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160:, it is regrowth following centuries of commercial timber harvesting and the clearing of land for agricultural purposes. This is particularly true of New England, New York, and Eastern Canada, where the land was cleared to make room for farms in the 17th and 18th centuries and subsequently abandoned in the 19th century when farming interests migrated to the midwestern United States and central Canada.
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community to the north. The trees and shrub species of the
Northern Hardwood Forest are known for their brilliant fall colors, making the regions that contain this forest type popular
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207:, typically between 4,500 feet (1,400 m) and 5,500 feet (1,700 m), where climatic conditions resemble those in northern states and southern Canada.
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is very typical of a
Northern Hardwood Forest ecosystem. Northern hardwood stands are also found in the higher elevations of the southern
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The
Northern Hardwood Forest is indigenous to several well-known parks and national forests, including the
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are the common key indicator tree and shrub species in the
Northern Hardwood Forest. Other species include
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Changes in the Land: Indians, Colonists, and the
Ecology of New England
125:. Birds and animals common to the Northern Hardwood Forest include the
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forest ecosystem found over much of southeastern and south-central
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Temperate broadleaf and mixed forests in the United States
43:, Ontario, and Quebec, extending south into the
308:Flora of the Great Lakes region (North America)
288:Temperate broadleaf and mixed forests in Canada
75:because it contains species common to both the
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222:Appalachian hemlock–northern hardwood forest
156:Most of the Northern Hardwood Forest is not
237:Temperate broadleaf and mixed forests
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303:Flora of the Appalachian Mountains
23:Austin T. Blakeslee Natural Area,
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264:. Houghton-Mifflin, Boston, 1998.
113:. Herb and heath species include
262:A Field Guide to Eastern Forests
257:. Hill and Wang, New York, 2003.
167:region of Minnesota, New York's
71:. Some ecologists consider it a
293:Ecoregions of the United States
79:community to the south and the
16:North American forest ecosystem
177:Green Mountain National Forest
173:White Mountain National Forest
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227:Central U.S. hardwood forests
318:Forests of the United States
232:New England/Acadian forests
25:Monroe County, Pennsylvania
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33:northern hardwood forest
217:Hardwood forest plants
175:in New Hampshire, the
131:white-throated sparrow
127:black-capped chickadee
87:tourist destinations.
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151:American red squirrel
59:, and west along the
35:is a general type of
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298:Ecoregions of Canada
205:Blue Ridge Mountains
185:Acadia National Park
278:Appalachian forests
189:Fundy National Park
73:transitional forest
199:region of western
111:eastern white pine
77:oak-hickory forest
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313:Forests of Canada
253:Cronon, William.
181:Baxter State Park
147:white-tailed deer
119:wild sarsaparilla
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260:Kircher, John.
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248:Further reading
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169:Adirondack Park
165:Boundary Waters
107:eastern hemlock
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323:Forest ecology
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187:in Maine, and
99:American beech
37:North American
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201:Massachusetts
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193:New Brunswick
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158:virgin forest
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143:snowshoe hare
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135:cedar waxwing
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81:Boreal forest
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45:United States
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179:in Vermont,
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95:yellow birch
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85:fall foliage
67:and western
57:Pennsylvania
47:in northern
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123:wood sorrel
115:wintergreen
91:Sugar maple
61:Great Lakes
49:New England
272:Categories
243:References
197:Berkshires
139:porcupine
103:white ash
65:Minnesota
211:See also
53:New York
69:Ontario
195:. The
171:, the
149:, and
121:, and
101:, and
55:, and
41:Canada
183:and
109:and
31:The
191:in
63:to
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153:.
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27:.
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