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599:(1899-1987), a Redemptorist priest and catechist. In 1958, due to the growth of the Catholic community around the Marian Shrine of Aparecida, the Holy See decided to erect the Metropolitan Archdiocese of Aparecida, separating its territory in part from the Archdiocese of São Paulo and in part from the Diocese of Taubaté and transferring three suffragan Dioceses that previously were subject to the Metropolitan Archbishop of São Paulo to form the new ecclesiastical province of Aparecida. The new See was led by administrators until 1964, when the first Archbishop of Aparecida was appointed.
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of bad luck, cast their nets in the River
Paraiba and dragged up a headless statue of the Virgin Mary. They also salvaged the head and, according to the legend, then netted plenty of fish. After cleaning the statue, they found that it was a black version of Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception. Legend has it that when the fishermen recovered the body, then the head, the slender figure of the Aparecida Virgin became so heavy that they couldn't budge it.
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the "Patron of Brazil" on 31 May 1826. The ruler of Brazil at that time, Pedro I (born Prince Pedro de
Alcantara), was named after Saint Peter of Alcantara. Later, as the Virgin Mary outranks St. Peter of Alcantara in the Catholic hierarchy of saints, with the proclamation of the Virgin Aparecida as
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As the people of
Guaratinguetá decided to hold a feast in his honour, three fishermen, Domingos Garcia, João Alves, and Filipe Pedroso went down to the Paraíba waters to fish. The fishermen prayed to Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception that God would grant a good catch. The fishermen, having a run
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In 2004, to commemorate the centennial of the pontifical coronation commanded by Pope Pius X and the 150th anniversary of the dogmatic definition of the
Immaculate Conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary, the statue of Our Lady Aparecida was granted a renewed canonical coronation by the Holy See. The
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on July 4, 1980. In his
Apostolic message, the Pontiff mentioned the coronation of 1904, the Patronage granted in 1930, and his culminating purpose of consecration of the shrine as a Basilica during that time. By research in Vatican documents, there is no mention of 1908 proclamations of the shrine
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status, but also because it was reported to have performed a miracle for an enslaved young man. Over the years following its discovery, veneration of the Virgin invoked as
Aparecida increased as many miracles were attributed to her. For the following fifteen years, the statue remained within Filipe
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Controversy about the statue was ignited in May 1978 by an intruder who stole the clay statue, which was smashed as he was apprehended, from its shrine, and again in 1995, when an evangelical minister insulted and vandalized a copy of the statue on
Brazilian national television, specifically on
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on August 12, 1967, and presented by the
Apostolic Nuncio; it was a gift of the Holy See to mark the Pope's participation in the commemorations of the 250th anniversary of the devotion to the Virgin of Aparecida. The "New Basilica"'s Golden Rose was presented by Pope Benedict, who visited the
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The feast day of Our Lady
Aparecida has been a National Holiday in Brazil since 1980. The federal statute declaring October 12 a national holiday in honour of "Our Lady Aparecida", Patroness of Brazil, was passed by Congress and signed into law on June 30, 1980, during
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of the Roman Rite approved for Brazil, the day of Our Lady
Aparecida ranks as a solemnity, and is a holy day of obligation. The feast's rank as a day of precept was established by the Holy See at the request of the National Conference of Brazilian Bishops.
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denounced the incident, causing a nationwide commotion. The event was perceived by Catholics as a major act of religious intolerance, causing a public outcry. Several temples of the UCKG were targeted by protesters, and Von Helder was transferred to
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The number of worshippers increased dramatically, and in 1834 work on a larger church was begun; this became known as the "Old Basilica" when work on the even larger "New Basilica" was started in 1955; it received pontifical approbation in 1980.
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established the Office of the Mass under this honor and allowing this devotion to spread due to the widespread piety of the Brazilian people. The Papal decree mentions the 1904 solid gold crown given to the image (assumingly from
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Since then, the two Basilicas in the city of Aparecida have been known as the "Old Basilica" and the "New Basilica". Upon its completion, the Brazilian Conference of Catholic Bishops declared the new Basilica a National Shrine.
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As the National Shrine, dedicated to the patroness of Brazil, one of the functions of the basilica is to function as a site of pilgrimage for laborers. The traditional pilgrimage of the laborers takes place each year on
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The image is dark brown, and covered by a stiff dark blue robe of richly embroidered thick cloth emblazoned with the flags of Brazil and the Vatican City State with golden clasps. An imperial crown was added in 1904.
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from São Paulo known for crafting artistic sacred images in clay. The small statue is less than three feet tall. The image was made around 1650, and must have been underwater for years, since it lost its original
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of Brazil. Historical accounts state that the statue was originally found by three fishermen who miraculously caught many fish after invoking the Blessed Virgin Mary. The statue is currently housed in the
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which soon became too small for so many worshippers. In 1737 the priest of Guaratinguetá built her a chapel on the Morro dos Coqueiros (Hill of Coconut Palms), where public visits began in July 1745.
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of the day. He was chased by guards and some of the church goers. As he was caught, the statue fell to the ground breaking to pieces; a group of artists and artisans pieced it together again.
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in Germany and took on the responsibility for the shrine of Our Lady Aparecida, making it the first Redemptorist parish in Latin America. Devotion to the Marian image grew under Padre
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Friar Stephano Piat Joseph, OFM, St. Peter of Alcantara, Patron of Brazil, translated from the French language by Father Clarence Neotti OFM, Editora Vozes, Petrópolis, 1962, page. 13
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In the mid-20th century, as the popularity of Our Lady Aparecida grew, the construction of a much larger building to shelter the image became necessary. In 1955, work on the present
1311:(UCKG), insulted and kicked a replica of Our Lady Aparecida, and said that "it could not do anything for you", on a late-night religious program broadcast by UCKG television station
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celebrated Mass at the shrine on July 24, 2013, and entrusted his pontificate as well as the World Youth Day to the maternal protection of the Blessed Virgin Mary.
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Pedroso's family, and neighbors came to venerate it. Stories of Our Lady of Aparecida's miracles were spread throughout Brazil, and the Pedroso family built her a
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who granted this approval. The papal coronation of the image of Aparecida was a major event attended by many people and by civil authorities including President
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The influence of Our Lady Aparecida on Brazilian Catholic society is incalculable. In 1992 a study showed that 296 parishes were dedicated to her while five
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between June 18, 2001, and February 23, 2002, was a fictional portrayal of the finding of the Our Lady Aparecida statue, loosely based on the 1865 novel
1466:'s first visit to the country; that was also the first visit by a Pope to Brazil, and during that visit the "New Basilica" of Aparecida was consecrated.
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The image became the source of religious conflicts between Catholics and Protestants, primarily driven by non-mainline churches identified with
367:). Neighbors began to venerate the statue, which came to be known as Our Lady Appeared, and devotion grew. The first chapel was built in 1745.
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and given the title of minor basilica. It is currently the largest Marian temple and the second largest Basilica in the world, second only to
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Acta Apostolica Sedis – 1931 – Page 7 – Beata Virgo Maria Immaculata Sub Titulo Apparecida – Principalis Patrona Brasiliae Constituitur. –
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had the same title. In addition, many towns are named after the Virgin and so are many Brazilian women and girls. The modern art styled
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On May 16, 1978, a person identified as a member of a Protestant sect took the statue from its niche on the basilica after the last
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Twenty years later, the village that had grown around the church on Coqueiros hill became a municipality, named after the saint.
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Since the 19th century, the Feast Day of Our Lady Aparecida is celebrated on 12 October, the day of the finding of the statue.
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replica of the same image is sponsored by the Embassy of Brazil to the Vatican and was approved for installation within the
1725:""Brazil: Our Lady "Aparecida" (who appeared)", Marian Titles in the Popular Religiosity of Latin America, Univ. of Dayton"
579:, the Archbishop of Rio de Janeiro (then the Capital of Brazil), rededicated Brazil to the Virgin under this Marian title.
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In the wake of the papal decree naming Our Lady Aparecida Patroness of Brazil, on July 16, 1930, Cardinal
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1858:"A Carta Apostólica de Pio XI que constituiu Nossa Senhora Aparecida como Padroeira Principal do Brasil"
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A Carta Apostólica de Pio XI que constituiu Nossa Senhora Aparecida como Padroeira Principal do Brasil
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declared Mary under this title Patroness of Brazil through a papal bull of 16 July 1930, signed by
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According to the account of the discovery of the statue in October 1717, Dom Pedro de Almeida,
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granted the third golden rose on 9 October 2017, honoring the 300th anniversary of the devotion
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in Brazil since 1980. The building in which the image is venerated was granted the title of a
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Up until the early 1950s, Aparecida remained an unassuming city with a small community of
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in September 2016 via the diplomatic efforts of the Brazilian embassy to the Holy See.
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1904, to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the 1854 proclamation of the dogma of the
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On July 4, 1980, while still under construction, the new church was consecrated by
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Epstein, Jack (November 24, 1995). "Kicking of icon outrages Brazil Catholics".
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basilica and celebrated Mass there during his 2007 Apostolic visit to Brazil.
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renewed coronation was presided by the Archbishop emeritus of Rio de Janeiro,
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2005:"Our Lady of Aparecida - Information on the Saint of the Day - Vatican News"
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is the national capital and she is invoked as Brazil's special protector.
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In 1928 the "City of Aparecida" was consolidated around the old Basílica
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consecrated her new shrine and on the same date raised it to the rank of
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1779:. Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE). Archived from
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On her feast day in 1995, a public holiday, an incident later known as "
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1698:"Papa Francisco concede terceira Rosa de Ouro ao Santuário Nacional"
1684:"4 July 1980, Mass in the Basilica of Aparecida | John Paul II"
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granted the Basilica of the National Shrine of Our Lady Aparecida a
1978:"WYD 2013: Pope entrusts youth to Virgin Mary at Aparecida shrine"
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Furthermore, the devotion was researched and approved by Cardinal
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granted the approval on the devotion of the image under the title
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to be the principal patroness of Brazil, namely widespread in the
1638:"Brazil's giant basilica is backdrop for Pope visit", May 6, 2007
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Prayer Of John Paul II In The Basilica of Aparecida, 4 July 1980
1846:
https://www.vatican.va/archive/aas/documents/AAS-23-1931-ocr.pdf
403:
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553:). It does not however, mention the shrine being elevated to a
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After the pontifical coronation of 1904 the Holy See granted a
1433:. The "Old Basilica" also possesses a Golden Rose, awarded by
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The National Basilica, located in Aparecida, São Paulo, Brazil
606:
was the first Pope to consecrate the shrine with the title of
2037:
Official website of the National Shrine of Our Lady Aparecida
487:. The Coronation was performed in the name and on behalf of
402:; others say that it was made by Frei Agostinho de Jesus, a
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According to a local tale the clay statue was imported from
1517:, an ancient tradition which also has a feast on October 12
243:
in the world, being able to hold up to 45,000 worshippers.
1909:"Feast Days of Our Lady: Our Lady Aparecida – October 12"
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installed a replica of the same Marian image within the
370:
Devotion to the statue grew rapidly, particularly among
258:
The following papal documents concern the famed statue:
84:
Basilica of the National Shrine of Our Lady of Aparecida
313:
granted the image her second golden rose on 12 May 2007
53:
The original image enshrined in the central high altar.
568:. The papal bull was signed and witnessed by Cardinal
525:
declared the Immaculate Conception under the title of
1354:
Basilica of the National Shrine of Our Lady Aparecida
202:
Basilica of the National Shrine of Our Lady Aparecida
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Pieces of the vandalized Marian image taken in 1978.
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591:. They arrived from the sanctuary of the Virgin of
138:
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93:
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59:
34:
611:as a Basilica by the Pope or any Vatican prelate.
455:of Brazil, St. Peter became the secondary patron.
188:Her image, a clay statue, is widely venerated by
479:, Lino Deodato Rodrigues, at the decree of the
2060:
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223:. The feast day of Our Lady Aparecida in the
39:Our Lady of Imaculate Conception of Aparecida
8:
1950:. BBC. August 3, 2000. Retrieved 2009-01-06.
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1824:São Pedro de Alcântara Padroeiro do Brasil
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31:
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1623:. National Catholic Reporter. May 3, 2007
1961:"Pope to Visit 'Pentecostalized' Brazil"
1719:
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1543:
1541:
1539:
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265:mentioned the Brazilian devotion in 1903
1965:Pew Forum on Religion & Public Life
1770:Enciclopédia dos Municípios Brasileiros
1583:
1531:
1406:is dedicated to Our Lady Aparecida, as
649:
471:, the statue of Our Lady Aparecida was
430:, officially held on 3 September 2016.
365:Our Lady of the Conception who appeared
128:Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Aparecida
1900:
1898:
1896:
1806:"Pope Canonizes First Brazilian Saint"
1581:
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1309:Universal Church of the Kingdom of God
542:"Nossa Senhora da Conceição Apparecida
150:Public insults and televised vandalism
1936:Video of Von Helder kicking the saint
1615:
1613:
1611:
1609:
1607:
1605:
1603:
1360:designed a building in the form of a
1307:Sérgio Von Helder (or Helde), of the
1289:associated with the religious image.
536:The pontifical decree indicated that
7:
1621:"A look ahead to Benedict in Brazil"
1281:theology, including all branches of
1073:Approved, with widespread liturgical
361:Nossa Senhora da Conceição Aparecida
221:Nossa Senhora da Conceição Aparecida
195:, who consider her as the principal
175:Nossa Senhora da Conceição Aparecida
1364:. It can hold up to 45,000 people.
1075:veneration endorsed by the Holy See
551:Isabel, Princess Imperial of Brazil
227:is on October 12, which is also a
1657:. CatholicVoice.ie. Archived from
1330:until the end of the controversy.
465:Feast of the Immaculate Conception
438:At the written request of Emperor
340:, was passing through the area of
25:
1340:Basilica of Our Lady of Aparecida
577:Sebastião Leme da Silveira Cintra
352:, an important gold mining site.
1887:santuarionacional.vteximg.com.br
1649:William Thomas (July 19, 2009).
1597:at the Mary of Nazareth Project.
1285:, due to the nature of Catholic
1218:
909:
908:
662:
632:
332:and Governor of the Province of
275:to the image on 8 September 1904
46:
2176:Titles of Mary, mother of Jesus
1651:"Our Lady of Aparecida, Brazil"
359:The fishermen named the statue
1489:(The Patroness), broadcast on
1478:Our Lady Aparecida from Brazil
989:Congregation of Marian Fathers
737:Consecrations and entrustments
251:, in what became known as the
219:have referred to the image as
142:(1978) Theft and vandalism by
1:
1588:Our Lady of Aparecida profile
1548:Our Lady of Aparecida profile
1389:Brazil's independence holiday
679:
531:Archdiocese of Rio de Janeiro
165:("Our Lady, the Appeared"), (
60:Queen and Patroness of Brazil
1911:. Tradition in Action, Inc.
999:Marianists (Society of Mary)
602:Contrary to popular belief,
566:Sacred Congregation of Rites
293:granted the image her first
239:in 1980, and is the largest
1521:Roman Catholicism in Brazil
483:and in the presence of the
424:Gardens of the Vatican City
2217:
2186:National symbols of Brazil
2181:Statues of the Virgin Mary
2166:Shrines to the Virgin Mary
1755:November 22, 2008, at the
1750:Our Lady Aparecida profile
1337:
1052:Queen of Angels Foundation
1042:Marian Movement of Priests
1024:World Apostolate of Fátima
994:Company of Mary (Montfort)
2191:Catholic Church in Brazil
800:Our Lady, Star of the Sea
675:Bartolomé Esteban Murillo
364:
348:valley, during a trip to
45:
1553:January 2, 2011, at the
1315:. On the following day,
1047:Fatima Family Apostolate
1037:Our Lady's Rosary Makers
954:Seven Joys of the Virgin
785:Our Lady of Mount Carmel
780:Our Lady of Good Counsel
448:Saint Peter of Alcantara
2201:Vandalized works of art
1948:"Church makes airwaves"
1923:The Dallas Morning News
1905:Oliveira, Plinio Corrêa
1774:"Aparecida - Histórico"
1557:at Patron Saints Index.
1089:Three Secrets of Fátima
977:Movements and societies
477:archbishop of São Paulo
451:the principal Catholic
253:Chute na santa incident
215:Colonial documents and
171:Nossa Senhora Aparecida
18:Nossa Senhora Aparecida
1821:Plinio Maria Solimeo,
1593:July 31, 2013, at the
1515:Our Lady of the Pillar
1479:
1422:of Pope John Paul II.
1416:Cardinal Eugênio Sales
1349:
1266:
1225:Catholicism portal
544:". In addition, Saint
344:, a small city in the
170:
1477:
1418:, in the capacity of
1400:cathedral of Brasília
1356:was begun. Architect
1347:
1264:
1205:Immaculate Conception
1141:Key Marian feast days
959:Seven Sorrows of Mary
892:Mary, Mother of Grace
670:Immaculate Conception
469:Immaculate Conception
426:under the mandate of
183:Immaculate Conception
163:Our Lady of Aparecida
36:Our Lady of Aparecida
1301:kicking of the saint
1032:Mariological Society
1014:Schoenstatt Movement
984:Sodality of Our Lady
939:Consecration to Mary
928:Devotional practices
775:Mother of the Church
722:Devotional practices
625:Assault on the image
459:Canonical coronation
273:canonical coronation
181:associated with the
177:) is a title of the
132:World Youth Day 2013
109:Mantle, crown, stars
1470:Cultural references
1455:liturgical calendar
1420:special papal envoy
902:Sub tuum praesidium
823:(Refuge of Sinners)
821:Refugium Peccatorum
795:Our Lady of Victory
790:Our Lady of Sorrows
473:Canonically crowned
374:, not only for its
179:Blessed Virgin Mary
27:Patroness of Brazil
2196:Marian apparitions
2171:Catholic devotions
2009:www.vaticannews.va
1786:on August 10, 2014
1759:at Catholic Media.
1731:on January 3, 2013
1480:
1350:
1303:" took place when
1267:
934:Acts of Reparation
527:Our Lady Aparecida
517:Papal bull of 1930
2153:
2152:
2125:Republic's Effigy
1967:. April 19, 2007.
1804:de Vries, Lloyd.
1661:on March 23, 2013
1495:As Minas de Prata
1464:Pope John Paul II
1427:Pope Benedict XVI
1369:Pope John Paul II
1259:
1258:
1078:
882:Immaculata prayer
877:Hail Mary of Gold
564:, Prefect of the
521:On 16 July 1930,
506:and Mass for her
440:Pedro I of Brazil
311:Pope Benedict XVI
301:Pope John Paul II
297:on 12 August 1967
237:Pope John Paul II
160:
159:
65:Venerated in
54:
40:
16:(Redirected from
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2076:National symbols
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1425:On May 12, 2007
1358:Benedito Calixto
1334:The New Basilica
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562:Camillo Laurenti
485:Apostolic Nuncio
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330:Count of Assumar
124:Brazilian people
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52:
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2040:(in Portuguese)
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828:Untier of Knots
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1279:fundamentalist
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810:Queen of Peace
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305:minor basilica
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229:public holiday
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346:Paraíba river
343:
342:Guaratinguetá
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2145:Patron saint
2144:
2099:Coat of arms
2012:. Retrieved
2008:
1999:
1987:. Retrieved
1981:
1972:
1959:Lugo, Luis.
1955:
1943:
1931:
1921:
1916:
1886:
1877:
1865:. Retrieved
1861:
1852:
1840:
1831:
1823:
1817:
1800:
1788:. Retrieved
1781:the original
1764:
1745:
1733:. Retrieved
1729:the original
1702:. Retrieved
1692:
1665:February 22,
1663:. Retrieved
1659:the original
1654:
1644:
1503:TV Excelsior
1494:
1486:
1481:
1460:
1452:
1449:
1440:Pope Francis
1435:Pope Paul VI
1424:
1412:
1402:designed by
1393:
1385:
1381:
1377:Vatican City
1366:
1351:
1328:South Africa
1320:
1298:
1291:
1268:
1207:(8 December)
1197:Presentation
1165:Annunciation
1159:(2 February)
915:Marian hymns
914:
867:Flos Carmeli
820:
762:
668:
615:Pope Francis
613:
604:John Paul II
601:
597:Vítor Coelho
586:
574:
559:
541:
535:
526:
523:Pope Pius XI
520:
512:
501:
462:
453:patron saint
444:Pope Leo XII
437:
428:Pope Francis
417:
413:
397:
389:
385:
369:
360:
358:
354:
338:Minas Gerais
327:
317:Pope Francis
291:Pope Paul VI
279:Pope Pius XI
257:
245:
220:
214:
187:
174:
162:
161:
29:
1487:A Padroeira
1431:Golden Rose
1373:St. Peter's
1362:Greek cross
1313:Rede Record
1275:evangelical
1271:charismatic
1175:(15 August)
1151:(1 January)
1065:Apparitions
1027:(Blue Army)
683: 1675
583:Later years
546:Pope Pius X
489:Pope Pius X
295:golden rose
269:Pope Pius X
249:Rede Record
217:papal bulls
139:Controversy
2160:Categories
1704:October 9,
1527:References
1491:Rede Globo
1484:telenovela
1396:cathedrals
1317:Rede Globo
1173:Assumption
1167:(25 March)
1121:Walsingham
1106:La Salette
887:Magnificat
742:Veneration
409:polychromy
363:(English:
271:granted a
225:Roman Rite
212:, Brazil.
167:Portuguese
144:Protestant
105:Attributes
99:October 12
2014:August 8,
1883:"imagens"
1790:August 1,
1735:March 28,
1700:. a12.com
1446:Feast day
1189:Holy Name
1157:Candlemas
1096:Guadalupe
872:Hail Mary
770:Mediatrix
763:Theotokos
732:Societies
707:Antiphons
651:Mariology
593:Altötting
508:feast day
446:declared
394:The image
350:Vila Rica
334:São Paulo
210:São Paulo
206:Aparecida
197:patroness
193:Catholics
190:Brazilian
115:Patronage
2087:Official
1989:July 24,
1810:CBS News
1772:(2007).
1753:Archived
1591:Archived
1551:Archived
1509:See also
1408:Brasília
1181:Nativity
897:Memorare
695:Overview
643:a series
641:Part of
608:Basilica
481:Holy See
400:Portugal
283:Cardinal
156:minister
148:(1995);
146:intruder
1453:In the
1375:in the
1111:Lourdes
857:Angelus
846:Prayers
702:Prayers
654:of the
475:by the
463:On the
324:History
2080:Brazil
1867:May 3,
1084:Fátima
949:Rosary
727:Saints
712:Titles
645:on the
420:bronze
381:chapel
120:Brazil
88:Brazil
78:shrine
76:Major
2118:Other
1784:(PDF)
1777:(PDF)
1277:, or
1101:Knock
850:hymns
152:by a
95:Feast
2094:Flag
2016:2024
1991:2013
1869:2024
1792:2014
1737:2013
1706:2017
1667:2013
1482:The
1294:Mass
848:and
404:monk
336:and
154:UCKG
122:and
2078:of
1497:by
1319:'s
673:by
235:by
204:in
173:or
2162::
2007:.
1980:.
1963:.
1907:.
1895:^
1885:.
1860:.
1808:.
1714:^
1675:^
1653:.
1628:^
1602:^
1562:^
1534:^
1505:.
1379:.
1273:,
680:c.
572:.
557:.
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1889:.
1871:.
1794:.
1739:.
1708:.
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1250:e
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1077::
685:)
678:(
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