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and the cabinet constitutional authority to reject the German emissary's ultimatum to accept the German invasion. Although there were several German attempts to capture or kill the King and the
Norwegian government, they managed to evade these attempts and travelled through Norway's remote interior
1682:
on their lapels to demonstrate their resistance to the German occupiers and their
Norwegian collaborators. A seemingly innocuous item, the paper clip was a symbol of solidarity and unity ("we are bound together"), implying resistance. The wearing of paper clips, the popular
1725:
Nazi authorities (both German and
Norwegian) attempted to pressure school teachers into supporting the regime and its propaganda. Wages were withheld, and on 20 March 1942, 1100 male teachers were arrested, of which 642 were sent to Arctic Norway doing forced labour.
1293:
but these were largely the result of improvised missions by isolated military units and irregular volunteers. The battles slowed the German advance by several days, allowing the
Norwegian government to evade capture and conduct critical constitutional business.
1401:
organisation, which at that time was the world's largest shipping company. It created apprehension among the Nazi leadership that Allied forces might try to recapture Norway with the intention of denying German naval units access to the
1188:'s attempts at claiming the Norwegian government for himself. After Quisling had proclaimed his assumption of the government, several individuals on the Supreme Court took the initiative to establish an Administrative Council (
1706:, and it maintained nationalistic, anti-German feelings in the population at large. It has been suggested that combating the illegal press expended German resources out of proportion to the illegal media's actual effects.
931:
1192:) in an effort to stop him. This became a controversial initiative, in that the legitimate Norwegian government refused to give the council any legal backing, and the German authorities ended up disbanding it.
921:
566:, the German representative in Oslo. The German demand that Norway accept the "protection of the Reich" was rebuffed by Koht and the Norwegian government before dawn had broken on the morning of invasion. "
1709:
Finally, there was the attempt at maintaining an "ice front" against the German soldiers. This involved, among other things, never speaking to a German if it could be avoided (many pretended to speak no
1382:, in cooperation with Polish, French and British forces, launched several counterattacks with moderate success. Allied forces had several successes in Northern Norway, but were redirected for the futile
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1558:
Intelligence gathering within occupied Norway was very much needed for the Allied forces, and several organizations were established for this, the largest and most efficient of which was called
4127:
3480:
1397:, the government contributed to Norwegian forces with the Allied effort and ordered the Norwegian Merchant Fleet to assist in troop transportation. To expedite this ships operated under the
1517:. The Germans attempted to stifle Resistance activities and executed several innocent Norwegian men, women, and children in retaliation after any Resistance act. Probably the worst act of
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had launched an invasion of Norway. Although some of the country's gold reserve had already been removed from Oslo, there were few contingency plans for such an invasion.
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Towards the end of the war, the resistance became more open, with rudimentary military organizations set up in the forests around the larger cities. A number of Nazi
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aided the
Norwegian resistance movement with training and equipment in a series of camps along the Norwegian border. To avoid suspicion, they were camouflaged as
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The
Norwegian government was unprepared and unwilling to capitulate to the ultimatum timed to coincide with the arrival of German troops and delivered by
5793:
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387:
363:
1670:. Coins with the H7 monogram were worn by Norwegian nationalists as jewellery during the occupation, and subsequently confiscated by German authorities.
4012:
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had left the
Norwegian military underfunded and undertrained by the late 1930s. As a result, forces in Southern Norway were largely unprepared for the
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Although some politicians across the political spectrum had advocated strengthening the country's defence capabilities, a longstanding policy of
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Stretching the Rule of Law: How the
Norwegian resistance movement influenced the provisional treason decrees of the exile government, 1944–1945
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591:, where an extraordinary session of parliament was called. In large part because of the presence of mind of the parliament's president
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1722:. The latter was so annoying to the occupying German authorities that it became illegal to stand on a bus if seats were available.
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1481:. The Norwegian resistance also smuggled people in and out of Norway during the war, through Sweden or by fishing boats to
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56:
31:
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During the war years, the resistance movement in occupied Norway had 1433 members killed, of whom 255 were women.
1442:, a number of military operations served to subvert the Nazi authorities and contribute to the larger war effort.
1340:
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1235:
1220:
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3005:
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832:
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1991:
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started out as a small sabotage unit and ended up building a full military force in time for the liberation.
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944:
706:
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463:
1422:
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4779:
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4633:
4526:
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4279:
4167:
3893:
3684:
3275:
3256:
3226:
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2743:
1699:
1548:
1387:
1172:
731:
3747:
1964:
5778:
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5141:
5037:
5007:
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4703:
4668:
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4584:
4482:
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3900:
3358:
2895:
2635:
2621:
2304:
1772:
1552:
1371:
777:
686:
600:
2950:
1571:
1386:. While Northern Norway ultimately fell, efforts there allowed the Norwegian government, including the
1934:
Forsgren, Jan. "Sinking the Beast: The RAF 1944 Lancaster Raids
Against Tirpitz" Fonthill Media, 2017.
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news broadcasts; possession of radios was illegal). The purpose of this was twofold: it counteracted
1282:
1152:
1138:
1015:
888:
787:
96:
1406:, tying up several hundred thousand troops that otherwise might have been deployed to other fronts.
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1112:
1034:
991:
619:
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One of the leading sabotage organisations in Norway during most of World War II was the communist
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5343:
5268:
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4028:
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3412:
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2998:
2865:
1822:
1567:
1439:
1117:
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984:
962:
762:
681:
555:, was largely caught by surprise when it became apparent in the early hours of 9 April 1940 that
544:
532:
528:
447:
325:
5555:
1733:
and officials were killed, and those collaborating with the German or
Quisling authorities were
1494:
792:
1674:
The first mass outbreak of civil disobedience occurred in the autumn of 1940, when students of
1551:
from 1944 to 1945, 1,442 police troops from Sweden would be flown in to assist the Soviets and
603:) that gave full authority to the king and his cabinet until the Storting could convene again.
5850:
5748:
5638:
5501:
5385:
5275:
5215:
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2109:
2095:
2068:
1948:
1807:
1745:
1451:
1427:
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1131:
1124:
812:
245:
1910:
1297:
The British and French began landing on Norwegian soil within a week of the German invasion.
5803:
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5758:
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was a special operations unit that specialised in coastal insertions and combat. There were
1414:
1383:
1145:
1066:
1022:
1010:
977:
873:
721:
573:
Anticipating German efforts to capture the government, the entire Norwegian parliament (the
552:
514:
500:, which was largely disorganised, but succeeded in allowing the government to escape capture
2137:
5670:
5443:
5155:
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5028:
4926:
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4737:
4519:
4510:
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3597:
3193:
2851:
2054:
1995:
1968:
1711:
1703:
1675:
1667:
1563:
1185:
822:
797:
508:
497:
483:
479:
257:
201:
5450:
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4912:
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2058:
1403:
817:
807:
563:
504:
487:
279:
268:
240:
140:
135:
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5261:
3186:
3035:
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2287:
2247:
1817:
1777:
1684:
1570:. One interesting fact was that two of its four leaders were young women, among them
1533:
883:
616:
570:", replied Koht. "We will not submit voluntarily; the struggle is already underway."
320:
310:
151:
146:
1390:, to escape and maintain the legitimate government in exile, as part of the Allies.
1184:
Reserving the constitutional legitimacy of the Norwegian government also undermined
17:
5560:
5364:
3664:
3569:
3200:
2563:
2327:
1578:
1486:
1431:
863:
827:
772:
767:
662:
556:
548:
459:
274:
263:
208:
188:
183:
163:
158:
1555:. In addition to forces brought in from abroad, local troops were also recruited.
2214:"NOU 1998.12: Alta bataljon (aka "The Eitinger Report") – section 11.6.2: Sivorg"
5199:
5185:
4847:
3523:
3344:
3329:
2683:
2017:
1679:
1601:
1506:
1502:
1459:
1310:
1271:
1267:
1205:
1029:
1752:, gives a good account of the activities of the Norwegian resistance movement.
4554:
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3179:
2512:
2440:
1688:
1522:
1398:
1379:
1375:
1005:
868:
752:
711:
607:
580:
330:
234:
2290:
and his involvement in the Norwegian resistance movement in WWII held at the
4817:
4222:
4019:
3830:
3628:
3583:
2600:
1812:
1536:, into Norway to support resistance. In the mid-1980s, it was revealed that
1497:, destroyed ships and supplies. Perhaps its most famous achievements were a
1490:
782:
511:, aimed at securing strategic positions and the evacuation of the government
3104:
899:
2266:
627:
3088:
2816:
1734:
1518:
1482:
575:
522:
518:
62:
2161:
Kampen om kateteret : skolepolitikk og pedagogikk i Norge 1940-1945
2019:
The Man Nobody Knew: In Search of My Father, CIA Spymaster William Colby
525:
raids, assassinations and other special operations during the occupation
5660:
1466:
1455:
588:
2291:
3698:
1782:
1544:. By 1944, some 7,000–8,000 men had been secretly trained in Sweden.
1537:
1510:
1443:
1394:
878:
848:
757:
658:
612:
252:
229:
196:
126:
120:
503:
The more organised military defence and counter-attacks in parts of
1438:
Although Norway did not have any major battles beyond those of the
1281:
There was also spirited defence seen at other locations, including
3886:
2041:
584:
76:
10 June 1940 – 7 May 1945; 4 years, 10 months, 3 weeks, and 6 days
2244:
Special Operations in Norway: SOE and Resistance in World War II
1749:
5591:
2300:
2296:
1465:
Norwegian spotters aided in the destruction of numerous German
903:
631:
2292:
University of Toronto Archives and Records Management Services
1833:
1595:
1304:
1278:, and the invading German army met little initial resistance.
1199:
1528:
To assist with the sabotage campaign, the United States sent
1559:
853:
1418:
Norwegian refugees undergoing military training in Sweden
583:, and cabinet hastily evacuated Oslo by train and car to
1691:) was outlawed and could lead to arrest and punishment.
2958:
Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany
2185:
Norge i krig : fremmedåk og frihetskamp 1940-1945
1694:
Of lesser military importance was the distribution of
2022:(Motion picture). New York City: Act 4 Entertainment
568:
Vi gir oss ikke frivillig, kampen er allerede i gang
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5626:
5319:
5047:
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4713:
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2799:
2652:
2414:
2407:
2042:
Police units in Sweden: Norwegian resistance Page 1
841:
745:
669:
599:managed to pass an emergency measure (known as the
539:
Asserting legitimacy of exiled Norwegian government
2108:(in Norwegian). Oslo: Cappelen. pp. 414–415.
466:in 1940 and ended in 1945. It took several forms:
2231:Baard Herman Borge & Lars-Erik Vaale (2020) "
1374:that had mobilised as a precautionary measure in
61:Soviets meet Norwegians sheltering in a mine in
1718:is now) and refusing to sit beside a German on
478:, and by implication the lack of legitimacy of
41:
5603:
2312:
1947:(s. 39–41), Universitetsforlaget, Oslo 1983,
915:
643:
423:
8:
1714:, though it was then almost as prevalent as
1630:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1339:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1234:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
543:The Norwegian government of Prime Minister
5610:
5596:
5588:
4163:
3222:
2411:
2319:
2305:
2297:
1521:was the assault on the fishing village of
922:
908:
900:
650:
636:
628:
430:
416:
286:
55:
38:
1884:Learn how and when to remove this message
1768:Flight of the Norwegian National Treasury
1650:Learn how and when to remove this message
1359:Learn how and when to remove this message
1254:Learn how and when to remove this message
547:, with the exception of foreign minister
2272:Resistance in Norway during World War II
2016:Carl Colby (director) (September 2011).
1847:This article includes a list of general
1661:
1421:
1413:
1902:
1489:". A number of saboteurs, most notably
338:
289:
27:Resistance to German occupation in WWII
4144:Romanian prisoners in the Soviet Union
2136:Kolseth, Hans Ivar Moss (8 May 2020).
1532:forces, including future CIA director
1509:plant and stockpile of heavy water at
5015:Gilbert and Marshall Islands campaign
4447:Japanese invasion of French Indochina
4093:Italian prisoners in the Soviet Union
4049:Finnish prisoners in the Soviet Union
3154:Rape during the occupation of Germany
1566:, its members were students from the
7:
4137:Polish prisoners in the Soviet Union
3169:Rape during the liberation of France
1628:adding citations to reliable sources
1337:adding citations to reliable sources
1232:adding citations to reliable sources
1698:(often with news items culled from
1687:and similar symbols (red garments,
4363:German invasion of the Netherlands
2643:Weather events during World War II
1853:it lacks sufficient corresponding
25:
4994:Northern Burma and Western Yunnan
2148:from the original on 10 May 2020.
1737:, both during and after the war.
94:German forces surrender in Norway
5554:
2265:
2067:(in Norwegian). Oslo: Cappelen.
1992:"Telavåg-barnas grufulle minner"
1838:
1600:
1372:Several Norwegian military units
1309:
1204:
299:
273:
262:
251:
239:
228:
207:
195:
182:
169:
157:
145:
134:
125:
113:
49:European theatre of World War II
2237:Scandinavian Journal of History
1990:Oddleiv Lygre (26 April 2002).
1803:Norwegian Independent Company 1
717:Martial law in Trondheim (1942)
5619:Resistance during World War II
5241:Vietnamese famine of 1944–1945
2951:Territorial changes of Germany
2859:Indonesian National Revolution
2187:. Oslo: Aschehoug. 1984–1987.
2061:. In Hans Fredrik Dahl (ed.).
1798:Norwegian heavy water sabotage
1788:No. 10 (Inter-Allied) Commando
611:until leaving the country for
1:
5885:Norwegian resistance movement
4641:Japanese invasion of Thailand
4592:Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran
4356:German invasion of Luxembourg
2737:Mediterranean and Middle East
2218:Norges offentlige utredninger
2212:Norwegian government (1998).
4548:Invasion of the Soviet Union
4237:Occupation of Czechoslovakia
3555:Independent State of Croatia
2246:(Bloomsbury Academic, 2019)
1965:"Søndagen dei aldri gløymer"
1911:"War Memories of Devonshire"
5532:End of World War II in Asia
5372:Western invasion of Germany
4879:Chinese famine of 1942–1943
4856:Second Battle of El Alamein
4426:Hundred Regiments Offensive
4398:Battle of the Mediterranean
4251:Italian invasion of Albania
2425:Air warfare of World War II
2256:, New York: Prentice Hall.
2252:Lovell, Stanley P. (1963),
2105:Norsk krigsleksikon 1940-45
2064:Norsk krigsleksikon 1940-45
1742:Norwegian Resistance Museum
1462:, and other coastal areas.
214:Reichskommissariat Norwegen
131:Norwegian resistance groups
5901:
5649:June Uprising in Lithuania
5458:Naval bombardment of Japan
4826:First Battle of El Alamein
4745:Battle of Christmas Island
4690:Japanese invasion of Burma
4454:Italian invasion of Greece
4370:German invasion of Belgium
4342:German invasion of Denmark
4315:1939–1940 Winter Offensive
4184:Second Italo-Ethiopian War
2448:Comparative military ranks
2279:Norway's Resistance Museum
1793:Norway's Resistance Museum
1469:, such as the battleships
32:Nordic Resistance Movement
29:
5627:Anti-communist resistance
5547:
5379:Bratislava–Brno offensive
5310:Dutch famine of 1944–1945
4934:Allied invasion of Sicily
4794:Aleutian Islands campaign
4766:Zhejiang-Jiangxi campaign
4704:Greek famine of 1941–1944
4599:Second Battle of Changsha
4504:German invasion of Greece
4349:Battle of Zaoyang–Yichang
2691:North and Central Pacific
2334:
2159:Birkemo, Asbjørn (2000).
2044:. Accessed April 3, 2010.
1763:Allied campaign in Norway
941:
221:
106:
68:
54:
46:
4971:Allied invasion of Italy
4948:Solomon Islands campaign
4697:Third Battle of Changsha
4294:First Battle of Changsha
4200:Second Sino-Japanese War
3140:German military brothels
3006:United States war crimes
2144:(in Norwegian Nynorsk).
1515:German nuclear programme
1426:The German surrender of
933:Nordic states, 1939–1945
833:Nikolaus von Falkenhorst
551:and minister of defence
30:Not to be confused with
5692:Anti-fascist resistance
5393:Second Guangxi campaign
5248:Philippines (1944–1945)
4752:Battle of the Coral Sea
4655:Fall of the Philippines
4301:Battle of South Guangxi
4207:Battles of Khalkhin Gol
3613:Italian Social Republic
2254:Of Spies and Stratagems
1868:more precise citations.
1525:in the spring of 1942.
496:The initial defence in
492:military administration
4978:Armistice of Cassibile
4780:Battle of Dutch Harbor
4731:Battle of the Java Sea
4634:Attack on Pearl Harbor
4534:Syria–Lebanon campaign
4527:Battle of South Shanxi
4497:Invasion of Yugoslavia
4280:Battle of the Atlantic
3894:Korean Liberation Army
3607:(until September 1943)
3564:(until September 1944)
3542:(until September 1944)
2138:"Krigen frå kateteret"
1671:
1666:The obverse of a 1940
1549:Liberation of Finnmark
1435:
1419:
1388:Norwegian royal family
732:Liberation of Finnmark
222:Commanders and leaders
5142:Second Battle of Guam
5038:Bengal famine of 1943
5008:Second Battle of Kiev
4964:Battle of the Dnieper
4669:Battle of Wake Island
4541:East African campaign
4483:Battle of South Henan
4128:atrocities by Germans
3901:Korean Volunteer Army
2882:Occupation of Germany
2636:Music in World War II
2274:at Wikimedia Commons
1773:Free Norwegian Forces
1665:
1553:Free Norwegian Forces
1542:police training camps
1425:
1417:
778:Carl Gustav Fleischer
687:Elverum Authorization
601:Elverum Authorization
5644:Lithuanian partisans
5428:Surrender of Germany
4906:Battle of West Hubei
4863:Guadalcanal campaign
4833:Battle of Stalingrad
4759:Battle of Madagascar
3533:Albania protectorate
3320:(formerly Swaziland)
3029:Wehrmacht war crimes
2845:Expulsion of Germans
2629:Art and World War II
2527:British contribution
2476:Governments in exile
1624:improve this section
1499:series of operations
1393:While on station in
1333:improve this section
1228:improve this section
1190:Administrasjonsrådet
1113:Kirkenes and Petsamo
1101:Heavy water sabotage
889:Sonderabteilung Lola
788:Jens Christian Hauge
727:Heavy water sabotage
677:Operation Weserübung
464:Operation Weserübung
456:occupation of Norway
444:Norwegian resistance
97:Liberation of Norway
42:Norwegian resistance
18:Norwegian resistance
5727:Bohemia and Moravia
5518:Potsdam Declaration
5407:Italy (Spring 1945)
5170:Liberation of Paris
4627:Siege of Sevastopol
3645:(until August 1944)
3548:Wang Jingwei regime
3370:from September 1943
3330:from September 1944
3268:from September 1944
3128:Romanian war crimes
3119:Persecution of Jews
3105:Croatian war crimes
3075:Japanese war crimes
2889:Occupation of Japan
2838:First Indochina War
2550:Military production
2462:Declarations of war
1915:Royal Navy Memories
452:Motstandsbevegelsen
5654:Estonian partisans
5511:Surrender of Japan
5344:Battle of Iwo Jima
5193:Belgrade offensive
4606:Siege of Leningrad
4490:Battle of Shanggao
4419:British Somaliland
4384:Dunkirk evacuation
4335:Norwegian campaign
4273:Invasion of Poland
4100:Japanese prisoners
3068:Italian war crimes
2999:British war crimes
2914:Soviet occupations
2698:South-West Pacific
2585:Allied cooperation
2543:Military equipment
2248:online book review
2096:Dahl, Hans Fredrik
1943:Kristian Ottosen:
1823:They Raid by Night
1696:illegal newspapers
1672:
1592:Civil disobedience
1572:Anne-Sofie Østvedt
1568:University of Oslo
1440:Norwegian Campaign
1436:
1420:
763:Johan Nygaardsvold
682:Norwegian campaign
545:Johan Nygaardsvold
533:unarmed resistance
529:Civil disobedience
326:Seven Laws of Noah
5872:
5871:
5639:Latvian partisans
5585:
5584:
5543:
5542:
5386:Battle of Okinawa
5285:Burma (1944–1945)
5119:Mariana and Palau
4899:Tunisian campaign
4724:Fall of Singapore
4648:Fall of Hong Kong
4391:Battle of Britain
4244:Operation Himmler
4153:
4152:
3817:Dutch East Indies
3460:Southern Rhodesia
3212:
3211:
3112:Genocide of Serbs
3015:German war crimes
2992:Soviet war crimes
2985:Allied war crimes
2831:Division of Korea
2810:Chinese Civil War
2608:Strategic bombing
2520:Manhattan Project
2270:Media related to
2242:Herrington, Ian.
1894:
1893:
1886:
1808:Operation Archery
1746:Akershus Fortress
1660:
1659:
1652:
1562:. Established by
1485:, nicknamed the "
1428:Akershus Fortress
1384:defense of France
1369:
1368:
1361:
1264:
1263:
1256:
1181:
1180:
897:
896:
758:Crown Prince Olav
517:, in the form of
476:exiled government
440:
439:
293:Among the Nations
285:
284:
246:Winston Churchill
102:
101:
16:(Redirected from
5892:
5612:
5605:
5598:
5589:
5578:
5571:
5564:
5561:World portal
5559:
5558:
5534:
5527:
5520:
5513:
5504:
5497:
5490:
5481:
5474:
5467:
5460:
5453:
5446:
5437:
5430:
5423:
5421:Prague offensive
5416:
5414:Battle of Berlin
5409:
5402:
5395:
5388:
5381:
5374:
5367:
5360:
5358:Vienna offensive
5353:
5346:
5339:
5337:Battle of Manila
5332:
5312:
5303:
5294:
5287:
5278:
5271:
5264:
5257:
5250:
5243:
5236:
5227:
5218:
5211:
5202:
5195:
5188:
5181:
5172:
5165:
5158:
5151:
5144:
5137:
5130:
5121:
5114:
5105:
5096:
5087:
5080:
5078:Korsun–Cherkassy
5073:
5062:
5040:
5031:
5024:
5017:
5010:
5003:
4996:
4989:
4980:
4973:
4966:
4959:
4950:
4943:
4936:
4929:
4922:
4920:Bombing of Gorky
4915:
4908:
4901:
4881:
4874:
4865:
4858:
4851:
4842:
4835:
4828:
4821:
4810:
4803:
4796:
4789:
4787:Battle of Midway
4782:
4775:
4773:Battle of Gazala
4768:
4761:
4754:
4747:
4740:
4733:
4726:
4706:
4699:
4692:
4685:
4683:Battle of Borneo
4678:
4676:Malayan campaign
4671:
4664:
4657:
4650:
4643:
4636:
4629:
4622:
4620:Bombing of Gorky
4615:
4613:Battle of Moscow
4608:
4601:
4594:
4587:
4580:
4573:
4557:
4550:
4543:
4536:
4529:
4522:
4513:
4506:
4499:
4492:
4485:
4465:
4456:
4449:
4442:
4435:
4428:
4421:
4414:
4407:
4400:
4393:
4386:
4379:
4377:Battle of France
4372:
4365:
4358:
4351:
4344:
4337:
4317:
4310:
4303:
4296:
4289:
4282:
4275:
4253:
4246:
4239:
4232:
4230:Munich Agreement
4225:
4218:
4209:
4202:
4195:
4186:
4179:
4164:
4146:
4139:
4130:
4123:
4116:
4115:Soviet prisoners
4109:
4102:
4095:
4086:
4079:
4070:
4063:
4056:
4055:German prisoners
4051:
4031:
4022:
4015:
4008:
4003:
3996:
3989:
3982:
3975:
3968:
3961:
3954:
3947:
3940:
3933:
3926:
3919:
3912:
3903:
3896:
3889:
3882:
3875:
3868:
3861:
3854:
3847:
3840:
3833:
3826:
3819:
3812:
3805:
3798:
3791:
3784:
3777:
3757:
3750:
3743:
3736:
3729:
3722:
3715:
3708:
3701:
3694:
3687:
3667:
3660:
3653:
3646:
3638:
3631:
3624:
3615:
3608:
3600:
3593:
3591:French Indochina
3586:
3579:
3572:
3565:
3557:
3550:
3543:
3535:
3515:
3506:
3499:
3490:
3483:
3476:
3469:
3462:
3455:
3448:
3441:
3438:from August 1944
3429:
3422:
3415:
3408:
3401:
3394:
3387:
3380:
3373:
3361:
3354:
3347:
3340:
3333:
3321:
3313:
3306:
3299:
3292:
3285:
3278:
3271:
3259:
3252:
3245:
3238:
3223:
3203:
3196:
3189:
3182:
3175:
3164:
3149:
3142:
3135:
3130:
3121:
3114:
3107:
3098:
3091:
3084:
3082:Nanjing Massacre
3077:
3070:
3061:
3059:Nuremberg trials
3052:
3045:
3038:
3031:
3024:
3017:
3008:
3001:
2994:
2987:
2967:
2960:
2953:
2944:
2937:
2930:
2923:
2916:
2909:
2900:
2891:
2884:
2877:
2870:
2861:
2854:
2847:
2840:
2833:
2826:
2819:
2812:
2792:
2783:
2776:
2769:
2760:
2753:
2746:
2739:
2730:
2723:
2716:
2707:
2700:
2693:
2686:
2679:
2672:
2665:
2663:Asia and Pacific
2645:
2638:
2631:
2624:
2617:
2610:
2603:
2594:
2592:Mulberry harbour
2587:
2580:
2573:
2566:
2559:
2552:
2545:
2538:
2529:
2522:
2515:
2506:
2499:
2492:
2485:
2478:
2471:
2464:
2457:
2450:
2443:
2434:
2427:
2412:
2400:
2393:
2384:
2377:
2370:
2363:
2356:
2349:
2342:
2321:
2314:
2307:
2298:
2269:
2221:
2199:
2198:
2181:
2175:
2174:
2163:. Oslo: Unipub.
2156:
2150:
2149:
2133:
2127:
2126:
2124:
2122:
2092:
2086:
2085:
2083:
2081:
2059:"Osvald-gruppen"
2055:Borgersrud, Lars
2051:
2045:
2038:
2032:
2031:
2029:
2027:
2013:
2007:
2006:
2004:
2002:
1994:(in Norwegian).
1987:
1981:
1980:
1978:
1976:
1967:(in Norwegian).
1961:
1955:
1941:
1935:
1932:
1926:
1925:
1923:
1922:
1907:
1889:
1882:
1878:
1875:
1869:
1864:this article by
1855:inline citations
1842:
1841:
1834:
1720:public transport
1655:
1648:
1644:
1641:
1635:
1604:
1596:
1513:, crippling the
1410:Armed resistance
1364:
1357:
1353:
1350:
1344:
1313:
1305:
1259:
1252:
1248:
1245:
1239:
1208:
1200:
1168:Petsamo–Kirkenes
1011:Continuation War
936:
934:
924:
917:
910:
901:
874:Nasjonal Samling
722:Festung Norwegen
652:
645:
638:
629:
553:Birger Ljungberg
515:Armed resistance
432:
425:
418:
316:Rescuers of Jews
303:
287:
278:
277:
267:
266:
256:
255:
244:
243:
233:
232:
212:
211:
200:
199:
187:
186:
174:
173:
172:
162:
161:
150:
149:
139:
138:
130:
129:
119:
117:
116:
70:
69:
59:
39:
21:
5900:
5899:
5895:
5894:
5893:
5891:
5890:
5889:
5875:
5874:
5873:
5868:
5857:
5723:Czechoslovakia
5719:Channel Islands
5687:
5671:Cursed soldiers
5622:
5616:
5586:
5581:
5574:
5567:
5553:
5551:
5539:
5530:
5523:
5516:
5509:
5500:
5493:
5486:
5477:
5472:Atomic bombings
5470:
5463:
5456:
5449:
5442:
5433:
5426:
5419:
5412:
5405:
5398:
5391:
5384:
5377:
5370:
5363:
5356:
5349:
5342:
5335:
5328:
5315:
5308:
5297:
5290:
5283:
5274:
5267:
5260:
5253:
5246:
5239:
5230:
5221:
5214:
5205:
5198:
5191:
5184:
5175:
5168:
5163:Eastern Romania
5161:
5156:Warsaw Uprising
5154:
5149:Tannenberg Line
5147:
5140:
5135:Western Ukraine
5133:
5124:
5117:
5108:
5099:
5090:
5083:
5076:
5065:
5056:
5043:
5036:
5027:
5020:
5013:
5006:
4999:
4992:
4985:
4976:
4969:
4962:
4953:
4946:
4939:
4932:
4927:Battle of Kursk
4925:
4918:
4911:
4904:
4897:
4884:
4877:
4868:
4861:
4854:
4845:
4838:
4831:
4824:
4815:
4806:
4799:
4792:
4785:
4778:
4771:
4764:
4757:
4750:
4743:
4738:St Nazaire Raid
4736:
4729:
4722:
4709:
4702:
4695:
4688:
4681:
4674:
4667:
4660:
4653:
4646:
4639:
4632:
4625:
4618:
4611:
4604:
4597:
4590:
4583:
4576:
4562:
4553:
4546:
4539:
4532:
4525:
4520:Anglo-Iraqi War
4518:
4511:Battle of Crete
4509:
4502:
4495:
4488:
4481:
4468:
4459:
4452:
4445:
4440:Eastern Romania
4438:
4431:
4424:
4417:
4410:
4403:
4396:
4389:
4382:
4375:
4368:
4361:
4354:
4347:
4340:
4333:
4320:
4313:
4306:
4299:
4292:
4285:
4278:
4271:
4258:
4249:
4242:
4235:
4228:
4221:
4214:
4205:
4198:
4191:
4182:
4175:
4149:
4142:
4135:
4126:
4119:
4114:
4105:
4098:
4091:
4082:
4075:
4066:
4059:
4054:
4047:
4034:
4027:
4018:
4011:
4006:
4001:Western Ukraine
3999:
3992:
3985:
3978:
3971:
3964:
3957:
3950:
3945:Northeast China
3943:
3936:
3929:
3922:
3915:
3908:
3899:
3892:
3885:
3878:
3871:
3864:
3857:
3850:
3843:
3836:
3829:
3822:
3815:
3808:
3801:
3794:
3787:
3780:
3773:
3760:
3753:
3746:
3739:
3732:
3725:
3718:
3711:
3704:
3697:
3690:
3683:
3670:
3663:
3656:
3651:Slovak Republic
3649:
3641:
3634:
3627:
3622:Empire of Japan
3620:
3611:
3603:
3596:
3589:
3582:
3575:
3568:
3560:
3553:
3546:
3538:
3531:
3518:
3511:
3502:
3495:
3486:
3479:
3472:
3465:
3458:
3451:
3444:
3432:
3425:
3418:
3411:
3404:
3397:
3390:
3383:
3376:
3364:
3357:
3350:
3343:
3336:
3324:
3316:
3309:
3302:
3295:
3288:
3281:
3274:
3262:
3255:
3248:
3241:
3234:
3208:
3199:
3192:
3185:
3178:
3167:
3152:
3145:
3138:
3134:Sexual violence
3133:
3126:
3117:
3110:
3103:
3094:
3087:
3080:
3073:
3066:
3057:
3048:
3041:
3034:
3027:
3020:
3013:
3004:
2997:
2990:
2983:
2970:
2963:
2956:
2949:
2940:
2933:
2926:
2919:
2912:
2903:
2894:
2887:
2880:
2873:
2864:
2857:
2852:Greek Civil War
2850:
2843:
2836:
2829:
2822:
2815:
2808:
2795:
2788:
2779:
2772:
2765:
2756:
2749:
2742:
2735:
2726:
2719:
2712:
2703:
2696:
2689:
2682:
2677:South-East Asia
2675:
2668:
2661:
2648:
2641:
2634:
2627:
2620:
2613:
2606:
2599:
2590:
2583:
2576:
2569:
2562:
2555:
2548:
2541:
2536:Military awards
2534:
2525:
2518:
2511:
2502:
2495:
2488:
2481:
2474:
2467:
2460:
2453:
2446:
2439:
2430:
2423:
2403:
2396:
2389:
2380:
2373:
2366:
2361:
2352:
2345:
2338:
2330:
2325:
2284:Archival papers
2263:
2228:
2226:Further reading
2220:(in Norwegian).
2211:
2208:
2203:
2202:
2195:
2183:
2182:
2178:
2171:
2158:
2157:
2153:
2135:
2134:
2130:
2120:
2118:
2116:
2094:
2093:
2089:
2079:
2077:
2075:
2053:
2052:
2048:
2039:
2035:
2025:
2023:
2015:
2014:
2010:
2000:
1998:
1996:Bergens Tidende
1989:
1988:
1984:
1974:
1972:
1971:. 26 April 2002
1969:Bergens Tidende
1963:
1962:
1958:
1942:
1938:
1933:
1929:
1920:
1918:
1909:
1908:
1904:
1899:
1890:
1879:
1873:
1870:
1860:Please help to
1859:
1843:
1839:
1832:
1827:
1758:
1704:Nazi propaganda
1676:Oslo University
1668:Norwegian krone
1656:
1645:
1639:
1636:
1621:
1605:
1594:
1564:Arvid Storsveen
1495:Gunnar Sønsteby
1434:on 11 May 1945.
1412:
1376:Northern Norway
1365:
1354:
1348:
1345:
1330:
1314:
1303:
1301:Counter-attacks
1276:German invasion
1260:
1249:
1243:
1240:
1225:
1209:
1198:
1196:Initial defence
1186:Vidkun Quisling
1182:
1177:
973:(Faroe Islands)
937:
932:
930:
928:
898:
893:
837:
823:Wilhelm Rediess
798:Vidkun Quisling
793:Gunnar Sønsteby
741:
665:
656:
615:on the British
608:King Haakon VII
587:and then on to
541:
509:Northern Norway
498:Southern Norway
484:pro-Nazi regime
480:Vidkun Quisling
436:
292:
272:
271:
261:
260:
258:Vidkun Quisling
250:
238:
237:
227:
206:
202:Quisling regime
194:
181:
170:
168:
167:
156:
155:
144:
143:
133:
132:
124:
123:
114:
112:
95:
86:
60:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5898:
5896:
5888:
5887:
5877:
5876:
5870:
5869:
5867:
5866:
5861:
5856:
5855:
5854:
5853:
5848:
5843:
5833:
5832:
5831:
5830:
5829:
5824:
5816:
5811:
5801:
5796:
5791:
5786:
5781:
5776:
5771:
5766:
5761:
5756:
5751:
5746:
5741:
5736:
5735:
5734:
5729:
5721:
5716:
5711:
5706:
5701:
5695:
5693:
5689:
5688:
5686:
5685:
5680:
5675:
5674:
5673:
5663:
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5656:
5651:
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5630:
5628:
5624:
5623:
5617:
5615:
5614:
5607:
5600:
5592:
5583:
5582:
5580:
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5572:
5565:
5548:
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5544:
5541:
5540:
5538:
5537:
5536:
5535:
5528:
5521:
5507:
5506:
5505:
5491:
5488:South Sakhalin
5484:
5483:
5482:
5468:
5461:
5454:
5447:
5440:
5439:
5438:
5424:
5417:
5410:
5403:
5396:
5389:
5382:
5375:
5368:
5361:
5354:
5347:
5340:
5333:
5325:
5323:
5317:
5316:
5314:
5313:
5306:
5305:
5304:
5288:
5281:
5280:
5279:
5265:
5258:
5251:
5244:
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5228:
5219:
5212:
5203:
5196:
5189:
5182:
5173:
5166:
5159:
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5145:
5138:
5131:
5122:
5115:
5106:
5097:
5088:
5081:
5074:
5063:
5053:
5051:
5045:
5044:
5042:
5041:
5034:
5033:
5032:
5025:
5011:
5004:
4997:
4990:
4983:
4982:
4981:
4967:
4960:
4951:
4944:
4937:
4930:
4923:
4916:
4913:Battle of Attu
4909:
4902:
4894:
4892:
4886:
4885:
4883:
4882:
4875:
4866:
4859:
4852:
4843:
4836:
4829:
4822:
4813:
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4811:
4804:
4790:
4783:
4776:
4769:
4762:
4755:
4748:
4741:
4734:
4727:
4719:
4717:
4711:
4710:
4708:
4707:
4700:
4693:
4686:
4679:
4672:
4665:
4662:Battle of Guam
4658:
4651:
4644:
4637:
4630:
4623:
4616:
4609:
4602:
4595:
4588:
4585:Battle of Kiev
4581:
4574:
4560:
4559:
4558:
4544:
4537:
4530:
4523:
4516:
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4514:
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4260:
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4140:
4133:
4132:
4131:
4124:
4112:
4111:
4110:
4096:
4089:
4088:
4087:
4084:United Kingdom
4080:
4073:
4072:
4071:
4052:
4044:
4042:
4036:
4035:
4033:
4032:
4025:
4024:
4023:
4016:
4004:
3997:
3990:
3983:
3976:
3969:
3962:
3955:
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3934:
3927:
3920:
3913:
3906:
3905:
3904:
3897:
3883:
3876:
3869:
3862:
3855:
3848:
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3834:
3827:
3820:
3813:
3806:
3799:
3792:
3785:
3778:
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3625:
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3601:
3594:
3587:
3580:
3573:
3566:
3558:
3551:
3544:
3536:
3528:
3526:
3520:
3519:
3517:
3516:
3509:
3508:
3507:
3493:
3492:
3491:
3488:British Empire
3481:United Kingdom
3477:
3470:
3463:
3456:
3449:
3442:
3430:
3423:
3416:
3409:
3402:
3395:
3388:
3381:
3374:
3362:
3355:
3348:
3341:
3334:
3322:
3314:
3307:
3300:
3297:Czechoslovakia
3293:
3286:
3279:
3272:
3260:
3253:
3246:
3239:
3231:
3229:
3220:
3214:
3213:
3210:
3209:
3207:
3206:
3205:
3204:
3197:
3194:Rape of Manila
3190:
3183:
3176:
3165:
3150:
3143:
3131:
3124:
3123:
3122:
3115:
3101:
3100:
3099:
3092:
3085:
3071:
3064:
3063:
3062:
3055:
3054:
3053:
3046:
3032:
3025:
3011:
3010:
3009:
3002:
2995:
2980:
2978:
2972:
2971:
2969:
2968:
2965:United Nations
2961:
2954:
2947:
2946:
2945:
2938:
2931:
2924:
2910:
2901:
2892:
2885:
2878:
2871:
2862:
2855:
2848:
2841:
2834:
2827:
2824:Decolonization
2820:
2813:
2805:
2803:
2797:
2796:
2794:
2793:
2786:
2785:
2784:
2770:
2763:
2762:
2761:
2754:
2747:
2733:
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2731:
2724:
2710:
2709:
2708:
2701:
2694:
2687:
2680:
2673:
2658:
2656:
2650:
2649:
2647:
2646:
2639:
2632:
2625:
2618:
2611:
2604:
2597:
2596:
2595:
2588:
2574:
2567:
2560:
2553:
2546:
2539:
2532:
2531:
2530:
2516:
2509:
2508:
2507:
2500:
2497:United Kingdom
2493:
2479:
2472:
2465:
2458:
2451:
2444:
2437:
2436:
2435:
2420:
2418:
2409:
2405:
2404:
2402:
2401:
2394:
2387:
2386:
2385:
2378:
2371:
2359:
2358:
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2343:
2335:
2332:
2331:
2326:
2324:
2323:
2316:
2309:
2301:
2295:
2294:
2281:
2262:
2261:External links
2259:
2258:
2257:
2250:
2240:
2227:
2224:
2223:
2222:
2207:
2204:
2201:
2200:
2193:
2176:
2169:
2151:
2128:
2114:
2098:, ed. (1995).
2087:
2073:
2046:
2040:Monsen, Kurt.
2033:
2008:
1982:
1956:
1936:
1927:
1901:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1892:
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1800:
1795:
1790:
1785:
1780:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1759:
1757:
1754:
1678:began to wear
1658:
1657:
1608:
1606:
1599:
1593:
1590:
1452:repeated raids
1411:
1408:
1404:North Atlantic
1367:
1366:
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1308:
1302:
1299:
1262:
1261:
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866:
861:
856:
851:
845:
843:
839:
838:
836:
835:
830:
825:
820:
818:Josef Terboven
815:
813:Sverre Riisnæs
810:
808:Gulbrand Lunde
805:
800:
795:
790:
785:
780:
775:
770:
765:
760:
755:
749:
747:
743:
742:
740:
739:
737:Post-war purge
734:
729:
724:
719:
714:
709:
704:
699:
694:
689:
684:
679:
673:
671:
667:
666:
657:
655:
654:
647:
640:
632:
540:
537:
536:
535:
526:
512:
501:
494:
488:Josef Terboven
470:Asserting the
438:
437:
435:
434:
427:
420:
412:
409:
408:
407:
406:
401:
396:
391:
381:
376:
371:
366:
361:
356:
351:
343:
342:
336:
335:
334:
333:
328:
323:
318:
313:
305:
304:
296:
295:
283:
282:
269:Josef Terboven
248:
224:
223:
219:
218:
217:
216:
204:
178:
141:United Kingdom
109:
108:
104:
103:
100:
99:
92:
88:
87:
84:
82:
78:
77:
74:
66:
65:
52:
51:
44:
43:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5897:
5886:
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5880:
5865:
5862:
5859:
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5842:
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5807:
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5802:
5800:
5797:
5795:
5792:
5790:
5787:
5785:
5782:
5780:
5777:
5775:
5772:
5770:
5767:
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5762:
5760:
5757:
5755:
5752:
5750:
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5740:
5737:
5733:
5730:
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5712:
5710:
5707:
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5672:
5669:
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5664:
5662:
5659:
5655:
5652:
5650:
5647:
5645:
5642:
5640:
5637:
5636:
5635:
5634:Baltic States
5632:
5631:
5629:
5625:
5620:
5613:
5608:
5606:
5601:
5599:
5594:
5593:
5590:
5577:
5573:
5570:
5566:
5563:
5562:
5557:
5550:
5549:
5546:
5533:
5529:
5526:
5522:
5519:
5515:
5514:
5512:
5508:
5503:
5499:
5498:
5496:
5495:Kuril Islands
5492:
5489:
5485:
5480:
5476:
5475:
5473:
5469:
5466:
5462:
5459:
5455:
5452:
5448:
5445:
5441:
5436:
5432:
5431:
5429:
5425:
5422:
5418:
5415:
5411:
5408:
5404:
5401:
5397:
5394:
5390:
5387:
5383:
5380:
5376:
5373:
5369:
5366:
5362:
5359:
5355:
5352:
5348:
5345:
5341:
5338:
5334:
5331:
5327:
5326:
5324:
5322:
5318:
5311:
5307:
5302:
5301:
5296:
5295:
5293:
5289:
5286:
5282:
5277:
5273:
5272:
5270:
5266:
5263:
5262:Syrmian Front
5259:
5256:
5252:
5249:
5245:
5242:
5238:
5235:
5234:
5229:
5226:
5225:
5220:
5217:
5213:
5210:
5209:
5208:Market Garden
5204:
5201:
5197:
5194:
5190:
5187:
5183:
5180:
5179:
5174:
5171:
5167:
5164:
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5143:
5139:
5136:
5132:
5129:
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5123:
5120:
5116:
5113:
5112:
5107:
5104:
5103:
5098:
5095:
5094:
5089:
5086:
5082:
5079:
5075:
5072:
5068:
5067:Monte Cassino
5064:
5061:
5060:
5055:
5054:
5052:
5050:
5046:
5039:
5035:
5030:
5026:
5023:
5019:
5018:
5016:
5012:
5009:
5005:
5002:
4998:
4995:
4991:
4988:
4984:
4979:
4975:
4974:
4972:
4968:
4965:
4961:
4958:
4957:
4952:
4949:
4945:
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4935:
4931:
4928:
4924:
4921:
4917:
4914:
4910:
4907:
4903:
4900:
4896:
4895:
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4887:
4880:
4876:
4873:
4872:
4867:
4864:
4860:
4857:
4853:
4850:
4849:
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4841:
4837:
4834:
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4827:
4823:
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4814:
4809:
4805:
4802:
4798:
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4795:
4791:
4788:
4784:
4781:
4777:
4774:
4770:
4767:
4763:
4760:
4756:
4753:
4749:
4746:
4742:
4739:
4735:
4732:
4728:
4725:
4721:
4720:
4718:
4716:
4712:
4705:
4701:
4698:
4694:
4691:
4687:
4684:
4680:
4677:
4673:
4670:
4666:
4663:
4659:
4656:
4652:
4649:
4645:
4642:
4638:
4635:
4631:
4628:
4624:
4621:
4617:
4614:
4610:
4607:
4603:
4600:
4596:
4593:
4589:
4586:
4582:
4579:
4575:
4571:
4570:
4565:
4561:
4556:
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4549:
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4505:
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4498:
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4475:
4471:
4464:
4463:
4458:
4455:
4451:
4448:
4444:
4441:
4437:
4434:
4433:Baltic states
4430:
4427:
4423:
4420:
4416:
4413:
4409:
4406:
4402:
4399:
4395:
4392:
4388:
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4381:
4378:
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4371:
4367:
4364:
4360:
4357:
4353:
4350:
4346:
4343:
4339:
4336:
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4331:
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4316:
4312:
4309:
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4265:
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4227:
4224:
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4213:
4208:
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4160:
4156:
4145:
4141:
4138:
4134:
4129:
4125:
4122:
4118:
4117:
4113:
4108:
4104:
4103:
4101:
4097:
4094:
4090:
4085:
4081:
4078:
4077:United States
4074:
4069:
4065:
4064:
4062:
4058:
4057:
4053:
4050:
4046:
4045:
4043:
4041:
4037:
4030:
4026:
4021:
4017:
4014:
4013:Quốc dân Đảng
4010:
4009:
4005:
4002:
3998:
3995:
3991:
3988:
3984:
3981:
3977:
3974:
3970:
3967:
3963:
3960:
3956:
3953:
3949:
3946:
3942:
3939:
3935:
3932:
3928:
3925:
3921:
3918:
3914:
3911:
3907:
3902:
3898:
3895:
3891:
3890:
3888:
3884:
3881:
3877:
3874:
3870:
3867:
3863:
3860:
3856:
3853:
3849:
3846:
3842:
3839:
3835:
3832:
3828:
3825:
3821:
3818:
3814:
3811:
3807:
3804:
3800:
3797:
3793:
3790:
3786:
3783:
3779:
3776:
3772:
3771:
3769:
3767:
3763:
3756:
3752:
3749:
3745:
3742:
3738:
3735:
3731:
3728:
3724:
3721:
3717:
3714:
3713:Liechtenstein
3710:
3707:
3703:
3700:
3696:
3693:
3689:
3686:
3682:
3681:
3679:
3677:
3673:
3666:
3662:
3659:
3655:
3652:
3648:
3644:
3640:
3637:
3633:
3630:
3626:
3623:
3619:
3614:
3610:
3609:
3606:
3602:
3599:
3595:
3592:
3588:
3585:
3581:
3578:
3574:
3571:
3567:
3563:
3559:
3556:
3552:
3549:
3545:
3541:
3537:
3534:
3530:
3529:
3527:
3525:
3521:
3514:
3510:
3505:
3501:
3500:
3498:
3497:United States
3494:
3489:
3485:
3484:
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3379:
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3363:
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3349:
3346:
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3339:
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3331:
3327:
3323:
3319:
3315:
3312:
3308:
3305:
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3298:
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3291:
3287:
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3261:
3258:
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3251:
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3237:
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3232:
3230:
3228:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3215:
3202:
3198:
3195:
3191:
3188:
3187:Comfort women
3184:
3181:
3177:
3174:
3171: /
3170:
3166:
3163:
3160: /
3159:
3156: /
3155:
3151:
3148:
3147:Camp brothels
3144:
3141:
3137:
3136:
3132:
3129:
3125:
3120:
3116:
3113:
3109:
3108:
3106:
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3097:
3093:
3090:
3086:
3083:
3079:
3078:
3076:
3072:
3069:
3065:
3060:
3056:
3051:
3047:
3044:
3040:
3039:
3037:
3036:The Holocaust
3033:
3030:
3026:
3023:
3022:forced labour
3019:
3018:
3016:
3012:
3007:
3003:
3000:
2996:
2993:
2989:
2988:
2986:
2982:
2981:
2979:
2977:
2973:
2966:
2962:
2959:
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2948:
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2925:
2922:
2918:
2917:
2915:
2911:
2908:
2907:
2902:
2899:
2898:
2893:
2890:
2886:
2883:
2879:
2876:
2875:Marshall Plan
2872:
2869:
2868:
2863:
2860:
2856:
2853:
2849:
2846:
2842:
2839:
2835:
2832:
2828:
2825:
2821:
2818:
2814:
2811:
2807:
2806:
2804:
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2798:
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2777:
2775:
2771:
2768:
2764:
2759:
2755:
2752:
2748:
2745:
2741:
2740:
2738:
2734:
2729:
2728:Eastern Front
2725:
2722:
2721:Western Front
2718:
2717:
2715:
2711:
2706:
2702:
2699:
2695:
2692:
2688:
2685:
2681:
2678:
2674:
2671:
2667:
2666:
2664:
2660:
2659:
2657:
2655:
2651:
2644:
2640:
2637:
2633:
2630:
2626:
2623:
2619:
2616:
2615:Puppet states
2612:
2609:
2605:
2602:
2598:
2593:
2589:
2586:
2582:
2581:
2579:
2575:
2572:
2568:
2565:
2561:
2558:
2557:Naval history
2554:
2551:
2547:
2544:
2540:
2537:
2533:
2528:
2524:
2523:
2521:
2517:
2514:
2510:
2505:
2504:United States
2501:
2498:
2494:
2491:
2487:
2486:
2484:
2480:
2477:
2473:
2470:
2466:
2463:
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2355:
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2344:
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2333:
2329:
2322:
2317:
2315:
2310:
2308:
2303:
2302:
2299:
2293:
2289:
2288:Christian Bay
2285:
2282:
2280:
2277:
2276:
2275:
2273:
2268:
2260:
2255:
2251:
2249:
2245:
2241:
2238:
2234:
2230:
2229:
2225:
2219:
2215:
2210:
2209:
2205:
2196:
2190:
2186:
2180:
2177:
2172:
2166:
2162:
2155:
2152:
2147:
2143:
2139:
2132:
2129:
2117:
2111:
2107:
2106:
2101:
2097:
2091:
2088:
2076:
2074:82-02-14138-9
2070:
2066:
2065:
2060:
2056:
2050:
2047:
2043:
2037:
2034:
2021:
2020:
2012:
2009:
1997:
1993:
1986:
1983:
1970:
1966:
1960:
1957:
1954:
1953:82-00-06823-4
1950:
1946:
1940:
1937:
1931:
1928:
1916:
1912:
1906:
1903:
1896:
1888:
1885:
1877:
1867:
1863:
1857:
1856:
1850:
1845:
1836:
1835:
1829:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1818:Tarnschriften
1816:
1814:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1804:
1801:
1799:
1796:
1794:
1791:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1778:H7 (monogram)
1776:
1774:
1771:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1760:
1755:
1753:
1751:
1747:
1743:
1738:
1736:
1732:
1731:collaborators
1727:
1723:
1721:
1717:
1713:
1707:
1705:
1701:
1697:
1692:
1690:
1686:
1681:
1677:
1669:
1664:
1654:
1651:
1643:
1640:December 2018
1633:
1629:
1625:
1619:
1618:
1614:
1609:This section
1607:
1603:
1598:
1597:
1591:
1589:
1586:
1584:
1583:Asbjørn Sunde
1580:
1575:
1573:
1569:
1565:
1561:
1556:
1554:
1550:
1545:
1543:
1539:
1535:
1534:William Colby
1531:
1526:
1524:
1520:
1516:
1512:
1508:
1504:
1500:
1496:
1492:
1488:
1484:
1480:
1479:
1474:
1473:
1468:
1463:
1461:
1457:
1453:
1449:
1448:Company Linge
1445:
1441:
1433:
1429:
1424:
1416:
1409:
1407:
1405:
1400:
1396:
1391:
1389:
1385:
1381:
1377:
1373:
1363:
1360:
1352:
1349:December 2018
1342:
1338:
1334:
1328:
1327:
1323:
1318:This section
1316:
1312:
1307:
1306:
1300:
1298:
1295:
1292:
1288:
1284:
1279:
1277:
1273:
1269:
1258:
1255:
1247:
1244:December 2018
1237:
1233:
1229:
1223:
1222:
1218:
1213:This section
1211:
1207:
1202:
1201:
1195:
1193:
1191:
1187:
1174:
1171:
1169:
1166:
1164:
1163:
1158:
1156:
1155:
1151:
1149:
1148:
1144:
1142:
1141:
1137:
1135:
1134:
1130:
1128:
1127:
1123:
1121:
1120:
1116:
1114:
1111:
1109:
1108:
1104:
1102:
1099:
1097:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1085:
1083:
1080:
1079:
1078:
1077:
1073:
1071:
1069:
1065:
1064:
1063:
1062:
1061:
1054:
1053:
1049:
1048:
1047:
1046:
1045:
1038:
1037:
1033:
1031:
1028:
1026:
1025:
1021:
1019:
1018:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1007:
1004:
1003:
1002:
1001:
1000:
993:
990:
986:
983:
982:
981:
980:
976:
974:
972:
968:
964:
961:
959:
956:
955:
954:
953:
949:
948:
947:
946:
940:
935:
925:
920:
918:
913:
911:
906:
905:
902:
890:
887:
885:
884:Statspolitiet
882:
880:
877:
875:
872:
870:
867:
865:
862:
860:
857:
855:
852:
850:
847:
846:
844:
842:Organizations
840:
834:
831:
829:
826:
824:
821:
819:
816:
814:
811:
809:
806:
804:
801:
799:
796:
794:
791:
789:
786:
784:
781:
779:
776:
774:
771:
769:
766:
764:
761:
759:
756:
754:
751:
750:
748:
744:
738:
735:
733:
730:
728:
725:
723:
720:
718:
715:
713:
710:
708:
707:The Holocaust
705:
703:
700:
698:
695:
693:
690:
688:
685:
683:
680:
678:
675:
674:
672:
668:
664:
660:
653:
648:
646:
641:
639:
634:
633:
630:
626:
624:
623:
618:
617:heavy cruiser
614:
609:
604:
602:
598:
594:
590:
586:
582:
578:
577:
571:
569:
565:
560:
558:
554:
550:
546:
538:
534:
530:
527:
524:
520:
516:
513:
510:
506:
502:
499:
495:
493:
489:
485:
481:
477:
473:
469:
468:
467:
465:
461:
457:
453:
449:
445:
433:
428:
426:
421:
419:
414:
413:
411:
410:
405:
402:
400:
397:
395:
392:
389:
385:
382:
380:
377:
375:
372:
370:
367:
365:
362:
360:
357:
355:
352:
350:
347:
346:
345:
344:
341:
337:
332:
329:
327:
324:
322:
321:Righteousness
319:
317:
314:
312:
311:The Holocaust
309:
308:
307:
306:
302:
298:
297:
294:
288:
281:
276:
270:
265:
259:
254:
249:
247:
242:
236:
231:
226:
225:
220:
215:
210:
205:
203:
198:
193:
192:
191:
190:
185:
179:
177:
165:
160:
153:
152:United States
148:
142:
137:
128:
122:
111:
110:
105:
98:
93:
90:
89:
83:
80:
79:
75:
72:
71:
67:
64:
58:
53:
50:
45:
40:
37:
33:
19:
5804:Soviet Union
5788:
5569:Bibliography
5552:
5365:Project Hula
5330:Vistula–Oder
5299:
5232:
5223:
5207:
5177:
5126:
5110:
5101:
5092:
5058:
4955:
4870:
4846:
4816:
4567:
4460:
4405:North Africa
4107:Soviet Union
4061:Soviet Union
3987:Soviet Union
3951:
3755:Vatican City
3665:Vichy France
3570:German Reich
3467:Soviet Union
3453:South Africa
3446:Sierra Leone
3399:Newfoundland
3218:Participants
3201:Marocchinate
2905:
2896:
2866:
2744:North Africa
2705:Indian Ocean
2564:Nazi plunder
2455:Cryptography
2328:World War II
2264:
2253:
2243:
2236:
2217:
2206:Bibliography
2184:
2179:
2160:
2154:
2141:
2131:
2119:. Retrieved
2103:
2090:
2080:15 September
2078:. Retrieved
2062:
2049:
2036:
2024:. Retrieved
2018:
2011:
1999:. Retrieved
1985:
1973:. Retrieved
1959:
1944:
1939:
1930:
1919:. Retrieved
1917:. 2009-07-02
1914:
1905:
1880:
1871:
1852:
1739:
1728:
1724:
1708:
1693:
1673:
1646:
1637:
1622:Please help
1610:
1587:
1579:Osvald Group
1576:
1557:
1546:
1527:
1487:Shetland bus
1477:
1471:
1464:
1437:
1432:Terje Rollem
1392:
1370:
1355:
1346:
1331:Please help
1319:
1296:
1280:
1265:
1250:
1241:
1226:Please help
1214:
1189:
1183:
1161:
1153:
1146:
1139:
1132:
1125:
1118:
1106:
1094:
1075:
1067:
1058:
1057:
1051:
1042:
1041:
1035:
1023:
1016:
997:
996:
978:
970:
951:
943:
864:Osvald Group
828:Henry Rinnan
773:C. J. Hambro
768:Halvdan Koht
696:
663:World War II
621:
605:
596:
593:C. J. Hambro
581:royal family
574:
572:
567:
561:
557:Nazi Germany
549:Halvdan Koht
542:
462:began after
460:Nazi Germany
451:
443:
441:
189:Nazi Germany
180:
164:Soviet Union
107:Belligerents
36:
5784:Netherlands
5300:Bodenplatte
5186:Gothic Line
4412:West Africa
3959:Philippines
3938:Netherlands
3803:Czech lands
3741:Switzerland
3685:Afghanistan
3636:Philippines
3504:Puerto Rico
3420:Philippines
3406:New Zealand
3392:Netherlands
3345:Free France
3096:Prosecution
2897:Osoaviakhim
2767:West Africa
2751:East Africa
2398:Conferences
2026:October 12,
1945:Theta theta
1866:introducing
1689:Bobble hats
1685:H7 monogram
1680:paper clips
1547:During the
1507:heavy water
1503:Norsk Hydro
1501:to destroy
1378:during the
1272:World War I
1268:disarmament
1160:Attacks on
1030:Lapland War
564:Curt Bräuer
280:Franz Böhme
166:(from 1944)
154:(from 1941)
5836:Yugoslavia
5779:Luxembourg
5621:by country
5400:West Hunan
5233:Pointblank
4569:Silver Fox
4555:Summer War
4308:Winter War
4287:Phoney War
4068:Azerbaijan
4029:Yugoslavia
3924:Luxembourg
3766:Resistance
3513:Yugoslavia
3378:Luxembourg
3180:Sook Ching
2976:War crimes
2578:Technology
2571:Opposition
2513:Lend-Lease
2490:Australian
2483:Home front
2441:Blitzkrieg
2391:Casualties
2382:Commanders
2354:Operations
2194:8203111440
2170:8274770439
2115:8202141389
1921:2017-01-15
1849:references
1830:References
1735:ostracized
1399:Nortraship
1380:Winter War
1283:Midtskogen
1270:following
1154:Zitronella
1140:Gearbox II
1076:Weserübung
1017:Silver Fox
1006:Winter War
952:Weserübung
869:Nortraship
753:Haakon VII
697:Resistance
692:Occupation
670:Key events
625:on 7 June.
622:Devonshire
606:This gave
472:legitimacy
374:Lithuanian
340:By country
331:Yad Vashem
235:Haakon VII
5860:See also:
5846:Macedonia
5774:Lithuania
5465:Manchuria
5351:Indochina
5127:Bagration
4578:Lithuania
4223:Anschluss
4020:Viet Minh
3917:Lithuania
3859:Hong Kong
3629:Manchukuo
3584:Azad Hind
3243:Australia
3043:Aftermath
2906:Paperclip
2801:Aftermath
2601:Total war
2469:Diplomacy
2432:In Europe
1874:June 2011
1813:Oslo Gang
1611:does not
1491:Max Manus
1320:does not
1215:does not
1036:Tanne Ost
971:Valentine
803:Jonas Lie
783:Otto Ruge
620:HMS
454:) to the
448:Norwegian
404:Ukrainian
379:Norwegian
369:Hungarian
291:Righteous
5879:Category
5851:Slovenia
5827:Taganrog
5732:Slovakia
5714:Bulgaria
5661:Bulgaria
5576:Category
5525:document
5435:document
5292:Ardennes
5276:Budapest
5224:Crossbow
5102:Overlord
4941:Smolensk
4159:Timeline
3994:Slovakia
3980:Thailand
3831:Ethiopia
3796:Bulgaria
3720:Portugal
3658:Thailand
3540:Bulgaria
3318:Eswatini
3311:Ethiopia
3264:Bulgaria
3089:Unit 731
3050:Response
2867:Keelhaul
2817:Cold War
2790:Americas
2781:timeline
2774:Atlantic
2654:Theaters
2146:Archived
2057:(1995).
2001:14 March
1975:14 March
1756:See also
1519:reprisal
1483:Shetland
1472:Bismarck
1467:warships
1173:Finnmark
1119:Gauntlet
1107:Claymore
1095:Alphabet
1070:incident
992:Bornholm
985:Isefjord
597:Storting
576:Storting
523:commando
519:sabotage
394:Romanian
354:Croatian
349:Austrian
81:Location
63:Finnmark
47:Part of
5841:Croatia
5818:Russia
5814:Moldova
5809:Belarus
5799:Romania
5754:Germany
5744:Estonia
5739:Denmark
5709:Belgium
5704:Austria
5699:Albania
5683:Ukraine
5678:Romania
5502:Shumshu
5269:Hungary
5216:Estonia
5200:Lapland
5178:Dragoon
5111:Neptune
5093:Ichi-Go
5059:Tempest
5001:Changde
4956:Cottage
4848:Jubilee
4564:Finland
4462:Compass
4168:Prelude
4121:Finland
4007:Vietnam
3973:Romania
3845:Germany
3824:Estonia
3810:Denmark
3789:Belgium
3782:Austria
3775:Albania
3706:Ireland
3692:Andorra
3676:Neutral
3643:Romania
3577:Hungary
3562:Finland
3434:Romania
3326:Finland
3304:Denmark
3250:Belgium
3236:Algeria
2942:Romania
2928:Hungary
2684:Pacific
2408:General
2362:Leaders
2347:Battles
2340:Outline
2286:of Dr.
1862:improve
1716:English
1632:removed
1617:sources
1581:led by
1523:Telavåg
1478:Tirpitz
1456:Lofoten
1341:removed
1326:sources
1236:removed
1221:sources
1162:Tirpitz
1133:Gearbox
1126:Fritham
1082:Denmark
1068:Altmark
1044:Iceland
999:Finland
958:Denmark
945:Denmark
712:Telavåg
589:Elverum
579:), the
505:Western
474:of the
399:Serbian
5864:Jewish
5822:Crimea
5794:Poland
5789:Norway
5769:Latvia
5759:Greece
5749:France
5666:Poland
5479:Debate
5451:Taipei
5444:Borneo
5022:Tarawa
4216:Europe
4177:Africa
3966:Poland
3952:Norway
3931:Malaya
3910:Latvia
3852:Greece
3838:France
3734:Sweden
3699:Bhutan
3427:Poland
3413:Norway
3385:Mexico
3352:Greece
3338:France
3276:Canada
3257:Brazil
3227:Allies
3173:Serbia
3162:Poland
2935:Poland
2921:Baltic
2714:Europe
2416:Topics
2368:Allied
2191:
2167:
2121:6 June
2112:
2071:
1951:
1851:, but
1783:Milorg
1712:German
1700:Allied
1538:Sweden
1511:Vemork
1444:Milorg
1395:London
1291:Narvik
1147:Leader
1087:Norway
1060:Norway
1024:Orator
979:Safari
963:Norway
879:Hirden
849:Milorg
746:People
659:Norway
613:London
595:, the
384:Polish
364:German
176:Poland
121:Norway
118:
91:Result
85:Norway
5764:Italy
5255:Leyte
5085:Narva
5071:Anzio
5029:Makin
4987:Burma
4871:Torch
4840:Rzhev
4801:Kiska
3887:Korea
3873:Japan
3866:Italy
3748:Tibet
3727:Spain
3605:Italy
3366:Italy
3359:India
3283:China
3158:Japan
2758:Italy
2670:China
2622:Women
2100:"tap"
1897:Notes
1744:, at
1460:Måløy
1287:Hegra
859:Linge
702:Camps
585:Hamar
359:Czech
5321:1945
5049:1944
4890:1943
4818:Blue
4808:Attu
4715:1942
4474:1941
4326:1940
4264:1939
4193:Asia
4040:POWs
3880:Jews
3598:Iraq
3524:Axis
3474:Tuva
3290:Cuba
2375:Axis
2189:ISBN
2165:ISBN
2123:2015
2110:ISBN
2082:2008
2069:ISBN
2028:2011
2003:2017
1977:2017
1949:ISBN
1750:Oslo
1740:The
1615:any
1613:cite
1493:and
1475:and
1324:any
1322:cite
1289:and
1219:any
1217:cite
1052:Fork
661:and
531:and
507:and
486:and
442:The
388:list
73:Date
2235:."
2142:NRK
1626:by
1530:OSS
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