341:, representing the PKI in 1955. Njono was then inaugurated as a candidate member of the Politburo as a result of the Sixth National Congress of the PKI held on 7–14 September 1959 and officially became a member of the Politburo in February 1963. Njono also became the chairman of the PKI's Greater Jakarta Regional Committee (CDB) in September 1964. Hence, he resigned as Chairman of the National Council of SOBSI.
589:
627:
31:
563:
325:
of improving the welfare of their members. Therefore, this proposal was immediately supported by communist-affiliated organizations. The government implemented this proposal, but the cadres from labor and peasant unions only served as advisors without having any control over production management, which was far from what SOBSI had hoped for.
269:. Njono also led the Tram Workers Union in Kramat before joining the Indonesian Labor Brigade (BBI) and becoming the leader of the Jakarta branch of BBI. Njono was then elected as the interim chairman of the Indonesian Labor Party (PBI) on 26 July 1946, replacing Sjamsu Harja Udaja, who was arrested after the failed
360:
Additionally, he organized a network consisting of various posts, probably located in members' homes or party offices. These posts would be manned by PKI members at the
Section Committee (CS) level, who were instructed to remain vigilant and continuously listen to the radio during the action. Njono
324:
In
September 1960, Njono proposed the establishment of workers' councils in every state-owned enterprise with the status of advisory bodies for "all matters." This proposal emerged as an effort by SOBSI cadres to dominate the economic field and provide communist unions with a counterbalance capable
295:
on 5 October 1946 to carry out "self-correction, selection, and centralization" by changing the party's direction to a more moderate stance in order to attract broader support from various backgrounds of workers. Policy statements asserting that the party adhered to
313:
Conference in
Beijing and departed on 5 January 1950. Njono then became the chairman of SOBSI upon his return from the visit on 19 November. Furthermore, Njono was also appointed as the Vice President of the World Federation of Trade Unions (WFTU) since 1953.
797:
518:
300:
principles and addressing class conflict were removed. Based on the results of the PBI Congress in Malang on 6 April 1947, Njono was elected as vice-chairman, while
Setyadjit became the party's chairman.
349:
Njono played a role in dividing
Jakarta into six sectors, where civilian volunteers were prepared as reserves to carry out operations in each sector. Most of the volunteers came from the
265:
In the early period of independence, Njono served as a member of the
Working Body of Central Indonesian National Djakarta Raya (Greater Jakarta) and concurrently as a member of
317:
Under his leadership, SOBSI became increasingly dominated by the PKI, a process that began in late
October 1949 when SOBSI resumed its activities after being halted due to the
321:. By mid-1951, almost all SOBSI members were subject to the leadership of the PKI. The unions under its umbrella also became increasingly dominated or influenced by the PKI.
337:
and often being considered to have been a member of the PKI for a long time, Njono officially applied to join the PKI in
December 1954. He was elected as a member of the
1009:
385:
Njono had one daughter as his only child and a wife named Siti Mariam. His wife was detained since
October 1965 at Bukit Duri Prison, before being transferred to
377:
and was sentenced to death on
February 21 through a verdict of the Extraordinary Military Tribunal (Mahmilub). Njono was eventually executed in October 1968.
254:
981:
369:
Due to his involvement in the September 30 Movement, Njono was arrested by the military on October 3, 1965. On February 14, 1966, Njono faced trial at the
218:
178:
288:, various subcommittees were formed on the suggestion of the joint commission for civil affairs. Njono became a member of the labor affairs subcommittee.
43:
370:
934:
923:
863:
745:
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440:
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249:(Taman Muda) and completed it in 1938. He then continued to Taman Guru Muda but did not finish. He then worked as a young journalist at the
1024:
338:
1019:
893:
357:. However, only the Gambir sector carried out the task of occupying the Telecommunications Building (now Telkom STO Gambir Building).
389:
in April 1971. As his death approached, Njono wrote three poems, one of which was addressed to the family he would leave behind.
310:
1014:
284:
as the interim deputy. In November 1946, as part of the negotiations between the Netherlands and Indonesia leading up to the
772:
386:
350:
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309:
Njono became the Secretary General of SOBSI in November 1946. He served as the head of the SOBSI delegation for the 2nd
214:
165:
226:
160:
494:
206:
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274:
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28 August 1925. He was the eldest son of Sastroredjo, a railway employee. In 1931, Njono studied at the
222:
297:
1034:
1029:
905:
Hasil Rakjat Memilih Tokoh-tokoh Parlemen (Hasil Pemilihan Umum Pertama - 1955) di Republik Indonesia
842:
991:
883:
88:
963:
66:
919:
889:
859:
853:
120:
519:"Hasil pemilihan baroe 5 orang anggauta Badan Pekerdja dan Wakil Ketoea K.N.I. Kota Djakarta"
279:
221:(SOBSI) and a member of the Politburo of the PKI Central Committee who got involved in the
238:
213:, August 28, 1925 – October 1968) was a labor activist and member of the Politburo of the
1003:
361:
planned to mobilize them to hold demonstrations if the movement could endure longer.
318:
270:
354:
291:
To address the party's deteriorating condition, Njono held a party conference in
334:
246:
292:
250:
150:
132:
968:
71:
30:
374:
116:
798:"Masa-masa Terakhir Njono, Anggota Politbiro PKI dan Pimpinan SOBSI"
217:(PKI). Njono was known as the Secretary-General and Chairman of the
744:
sfn error: no target: CITEREF"Gerakan_30_September"1966 (
439:
sfn error: no target: CITEREF"Gerakan_30_September"1966 (
946:
Indonesianisasi: Politics in a Changing Economy, 1940-1955, Vol. 2
915:
Dalih Pembunuhan Massal: Gerakan 30 September dan Kudeta Suharto
773:"Political prisoners in Indonesia – over 55 years of age – 1977"
739:
434:
855:
A Preliminary Analysis of the October 1, 1965 Coup in Indonesia
651:
649:
473:
471:
469:
936:
Seperempat Abad Dewan Perwakilan Rakjat Republik Indonesia
844:"Gerakan 30 September" Dihadapan Mahmilub I: Perkara Njono
495:"Masa-Masa Terakhir Njono, Petinggi PKI Penggerak Buruh"
546:
544:
542:
540:
852:
Anderson, Benedict R.O'G; McVey, Ruth Thomas (2009).
184:
172:
156:
146:
138:
126:
103:
98:
82:
60:
41:
21:
405:Parlaungan wrote down 1922 as his year of birth.
847:. Jakarta: Pusat Pendidikan Kehakiman AD. 1966.
918:. Jakarta: Institut Sejarah Sosial Indonesia.
458:sfn error: no target: CITEREFParlaungan1955 (
414:"zelfcorrectie, selectie, dan centralisatie."
8:
888:. Berkeley: University of California Press.
885:The Communist Party of Indonesia, 1951-1963
219:Central All-Indonesian Workers Organization
952:
564:"Centrale sub-comité's voor civiele zaken"
477:
453:
229:(PBI) and served as its interim chairman.
29:
18:
590:"Congres van de Partai Boeroeh Indonesia"
333:Despite having a close relationship with
267:the Central Indonesian National Committee
1010:Communist Party of Indonesia politicians
877:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
225:. Previously, Njono was a member of the
823:"Tapol Bulletin No. 2, November 1973".
691:
679:
667:
655:
628:"Sobsi gaat naar Peking voor Indonesie"
427:
398:
802:Perpustakaan Online Genosida 1965-1966
614:
550:
353:and had received military training at
758:
727:
715:
703:
488:
486:
7:
14:
253:newspaper in Jakarta during the
948:. New York: Cornell University.
858:. Jakarta: Equinox Publishing.
493:Matanasi, Petrik (2017-12-18).
875:Suharto: A Political Biography
771:Amnesty International (1977).
1:
634:(in Dutch). 10 November 1949
215:Communist Party of Indonesia
1025:People from Cilacap Regency
933:Sekretariat DPR-GR (1970).
740:"Gerakan 30 September" 1966
435:"Gerakan 30 September" 1966
1051:
1020:Executed Indonesian people
523:Berita Repoeblik Indonesia
988:
978:
960:
955:
192:
94:
49:
37:
28:
944:Sutter, John O. (1959).
882:Hindley, Donald (1966).
139:Cause of death
345:Involvement in the G30S
777:Amnesty Indonesia 1965
596:(in Dutch). 1947-04-11
261:Early political career
227:Indonesian Labor Party
130:October 1968 (aged 43)
1015:Indonesian communists
907:. Jakarta: C.V. Gita.
286:Linggarjati Agreement
245:(People's School) of
223:September 30 Movement
956:Trade union offices
912:Roosa, John (2008).
873:Elson, R.E. (2001).
903:Parlaungan (1956).
255:Japanese occupation
16:Indonesian activist
730:, p. 149-150.
718:, p. 146-147.
658:, p. 133-134.
275:Setyadjit Soegondo
237:Njono was born in
207:Perfected Spelling
998:
997:
989:Succeeded by
925:978-979-17579-0-4
865:978-602-8397-52-0
742:, p. 18, 30.
570:. 6 November 1946
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827:(2): 12. 1973.
825:Tapol Bulletin
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789:
763:
761:, p. 176.
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706:, p. 341.
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594:Nieuwe Courant
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980:Chairman of
979:
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914:
904:
884:
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854:
843:
824:
818:
806:. Retrieved
804:. 2020-12-25
801:
792:
780:. Retrieved
776:
766:
754:
735:
723:
711:
699:
692:Hindley 1966
687:
680:Hindley 1966
675:
668:Hindley 1966
663:
656:Hindley 1966
636:. Retrieved
631:
622:
610:
598:. Retrieved
593:
584:
572:. Retrieved
567:
558:
527:. Retrieved
525:. 1946-07-01
522:
513:
502:. Retrieved
498:
449:
437:, p. 7.
430:
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373:Building in
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355:Lubang Buaya
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175:affiliations
84:Succeeded by
51:
42:Chairman of
1035:1925 births
1030:1968 deaths
967: [
808:22 February
615:Sutter 1959
574:18 February
568:Het Dagblad
551:Sutter 1959
529:21 February
278: [
247:Taman Siswa
188:Siti Mariam
168:(1954–1965)
163:(1945–1948)
147:Nationality
70: [
62:Preceded by
1004:Categories
992:Moh. Munir
986:1950–1964
759:Elson 2001
728:Roosa 2008
716:Roosa 2008
704:Roosa 2008
638:23 January
504:2023-12-27
422:References
335:D.N. Aidit
233:Early life
110:1925-08-28
89:Moh. Munir
964:Asrarudin
632:Java Bode
600:4 January
251:Asia Raya
151:Indonesia
133:Indonesia
76:(acting)
67:Asrarudin
56:1950–1964
52:In office
973:(acting)
499:Tirto.id
371:Bappenas
975:Harjono
782:25 July
375:Menteng
273:, with
239:Cilacap
117:Cilacap
78:Harjono
922:
892:
862:
185:Spouse
982:SOBSI
971:]
393:Notes
365:Death
305:SOBSI
282:]
211:Nyono
199:Njono
179:SOBSI
74:]
44:SOBSI
23:Njono
920:ISBN
890:ISBN
860:ISBN
810:2024
784:2024
746:help
640:2024
602:2024
576:2024
531:2024
460:help
441:help
311:WFTU
293:Solo
127:Died
104:Born
339:DPR
201:or
166:PKI
161:PBI
1006::
969:id
800:.
775:.
648:^
630:.
592:.
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
