
4050:
4046:
4043:
4041:
4038:
4035:
4031:
4028:
4025:
4021:
4017:
4013:
4009:
4006:
4005:
4003:
4001:
3997:
3991:
3988:
3986:
3983:
3981:
3978:
3974:
3971:
3970:
3969:
3966:
3965:
3963:
3961:
3957:
3954:
3950:
3944:
3941:
3939:
3936:
3934:
3931:
3929:
3928:
3924:
3922:
3921:
3917:
3915:
3914:
3910:
3908:
3907:
3903:
3902:
3900:
3898:
3894:
3888:
3885:
3883:
3880:
3878:
3875:
3873:
3870:
3868:
3865:
3863:
3860:
3858:
3855:
3853:
3850:
3848:
3845:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3835:
3833:
3830:
3827:
3823:
3819:
3815:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3805:Bardic poetry
3803:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3791:
3788:
3786:
3785:
3781:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3769:
3766:
3765:
3763:
3759:
3753:
3752:GĂ idhealtachd
3750:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3735:
3733:
3730:
3728:
3725:
3723:
3720:
3718:
3715:
3713:
3710:
3708:
3705:
3703:
3700:
3698:
3695:
3693:
3690:
3688:
3685:
3683:
3680:
3678:
3675:
3673:
3670:
3668:
3665:
3663:
3660:
3658:
3655:
3653:
3650:
3649:
3647:
3643:
3639:
3632:
3627:
3625:
3620:
3618:
3613:
3612:
3609:
3597:
3594:
3589:
3586:
3584:
3581:
3579:
3576:
3575:
3573:
3569:
3563:
3560:
3558:
3555:
3553:
3550:
3548:
3545:
3543:
3540:
3538:
3535:
3533:
3530:
3528:
3525:
3523:
3522:Shane O'Neill
3520:
3518:
3515:
3513:
3510:
3508:
3505:
3504:
3502:
3498:
3492:
3489:
3487:
3484:
3482:
3479:
3477:
3474:
3472:
3469:
3467:
3464:
3462:
3459:
3457:
3454:
3452:
3449:
3448:
3446:
3442:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3413:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3397:
3395:
3391:
3387:
3380:
3375:
3373:
3368:
3366:
3361:
3360:
3357:
3345:
3337:
3336:
3333:
3327:
3324:
3322:
3319:
3317:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3307:
3304:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3294:
3292:
3289:
3288:
3286:
3282:
3276:
3273:
3271:
3268:
3266:
3265:County Tyrone
3263:
3262:
3260:
3256:
3250:
3247:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3237:
3235:
3232:
3231:
3229:
3223:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3168:Felix O'Neill
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3068:Henry O'Neill
3066:
3064:
3063:Brian O'Neill
3061:
3059:
3056:
3055:
3053:
3051:
3045:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2978:Shane O'Neill
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2963:Brian O'Neill
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2953:Shane O'Neill
2951:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2903:Brian O'Neill
2901:
2899:
2896:
2895:
2893:
2889:
2883:
2880:
2878:
2875:
2873:
2870:
2868:
2865:
2863:
2860:
2858:
2855:
2853:
2850:
2848:
2845:
2843:
2842:Niall GlĂșndub
2840:
2839:
2837:
2833:
2827:
2826:Ăed Findliath
2824:
2822:
2819:
2817:
2814:
2812:
2809:
2807:
2804:
2802:
2799:
2797:
2794:
2792:
2791:Ăed Uaridnach
2789:
2787:
2784:
2782:
2779:
2777:
2774:
2772:
2769:
2767:
2764:
2763:
2761:
2757:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2715:
2711:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2683:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2663:
2659:
2658:Cenél nEógain
2656:
2654:
2651:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2641:
2640:
2638:
2634:
2630:
2623:
2618:
2616:
2611:
2609:
2604:
2603:
2600:
2593:
2590:
2587:
2584:
2581:
2578:
2575:
2574:
2573:
2567:
2564:
2563:0-09-477220-7
2560:
2556:
2553:
2550:
2547:
2544:
2540:
2537:
2533:
2531:0-86193-224-2
2527:
2523:
2518:
2517:
2511:
2510:Morgan, Hiram
2507:
2504:
2501:
2500:0-582-49341-2
2497:
2493:
2492:Tudor Ireland
2489:
2486:
2483:
2480:
2477:
2474:
2470:
2466:
2464:0-19-820091-9
2460:
2455:
2454:
2447:
2443:
2441:0-85527-034-9
2437:
2433:
2428:
2424:
2422:0-86281-212-7
2418:
2414:
2413:Irish Battles
2409:
2405:
2403:0-312-12462-7
2399:
2395:
2390:
2383:
2379:
2372:
2368:
2367:Morgan, Hiram
2364:
2360:
2358:9781846827549
2354:
2350:
2345:
2342:
2338:
2337:
2333:
2328:
2324:
2320:
2315:
2314:
2309:
2305:
2304:
2299:
2298:
2294:
2286:
2281:
2278:
2274:
2269:
2266:
2254:
2253:
2248:
2244:
2238:
2235:
2230:
2226:
2222:
2221:
2216:
2212:
2211:Morgan, Hiram
2206:
2203:
2191:
2187:
2181:
2178:
2172:
2169:
2165:
2159:
2156:
2151:
2145:
2143:
2141:
2137:
2131:
2128:
2123:
2119:
2116:(85): 1â23 .
2115:
2111:
2104:
2101:
2098:
2095:
2090:
2086:
2083:(85): 1â23 .
2082:
2078:
2071:
2068:
2064:
2060:
2054:
2051:
2044:
2041:
2036:
2030:
2011:
2004:
1998:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1983:
1980:
1974:
1971:
1965:
1962:
1956:
1953:
1948:
1942:
1926:
1922:
1921:
1916:
1909:
1906:
1903:, p. 21.
1902:
1897:
1894:
1890:
1885:
1882:
1877:
1871:
1856:
1852:
1845:
1842:
1837:
1836:
1828:
1825:
1821:
1815:
1812:
1806:
1803:
1798:
1792:
1788:
1787:
1779:
1776:
1772:
1766:
1763:
1758:
1752:
1748:
1747:
1739:
1736:
1730:
1728:
1724:
1719:
1713:
1709:
1708:
1700:
1697:
1694:, p. 16.
1693:
1688:
1685:
1681:
1676:
1673:
1666:
1661:
1656:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1646:
1643:
1641:
1638:
1636:
1633:
1631:
1628:
1627:
1623:
1619:
1615:
1613:
1609:
1607:
1603:
1601:
1597:
1595:
1591:
1589:
1585:
1583:
1579:
1577:
1573:
1571:
1567:
1565:
1561:
1559:
1555:
1553:
1549:
1546:
1543:
1539:
1536:
1534:
1530:
1528:
1524:
1522:
1518:
1516:
1512:
1511:
1507:
1505:
1503:
1498:
1496:
1492:
1488:
1484:
1480:
1477:fleet in the
1476:
1472:
1468:
1463:
1461:
1455:
1451:
1449:
1445:
1441:
1433:
1431:
1429:
1425:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1408:
1406:
1402:
1398:
1394:
1390:
1386:
1382:
1374:
1372:
1369:
1364:
1362:
1358:
1352:
1350:
1345:
1343:
1339:
1334:
1332:
1328:
1323:
1319:
1317:
1313:
1309:
1305:
1299:
1290:
1282:
1275:
1273:
1271:
1265:
1261:
1259:
1250:
1248:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1235:, and of the
1234:
1228:
1226:
1222:
1218:
1217:Lord Mountjoy
1214:
1208:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1189:
1183:
1173:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1157:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1146:MacCarthy MĂłr
1143:
1139:
1133:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1118:
1117:Dublin Castle
1110:
1106:
1101:
1094:
1092:
1090:
1086:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1068:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1053:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1010:
1008:
1004:
996:
994:
992:
991:County Antrim
988:
984:
980:
976:
975:Belfast Lough
972:
971:Carrickfergus
967:
964:
960:
956:
952:
947:
945:
941:
937:
933:
929:
925:
921:
917:
913:
908:
905:
901:
897:
896:Henry Bagenal
888:
886:
884:
880:
876:
872:
868:
864:
860:
856:
852:
848:
843:
841:
837:
833:
829:
825:
824:Shane O'Neill
821:
820:English Crown
817:
813:
809:
805:
801:
797:
789:
780:
778:
777:Protestantism
774:
770:
766:
762:
754:
752:
750:
746:
741:
739:
735:
731:
727:
723:
719:
715:
711:
707:
703:
699:
695:
691:
687:
683:
679:
666:
661:
655:
652:
650:
647:
645:
642:
640:
637:
635:
632:
630:
627:
625:
622:
620:
617:
615:
612:
610:
607:
605:
604:Deputy's Pass
602:
600:
597:
595:
594:Carrickfergus
592:
590:
587:
585:
582:
580:
577:
575:
572:
570:
567:
565:
562:
561:
558:
551:
541:
536:
534:
529:
527:
522:
521:
518:
510:
506:
502:
499:
498:
493:
487:
482:
480:
476:
473:
469:
468:
467:
464:
463:
458:
455:
454:
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
429:
425:
421:
416:
410:
406:
402:
398:
393:
387:
383:
381:
375:
374:Henry Bagenal
371:
367:
364:
362:
361:
356:
348:
344:
340:
335:
331:
327:
322:
316:
312:
310:
304:
300:
295:
289:
285:
281:
277:
274:
273:
268:
265:
261:
250:
248:
243:
237:
233:
229:
228:
223:
215:
210:
209:
205:
199:
194:
189:
186:
185:
181:
177:
174:
173:
169:
166:
165:
161:
155:
150:
147:
143:
138:
133:
128:
120:
117:
109:
106:November 2021
98:
95:
91:
88:
84:
81:
77:
74:
70:
67: â
66:
62:
61:Find sources:
55:
51:
45:
44:
39:This article
37:
33:
28:
27:
22:
6680:
6650: /
6641: /
6632: /
6610:Homelessness
6529:
6497:Road bowling
6492:Martial arts
6439:Ulster Scots
6376:
6369:
6362:
6355:
6348:
6341:
6320:Mythological
6267:
6227:
6200:Ulster Scots
6160: /
6099:
6027:Three-in-One
5838:
5829:DĂĄil Ăireann
5828:
5818:
5776:Constitution
5665: /
5636:Architecture
5618: /
5491:Other topics
5472:Celtic Tiger
5457:The Troubles
5355: /
5346: /
5328:
5292: /
5288: /
5189: /
5177:Protohistory
4952:Commonwealth
4951:
4927:Commonwealth
4925:
4892:
4833:Orange Order
4753:Common Pleas
4741:King's Bench
4652:TĂr Chonaill
4612:Deasmhumhain
4596:Iar Connacht
4392:
4230:Clan MacLeod
4172:ULTACH Trust
4053:Corcu LoĂgde
3925:
3920:Middle Irish
3918:
3911:
3904:
3867:Gaelic games
3818:Modern Irish
3782:
3727:Great Hunger
3681:
3583:Conn O'Neill
3455:
3239:John Johnson
3178:JoĂŁo O'Neill
3173:Conn Ă NĂ©ill
3153:John O'Neill
3148:Rose O'Neill
3138:Neil O'Neill
3103:Hugh O'Neill
3093:Conn O'Neill
2973:Conn O'Neill
2968:Hugh O'Neill
2943:Conn O'Neill
2821:Niall Caille
2816:Ăed Oirdnide
2712:
2571:
2554:
2542:
2515:
2491:
2484:
2478:
2472:
2452:
2431:
2412:
2393:
2377:
2348:
2340:
2311:
2301:
2285:O'Neill 2017
2280:
2268:
2256:. Retrieved
2250:
2237:
2218:
2205:
2193:. Retrieved
2189:
2180:
2171:
2163:
2158:
2130:
2113:
2109:
2103:
2097:
2080:
2076:
2070:
2062:
2053:
2043:
2017:. Retrieved
2010:the original
1997:
1988:
1982:
1973:
1964:
1955:
1941:cite journal
1929:. Retrieved
1924:
1918:
1908:
1901:O'Neill 2017
1896:
1884:
1858:. Retrieved
1854:
1844:
1834:
1827:
1819:
1814:
1805:
1785:
1778:
1770:
1765:
1745:
1738:
1710:. Springer.
1706:
1699:
1692:O'Neill 2017
1687:
1675:
1655:Tudor period
1499:
1464:
1456:
1452:
1437:
1412:West Breifne
1409:
1378:
1365:
1361:George Carew
1353:
1346:
1335:
1324:
1320:
1312:Henry Docwra
1301:
1266:
1262:
1256:a pact with
1254:
1229:
1221:George Carew
1209:
1185:
1170:Castle Maine
1158:
1134:
1114:
1069:
1054:
1011:
1003:Hugh Maguire
1000:
968:
948:
928:East Breifne
909:
892:
862:
854:
844:
796:Hugh O'Neill
794:
779:in Ireland.
758:
742:
686:Hugh O'Neill
681:
677:
675:
665:Participants
609:Cahir Castle
569:Enniskillen
547:
508:
465:
453:full list...
452:
431:
424:Henry Docwra
420:George Carew
386:John Norreys
379:
365:
360:full list...
359:
338:
308:
288:Hugh Maguire
280:Hugh O'Neill
276:Irish lords:
275:
225:Belligerents
140:Part of the
127:
112:
103:
93:
86:
79:
72:
60:
48:Please help
43:verification
40:
6630:Place names
6507:Rugby union
6402:Anglo-Irish
6287:Instruments
6143:The Twelfth
6107:Set dancing
5907:LGBT rights
5813:LGBT rights
5743:Nationalism
5309:Black Death
5070:WikiProject
5018:(1760â1800)
5010:(1727â1760)
5002:(1714â1727)
4994:(1702â1714)
4986:(1689â1694)
4979:(1689â1702)
4976:William III
4971:(1685â1691)
4963:(1660â1685)
4955:(1659â1660)
4947:(1658â1659)
4939:(1653â1658)
4931:(1649â1653)
4921:(1625â1649)
4913:(1603â1625)
4905:(1558â1603)
4902:Elizabeth I
4897:(1554â1558)
4894:jure uxoris
4885:(1553â1558)
4869:(1547â1553)
4861:(1542â1547)
4737:Four Courts
4706:and society
4668:Fear Manach
4660:TĂr Eoghain
4564:UĂ DĂarmata
4548:Clanricarde
4363:New English
4222:NorseâGaels
4072:DĂĄl nAraidi
4057:DĂĄl Fiatach
4030:Dalcassians
4020:Clan Donald
3832:Gaelic type
3814:Early Irish
3476:John Davies
3244:Guy Johnson
3227:of the Fews
2891:O'Neill Roe
2552:Cyril Falls
2273:Lennon 1995
2190:celt.ucc.ie
1889:Morgan 2013
1680:Morgan 1993
1448:bankrupting
1405:Elizabeth I
1397:Tir Eoghain
1385:Tullaghogue
1166:Old English
1105:Curlew Pass
1057:Elizabeth I
979:Lough Neagh
883:Catholicism
800:TĂr Eoghain
639:Castlehaven
614:Curlew Pass
599:Yellow Ford
211:Territorial
6703:Categories
6531:ClĂĄirseach
6434:Travellers
6292:Rock music
6275:Folk music
6210:Literature
6012:Soda bread
5895:Government
5822:parliament
5819:Oireachtas
5796:Government
5736:Ideologies
5367:Penal Laws
5258:since 1922
5172:Prehistory
5015:George III
4960:Charles II
4858:Henry VIII
4851:and rulers
4778:Ascendancy
4676:UĂ CathĂĄin
4580:Magh Luirg
4556:UĂ Failghe
4496:Popery Act
4491:Penal Laws
4454:Parliament
4432:Wild Geese
4422:Barbadosed
4341:and events
4040:EĂłganachta
4016:Clan Colla
3773:Brehon law
3722:Penal Laws
3712:Jacobitism
3591:(pregnant)
3400:Rathmullan
3291:McLaughlin
3050:Clandeboye
2872:Aodh MĂ©ith
2688:Clandeboye
2520:. London:
2380:. Madrid.
2195:9 November
2019:6 February
1662:References
1042:River Erne
983:river Bann
924:O'Farrells
698:Tyrconnell
619:Moyry Pass
584:Clontibret
76:newspapers
6662:Squatting
6378:Fomorians
6307:Mythology
6177:Languages
6162:Halloween
6138:Bealtaine
6121:Festivals
6112:Stepdance
6017:Spice Bag
6002:Irish fry
5992:Colcannon
5967:Barmbrack
5890:Education
5848:President
5786:Education
5702:Transport
5677:Provinces
5599:Mountains
5574:Coastline
5546:Geography
5437:Civil War
5392:Tithe War
5007:George II
4918:Charles I
4866:Edward VI
4823:Defenders
4803:Jacobites
4782:Recusancy
4745:Exchequer
4692:UĂ MhĂĄine
4644:Cairbrigh
4588:AirgĂalla
4532:UĂ Echach
4517:conquests
4167:Gael Linn
4080:CĂarraige
4076:Conmaicne
4049:DĂĄl Riata
4024:UĂ MhĂĄine
4008:Connachta
3990:Genealogy
3913:Old Irish
3747:Gaeltacht
3672:DĂĄl Riata
3301:McSweeney
3275:Dungannon
2643:Connachta
2295:Footnotes
1931:16 August
1860:16 August
1667:Citations
1434:Aftermath
1205:dysentery
1186:In 1599,
1026:Fermanagh
1012:In 1592,
1007:Fermanagh
987:the Route
973:north of
944:O'Donnell
936:O'Reillys
851:Redshanks
773:Catholics
700:âagainst
654:Dungannon
553:(Ireland)
477:9,000 in
470:8,000 in
264:loyalists
6620:Monastic
6585:Calendar
6569:Shamrock
6564:Red Hand
6502:Rounders
6167:Wren Day
6101:Sean-nĂłs
6053:Guinness
5997:Drisheen
5873:Assembly
5855:Taxation
5758:Unionism
5725:Politics
5658:Counties
5402:Land War
5294:Clontarf
5290:Glenmama
5164:Timeline
5060:Category
4999:George I
4968:James II
4848:Monarchs
4749:Chancery
4704:Politics
4452:Acts of
4264:Category
4226:UĂ Ămair
4103:Scottish
4012:UĂ NĂ©ill
3985:Nobility
3897:Language
3571:Remained
3405:A Coruña
3344:Category
3326:MacManus
3316:MacNamee
2662:Branches
2648:UĂ NĂ©ill
2512:(1993).
2487:(London)
2382:Archived
2319:UĂ NĂ©ill
2258:15 April
2029:cite web
1870:cite web
1624:See also
1489:when he
1310:) under
1162:the Pale
989:(modern
981:and the
963:O'Connor
920:Longford
912:Monaghan
904:sheriffs
865:) under
863:buanadha
832:the Pale
828:tanistry
765:the Pale
460:Strength
175:Location
144:and the
6590:Castles
6517:Symbols
6487:Hurling
6472:Camogie
6371:Firbolg
6357:Immrama
6350:Echtrai
6280:session
6263:Ballads
6240:Theatre
6229:Gaeilge
6223:Fiction
6158:Samhain
6073:Whiskey
5947:Cuisine
5935:Culture
5885:Economy
5781:Economy
5589:Islands
5564:Climate
5557:Natural
5152:History
5112:Ireland
4983:Mary II
4910:James I
4604:Umhaill
4339:General
4313:History
4224:(incl.
4119:Related
4070:(incl.
4047:(incl.
4032:(incl.
4010:(incl.
3444:General
3430:Ravenna
3393:Journey
3311:MacNeil
3284:Kinsmen
3225:O'Neill
3047:O'Neill
2835:O'Neill
2636:General
2334:Sources
2303:^Note 1
1616:1602 â
1610:1602 â
1604:1601 â
1598:1601 â
1592:1601 â
1586:1600 â
1580:1600 â
1574:1599 â
1568:1599 â
1562:1599 â
1556:1598 â
1550:1597 â
1540:1596 â
1531:1595 â
1525:1594 â
1519:1594 â
1513:1593 â
1440:James I
1338:Kinsale
1245:Ewtopia
1201:typhoid
1144:as the
1076:vassals
1038:O'Neill
940:O'Neill
871:muskets
867:leaders
855:uirithe
818:by the
718:Spanish
634:Kinsale
629:Donegal
624:Lifford
564:Belleek
479:Munster
411: (
388: (
380:†
317: (
309:†
290: (
213:changes
202:End of
180:Ireland
90:scholar
6595:Cinema
6394:People
6343:Aos SĂ
6330:Ulster
6325:Fenian
6315:Cycles
6245:Triads
6235:Poetry
6218:Annals
6195:Shelta
6148:LĂșnasa
6128:Imbolc
6063:PoitĂn
6043:Coffee
6036:Drinks
5987:Coddle
5653:Cities
5604:Rivers
5594:Loughs
5279:Events
5137:topics
5129:topics
5115:topics
4981:&
4889:Philip
4887:&
4882:Mary I
4813:Tories
4780:&
4695:(1611)
4687:(1607)
4679:(1607)
4671:(1607)
4663:(1607)
4655:(1607)
4647:(1606)
4639:(1605)
4631:(1603)
4628:Laigin
4623:(1602)
4615:(1596)
4607:(1593)
4599:(1589)
4591:(1585)
4583:(1585)
4575:(1574)
4567:(1574)
4559:(1550)
4551:(1544)
4543:(1543)
4540:LoĂgis
4535:(1543)
4527:(1543)
4515:Gaelic
4387:Ulster
4086:Ulster
4078:, and
4063:Laigin
4059:, etc)
4045:Ărainn
4026:, etc)
3862:Am MĂČd
3842:FĂĄinne
3824:&
3500:Exiles
3420:Colmar
3415:Leuven
3321:Conway
3306:Devlin
3296:Barron
3258:Places
2678:Tyrone
2561:
2528:
2498:
2461:
2438:
2419:
2400:
2355:
2327:Banbha
1991:, 1994
1793:
1753:
1714:
1389:Famine
1213:putsch
1130:Armagh
951:Ulster
926:) and
804:Ulster
755:Causes
690:Tyrone
649:Dursey
644:Dunboy
472:Ulster
376:
305:
257:
204:Gaelic
200:(1607)
195:(1603)
187:Result
92:
85:
78:
71:
63:
6625:Names
6578:Other
6542:Flags
6454:Sport
6407:Gaels
6335:Kings
6269:CĂ©ilĂ
6255:Music
6190:Irish
6087:Dance
6048:Cream
5982:Champ
5977:Boxty
5900:local
5801:local
5687:Towns
5672:Ports
5629:Human
5584:Fauna
4808:Whigs
4217:Celts
4068:Ulaid
4034:DĂ©isi
3973:Kings
3960:Irish
3952:Clans
3933:Irish
3877:TĂșath
3768:Ogham
3638:Gaels
3425:Milan
2682:Kings
2385:(PDF)
2374:(PDF)
2013:(PDF)
2006:(PDF)
1855:H-Net
1475:Dutch
1331:Newry
1329:near
1304:Derry
1193:Sligo
959:Sligo
955:Newry
932:Cavan
900:Newry
875:pikes
845:From
769:septs
247:Spain
97:JSTOR
83:books
6444:Yola
6058:Mist
6022:Stew
5955:Food
5609:list
4991:Anne
4769:Army
4751:and
4724:and
4228:and
4108:List
4000:List
3938:Manx
3826:Manx
3677:Alba
3435:Rome
2559:ISBN
2526:ISBN
2496:ISBN
2459:ISBN
2436:ISBN
2417:ISBN
2398:ISBN
2353:ISBN
2260:2024
2197:2018
2035:link
2021:2011
1947:link
1933:2024
1876:link
1862:2024
1791:ISBN
1751:ISBN
1712:ISBN
1368:Rory
1342:Cork
1233:earl
1223:and
1203:and
1140:and
942:and
916:sept
859:Kern
692:and
676:The
262:and
167:Date
69:news
6095:Jig
6068:Tea
5808:Law
2225:doi
2118:doi
2085:doi
1927:(2)
1359:by
1247:".
993:).
696:of
688:of
414:DOW
391:DOW
320:POW
293:DOW
52:by
6705::
4747:,
4743:,
4074:,
4055:,
4051:,
4022:,
4018:,
4014:,
3820:,
3816:,
2524:.
2376:.
2313:^2
2249:.
2223:.
2217:.
2188:.
2139:^
2114:32
2112:.
2081:32
2079:.
2061:,
2031:}}
2027:{{
1943:}}
1939:{{
1925:23
1923:.
1917:.
1872:}}
1868:{{
1853:.
1726:^
1403:.
1387:.
1363:.
1340:,
1207:.
1107:,
1091:.
1067:.
1009:.
740:.
5104:e
5097:t
5090:v
4784:)
4776:(
4755:)
4739:(
4728:)
4720:(
4434:)
4430:(
4424:)
4420:(
4399:)
4395:(
4389:)
4385:(
4298:e
4291:t
4284:v
4232:)
4213:)
4209:(
4082:)
4036:)
3828:)
3812:(
3630:e
3623:t
3616:v
3378:e
3371:t
3364:v
2684:)
2680:(
2664:)
2660:(
2621:e
2614:t
2607:v
2565:.
2534:.
2502:.
2468:.
2445:.
2426:.
2407:.
2361:.
2329:.
2262:.
2231:.
2227::
2199:.
2152:.
2124:.
2120::
2091:.
2087::
2037:)
2023:.
1949:)
1878:)
1799:.
1759:.
1720:.
1682:.
1458:"
930:(
539:e
532:t
525:v
417:)
394:)
323:)
296:)
119:)
113:(
108:)
104:(
94:·
87:·
80:·
73:·
46:.
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
