304:
281:
178:
203:
3193:
310:
209:
31:
2675:
Gong Y, Krakow D, Marcelino J, Wilkin D, Chitayat D, Babul-Hirji R, Hudgins L, Cremers CW, Cremers FP, Brunner HG, Reinker K, Rimoin DL, Cohn DH, Goodman FR, Reardon W, Patton M, Francomano CA, Warman ML (March 1999). "Heterozygous mutations in the gene encoding noggin affect human joint
57:
1665:. Mice with a lack of NOG gene are shown to have an outgrowth of the mandible and a cleft palate. Another craniofacial related deformity due to the absence of noggin is conductive hearing loss caused by uncontrolled outgrowth of the cochlear duct and coiling.
3026:
Groppe J, Greenwald J, Wiater E, Rodriguez-Leon J, Economides AN, Kwiatkowski W, Affolter M, Vale WW, Izpisua
Belmonte JC, Choe S (December 2002). "Structural basis of BMP signalling inhibition by the cystine knot protein Noggin".
1496:
syndrome (SYNS1) and proximal symphalangism (SIM1). SYNS1 is different from SYM1 by causing hip and vertebral fusions. The embryo may also develop shorter bones, miss any skeletal elements, or lack multiple articulating joints.
2424:
Lindquist NR, Appelbaum EN, Acharya A, Vrabec JT, Leal SM, Schrauwen I (2019) A start codon variant in NOG underlies symphalangism and ossicular chain malformations affecting both the incus and the stapes. Case Rep Genet
2873:
Takahashi T, Takahashi I, Komatsu M, Sawaishi Y, Higashi K, Nishimura G, Saito H, Takada G (December 2001). "Mutations of the NOG gene in individuals with proximal symphalangism and multiple synostosis syndrome".
2389:
Masuda S, Namba K, Mutai H, Usui S, Miyanaga Y, Kaneko H, Matsunaga T (May 2014). "A mutation in the heparin-binding site of noggin as a novel mechanism of proximal symphalangism and conductive hearing loss".
3805:
2096:"A comprehensive review of reported heritable noggin-associated syndromes and proposed clinical utility of one broadly inclusive diagnostic term: NOG-related-symphalangism spectrum disorder (NOG-SSD)"
3192:
2956:"Autosomal dominant stapes ankylosis with broad thumbs and toes, hyperopia, and skeletal anomalies is caused by heterozygous nonsense and frameshift mutations in NOG, the gene encoding noggin"
1649:
Early craniofacial development is heavily influenced by the presence of noggin, in accordance with its multiple tissue-specific requirements. Noggin influences the formation and growth of the
1433:
The protein's name, which is a slang
English-language word for "head", was coined in reference to its ability to produce embryos with large heads when exposed at high concentrations.
3072:
Brown DJ, Kim TB, Petty EM, Downs CA, Martin DM, Strouse PJ, Moroi SE, Gebarski SS, Lesperance MM (March 2003). "Characterization of a stapes ankylosis family with a NOG mutation".
2051:
Xu H, Huang W, Wang Y, Sun W, Tang J, Li D, Xu P, Guo L, Yin ZQ, Fan X (January 2013). "The function of BMP4 during neurogenesis in the adult hippocampus in
Alzheimer's disease".
3798:
2997:
Hall AK, Burke RM, Anand M, Dinsio KJ (July 2002). "Activin and bone morphogenetic proteins are present in perinatal sensory neuron target tissues that induce neuropeptides".
2251:
Blázquez-Medela AM, Jumabay M, Rajbhandari P, Sallam T, Guo Y, Yao J, Vergnes L, Reue K, Zhang L, Yao Y, Fogelman AM, Tontonoz P, Lusis AJ, Wu X, Boström KI (April 2019).
317:
216:
3791:
1551:
model tracked the extent to which the absence of noggin affected embryological development. The focus of the study was the formation of the ear and its role in
3772:
3233:
1594:
has allowed to elucidate that Noggin also plays a role in adipose tissue: its depletion in adipocytes causes alterations in the structure of both brown and
3533:
3254:
1084:
1065:
139:
5426:
3670:
3664:
3659:
3649:
3644:
3639:
3634:
3629:
1583:
formation. This reflected noggin's regulating of BMP as the major source of deformation, rather than noggin directly affecting inner ear development.
1727:
The discovery was based on the organism's ability to restore normal dorsal-ventral body axis in embryos that had been artificially ventralized by
5363:
1571:
and neural axis. The kinking of the notochord and disorientation of the body axis results in a caudal shift in the embryonic body plan of the
5421:
3172:
1815:
2566:
Brunet LJ, McMahon JA, McMahon AP, Harland RM (May 1998). "Noggin, cartilage morphogenesis, and joint formation in the mammalian skeleton".
1797:
3486:
2840:"Heparan sulfate proteoglycans retain Noggin at the cell surface: a potential mechanism for shaping bone morphogenetic protein gradients"
303:
3336:
1683:(SYNS1) have been identified; both SYM1 and SYNS1 have multiple joint fusion as their principal feature, and map to the same region on
3578:
1284:
1291:
280:
3126:
2787:"Human disease-causing NOG missense mutations: effects on noggin secretion, dimer formation, and bone morphogenetic protein binding"
1994:"Human disease-causing NOG missense mutations: effects on noggin secretion, dimer formation, and bone morphogenetic protein binding"
3226:
2785:
Marcelino J, Sciortino CM, Romero MF, Ulatowski LM, Ballock RT, Economides AN, Eimon PM, Harland RM, Warman ML (September 2001).
1992:
Marcelino J, Sciortino CM, Romero MF, Ulatowski LM, Ballock RT, Economides AN, Eimon PM, Harland RM, Warman ML (September 2001).
1833:
1520:
The secreted polypeptide noggin, encoded by the NOG gene, binds and inactivates members of the transforming growth factor-beta (
5282:
4708:
4352:
4048:
3903:
3718:
3441:
3276:
1784:
1763:
1521:
855:
regulation of fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway involved in neural plate anterior/posterior pattern formation
2435:
Valenzuela DM, Economides AN, Rojas E, Lamb TM, Nuñez L, Jones P, Lp NY, Espinosa R, Brannan CI, Gilbert DJ (September 1995).
202:
177:
1780:
54:
5114:
4950:
4815:
4698:
4600:
4526:
4338:
4229:
3893:
3728:
3401:
3394:
3389:
3384:
3379:
3138:
1759:
5240:
5150:
5086:
4906:
4783:
4671:
4482:
4128:
3828:
3814:
3374:
3369:
3364:
3359:
3354:
3349:
2154:
Liu A, Niswander LA (December 2005). "Bone morphogenetic protein signalling and vertebrate nervous system development".
1458:
1419:
1415:
1411:
1407:
1403:
119:
3219:
2954:
Brown DJ, Kim TB, Petty EM, Downs CA, Martin DM, Strouse PJ, Moroi SE, Milunsky JM, Lesperance MM (September 2002).
1567:
portions. Noggin's involvement in the malformations was also shown to be indirect, through its interaction with the
5082:
4902:
4779:
4478:
4124:
4017:
3878:
3680:
3344:
1399:
316:
215:
1680:
5226:
4119:
4007:
3463:
3246:
3165:
2525:"Noggin-mediated antagonism of BMP signaling is required for growth and patterning of the neural tube and somite"
1378:
695:
fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway involved in neural plate anterior/posterior pattern formation
309:
208:
3561:
3506:
3490:
2713:
Li W, LoTurco JJ (2000). "Noggin is a negative regulator of neuronal differentiation in developing neocortex".
1699:
1129:
127:
1676:
1552:
1110:
3121:
2646:
Smith WC (January 1999). "TGF beta inhibitors. New and unexpected requirements in vertebrate development".
3201:: Crystal structure of Bone Morphogenetic Protein-7 (BMP-7) in complex with the secreted antagonist Noggin
2603:
Krakow D, Reinker K, Powell B, Cantor R, Priore MA, Garber A, Lachman RS, Rimoin DL, Cohn DH (July 1998).
1940:
2199:"Noggin is novel inducer of mesenchymal stem cell adipogenesis: implications for bone health and obesity"
2095:
2752:"Identical mutations in NOG can cause either tarsal/carpal coalition syndrome or proximal symphalangism"
1610:) that results in dramatic increases of body weight and percent body fat that causes alterations in the
1587:
1531:
more efficiently than members of the TGF-beta superfamily, noggin may have a principal role in creating
191:
3158:
3036:
2798:
2575:
2005:
1599:
1595:
1528:
1000:
negative regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition involved in endocardial cushion formation
1476:, somite, and skeletal development. Experiments in mice have shown that noggin also plays a role in
106:
5373:
3613:
3298:
3144:
3132:
1702:
4567:
4178:
4081:
5323:
5198:
3961:
3820:
3688:
3477:
3097:
3060:
2942:
2899:
2738:
2701:
2179:
2136:
2076:
1921:
1732:
1688:
1560:
151:
5155:
4998:
4837:
4552:
1941:"Noggin acts downstream of Wnt and Sonic Hedgehog to antagonize BMP4 in avian somite patterning"
1267:
1246:
1220:
1199:
4756:
4657:
4445:
4440:
4410:
4405:
4305:
5348:
4425:
3888:
3708:
3268:
3089:
3052:
3014:
2985:
2934:
2891:
2861:
2826:
2773:
2730:
2693:
2663:
2634:
2591:
2554:
2511:
2466:
2407:
2371:
2333:
2284:
2230:
2171:
2128:
2068:
2033:
1963:
1878:
1672:
1492:
in the noggin gene can cause deformities such as joint fusions and syndromes such as multiple
1489:
99:
47:
4647:
4572:
4395:
4295:
4183:
4086:
3936:
5368:
4450:
4400:
4091:
3941:
3733:
3482:
3264:
3081:
3044:
3006:
2975:
2967:
2924:
2913:"Identification of a novel NOG gene mutation (P35S) in an Italian family with symphalangism"
2883:
2851:
2816:
2806:
2763:
2722:
2685:
2655:
2624:
2616:
2583:
2544:
2536:
2501:
2456:
2448:
2399:
2363:
2323:
2315:
2274:
2264:
2220:
2210:
2163:
2120:
2110:
2060:
2023:
2013:
1955:
1913:
1905:
1868:
1860:
1485:
1469:
in the developing embryo. It also causes formation of the head and other dorsal structures.
1355:
396:
327:
271:
226:
4751:
4562:
4173:
4076:
4071:
1626:-specific derivation of specialized cells. The formation of neural tissues, the notochord,
5179:
5109:
5104:
5022:
4945:
4940:
4810:
4805:
4628:
4521:
4516:
4276:
4163:
4158:
4043:
3713:
2490:"Localization of the gene (SYM1) for proximal symphalangism to human chromosome 17q21-q22"
1501:
1500:
Increased plasma levels of Noggin have been observed in obese mice and in patients with a
1363:
371:
3211:
147:
3040:
2802:
2579:
2009:
3783:
3617:
3242:
2629:
2604:
2461:
2452:
2436:
2328:
2303:
2279:
2252:
2225:
2198:
1873:
1848:
1607:
1564:
1548:
1505:
1473:
1442:
1359:
2980:
2955:
2887:
2659:
2549:
2524:
999:
994:
989:
984:
979:
974:
969:
964:
959:
954:
949:
944:
939:
934:
929:
924:
919:
914:
909:
904:
899:
894:
889:
884:
879:
874:
869:
864:
859:
854:
849:
844:
839:
834:
829:
824:
819:
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809:
804:
799:
794:
789:
784:
779:
774:
769:
764:
759:
754:
749:
744:
739:
734:
729:
724:
719:
714:
709:
704:
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694:
689:
684:
679:
674:
669:
664:
659:
654:
649:
644:
639:
634:
618:
613:
597:
592:
587:
5415:
5333:
3926:
3085:
2821:
2786:
2768:
2751:
2140:
2028:
1993:
1684:
1627:
1611:
1603:
1556:
1532:
574:
3101:
2946:
2903:
2742:
2605:"Localization of a multiple synostoses-syndrome disease gene to chromosome 17q21-22"
2080:
30:
5353:
4736:
4731:
4420:
4380:
4375:
3951:
3064:
2437:"Identification of mammalian noggin and its expression in the adult nervous system"
2183:
1669:
1662:
1466:
389:
168:
131:
3122:
Noggin publications, gene expression data, sequences and interactants from
Xenbase
2705:
2587:
2197:
Sawant A, Chanda D, Isayeva T, Tsuladze G, Garvey WT, Ponnazhagan S (April 2012).
2367:
2269:
1939:
Hirsinger E, Duprez D, Jouve C, Malapert P, Cooke J, Pourquié O (November 1997).
155:
5343:
5041:
4741:
4385:
3743:
3703:
2319:
2304:"Role of hindbrain in inner ear morphogenesis: analysis of Noggin knockout mice"
1820:
National Center for
Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine
1802:
National Center for
Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine
1736:
1728:
1462:
1461:(BMP4) during development. The absence of BMP4 will cause the patterning of the
2791:
Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
2523:
McMahon JA, Takada S, Zimmerman LB, Fan CM, Harland RM, McMahon AP (May 1998).
2403:
1998:
Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
1524:) superfamily signaling proteins, such as bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4).
472:
5383:
5294:
5290:
5286:
5076:
4896:
4720:
4716:
4712:
4415:
4364:
4360:
4356:
4223:
4060:
4056:
4052:
4001:
3915:
3911:
3907:
3867:
3599:
3291:
3286:
3281:
2064:
1709:
1692:
1623:
1576:
1536:
1493:
288:
185:
135:
5276:
5272:
5263:
5173:
5169:
5140:
5072:
5068:
5016:
5012:
4988:
4892:
4888:
4855:
4851:
4693:
4652:
4435:
4333:
4300:
4270:
4266:
4247:
4219:
4215:
4012:
3997:
3993:
3873:
3863:
3859:
3436:
2215:
1959:
1739:
because of this ability to induce secondary axis formation in frog embryos.
1639:
1591:
1580:
1572:
1568:
1481:
1454:
1029:
532:
410:
355:
342:
254:
241:
143:
5249:
4680:
3093:
3056:
3018:
2989:
2938:
2895:
2865:
2856:
2839:
2830:
2811:
2777:
2734:
2697:
2667:
2540:
2506:
2489:
2411:
2375:
2337:
2288:
2234:
2175:
2132:
2072:
2037:
2018:
1882:
2638:
2595:
2558:
2515:
2470:
1967:
1331:
1326:
5400:
2911:
Mangino M, Flex E, Digilio MC, Giannotti A, Dallapiccola B (March 2002).
2124:
1849:"Beyond the bone: Bone morphogenetic protein signaling in adipose tissue"
1654:
1643:
1635:
1631:
1477:
1315:
1174:
1155:
3048:
2838:
Paine-Saunders S, Viviano BL, Economides AN, Saunders S (January 2002).
1917:
5338:
5328:
5268:
5165:
5064:
5008:
4884:
4847:
4262:
4211:
3989:
3855:
3698:
3693:
2115:
1925:
1722:
1509:
1391:
1351:
1141:
1096:
675:
positive regulation of branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis
3010:
2929:
2912:
2726:
1864:
975:
negative regulation of pathway-restricted SMAD protein phosphorylation
76:
5389:
5187:
5183:
5051:
5030:
5026:
4866:
4636:
4632:
4430:
4284:
4280:
3756:
3655:
3625:
3571:
3566:
3543:
3538:
3528:
3521:
3516:
2488:
Polymeropoulos MH, Poush J, Rubenstein JR, Francomano CA (May 1995).
1650:
1450:
1446:
1299:
1051:
2167:
1909:
4465:
4106:
3116:
2971:
2620:
5318:
5250:
5208:
5145:
4993:
4982:
4978:
4934:
4930:
4926:
4799:
4767:
4766:
4702:
4681:
4618:
4612:
4546:
4510:
4506:
4502:
4346:
4342:
4320:
4252:
4241:
4152:
4148:
4037:
4033:
3882:
3751:
3583:
3511:
3456:
3451:
3446:
3325:
3318:
3313:
3308:
1658:
1504:
over 27. Additionally, it has been shown that Noggin depletion in
1386:
2689:
1014:
1010:
5134:
5130:
5126:
5122:
5118:
5098:
5094:
5090:
4974:
4970:
4966:
4962:
4958:
4954:
4922:
4918:
4914:
4910:
4831:
4827:
4823:
4819:
4795:
4791:
4787:
4608:
4604:
4582:
4542:
4538:
4534:
4530:
4498:
4494:
4490:
4486:
4460:
4315:
4237:
4233:
4193:
4144:
4140:
4136:
4132:
4101:
4029:
4025:
4021:
3971:
3897:
3837:
3431:
3426:
3421:
3416:
3411:
3406:
3303:
1427:
1423:
1374:
1367:
123:
3787:
3215:
3154:
5209:
3150:
1555:. The inner ear underwent multiple deformations affecting the
1382:
2302:
Bok J, Brunet LJ, Howard O, Burton Q, Wu DK (November 2007).
2356:
1720:
Noggin was originally isolated from the aquatic-frog genus
2253:"Noggin depletion in adipocytes promotes obesity in mice"
930:
negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
925:
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
1539:
effects, both early in development and in later stages.
900:
negative regulation of cardiac muscle cell proliferation
720:
anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis
379:
5213:
3815:
4583:
4461:
4316:
4194:
4102:
3972:
3842:
3838:
1847:
Blázquez-Medela AM, Jumabay M, Boström KI (May 2019).
1731:
treatment. Noggin was discovered in the laboratory of
1579:
structures in the hindbrain could not properly induce
915:
negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway
2750:
Dixon ME, Armstrong P, Stevens DB, Bamshad M (2002).
1586:
Specific knockout models have been created using the
544:
2354:
Krause C, Guzman A, Knaus P (April 2011). "Noggin".
1687:(17q22) as NOG. These mutations indicate functional
1646:
noggin is involved in the development of the lungs.
1590:
system. A model knocking out Noggin specifically in
700:
positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation
5308:
5248:
5239:
5207:
5050:
4865:
4765:
4679:
4670:
4581:
4459:
4314:
4192:
4100:
3970:
3836:
3827:
3765:
3742:
3679:
3612:
3592:
3554:
3499:
3476:
3334:
3262:
3253:
2392:
1260:
1239:
1213:
1192:
985:
BMP signaling pathway involved in heart development
4587:
4198:
3976:
1896:Oppenheimer SB (1995). "The Discovery of Noggin".
1776:
1774:
1772:
1755:
1753:
1751:
730:negative regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway
2094:Potti TA, Petty EM, Lesperance MM (August 2011).
1708:Mutations in this gene have been associated with
770:negative regulation of osteoblast differentiation
326:
225:
5052:
4867:
1987:
1985:
1983:
1981:
1979:
1977:
1614:and in the liver; the effects vary with gender.
1381:of human noggin is highly homologous to that of
665:negative regulation of astrocyte differentiation
4871:
2349:
2347:
1675:human NOG mutations in unrelated families with
18:Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
1781:GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000048616
3799:
3227:
3166:
3117:BMPedia - the Bone Morphogenetic Protein Wiki
635:positive regulation of glomerulus development
8:
1354:that is involved in the development of many
955:ventricular compact myocardium morphogenesis
790:negative regulation of BMP signaling pathway
685:negative regulation of cartilage development
1760:GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000183691
715:negative regulation of cell differentiation
5245:
4676:
3833:
3806:
3792:
3784:
3496:
3259:
3234:
3220:
3212:
3173:
3159:
3151:
1445:that plays an important role in promoting
1025:
970:atrial cardiac muscle tissue morphogenesis
570:
367:
266:
163:
65:
2979:
2928:
2855:
2820:
2810:
2767:
2628:
2548:
2505:
2460:
2327:
2278:
2268:
2224:
2214:
2114:
2027:
2017:
1872:
1472:Noggin function is required for correct
705:negative regulation of cytokine activity
690:somatic stem cell population maintenance
3188:
1747:
1488:, and neural tube fusion. Heterozygous
1370:. In humans, noggin is encoded by the
965:positive regulation of gene expression
885:embryonic skeletal joint morphogenesis
760:negative regulation of gene expression
20:
2246:
2244:
1698:All these NOG mutations have altered
1642:, bone and muscle growth, and in the
1575:. Major signaling molecules from the
835:negative regulation of cell migration
775:embryonic skeletal system development
331:
292:
287:
230:
189:
184:
7:
1630:, and eye structures arise from the
995:pharyngeal arch artery morphogenesis
875:epithelial to mesenchymal transition
2844:The Journal of Biological Chemistry
2203:The Journal of Biological Chemistry
1634:germ layer. Noggin activity in the
795:regulation of BMP signaling pathway
5316:Endogenous antagonists/inhibitors:
2960:American Journal of Human Genetics
2609:American Journal of Human Genetics
2453:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.15-09-06077.1995
1737:University of California, Berkeley
1535:gradients. Noggin appears to have
1400:bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs)
1398:Noggin is an inhibitor of several
1257:
1236:
1210:
1189:
1165:
1146:
1120:
1101:
1075:
1056:
815:central nervous system development
800:multicellular organism development
549:
467:
405:
384:
110:, Nog, SYM1, SYNS1, SYNS1A, noggin
14:
2888:10.1034/j.1399-0004.2001.600607.x
950:endocardial cushion morphogenesis
845:cell differentiation in hindbrain
740:cellular response to BMP stimulus
588:protein homodimerization activity
5427:Developmental genes and proteins
3191:
3086:10.1097/00129492-200303000-00014
2769:10.1097/00125817-200109000-00004
1695:forms are embryonically lethal.
980:ventricular septum morphogenesis
910:dorsal/ventral pattern formation
850:mesenchymal cell differentiation
315:
308:
302:
279:
214:
207:
201:
176:
29:
3255:TGF beta superfamily of ligands
1622:Noggin proteins play a role in
940:membranous septum morphogenesis
4092:ML-347 (LDN-193719, VU0469381)
3942:ML-347 (LDN-193719, VU0469381)
3402:Growth differentiation factors
1638:gives way to the formation of
750:in utero embryonic development
533:More reference expression data
1:
2660:10.1016/S0168-9525(98)01641-2
2588:10.1126/science.280.5368.1455
1661:through its interaction with
990:heart trabecula morphogenesis
890:urogenital system development
735:embryonic digit morphogenesis
640:pattern specification process
300:
199:
5422:Genes on human chromosome 17
2368:10.1016/j.biocel.2011.01.007
2270:10.1016/j.molmet.2019.04.004
2156:Nature Reviews. Neuroscience
1898:The American Biology Teacher
1735:and William C. Smith at the
1681:multiple synostoses syndrome
4431:RepSox (E-616452, SJN-2511)
3345:Bone morphogenetic proteins
3131:human gene location in the
2441:The Journal of Neuroscience
2320:10.1016/j.ydbio.2007.08.013
1453:. It is released from the
945:outflow tract morphogenesis
670:pituitary gland development
650:skeletal system development
457:stromal cell of endometrium
5443:
3143:human gene details in the
2715:Developmental Neuroscience
2404:10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.04.015
1459:bone morphogenic protein 4
935:osteoblast differentiation
905:motor neuron axon guidance
780:nervous system development
710:neural plate morphogenesis
645:axial mesoderm development
421:retinal pigment epithelium
4421:Galunisertib (LY-2157299)
3186:
3074:Otology & Neurotology
2065:10.1016/j.arr.2012.05.002
1834:"Entrez Gene: NOG noggin"
1816:"Mouse PubMed Reference:"
1798:"Human PubMed Reference:"
1395:(an aquatic frog genus).
1330:
1325:
1321:
1314:
1298:
1279:
1264:
1243:
1232:
1217:
1196:
1185:
1172:
1168:
1153:
1149:
1140:
1127:
1123:
1108:
1104:
1095:
1082:
1078:
1063:
1059:
1050:
1035:
1028:
1024:
1008:
573:
569:
557:
552:
543:
530:
479:
470:
417:
408:
378:
370:
366:
349:
336:
299:
278:
269:
265:
248:
235:
198:
175:
166:
162:
117:
114:
104:
97:
92:
73:
68:
51:
46:
41:
37:
28:
23:
5369:Thrombospondin 1 (THBS1)
5151:Osteogenin (BMP3, BMP3A)
3562:Activin type 2 receptors
3507:Activin type 1 receptors
1700:evolutionarily conserved
1292:Chr 11: 89.19 – 89.19 Mb
880:middle ear morphogenesis
660:ureteric bud development
2999:Journal of Neurobiology
2529:Genes & Development
2216:10.1074/jbc.m111.293613
2053:Ageing Research Reviews
1960:10.1242/dev.124.22.4605
1553:conductive hearing loss
1402:: it inhibits at least
1285:Chr 17: 56.59 – 56.6 Mb
865:spinal cord development
860:neural tube development
840:notochord morphogenesis
805:prostatic bud formation
4568:Dorsomorphin (BML-275)
4179:Dorsomorphin (BML-275)
4082:Dorsomorphin (BML-275)
3464:Anti-müllerian hormone
3247:TGFβ signaling pathway
2857:10.1074/jbc.M109151200
2812:10.1073/pnas.201367598
2541:10.1101/gad.12.10.1438
2507:10.1006/geno.1995.1035
2019:10.1073/pnas.201367598
1677:proximal symphalangism
1602:dysfunction (impaired
1529:extracellular matrices
870:ureteric bud formation
2308:Developmental Biology
1618:Clinical significance
1527:By diffusing through
1465:and somites from the
820:cartilage development
755:BMP signaling pathway
515:primary visual cortex
499:phalanx of second toe
333:11 C|11 54.34 cM
294:Chromosome 11 (mouse)
192:Chromosome 17 (human)
3818:receptor superfamily
2756:Genetics in Medicine
2257:Molecular Metabolism
1596:white adipose tissue
960:endoderm development
655:cell differentiation
614:extracellular region
69:List of PDB id codes
42:Available structures
5386:(against myostatin)
3299:Activin and inhibin
3145:UCSC Genome Browser
3133:UCSC Genome Browser
3049:10.1038/nature01245
3041:2002Natur.420..636G
2803:2001PNAS...9811353M
2580:1998Sci...280.1455B
2010:2001PNAS...9811353M
1703:amino acid residues
1561:semicircular canals
1516:Mechanism of action
1379:amino acid sequence
825:neural tube closure
619:extracellular space
511:embryonic organizer
449:canal of the cervix
441:ganglionic eminence
5392:(against endoglin)
4749:Kinase inhibitors:
4645:Kinase inhibitors:
4560:Kinase inhibitors:
4393:Kinase inhibitors:
4293:Kinase inhibitors:
4171:Kinase inhibitors:
4069:Kinase inhibitors:
3934:Kinase inhibitors:
3478:TGF beta receptors
2648:Trends in Genetics
2116:10.1002/humu.21515
1733:Richard M. Harland
1689:haploinsufficiency
1668:Recently, several
1663:neural crest cells
1490:missense mutations
1449:patterning in the
1443:signaling molecule
1130:ENSMUSG00000048616
920:face morphogenesis
895:endoderm formation
765:somite development
725:mesoderm formation
680:lung morphogenesis
628:Biological process
607:Cellular component
581:Molecular function
425:buccal mucosa cell
5409:
5408:
5304:
5303:
5235:
5234:
4666:
4665:
3959:Other inhibitors:
3781:
3780:
3681:Ligand inhibitors
3608:
3607:
3472:
3471:
3209:
3208:
3011:10.1002/neu.10068
2930:10.1002/humu.9016
2876:Clinical Genetics
2727:10.1159/000017428
1865:10.1111/obr.12822
1451:developing embryo
1341:
1340:
1337:
1336:
1310:
1309:
1275:
1274:
1254:
1253:
1228:
1227:
1207:
1206:
1181:
1180:
1162:
1161:
1136:
1135:
1117:
1116:
1091:
1090:
1072:
1071:
1020:
1019:
830:brain development
565:
564:
561:
560:
539:
538:
526:
525:
464:
463:
453:nucleus accumbens
362:
361:
261:
260:
88:
87:
84:
83:
52:Ortholog search:
5434:
5252:
5246:
5215:
5211:
5196:Decoy receptors:
5141:Myostatin (GDF8)
5054:
5039:Decoy receptors:
4989:Myostatin (GDF8)
4873:
4869:
4769:
4683:
4677:
4589:
4585:
4467:
4463:
4322:
4318:
4248:Myostatin (GDF8)
4200:
4196:
4108:
4104:
3978:
3974:
3949:Decoy receptors:
3844:
3840:
3834:
3817:
3808:
3801:
3794:
3785:
3497:
3260:
3236:
3229:
3222:
3213:
3195:
3175:
3168:
3161:
3152:
3105:
3068:
3035:(6916): 636–42.
3022:
2993:
2983:
2950:
2932:
2907:
2869:
2859:
2834:
2824:
2814:
2781:
2771:
2746:
2709:
2676:morphogenesis".
2671:
2642:
2632:
2599:
2574:(5368): 1455–7.
2562:
2552:
2519:
2509:
2475:
2474:
2464:
2432:
2426:
2422:
2416:
2415:
2386:
2380:
2379:
2351:
2342:
2341:
2331:
2299:
2293:
2292:
2282:
2272:
2248:
2239:
2238:
2228:
2218:
2194:
2188:
2187:
2151:
2145:
2144:
2118:
2100:
2091:
2085:
2084:
2048:
2042:
2041:
2031:
2021:
1989:
1972:
1971:
1945:
1936:
1930:
1929:
1893:
1887:
1886:
1876:
1844:
1838:
1837:
1830:
1824:
1823:
1812:
1806:
1805:
1794:
1788:
1778:
1767:
1757:
1486:bone development
1346:, also known as
1323:
1322:
1294:
1287:
1270:
1258:
1249:
1237:
1233:RefSeq (protein)
1223:
1211:
1202:
1190:
1166:
1147:
1121:
1102:
1076:
1057:
1026:
810:limb development
598:cytokine binding
571:
550:
535:
495:ventricular zone
475:
473:Top expressed in
468:
437:ventricular zone
413:
411:Top expressed in
406:
385:
368:
358:
345:
334:
319:
312:
306:
295:
283:
267:
257:
244:
233:
218:
211:
205:
194:
180:
164:
158:
109:
102:
79:
66:
60:
39:
38:
33:
21:
5442:
5441:
5437:
5436:
5435:
5433:
5432:
5431:
5412:
5411:
5410:
5405:
5324:Cerberus (CER1)
5300:
5231:
5203:
5110:Eptotermin alfa
5105:Dibotermin alfa
5046:
4946:Eptotermin alfa
4941:Dibotermin alfa
4861:
4811:Eptotermin alfa
4806:Dibotermin alfa
4761:
4662:
4577:
4522:Eptotermin alfa
4517:Dibotermin alfa
4455:
4310:
4188:
4164:Eptotermin alfa
4159:Dibotermin alfa
4096:
4044:Eptotermin alfa
3966:
3823:
3812:
3782:
3777:
3761:
3738:
3675:
3604:
3588:
3550:
3480:
3468:
3330:
3277:TGF beta family
3249:
3240:
3210:
3205:
3202:
3196:
3182:
3179:
3113:
3108:
3071:
3025:
2996:
2953:
2910:
2872:
2837:
2797:(20): 11353–8.
2784:
2749:
2712:
2678:Nature Genetics
2674:
2645:
2602:
2565:
2535:(10): 1438–52.
2522:
2487:
2483:
2481:Further reading
2478:
2434:
2433:
2429:
2423:
2419:
2388:
2387:
2383:
2353:
2352:
2345:
2301:
2300:
2296:
2250:
2249:
2242:
2209:(15): 12241–9.
2196:
2195:
2191:
2168:10.1038/nrn1805
2153:
2152:
2148:
2098:
2093:
2092:
2088:
2050:
2049:
2045:
2004:(20): 11353–8.
1991:
1990:
1975:
1954:(22): 4605–14.
1943:
1938:
1937:
1933:
1910:10.2307/4449989
1895:
1894:
1890:
1853:Obesity Reviews
1846:
1845:
1841:
1832:
1831:
1827:
1814:
1813:
1809:
1796:
1795:
1791:
1779:
1770:
1758:
1749:
1745:
1718:
1712:abnormalities.
1620:
1545:
1518:
1502:body mass index
1439:
1332:View/Edit Mouse
1327:View/Edit Human
1290:
1283:
1280:Location (UCSC)
1266:
1245:
1219:
1198:
1111:ENSG00000183691
1004:
623:
602:
593:protein binding
531:
522:
517:
513:
509:
505:
503:muscle of thigh
501:
497:
493:
489:
485:
471:
460:
455:
451:
447:
443:
439:
435:
431:
427:
423:
409:
353:
340:
332:
322:
321:
320:
313:
293:
270:Gene location (
252:
239:
231:
221:
220:
219:
212:
190:
167:Gene location (
156:NOG - orthologs
118:
105:
98:
75:
53:
19:
12:
11:
5:
5440:
5438:
5430:
5429:
5424:
5414:
5413:
5407:
5406:
5404:
5403:
5394:
5393:
5387:
5377:
5376:
5371:
5366:
5361:
5356:
5351:
5346:
5341:
5336:
5331:
5326:
5321:
5312:
5310:
5306:
5305:
5302:
5301:
5299:
5298:
5280:
5266:
5257:
5255:
5243:
5237:
5236:
5233:
5232:
5230:
5229:
5220:
5218:
5205:
5204:
5202:
5201:
5192:
5191:
5177:
5159:
5158:
5153:
5148:
5143:
5138:
5112:
5107:
5102:
5080:
5058:
5056:
5048:
5047:
5045:
5044:
5035:
5034:
5020:
5002:
5001:
4996:
4991:
4986:
4948:
4943:
4938:
4900:
4878:
4876:
4863:
4862:
4860:
4859:
4841:
4840:
4835:
4813:
4808:
4803:
4773:
4771:
4763:
4762:
4760:
4759:
4754:
4745:
4744:
4739:
4734:
4725:
4724:
4706:
4696:
4687:
4685:
4674:
4668:
4667:
4664:
4663:
4661:
4660:
4655:
4650:
4641:
4640:
4622:
4621:
4616:
4594:
4592:
4579:
4578:
4576:
4575:
4570:
4565:
4556:
4555:
4550:
4524:
4519:
4514:
4472:
4470:
4457:
4456:
4454:
4453:
4448:
4443:
4438:
4433:
4428:
4423:
4418:
4413:
4408:
4403:
4398:
4389:
4388:
4383:
4378:
4369:
4368:
4350:
4336:
4327:
4325:
4312:
4311:
4309:
4308:
4303:
4298:
4289:
4288:
4274:
4256:
4255:
4250:
4245:
4227:
4205:
4203:
4190:
4189:
4187:
4186:
4181:
4176:
4167:
4166:
4161:
4156:
4122:
4113:
4111:
4098:
4097:
4095:
4094:
4089:
4084:
4079:
4074:
4065:
4064:
4046:
4041:
4015:
4010:
4005:
3983:
3981:
3968:
3967:
3965:
3964:
3955:
3954:
3945:
3944:
3939:
3930:
3929:
3920:
3919:
3901:
3891:
3886:
3876:
3871:
3849:
3847:
3831:
3825:
3824:
3813:
3811:
3810:
3803:
3796:
3788:
3779:
3778:
3776:
3775:
3769:
3767:
3763:
3762:
3760:
3759:
3754:
3748:
3746:
3740:
3739:
3737:
3736:
3731:
3726:
3721:
3716:
3711:
3706:
3701:
3696:
3691:
3685:
3683:
3677:
3676:
3674:
3673:
3668:
3662:
3653:
3647:
3642:
3637:
3632:
3622:
3620:
3610:
3609:
3606:
3605:
3603:
3602:
3596:
3594:
3590:
3589:
3587:
3586:
3581:
3576:
3575:
3574:
3569:
3558:
3556:
3552:
3551:
3549:
3548:
3547:
3546:
3541:
3531:
3526:
3525:
3524:
3519:
3514:
3503:
3501:
3494:
3474:
3473:
3470:
3469:
3467:
3466:
3461:
3460:
3459:
3454:
3449:
3444:
3439:
3437:Myostatin/GDF8
3434:
3429:
3424:
3419:
3414:
3409:
3399:
3398:
3397:
3392:
3387:
3382:
3377:
3372:
3367:
3362:
3357:
3352:
3341:
3339:
3332:
3331:
3329:
3328:
3323:
3322:
3321:
3316:
3311:
3306:
3296:
3295:
3294:
3289:
3284:
3273:
3271:
3257:
3251:
3250:
3243:Cell signaling
3241:
3239:
3238:
3231:
3224:
3216:
3207:
3206:
3204:
3203:
3197:
3190:
3187:
3184:
3183:
3180:
3178:
3177:
3170:
3163:
3155:
3149:
3148:
3136:
3124:
3119:
3112:
3111:External links
3109:
3107:
3106:
3069:
3023:
2994:
2972:10.1086/342067
2951:
2917:Human Mutation
2908:
2870:
2850:(3): 2089–96.
2835:
2782:
2747:
2721:(1–2): 68–73.
2710:
2672:
2643:
2621:10.1086/301921
2600:
2563:
2520:
2484:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2476:
2447:(9): 6077–84.
2427:
2417:
2398:(3): 496–502.
2381:
2343:
2294:
2240:
2189:
2162:(12): 945–54.
2146:
2103:Human Mutation
2086:
2043:
1973:
1931:
1904:(5): 264–266.
1888:
1859:(5): 648–658.
1839:
1825:
1807:
1789:
1768:
1746:
1744:
1741:
1717:
1714:
1628:hair follicles
1619:
1616:
1549:mouse knockout
1544:
1543:Knockout model
1541:
1517:
1514:
1506:adipose tissue
1474:nervous system
1457:and regulates
1438:
1435:
1339:
1338:
1335:
1334:
1329:
1319:
1318:
1312:
1311:
1308:
1307:
1305:
1303:
1296:
1295:
1288:
1281:
1277:
1276:
1273:
1272:
1262:
1261:
1255:
1252:
1251:
1241:
1240:
1234:
1230:
1229:
1226:
1225:
1215:
1214:
1208:
1205:
1204:
1194:
1193:
1187:
1183:
1182:
1179:
1178:
1170:
1169:
1163:
1160:
1159:
1151:
1150:
1144:
1138:
1137:
1134:
1133:
1125:
1124:
1118:
1115:
1114:
1106:
1105:
1099:
1093:
1092:
1089:
1088:
1080:
1079:
1073:
1070:
1069:
1061:
1060:
1054:
1048:
1047:
1042:
1037:
1033:
1032:
1022:
1021:
1018:
1017:
1006:
1005:
1003:
1002:
997:
992:
987:
982:
977:
972:
967:
962:
957:
952:
947:
942:
937:
932:
927:
922:
917:
912:
907:
902:
897:
892:
887:
882:
877:
872:
867:
862:
857:
852:
847:
842:
837:
832:
827:
822:
817:
812:
807:
802:
797:
792:
787:
782:
777:
772:
767:
762:
757:
752:
747:
742:
737:
732:
727:
722:
717:
712:
707:
702:
697:
692:
687:
682:
677:
672:
667:
662:
657:
652:
647:
642:
637:
631:
629:
625:
624:
622:
621:
616:
610:
608:
604:
603:
601:
600:
595:
590:
584:
582:
578:
577:
567:
566:
563:
562:
559:
558:
555:
554:
547:
541:
540:
537:
536:
528:
527:
524:
523:
521:
520:
516:
512:
508:
504:
500:
496:
492:
488:
484:
480:
477:
476:
465:
462:
461:
459:
458:
454:
450:
446:
442:
438:
434:
430:
426:
422:
418:
415:
414:
402:
401:
393:
382:
376:
375:
372:RNA expression
364:
363:
360:
359:
351:
347:
346:
338:
335:
330:
324:
323:
314:
307:
301:
297:
296:
291:
285:
284:
276:
275:
263:
262:
259:
258:
250:
246:
245:
237:
234:
229:
223:
222:
213:
206:
200:
196:
195:
188:
182:
181:
173:
172:
160:
159:
116:
112:
111:
103:
95:
94:
90:
89:
86:
85:
82:
81:
71:
70:
62:
61:
50:
44:
43:
35:
34:
26:
25:
17:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5439:
5428:
5425:
5423:
5420:
5419:
5417:
5402:
5399:
5396:
5395:
5391:
5388:
5385:
5382:
5379:
5378:
5375:
5374:Tomoregulin 1
5372:
5370:
5367:
5365:
5362:
5360:
5357:
5355:
5352:
5350:
5349:Gremlin (Drm)
5347:
5345:
5342:
5340:
5337:
5335:
5332:
5330:
5327:
5325:
5322:
5320:
5317:
5314:
5313:
5311:
5307:
5296:
5292:
5288:
5284:
5281:
5278:
5274:
5270:
5267:
5265:
5262:
5259:
5258:
5256:
5254:
5247:
5244:
5242:
5238:
5228:
5225:
5222:
5221:
5219:
5217:
5206:
5200:
5197:
5194:
5193:
5189:
5185:
5181:
5178:
5175:
5171:
5167:
5164:
5161:
5160:
5157:
5154:
5152:
5149:
5147:
5144:
5142:
5139:
5136:
5132:
5128:
5124:
5120:
5116:
5113:
5111:
5108:
5106:
5103:
5100:
5096:
5092:
5088:
5084:
5081:
5078:
5074:
5070:
5066:
5063:
5060:
5059:
5057:
5055:
5049:
5043:
5040:
5037:
5036:
5032:
5028:
5024:
5021:
5018:
5014:
5010:
5007:
5004:
5003:
5000:
4997:
4995:
4992:
4990:
4987:
4984:
4980:
4976:
4972:
4968:
4964:
4960:
4956:
4952:
4949:
4947:
4944:
4942:
4939:
4936:
4932:
4928:
4924:
4920:
4916:
4912:
4908:
4904:
4901:
4898:
4894:
4890:
4886:
4883:
4880:
4879:
4877:
4875:
4864:
4857:
4853:
4849:
4846:
4843:
4842:
4839:
4836:
4833:
4829:
4825:
4821:
4817:
4814:
4812:
4809:
4807:
4804:
4801:
4797:
4793:
4789:
4785:
4781:
4778:
4775:
4774:
4772:
4770:
4764:
4758:
4755:
4753:
4750:
4747:
4746:
4743:
4740:
4738:
4735:
4733:
4730:
4727:
4726:
4722:
4718:
4714:
4710:
4707:
4704:
4700:
4697:
4695:
4692:
4689:
4688:
4686:
4684:
4678:
4675:
4673:
4669:
4659:
4656:
4654:
4651:
4649:
4646:
4643:
4642:
4638:
4634:
4630:
4627:
4624:
4623:
4620:
4617:
4614:
4610:
4606:
4602:
4599:
4596:
4595:
4593:
4591:
4580:
4574:
4571:
4569:
4566:
4564:
4561:
4558:
4557:
4554:
4551:
4548:
4544:
4540:
4536:
4532:
4528:
4525:
4523:
4520:
4518:
4515:
4512:
4508:
4504:
4500:
4496:
4492:
4488:
4484:
4480:
4477:
4474:
4473:
4471:
4469:
4458:
4452:
4449:
4447:
4444:
4442:
4439:
4437:
4434:
4432:
4429:
4427:
4424:
4422:
4419:
4417:
4414:
4412:
4409:
4407:
4404:
4402:
4399:
4397:
4394:
4391:
4390:
4387:
4384:
4382:
4379:
4377:
4374:
4371:
4370:
4366:
4362:
4358:
4354:
4351:
4348:
4344:
4340:
4337:
4335:
4332:
4329:
4328:
4326:
4324:
4313:
4307:
4304:
4302:
4299:
4297:
4294:
4291:
4290:
4286:
4282:
4278:
4275:
4272:
4268:
4264:
4261:
4258:
4257:
4254:
4251:
4249:
4246:
4243:
4239:
4235:
4231:
4228:
4225:
4221:
4217:
4213:
4210:
4207:
4206:
4204:
4202:
4191:
4185:
4182:
4180:
4177:
4175:
4172:
4169:
4168:
4165:
4162:
4160:
4157:
4154:
4150:
4146:
4142:
4138:
4134:
4130:
4126:
4123:
4121:
4118:
4115:
4114:
4112:
4110:
4099:
4093:
4090:
4088:
4085:
4083:
4080:
4078:
4075:
4073:
4070:
4067:
4066:
4062:
4058:
4054:
4050:
4047:
4045:
4042:
4039:
4035:
4031:
4027:
4023:
4019:
4016:
4014:
4011:
4009:
4006:
4003:
3999:
3995:
3991:
3988:
3985:
3984:
3982:
3980:
3969:
3963:
3960:
3957:
3956:
3953:
3950:
3947:
3946:
3943:
3940:
3938:
3935:
3932:
3931:
3928:
3927:Ascrinvacumab
3925:
3922:
3921:
3917:
3913:
3909:
3905:
3902:
3899:
3895:
3892:
3890:
3887:
3884:
3880:
3877:
3875:
3872:
3869:
3865:
3861:
3857:
3854:
3851:
3850:
3848:
3846:
3835:
3832:
3830:
3826:
3822:
3819:
3809:
3804:
3802:
3797:
3795:
3790:
3789:
3786:
3774:
3771:
3770:
3768:
3764:
3758:
3755:
3753:
3750:
3749:
3747:
3745:
3741:
3735:
3732:
3730:
3727:
3725:
3722:
3720:
3717:
3715:
3712:
3710:
3707:
3705:
3702:
3700:
3697:
3695:
3692:
3690:
3687:
3686:
3684:
3682:
3678:
3672:
3669:
3666:
3663:
3661:
3657:
3654:
3651:
3648:
3646:
3643:
3641:
3638:
3636:
3633:
3631:
3627:
3624:
3623:
3621:
3619:
3615:
3611:
3601:
3598:
3597:
3595:
3591:
3585:
3582:
3580:
3577:
3573:
3570:
3568:
3565:
3564:
3563:
3560:
3559:
3557:
3553:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3537:
3536:
3535:
3532:
3530:
3527:
3523:
3520:
3518:
3515:
3513:
3510:
3509:
3508:
3505:
3504:
3502:
3498:
3495:
3492:
3488:
3484:
3479:
3475:
3465:
3462:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3440:
3438:
3435:
3433:
3430:
3428:
3425:
3423:
3420:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3408:
3405:
3404:
3403:
3400:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3388:
3386:
3383:
3381:
3378:
3376:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3347:
3346:
3343:
3342:
3340:
3338:
3333:
3327:
3324:
3320:
3317:
3315:
3312:
3310:
3307:
3305:
3302:
3301:
3300:
3297:
3293:
3290:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3279:
3278:
3275:
3274:
3272:
3270:
3266:
3261:
3258:
3256:
3252:
3248:
3244:
3237:
3232:
3230:
3225:
3223:
3218:
3217:
3214:
3200:
3194:
3189:
3185:
3176:
3171:
3169:
3164:
3162:
3157:
3156:
3153:
3146:
3142:
3141:
3137:
3134:
3130:
3129:
3125:
3123:
3120:
3118:
3115:
3114:
3110:
3103:
3099:
3095:
3091:
3087:
3083:
3079:
3075:
3070:
3066:
3062:
3058:
3054:
3050:
3046:
3042:
3038:
3034:
3030:
3024:
3020:
3016:
3012:
3008:
3004:
3000:
2995:
2991:
2987:
2982:
2977:
2973:
2969:
2966:(3): 618–24.
2965:
2961:
2957:
2952:
2948:
2944:
2940:
2936:
2931:
2926:
2922:
2918:
2914:
2909:
2905:
2901:
2897:
2893:
2889:
2885:
2882:(6): 447–51.
2881:
2877:
2871:
2867:
2863:
2858:
2853:
2849:
2845:
2841:
2836:
2832:
2828:
2823:
2818:
2813:
2808:
2804:
2800:
2796:
2792:
2788:
2783:
2779:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2762:(5): 349–53.
2761:
2757:
2753:
2748:
2744:
2740:
2736:
2732:
2728:
2724:
2720:
2716:
2711:
2707:
2703:
2699:
2695:
2691:
2687:
2683:
2679:
2673:
2669:
2665:
2661:
2657:
2653:
2649:
2644:
2640:
2636:
2631:
2626:
2622:
2618:
2614:
2610:
2606:
2601:
2597:
2593:
2589:
2585:
2581:
2577:
2573:
2569:
2564:
2560:
2556:
2551:
2546:
2542:
2538:
2534:
2530:
2526:
2521:
2517:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2499:
2495:
2491:
2486:
2485:
2480:
2472:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2454:
2450:
2446:
2442:
2438:
2431:
2428:
2421:
2418:
2413:
2409:
2405:
2401:
2397:
2393:
2385:
2382:
2377:
2373:
2369:
2365:
2362:(4): 478–81.
2361:
2357:
2350:
2348:
2344:
2339:
2335:
2330:
2325:
2321:
2317:
2313:
2309:
2305:
2298:
2295:
2290:
2286:
2281:
2276:
2271:
2266:
2262:
2258:
2254:
2247:
2245:
2241:
2236:
2232:
2227:
2222:
2217:
2212:
2208:
2204:
2200:
2193:
2190:
2185:
2181:
2177:
2173:
2169:
2165:
2161:
2157:
2150:
2147:
2142:
2138:
2134:
2130:
2126:
2125:2027.42/87082
2122:
2117:
2112:
2109:(8): 877–86.
2108:
2104:
2097:
2090:
2087:
2082:
2078:
2074:
2070:
2066:
2062:
2059:(1): 157–64.
2058:
2054:
2047:
2044:
2039:
2035:
2030:
2025:
2020:
2015:
2011:
2007:
2003:
1999:
1995:
1988:
1986:
1984:
1982:
1980:
1978:
1974:
1969:
1965:
1961:
1957:
1953:
1949:
1942:
1935:
1932:
1927:
1923:
1919:
1915:
1911:
1907:
1903:
1899:
1892:
1889:
1884:
1880:
1875:
1870:
1866:
1862:
1858:
1854:
1850:
1843:
1840:
1835:
1829:
1826:
1821:
1817:
1811:
1808:
1803:
1799:
1793:
1790:
1786:
1782:
1777:
1775:
1773:
1769:
1765:
1761:
1756:
1754:
1752:
1748:
1742:
1740:
1738:
1734:
1730:
1726:
1724:
1715:
1713:
1711:
1706:
1704:
1701:
1696:
1694:
1690:
1686:
1685:chromosome 17
1682:
1678:
1674:
1671:
1666:
1664:
1660:
1656:
1652:
1647:
1645:
1641:
1637:
1633:
1629:
1625:
1617:
1615:
1613:
1612:lipid profile
1609:
1605:
1604:thermogenesis
1601:
1598:, along with
1597:
1593:
1589:
1584:
1582:
1578:
1574:
1570:
1566:
1562:
1558:
1557:cochlear duct
1554:
1550:
1547:A study of a
1542:
1540:
1538:
1534:
1530:
1525:
1523:
1515:
1513:
1511:
1507:
1503:
1498:
1495:
1491:
1487:
1483:
1479:
1475:
1470:
1468:
1464:
1460:
1456:
1452:
1448:
1444:
1436:
1434:
1431:
1429:
1425:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1405:
1401:
1396:
1394:
1393:
1388:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1373:
1369:
1365:
1361:
1357:
1353:
1349:
1345:
1333:
1328:
1324:
1320:
1317:
1313:
1306:
1304:
1301:
1297:
1293:
1289:
1286:
1282:
1278:
1271:
1269:
1263:
1259:
1256:
1250:
1248:
1242:
1238:
1235:
1231:
1224:
1222:
1216:
1212:
1209:
1203:
1201:
1195:
1191:
1188:
1186:RefSeq (mRNA)
1184:
1177:
1176:
1171:
1167:
1164:
1158:
1157:
1152:
1148:
1145:
1143:
1139:
1132:
1131:
1126:
1122:
1119:
1113:
1112:
1107:
1103:
1100:
1098:
1094:
1087:
1086:
1081:
1077:
1074:
1068:
1067:
1062:
1058:
1055:
1053:
1049:
1046:
1043:
1041:
1038:
1034:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1016:
1012:
1007:
1001:
998:
996:
993:
991:
988:
986:
983:
981:
978:
976:
973:
971:
968:
966:
963:
961:
958:
956:
953:
951:
948:
946:
943:
941:
938:
936:
933:
931:
928:
926:
923:
921:
918:
916:
913:
911:
908:
906:
903:
901:
898:
896:
893:
891:
888:
886:
883:
881:
878:
876:
873:
871:
868:
866:
863:
861:
858:
856:
853:
851:
848:
846:
843:
841:
838:
836:
833:
831:
828:
826:
823:
821:
818:
816:
813:
811:
808:
806:
803:
801:
798:
796:
793:
791:
788:
786:
785:axon guidance
783:
781:
778:
776:
773:
771:
768:
766:
763:
761:
758:
756:
753:
751:
748:
746:
745:wound healing
743:
741:
738:
736:
733:
731:
728:
726:
723:
721:
718:
716:
713:
711:
708:
706:
703:
701:
698:
696:
693:
691:
688:
686:
683:
681:
678:
676:
673:
671:
668:
666:
663:
661:
658:
656:
653:
651:
648:
646:
643:
641:
638:
636:
633:
632:
630:
627:
626:
620:
617:
615:
612:
611:
609:
606:
605:
599:
596:
594:
591:
589:
586:
585:
583:
580:
579:
576:
575:Gene ontology
572:
568:
556:
551:
548:
546:
542:
534:
529:
518:
514:
510:
506:
502:
498:
494:
490:
487:Neural groove
486:
482:
481:
478:
474:
469:
466:
456:
452:
448:
444:
440:
436:
432:
428:
424:
420:
419:
416:
412:
407:
404:
403:
400:
398:
394:
392:
391:
387:
386:
383:
381:
377:
373:
369:
365:
357:
352:
348:
344:
339:
329:
325:
318:
311:
305:
298:
290:
286:
282:
277:
273:
268:
264:
256:
251:
247:
243:
238:
228:
224:
217:
210:
204:
197:
193:
187:
183:
179:
174:
170:
165:
161:
157:
153:
149:
145:
141:
137:
133:
129:
125:
121:
113:
108:
101:
96:
91:
80:
78:
72:
67:
64:
63:
59:
56:
49:
45:
40:
36:
32:
27:
22:
16:
5397:
5380:
5358:
5315:
5260:
5223:
5195:
5163:Antagonists:
5162:
5061:
5038:
5006:Antagonists:
5005:
4881:
4845:Antagonists:
4844:
4776:
4748:
4737:Lerdelimumab
4732:Fresolimumab
4728:
4690:
4644:
4626:Antagonists:
4625:
4597:
4559:
4475:
4392:
4381:Lerdelimumab
4376:Fresolimumab
4372:
4330:
4292:
4260:Antagonists:
4259:
4208:
4170:
4116:
4068:
3986:
3958:
3952:Dalantercept
3948:
3933:
3923:
3852:
3723:
3198:
3139:
3127:
3080:(2): 210–5.
3077:
3073:
3032:
3028:
3005:(1): 52–60.
3002:
2998:
2963:
2959:
2920:
2916:
2879:
2875:
2847:
2843:
2794:
2790:
2759:
2755:
2718:
2714:
2690:10.1038/6821
2684:(3): 302–4.
2681:
2677:
2651:
2647:
2615:(1): 120–4.
2612:
2608:
2571:
2567:
2532:
2528:
2500:(2): 225–9.
2497:
2493:
2444:
2440:
2430:
2425:2019:2836263
2420:
2395:
2391:
2384:
2359:
2355:
2314:(1): 69–78.
2311:
2307:
2297:
2260:
2256:
2206:
2202:
2192:
2159:
2155:
2149:
2106:
2102:
2089:
2056:
2052:
2046:
2001:
1997:
1951:
1947:
1934:
1918:10211.2/1126
1901:
1897:
1891:
1856:
1852:
1842:
1828:
1819:
1810:
1801:
1792:
1721:
1719:
1707:
1697:
1670:heterozygous
1667:
1648:
1621:
1585:
1565:otic capsule
1546:
1526:
1519:
1499:
1471:
1467:neural plate
1441:Noggin is a
1440:
1432:
1397:
1390:
1371:
1360:nerve tissue
1358:, including
1356:body tissues
1347:
1343:
1342:
1265:
1244:
1218:
1197:
1173:
1154:
1128:
1109:
1083:
1064:
1044:
1039:
395:
388:
115:External IDs
74:
15:
5381:Antibodies:
5344:Follistatin
5199:Ramatercept
5042:Sotatercept
4742:Metelimumab
4729:Antibodies:
4386:Metelimumab
4373:Antibodies:
3962:Disitertide
3924:Antibodies:
3744:Coreceptors
3704:Follistatin
3614:Transducers
3181:PDB gallery
1948:Development
1729:ultraviolet
1679:(SYM1) and
1608:β-oxidation
1537:pleiotropic
1533:morphogenic
1463:neural tube
491:neural fold
354:89,193,158
341:89,191,464
253:56,595,611
240:56,593,699
93:Identifiers
5416:Categories
5384:Stamulumab
5334:DAN (PARN)
5253:(β-glycan)
5156:Radotermin
4999:Radotermin
4979:11 (BMP11)
4935:15 (GDF9B)
4838:Radotermin
4703:10 (BMP3B)
4613:11 (BMP11)
4553:Radotermin
4511:15 (GDF9B)
4416:LY-2109761
4347:11 (BMP11)
4343:10 (BMP3B)
4242:11 (BMP11)
3821:modulators
3600:betaglycan
3335:Ligand of
3263:Ligand of
2923:(3): 308.
2654:(1): 3–5.
1787:, May 2017
1766:, May 2017
1743:References
1710:middle ear
1693:homozygous
1691:where the
1624:germ layer
1592:adipocytes
1577:rhombomere
1494:synostosis
399:(ortholog)
136:HomoloGene
5264:Avotermin
5227:AMH (MIS)
5224:Agonists:
5135:7 (BMP12)
5131:6 (BMP13)
5127:5 (BMP14)
5062:Agonists:
4971:7 (BMP12)
4967:6 (BMP13)
4963:5 (BMP14)
4882:Agonists:
4832:7 (BMP12)
4828:6 (BMP13)
4824:5 (BMP14)
4777:Agonists:
4757:LY-364947
4694:Avotermin
4691:Agonists:
4658:SB-505124
4653:SB-431542
4598:Agonists:
4539:7 (BMP12)
4535:6 (BMP13)
4531:5 (BMP14)
4476:Agonists:
4446:SB-525334
4441:SB-505124
4436:SB-431542
4411:LY-364947
4406:GW-788388
4334:Avotermin
4331:Agonists:
4306:SB-505124
4301:SB-431542
4209:Agonists:
4120:AMH (MIS)
4117:Agonists:
4013:Avotermin
4008:AMH (MIS)
3987:Agonists:
3874:Avotermin
3853:Agonists:
2263:: 50–63.
2141:205920339
1716:Discovery
1640:cartilage
1600:brown fat
1581:inner ear
1573:hindbrain
1569:notochord
1508:leads to
1482:cognition
1455:notochord
1268:NP_032737
1247:NP_005441
1221:NM_008711
1200:NM_005450
1030:Orthologs
483:notochord
144:GeneCards
5401:Endoglin
5309:Unsorted
5261:Ligands:
5241:Type III
4820:2 (BMP9)
4426:R-268712
3898:2 (BMP9)
3889:Cetermin
3689:Cerberus
3102:26445733
3094:12621334
3057:12478285
3019:12115893
2990:12089654
2947:22940188
2939:11857750
2904:29452724
2896:11846737
2866:11706034
2831:11562478
2778:11545688
2743:35547875
2735:10657699
2698:10080184
2668:10087923
2494:Genomics
2412:24735539
2376:21256973
2338:17900554
2289:31027994
2235:22351751
2176:16340955
2133:21538686
2081:46528212
2073:22698853
2038:11562478
1883:30609449
1783:–
1762:–
1673:missense
1655:mandible
1644:endoderm
1636:mesoderm
1632:ectoderm
1522:TGF-beta
1478:learning
1437:Function
1316:Wikidata
1009:Sources:
429:testicle
5398:Others:
5339:Decorin
5329:Chordin
5269:Inhibin
5166:Inhibin
5065:Activin
5009:Inhibin
4885:Activin
4848:Inhibin
4672:Type II
4648:A 83-01
4573:K-02288
4396:A 83-01
4296:A 83-01
4263:Inhibin
4212:Activin
4184:K-02288
4087:K-02288
3990:Activin
3937:K-02288
3856:Activin
3709:Gremlin
3699:Decorin
3694:Chordin
3593:TGFBR3:
3555:TGFBR2:
3500:TGFBR1:
3483:Activin
3065:4386654
3037:Bibcode
2799:Bibcode
2639:9634519
2630:1377242
2596:9603738
2576:Bibcode
2568:Science
2559:9585504
2516:7557985
2471:7666191
2462:6577675
2329:2215324
2280:6600080
2226:3320975
2184:1005572
2006:Bibcode
1968:9409677
1926:4449989
1874:6447448
1785:Ensembl
1764:Ensembl
1723:Xenopus
1588:Cre-lox
1510:obesity
1392:Xenopus
1364:muscles
1352:protein
1350:, is a
1142:UniProt
1097:Ensembl
1036:Species
1015:QuickGO
445:decidua
374:pattern
100:Aliases
5390:TRC105
5359:Noggin
5251:TGFβR3
5053:ACVR2B
4868:ACVR2A
4682:TGFβR2
4588:ACVR1C
4466:BMPR1B
4451:SD-208
4401:D-4476
4321:TGFβR1
4199:ACVR1B
4107:BMPR1A
3977:ACVR1A
3843:ACVRL1
3829:Type I
3757:Cripto
3724:Noggin
3656:I-SMAD
3626:R-SMAD
3572:ACVR2B
3567:ACVR2A
3544:BMPR1B
3539:BMPR1A
3529:ACVRL1
3522:ACVR1C
3517:ACVR1B
3491:family
3292:TGF-β3
3287:TGF-β2
3282:TGF-β1
3100:
3092:
3063:
3055:
3029:Nature
3017:
2988:
2981:379196
2978:
2945:
2937:
2902:
2894:
2864:
2829:
2819:
2776:
2741:
2733:
2706:652235
2704:
2696:
2666:
2637:
2627:
2594:
2557:
2550:316831
2547:
2514:
2469:
2459:
2410:
2374:
2336:
2326:
2287:
2277:
2233:
2223:
2182:
2174:
2139:
2131:
2079:
2071:
2036:
2026:
1966:
1924:
1881:
1871:
1651:palate
1563:, and
1447:somite
1426:, and
1389:, and
1377:. The
1366:, and
1344:Noggin
1302:search
1300:PubMed
1175:P97466
1156:Q13253
1052:Entrez
545:BioGPS
519:somite
507:embryo
132:104327
124:602991
5354:LTBP1
5319:BAMBI
5210:AMHR2
5180:Lefty
5146:Nodal
5023:Lefty
4994:Nodal
4872:ACVR2
4768:BMPR2
4752:DMH-2
4629:Lefty
4619:Nodal
4563:DMH-2
4277:Lefty
4253:Nodal
4174:DMH-2
4077:DMH-2
4072:DMH-1
3766:Other
3752:BAMBI
3734:THBS1
3719:LTBP1
3714:Lefty
3671:SMAD4
3665:SMAD7
3660:SMAD6
3650:SMAD9
3645:SMAD5
3640:SMAD3
3635:SMAD2
3630:SMAD1
3584:BMPR2
3579:AMHR2
3534:BMPR1
3512:ACVR1
3457:GDF15
3452:GDF11
3447:GDF10
3395:BMP15
3390:BMP10
3385:BMP8b
3380:BMP8a
3326:Nodal
3319:INHBC
3314:INHBB
3309:INHBA
3269:TGFBR
3098:S2CID
3061:S2CID
2943:S2CID
2900:S2CID
2822:58733
2739:S2CID
2702:S2CID
2180:S2CID
2137:S2CID
2099:(PDF)
2077:S2CID
2029:58733
1944:(PDF)
1922:JSTOR
1659:skull
1387:mouse
1368:bones
1085:18121
1045:Mouse
1040:Human
1011:Amigo
433:gonad
397:Mouse
390:Human
337:Start
272:Mouse
236:Start
232:17q22
169:Human
5364:TGIF
5283:TGFβ
5214:AMHR
4709:TGFβ
4584:ALK7
4462:ALK6
4353:TGFβ
4317:ALK5
4195:ALK4
4103:ALK3
4049:TGFβ
3973:ALK2
3904:TGFβ
3839:ALK1
3816:TGFβ
3773:SARA
3729:PARN
3618:SMAD
3442:GDF9
3432:GDF7
3427:GDF6
3422:GDF5
3417:GDF3
3412:GDF2
3407:GDF1
3375:BMP7
3370:BMP6
3365:BMP5
3360:BMP4
3355:BMP3
3350:BMP2
3337:BMPR
3304:INHA
3265:ACVR
3199:1m4u
3090:PMID
3053:PMID
3015:PMID
2986:PMID
2935:PMID
2892:PMID
2862:PMID
2827:PMID
2774:PMID
2731:PMID
2694:PMID
2664:PMID
2635:PMID
2592:PMID
2555:PMID
2512:PMID
2467:PMID
2408:PMID
2372:PMID
2334:PMID
2285:PMID
2231:PMID
2172:PMID
2129:PMID
2069:PMID
2034:PMID
1964:PMID
1879:PMID
1657:and
1606:and
1404:BMP2
1375:gene
1066:9241
380:Bgee
328:Band
289:Chr.
227:Band
186:Chr.
140:3979
120:OMIM
77:1M4U
58:RCSB
55:PDBe
5115:GDF
5083:BMP
4951:GDF
4903:BMP
4816:GDF
4780:BMP
4699:GDF
4601:GDF
4527:GDF
4479:BMP
4339:GDF
4230:GDF
4125:BMP
4018:BMP
3894:GDF
3879:BMP
3487:BMP
3267:or
3140:NOG
3128:NOG
3082:doi
3045:doi
3033:420
3007:doi
2976:PMC
2968:doi
2925:doi
2884:doi
2852:doi
2848:277
2817:PMC
2807:doi
2764:doi
2723:doi
2686:doi
2656:doi
2625:PMC
2617:doi
2584:doi
2572:280
2545:PMC
2537:doi
2502:doi
2457:PMC
2449:doi
2400:doi
2396:447
2364:doi
2324:PMC
2316:doi
2312:311
2275:PMC
2265:doi
2221:PMC
2211:doi
2207:287
2164:doi
2121:hdl
2111:doi
2061:doi
2024:PMC
2014:doi
1956:doi
1952:124
1914:hdl
1906:doi
1869:PMC
1861:doi
1383:rat
1372:NOG
1348:NOG
553:n/a
350:End
249:End
152:OMA
148:NOG
128:MGI
107:NOG
48:PDB
24:NOG
5418::
5293:,
5289:,
5275:,
5186:,
5172:,
5133:,
5129:,
5125:,
5121:,
5097:,
5093:,
5089:,
5077:AB
5075:,
5071:,
5029:,
5015:,
4983:15
4981:,
4977:,
4973:,
4969:,
4965:,
4961:,
4957:,
4933:,
4931:8B
4929:,
4927:8A
4925:,
4921:,
4917:,
4913:,
4909:,
4897:AB
4895:,
4891:,
4854:,
4830:,
4826:,
4822:,
4800:10
4798:,
4794:,
4790:,
4786:,
4719:,
4715:,
4635:,
4611:,
4607:,
4547:15
4545:,
4541:,
4537:,
4533:,
4509:,
4507:8B
4505:,
4503:8A
4501:,
4497:,
4493:,
4489:,
4485:,
4363:,
4359:,
4345:,
4283:,
4269:,
4240:,
4236:,
4224:AB
4222:,
4218:,
4153:8B
4151:,
4149:8A
4147:,
4143:,
4139:,
4135:,
4131:,
4059:,
4055:,
4038:8B
4036:,
4034:8A
4032:,
4028:,
4024:,
4002:AB
4000:,
3996:,
3914:,
3910:,
3883:10
3868:AB
3866:,
3862:,
3489:,
3485:,
3245::
3096:.
3088:.
3078:24
3076:.
3059:.
3051:.
3043:.
3031:.
3013:.
3003:52
3001:.
2984:.
2974:.
2964:71
2962:.
2958:.
2941:.
2933:.
2921:19
2919:.
2915:.
2898:.
2890:.
2880:60
2878:.
2860:.
2846:.
2842:.
2825:.
2815:.
2805:.
2795:98
2793:.
2789:.
2772:.
2758:.
2754:.
2737:.
2729:.
2719:22
2717:.
2700:.
2692:.
2682:21
2680:.
2662:.
2652:15
2650:.
2633:.
2623:.
2613:63
2611:.
2607:.
2590:.
2582:.
2570:.
2553:.
2543:.
2533:12
2531:.
2527:.
2510:.
2498:27
2496:.
2492:.
2465:.
2455:.
2445:15
2443:.
2439:.
2406:.
2394:.
2370:.
2360:43
2358:.
2346:^
2332:.
2322:.
2310:.
2306:.
2283:.
2273:.
2261:25
2259:.
2255:.
2243:^
2229:.
2219:.
2205:.
2201:.
2178:.
2170:.
2158:.
2135:.
2127:.
2119:.
2107:32
2105:.
2101:.
2075:.
2067:.
2057:12
2055:.
2032:.
2022:.
2012:.
2002:98
2000:.
1996:.
1976:^
1962:.
1950:.
1946:.
1920:.
1912:.
1902:57
1900:.
1877:.
1867:.
1857:20
1855:.
1851:.
1818:.
1800:.
1771:^
1750:^
1725:.
1705:.
1653:,
1559:,
1512:.
1484:,
1480:,
1430:.
1428:14
1424:13
1422:,
1418:,
1414:,
1410:,
1406:,
1385:,
1362:,
1013:/
356:bp
343:bp
255:bp
242:bp
150:;
146::
142:;
138::
134:;
130::
126:;
122::
5297:)
5295:3
5291:2
5287:1
5285:(
5279:)
5277:B
5273:A
5271:(
5216:)
5212:(
5190:)
5188:2
5184:1
5182:(
5176:)
5174:B
5170:A
5168:(
5137:)
5123:3
5119:1
5117:(
5101:)
5099:7
5095:6
5091:4
5087:2
5085:(
5079:)
5073:B
5069:A
5067:(
5033:)
5031:2
5027:1
5025:(
5019:)
5017:B
5013:A
5011:(
4985:)
4975:9
4959:3
4955:1
4953:(
4937:)
4923:7
4919:6
4915:5
4911:4
4907:2
4905:(
4899:)
4893:B
4889:A
4887:(
4874:)
4870:(
4858:)
4856:B
4852:A
4850:(
4834:)
4818:(
4802:)
4796:7
4792:6
4788:4
4784:2
4782:(
4723:)
4721:3
4717:2
4713:1
4711:(
4705:)
4701:(
4639:)
4637:2
4633:1
4631:(
4615:)
4609:3
4605:1
4603:(
4590:)
4586:(
4549:)
4543:9
4529:(
4513:)
4499:7
4495:6
4491:5
4487:4
4483:2
4481:(
4468:)
4464:(
4367:)
4365:3
4361:2
4357:1
4355:(
4349:)
4341:(
4323:)
4319:(
4287:)
4285:2
4281:1
4279:(
4273:)
4271:B
4267:A
4265:(
4244:)
4238:3
4234:1
4232:(
4226:)
4220:B
4216:A
4214:(
4201:)
4197:(
4155:)
4145:7
4141:6
4137:5
4133:4
4129:2
4127:(
4109:)
4105:(
4063:)
4061:3
4057:2
4053:1
4051:(
4040:)
4030:7
4026:6
4022:5
4020:(
4004:)
3998:B
3994:A
3992:(
3979:)
3975:(
3918:)
3916:3
3912:2
3908:1
3906:(
3900:)
3896:(
3885:)
3881:(
3870:)
3864:B
3860:A
3858:(
3845:)
3841:(
3807:e
3800:t
3793:v
3667:)
3658:(
3652:)
3628:(
3616:/
3493:)
3481:(
3235:e
3228:t
3221:v
3174:e
3167:t
3160:v
3147:.
3135:.
3104:.
3084::
3067:.
3047::
3039::
3021:.
3009::
2992:.
2970::
2949:.
2927::
2906:.
2886::
2868:.
2854::
2833:.
2809::
2801::
2780:.
2766::
2760:3
2745:.
2725::
2708:.
2688::
2670:.
2658::
2641:.
2619::
2598:.
2586::
2578::
2561:.
2539::
2518:.
2504::
2473:.
2451::
2414:.
2402::
2378:.
2366::
2340:.
2318::
2291:.
2267::
2237:.
2213::
2186:.
2166::
2160:6
2143:.
2123::
2113::
2083:.
2063::
2040:.
2016::
2008::
1970:.
1958::
1928:.
1916::
1908::
1885:.
1863::
1836:.
1822:.
1804:.
1420:7
1416:6
1412:5
1408:4
274:)
171:)
154::
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