170:
273:
857:
252:. Many of these rare artillery pieces were captured by the European colonialists; the bells of several Dutch churches in Aceh were made from melted Ottoman weapons. Some of these bells still carry the Ottoman crest which were originally on the barrels. By the beginning of the 17th century, Aceh boasted about 1200 medium-sized bronze cannons, and about 800 other weapons such as
67:
160:
The
Ottomans sent military assistance to the Aceh Sultanate against the Portuguese. The Spanish Oidor Dávalos complained that there were Muslims from the Middle East, North Africa and Grenada who came to Southeast Asia and some came to Borneo and Sumatra in a letter he wrote in 1585. There were some
200:
ordered that ships be sent to Aceh. A number of soldiers, gunsmiths, and engineers were sent in an
Ottoman fleet, together with ample supplies of weapons and ammunition. A first fleet was sent, consisting of 15 galleys equipped with artillery. It had to be diverted to fight an uprising in
288:, who had a well equipped arsenal of 1200 cannons and 800 swivel-guns and muskets, possibly controlling more of the spice trade than the Portuguese. The Portuguese tried to destroy the Aceh–Ottoman–Venetian trade axis for their own benefit. The Portuguese established plans to attack the
268:
The expeditions led to increased exchanges between Aceh and the
Ottoman Empire in military, commercial, cultural, and religious fields. Subsequent Acehnese rulers continued these exchanges with the Ottoman Empire, and Acehnese ships seem to have been allowed to fly the Ottoman flag.
213:, although the Ottomans do not seem to have participated directly. It seems however that the Ottomans were able to supply cannoneers for the campaign, but were unable to provide more due to the ongoing invasion of
311:. The claim was rejected by Western powers who feared a precedent being set. Once again Aceh requested military reinforcements from the Ottomans, but the tasked fleet originally designated to help was diverted to
348:
1348:
1629:
181:
The 1564 embassy to
Constantinople was sent by Sultan Alauddin Riayat Syah al-Kahhar. In his message to the Ottoman Porte, the Sultan of Aceh referred to the Ottoman ruler as
708:
417:
392:
308:
2082:
341:
397:
1276:
455:
280:
The relationship between Aceh and the
Ottoman Empire was a major threat to the Portuguese and prevented them establishing a monopolistic trade position in the
2102:
793:
149:
Following the 1562 embassy, Aceh appeared to have already received
Ottoman reinforcements building its capacity and allowing it to conquer the Sultanates of
1333:
334:
228:, some of which reached considerable size. The craft of making such weapons had spread throughout the Maritime Southeast Asia. Famous cannons were made in
427:
2077:
1286:
358:
2051:
765:
432:
2092:
1406:
1281:
1997:
1266:
445:
78:
alliance had existed since at least the 1530s. Sultan
Alauddin wished to develop these relations, both to attempt the expulsion of the
205:. Only two ships eventually arrived in 1566–67, but numerous other fleets and shipments would follow. The first expedition was led by
2087:
1174:
917:
1664:
786:
1401:
450:
1992:
1639:
597:
2046:
2041:
1291:
760:
Kayadibi, Saim. “Ottoman
Connections to the Malay World: Islam, Law and Society,” (Kuala Lumpur: The Other Press, 2011)
470:
1977:
1747:
1506:
1086:
719:
206:
1972:
779:
407:
1365:
377:
2028:
1759:
1619:
1477:
1229:
614:
253:
878:
2072:
1752:
1554:
1436:
1426:
1416:
1370:
1296:
1116:
460:
412:
387:
55:
949:
169:
883:
1457:
1306:
1271:
1261:
1134:
816:
402:
210:
143:
2097:
1604:
1462:
1421:
1311:
1199:
1051:
1013:
821:
372:
87:
954:
2018:
1634:
1360:
1301:
1076:
475:
890:
1569:
1559:
1343:
1071:
1056:
1609:
1564:
1159:
382:
2023:
1764:
1688:
1614:
1534:
1316:
1096:
1028:
932:
802:
742:
241:
79:
1862:
307:, the region invoked the protection of its earlier agreement with the Ottoman Empire as one of
1950:
1845:
1599:
1549:
1544:
1380:
1224:
1179:
1061:
1018:
986:
922:
761:
652:
629:
593:
561:
465:
139:
51:
43:
1818:
679:
665:
587:
575:
523:
505:
1806:
1682:
1467:
1385:
1355:
1214:
1144:
209:. The Acehnese paid for the shipments in pearls, diamonds, and rubies. In 1568 the Acehnese
1715:
895:
284:. Aceh was a major commercial adversary for the Portuguese, especially during the reign of
58:
in 1564, and possibly as early as 1562, requesting
Ottoman support against the Portuguese.
1987:
1982:
1967:
1594:
1529:
1338:
1189:
1033:
942:
589:
The
Cambridge Illustrated Atlas of Warfare: Renaissance to Revolution, 1492-1792, Volume 2
422:
154:
123:
70:
The initial authentic flag of Aceh Sultanate (before it became an "Ottoman protectorate").
17:
1823:
276:
After repeated expeditions by the Ottomans, Aceh region became an Ottoman "protectorate".
1785:
1539:
1524:
1209:
1204:
1184:
1154:
1139:
1023:
996:
902:
272:
233:
95:
91:
39:
35:
856:
2066:
2013:
1830:
1779:
1411:
1375:
1101:
991:
312:
285:
135:
111:
99:
1924:
1919:
1472:
1321:
1169:
1149:
1091:
1066:
976:
971:
912:
907:
293:
281:
174:
94:
fleet that first arrived in Aceh consisted of 300 Ottomans (Including Egyptians),
1720:
1929:
1431:
1219:
1106:
1081:
1006:
1001:
966:
300:
150:
326:
1796:
1624:
1516:
1256:
1194:
1111:
981:
961:
937:
826:
107:
1710:
1944:
1881:
1875:
1576:
927:
316:
103:
66:
161:
Middle Eastern Muslims who fought Portuguese in Ternate, Moluccas in 1581.
572:
Cambridge illustrated atlas, warfare: Renaissance to revolution, 1492–1792
520:
Cambridge illustrated atlas, warfare: Renaissance to revolution, 1492–1792
1908:
1886:
1857:
1850:
1801:
1326:
304:
257:
229:
197:
131:
1867:
1791:
1774:
1737:
1732:
1698:
839:
834:
289:
83:
47:
1891:
1840:
1835:
1811:
1769:
1742:
1727:
1703:
1693:
1452:
844:
771:
249:
245:
225:
214:
186:
119:
555:
Islam in the Indonesian world: an account of institutional formation
1939:
1674:
1669:
1164:
202:
190:
168:
127:
115:
1934:
1914:
1659:
592:(illustrated ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 16.
237:
218:
75:
775:
695:
Turkish Public Administration: From Tradition to the Modern Age
330:
50:. The expedition followed an envoy sent by the Acehnese Sultan
196:
After the death of Suleiman the Magnificent in 1566, his son
619:. Quezon city, Philippines: New Day Publishers. p. 34.
86:. According to accounts written by the Portuguese Admiral
1630:
Fatwa on Religious Pluralism, Liberalism, and Secularism
224:
The Ottomans taught the Acehnese how to forge their own
711:
Ottoman-Aceh Relations According to the Turkish Sources
292:
and Aceh, but failed due to a lack of manpower in the
2006:
1960:
1900:
1652:
1585:
1497:
1490:
1445:
1394:
1249:
1242:
1125:
1042:
871:
864:
809:
649:A Splendid Exchange: How Trade Shaped the World
1277:Indonesian Association of Muslim Intellectuals
631:Medieval Islamic Civilization: An Encyclopedia
787:
456:Ottoman naval expeditions in the Indian Ocean
342:
8:
681:Reading Asia: new research in Asian studies
644:
642:
640:
501:
499:
497:
495:
493:
491:
1494:
1246:
868:
794:
780:
772:
349:
335:
327:
418:Ottoman–Portuguese conflicts (1586–1589)
393:Ottoman–Portuguese conflicts (1538–1560)
271:
65:
2083:Foreign relations of the Ottoman Empire
744:The politics of anti-Westernism in Asia
550:
507:The Cambridge History of Southeast Asia
487:
398:Conquest of Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera
1287:Indonesian Islamic Propagation Council
548:
546:
544:
542:
540:
538:
536:
534:
532:
530:
433:Battle at the Portuguese coast (1726)
7:
1407:Indonesian Nahdlatul Community Party
1282:Indonesia Institute of Islamic Dawah
616:Looking For The Prehispanic Filipino
2103:Naval history of the Ottoman Empire
446:List of Ottoman sieges and landings
34:started from around 1565 when the
25:
1635:Operation Tinombala / Madago Raya
918:Ismail al-Khalidi al-Minangkabawi
82:, and to extend his own power in
855:
428:Ottoman–Venetian War (1714–1718)
1640:December 2016 Jakarta protests
1521:Islamic Kingdoms in Indonesia
299:When Aceh was attacked by the
52:Alauddin Riayat Syah al-Kahhar
1:
1292:Indonesian Mujahedeen Council
613:Scott, William Henry (1992).
471:Acehnese-Portuguese conflicts
2052:National Heroes of Indonesia
1978:Islamic criminal law in Aceh
1507:Spread of Islam in Indonesia
1334:Muslim Students' Association
1087:Ahmad Khatib al-Minangkabawi
360:Ottoman–Portuguese conflicts
27:Expedition of Ottoman Empire
2093:1560s in the Ottoman Empire
1973:Islam Yes, Islamic Party No
651:William J. Bernstein p.191
38:endeavoured to support the
2119:
2078:Indonesia–Turkey relations
879:Muhammad Arsyad al-Banjari
667:By the sword and the cross
451:Indonesia-Turkey relations
378:Battle of Ash-Shihr (1531)
254:breech-loading swivel guns
32:Ottoman expedition to Aceh
18:Ottoman expedition to Aceh
2037:
1760:Musabaqah Tilawatil Quran
1620:Maluku sectarian conflict
1478:Mujahidin Indonesia Timur
1230:Muhammad Luthfi bin Yahya
853:
368:
42:in its fight against the
2088:Suleiman the Magnificent
1555:Samudera Pasai Sultanate
1437:United Development Party
1427:Prosperous Justice Party
1417:National Awakening Party
1297:Indonesian Ulema Council
950:Abdus Samad al-Palimbani
669:Charles A. Truxillo p.59
509:by Nicholas Tarling p.39
461:Dutch East India Company
413:Capture of Muscat (1581)
408:Battle of Alcácer Quibir
388:Conquest of Tunis (1535)
303:in 1873, triggering the
56:Suleiman the Magnificent
1512:Ottoman embassy to Aceh
1307:Islamic Defenders Front
1272:Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia
1262:Campus Dakwah Institute
403:Siege of Malacca (1568)
144:Maritime Southeast Asia
1605:Tanjung Priok massacre
1463:Jamaah Ansharut Tauhid
1422:National Mandate Party
1200:Muhammad Rizieq Shihab
586:Black, Jeremy (1996).
423:Sack of Madeira (1617)
373:Siege of Jeddah (1517)
277:
178:
71:
62:Ottoman–Aceh relations
1312:Liberal Islam Network
1302:Al-Irshad Al-Islamiya
1077:Muhammad Jamil Jambek
992:Maulana Malik Ibrahim
707:Ismail Hakki Goksoy.
697:, (Ankara, 2008), 84.
574:by Jeremy Black p.17
557:Azyumardi Azra p.169
522:by Jeremy Black p.16
476:Riau-Lingga Sultanate
275:
173:Ottoman fleet in the
172:
80:Portuguese in Malacca
69:
2047:History of Indonesia
2042:Mosques in Indonesia
1570:Yogyakarta Sultanate
1135:Ahmad Syafi'i Maarif
1072:Tahir bin Jalaluddin
1057:Abdul Karim Amrullah
177:in the 16th century.
74:An informal Ottoman-
1610:Talangsari incident
1402:Crescent Star Party
1160:Abdullah Gymnastiar
633:Josef W. Meri p.465
383:Siege of Diu (1531)
217:and an uprising in
207:Kurtoğlu Hızır Reis
165:Ottoman expeditions
88:FernĂŁo Mendes Pinto
1615:Insurgency in Aceh
1535:Kingdom of Kaimana
1317:Majelis Rasulullah
1097:Sulaiman ar-Rasuli
1029:Burhanuddin Ulakan
933:Tuanku Imam Bonjol
908:Yusuf al-Makassari
803:Islam in Indonesia
693:Palabiyik, Hamit,
278:
179:
72:
2060:
2059:
1951:Tafsir Al-Mishbah
1648:
1647:
1600:Petition of Fifty
1560:Ternate Sultanate
1550:Mataram Sultanate
1545:Malacca Sultanate
1486:
1485:
1395:Political parties
1381:Sumatera Thawalib
1371:Rabithah Alawiyah
1238:
1237:
1225:Abdurrahman Wahid
1180:Nurcholish Madjid
1019:Ali Mughayat Syah
1014:Abdurrauf Singkil
987:Sunan Gunung Jati
923:Abdullah al-Misri
891:Nawawi al-Bantani
766:978-983-9541-77-9
683:Frans HĂĽsken p.88
466:Dutch East Indies
441:
440:
319:rebellion there.
44:Portuguese Empire
16:(Redirected from
2110:
2029:Central Sulawesi
1871:
1854:
1827:
1815:
1724:
1683:Babad Tanah Jawi
1565:Tidore Sultanate
1495:
1468:Jamaah Islamiyah
1386:Wahdah Islamiyah
1356:Nahdlatul Wathan
1247:
1215:Said Aqil Siradj
1145:Abu Bakar Bashir
958:
899:
887:
869:
859:
796:
789:
782:
773:
748:
746:Cemil Aydin p.33
740:
734:
733:
731:
730:
724:
718:. Archived from
717:
704:
698:
691:
685:
677:
671:
663:
657:
646:
635:
627:
621:
620:
610:
604:
603:
583:
577:
569:
563:
552:
525:
517:
511:
503:
363:
361:
351:
344:
337:
328:
315:to suppress the
309:its dependencies
211:besieged Malacca
21:
2118:
2117:
2113:
2112:
2111:
2109:
2108:
2107:
2073:History of Aceh
2063:
2062:
2061:
2056:
2033:
2002:
1988:Jemaah Tarbiyah
1983:Jama’ah Tabligh
1968:Islam Nusantara
1956:
1896:
1865:
1848:
1821:
1809:
1753:Istiqlal Mosque
1718:
1644:
1595:Jakarta Charter
1587:
1581:
1530:Demak Sultanate
1499:
1482:
1441:
1390:
1339:Nahdlatul Ulama
1234:
1190:Mohammad Natsir
1127:
1121:
1044:
1038:
1034:Usman bin Yahya
952:
943:Tuanku Tambusai
893:
881:
860:
851:
805:
800:
757:
752:
751:
741:
737:
728:
726:
722:
715:
706:
705:
701:
692:
688:
678:
674:
664:
660:
647:
638:
628:
624:
612:
611:
607:
600:
585:
584:
580:
570:
566:
553:
528:
518:
514:
504:
489:
484:
442:
437:
364:
359:
357:
355:
325:
266:
167:
142:region and the
130:, and some 200
64:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2116:
2114:
2106:
2105:
2100:
2095:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2075:
2065:
2064:
2058:
2057:
2055:
2054:
2049:
2044:
2038:
2035:
2034:
2032:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2010:
2008:
2004:
2003:
2001:
2000:
1998:Traditionalist
1995:
1990:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1964:
1962:
1958:
1957:
1955:
1954:
1947:
1942:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1912:
1904:
1902:
1898:
1897:
1895:
1894:
1889:
1884:
1879:
1872:
1860:
1855:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1828:
1816:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1789:
1786:Sejarah Banten
1782:
1777:
1772:
1767:
1762:
1757:
1756:
1755:
1745:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1713:
1708:
1707:
1706:
1701:
1696:
1686:
1679:
1678:
1677:
1672:
1662:
1656:
1654:
1650:
1649:
1646:
1645:
1643:
1642:
1637:
1632:
1627:
1622:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1597:
1591:
1589:
1583:
1582:
1580:
1579:
1574:
1573:
1572:
1567:
1562:
1557:
1552:
1547:
1542:
1540:Gowa Sultanate
1537:
1532:
1527:
1525:Aceh Sultanate
1519:
1514:
1509:
1503:
1501:
1492:
1488:
1487:
1484:
1483:
1481:
1480:
1475:
1470:
1465:
1460:
1455:
1449:
1447:
1443:
1442:
1440:
1439:
1434:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1414:
1409:
1404:
1398:
1396:
1392:
1391:
1389:
1388:
1383:
1378:
1373:
1368:
1363:
1358:
1353:
1352:
1351:
1346:
1336:
1331:
1330:
1329:
1319:
1314:
1309:
1304:
1299:
1294:
1289:
1284:
1279:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1259:
1253:
1251:
1244:
1240:
1239:
1236:
1235:
1233:
1232:
1227:
1222:
1217:
1212:
1207:
1205:Quraish Shihab
1202:
1197:
1192:
1187:
1185:Harun Nasution
1182:
1177:
1172:
1167:
1162:
1157:
1155:Djohan Effendi
1152:
1147:
1142:
1140:Azyumardi Azra
1137:
1131:
1129:
1123:
1122:
1120:
1119:
1114:
1109:
1104:
1099:
1094:
1089:
1084:
1079:
1074:
1069:
1064:
1062:Hasyim Asy'ari
1059:
1054:
1052:Abdullah Ahmad
1048:
1046:
1040:
1039:
1037:
1036:
1031:
1026:
1024:Tuanku Nan Tuo
1021:
1016:
1011:
1010:
1009:
1004:
999:
997:Sunan Kalijaga
994:
989:
984:
979:
974:
969:
959:
947:
946:
945:
940:
935:
925:
920:
915:
910:
905:
903:Hamzah Fansuri
900:
888:
875:
873:
866:
862:
861:
854:
852:
850:
849:
848:
847:
842:
837:
831:Old divisions
829:
824:
819:
813:
811:
807:
806:
801:
799:
798:
791:
784:
776:
770:
769:
756:
753:
750:
749:
735:
699:
686:
672:
658:
636:
622:
605:
598:
578:
564:
526:
512:
486:
485:
483:
480:
479:
478:
473:
468:
463:
458:
453:
448:
439:
438:
436:
435:
430:
425:
420:
415:
410:
405:
400:
395:
390:
385:
380:
375:
369:
366:
365:
356:
354:
353:
346:
339:
331:
324:
321:
265:
262:
166:
163:
92:Ottoman Empire
63:
60:
40:Aceh Sultanate
36:Ottoman Empire
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2115:
2104:
2101:
2099:
2098:1560s in Asia
2096:
2094:
2091:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2070:
2068:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2045:
2043:
2040:
2039:
2036:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2011:
2009:
2005:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1965:
1963:
1959:
1953:
1952:
1948:
1946:
1943:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1910:
1906:
1905:
1903:
1899:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1877:
1873:
1869:
1864:
1861:
1859:
1856:
1852:
1847:
1844:
1842:
1839:
1837:
1834:
1832:
1831:Tabligh Akbar
1829:
1825:
1820:
1817:
1813:
1808:
1805:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1790:
1788:
1787:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1768:
1766:
1763:
1761:
1758:
1754:
1751:
1750:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1741:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1722:
1717:
1714:
1712:
1709:
1705:
1702:
1700:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1691:
1690:
1687:
1685:
1684:
1680:
1676:
1673:
1671:
1668:
1667:
1666:
1663:
1661:
1658:
1657:
1655:
1651:
1641:
1638:
1636:
1633:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1623:
1621:
1618:
1616:
1613:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1596:
1593:
1592:
1590:
1584:
1578:
1575:
1571:
1568:
1566:
1563:
1561:
1558:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1548:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1531:
1528:
1526:
1523:
1522:
1520:
1518:
1515:
1513:
1510:
1508:
1505:
1504:
1502:
1496:
1493:
1489:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1464:
1461:
1459:
1456:
1454:
1451:
1450:
1448:
1444:
1438:
1435:
1433:
1430:
1428:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1413:
1412:Masyumi Party
1410:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1399:
1397:
1393:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1376:Sarekat Islam
1374:
1372:
1369:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1359:
1357:
1354:
1350:
1347:
1345:
1342:
1341:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1328:
1325:
1324:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1305:
1303:
1300:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1288:
1285:
1283:
1280:
1278:
1275:
1273:
1270:
1268:
1265:
1263:
1260:
1258:
1255:
1254:
1252:
1250:Civil society
1248:
1245:
1243:Organizations
1241:
1231:
1228:
1226:
1223:
1221:
1218:
1216:
1213:
1211:
1208:
1206:
1203:
1201:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1191:
1188:
1186:
1183:
1181:
1178:
1176:
1175:Kartosoewirjo
1173:
1171:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1158:
1156:
1153:
1151:
1148:
1146:
1143:
1141:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1132:
1130:
1124:
1118:
1117:Tjokroaminoto
1115:
1113:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1102:Mohammad Roem
1100:
1098:
1095:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1085:
1083:
1080:
1078:
1075:
1073:
1070:
1068:
1065:
1063:
1060:
1058:
1055:
1053:
1050:
1049:
1047:
1045:Awakening era
1041:
1035:
1032:
1030:
1027:
1025:
1022:
1020:
1017:
1015:
1012:
1008:
1005:
1003:
1000:
998:
995:
993:
990:
988:
985:
983:
980:
978:
975:
973:
970:
968:
965:
964:
963:
960:
956:
951:
948:
944:
941:
939:
936:
934:
931:
930:
929:
926:
924:
921:
919:
916:
914:
911:
909:
906:
904:
901:
897:
892:
889:
885:
880:
877:
876:
874:
870:
867:
865:Major figures
863:
858:
846:
843:
841:
838:
836:
833:
832:
830:
828:
825:
823:
820:
818:
815:
814:
812:
808:
804:
797:
792:
790:
785:
783:
778:
777:
774:
767:
763:
759:
758:
754:
747:
745:
739:
736:
725:on 2008-01-19
721:
714:
713:
710:
703:
700:
696:
690:
687:
684:
682:
676:
673:
670:
668:
662:
659:
656:
655:
650:
645:
643:
641:
637:
634:
632:
626:
623:
618:
617:
609:
606:
601:
595:
591:
590:
582:
579:
576:
573:
568:
565:
562:
560:
556:
551:
549:
547:
545:
543:
541:
539:
537:
535:
533:
531:
527:
524:
521:
516:
513:
510:
508:
502:
500:
498:
496:
494:
492:
488:
481:
477:
474:
472:
469:
467:
464:
462:
459:
457:
454:
452:
449:
447:
444:
443:
434:
431:
429:
426:
424:
421:
419:
416:
414:
411:
409:
406:
404:
401:
399:
396:
394:
391:
389:
386:
384:
381:
379:
376:
374:
371:
370:
367:
362:
352:
347:
345:
340:
338:
333:
332:
329:
322:
320:
318:
314:
310:
306:
302:
297:
295:
291:
287:
286:Iskandar Muda
283:
274:
270:
263:
261:
259:
255:
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
231:
227:
222:
220:
216:
212:
208:
204:
199:
194:
192:
188:
184:
176:
171:
164:
162:
158:
156:
152:
147:
145:
141:
137:
133:
129:
125:
121:
117:
113:
109:
105:
101:
97:
93:
89:
85:
81:
77:
68:
61:
59:
57:
54:(1539–71) to
53:
49:
45:
41:
37:
33:
19:
2019:West Sumatra
1949:
1925:Kitab kuning
1920:Jamiat Kheir
1907:
1874:
1784:
1681:
1665:Architecture
1588:independence
1511:
1500:independence
1473:Laskar Jihad
1322:Muhammadiyah
1267:Hidayatullah
1170:Wahid Hasyim
1150:Idham Chalid
1128:independence
1092:Haji Misbach
1067:Ahmad Dahlan
977:Sunan Drajat
972:Sunan Bonang
913:Malikussaleh
743:
738:
727:. Retrieved
720:the original
712:
709:
702:
694:
689:
680:
675:
666:
661:
653:
648:
630:
625:
615:
608:
588:
581:
571:
567:
558:
554:
519:
515:
506:
298:
294:Indian Ocean
282:Indian Ocean
279:
267:
223:
195:
182:
180:
175:Indian Ocean
159:
148:
106:and various
73:
31:
29:
1930:Kota santri
1866: [
1849: [
1822: [
1810: [
1719: [
1458:Darul Islam
1432:Ummah Party
1220:Abdul Somad
1210:Ma'ruf Amin
1107:Rasuna Said
1082:Mas Mansoer
1007:Sunan Murya
1002:Sunan Kudus
967:Sunan Ampel
953: [
894: [
882: [
872:Classic era
242:Minangkabau
138:to aid the
134:sailors of
108:city states
2067:Categories
1797:Serak Gulo
1775:Sholawatan
1625:Poso riots
1517:Wali Sanga
1257:Alkhairaat
1195:Amien Rais
1112:Agus Salim
982:Sunan Giri
962:Wali Sanga
938:Tuanku Rao
817:Shia Islam
755:References
729:2018-04-13
599:0521470331
258:arquebuses
2024:East Java
2007:By region
1993:Modernist
1961:Movements
1945:Pesantren
1901:Education
1882:Wetu Telu
1876:Tombo Ati
1863:Tirakatan
1738:Manakiban
1577:Padri War
1043:National
822:Ahmadiyya
157:in 1564.
146:in 1539.
124:Gujaratis
104:Mogadishu
1909:Al-Munir
1887:Yaqowiyu
1858:Tausiyah
1846:Takbiran
1841:Tahlilan
1802:Slametan
1689:Costumes
1344:GP Ansor
1327:Aisyiyah
810:Branches
323:See also
305:Aceh War
230:Makassar
198:Selim II
183:Khalifah
96:Swahilis
1892:Yasinan
1819:Suronan
1792:Sekaten
1765:Qasidah
1748:Mosques
1733:Lebaran
1699:Songkok
1653:Culture
1491:History
1446:Militia
840:Priyayi
835:Abangan
827:Kejawèn
290:Red Sea
264:Results
234:Mataram
136:Janjira
132:Malabar
112:Sindhis
100:Somalis
84:Sumatra
48:Malacca
1836:Tabuik
1807:Suroan
1770:Rebana
1743:Maulid
1728:Kauman
1711:Hadroh
1704:Sarong
1694:Kupiah
1453:Banser
1361:PERSIS
1349:JATMAN
845:Santri
764:
596:
250:Brunei
248:, and
246:Melaka
226:cannon
215:Cyprus
187:Caliph
120:Thatta
90:, the
1940:LIPIA
1870:]
1853:]
1826:]
1814:]
1780:Saman
1723:]
1716:Khaul
1675:Tajug
1670:Bedug
1586:Post-
1366:PERTI
1165:Hamka
1126:Post-
957:]
928:Padri
898:]
886:]
723:(PDF)
716:(PDF)
482:Notes
317:Zaidi
313:Yemen
301:Dutch
203:Yemen
191:Islam
189:) of
155:Johor
140:Batak
128:Surat
126:from
116:Debal
114:from
102:from
2014:Aceh
1935:Kyai
1915:Iqro
1660:Adat
1498:Pre-
762:ISBN
594:ISBN
256:and
238:Java
219:Aden
153:and
118:and
76:Aceh
30:The
151:Aru
46:in
2069::
1868:id
1851:id
1824:id
1812:id
1721:id
955:id
896:id
884:id
654:ff
639:^
559:ff
529:^
490:^
296:.
260:.
244:,
240:,
236:,
232:,
221:.
193:.
122:,
110:,
98:,
795:e
788:t
781:v
768:.
732:.
602:.
350:e
343:t
336:v
185:(
20:)
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