308:
43:
737:
913:
3170:
199:
932:, thereby a member of the Bavarian line of the Ottonians. Duke of Bavaria since 995, he was crowned king on 7 June 1002. Henry II spent the first years of his rule consolidating his political power on the borders of the German kingdom. He waged several campaigns against Bolesław I of Poland and then moved successfully to Italy where he was crowned emperor by
987:
Historians have written extensively about how the
Ottonian kings and emperors ruled their lands. For some historians, following in the wake of Karl Leyser, Ottonian government was primarily conducted through oral and ritual means, in which the written word took a back seat. Other historians, such as
843:
Co-ruler with his father since 961 and crowned emperor in 967, Otto II ascended the throne at the age of 18. By excluding the
Bavarian line of Ottonians from the line of succession, he strengthened Imperial authority and secured his own son's succession to the Imperial throne. During his reign, Otto
748:
Otto I, Duke of Saxony upon the death of his father in 936, was elected king within a few weeks. He continued the work of unifying all of the German tribes into a single kingdom, greatly expanding the powers of the king at the expense of the aristocracy. Through strategic marriages and personal
287:
The
Ottonians are associated with the notable military success that transformed the political situation in contemporary Western Europe: "It was the success of the Ottonians in molding the raw materials bequeathed to them into a formidable military machine that made possible the establishment of
757:
revolted against his rule. Otto was able to suppress their uprisings, in consequence, the various dukes, who had previously been co-equals with the king, were reduced to royal subjects under the king's authority. Otto's decisive victory over the
Magyars at the
867:
as king, his sudden death plunged the
Ottonian dynasty into crisis. During her regency for Otto III, the Byzantine princess Theophanu abandoned her late husband's imperialistic policy and devoted herself entirely to furthering her own agenda in Italy.
349:. The family's substantial holdings in Thuringia suggest that they originated from that region, and their Saxon lands may have been granted as a reward for their service to the Carolingians. Liudolf married Oda, a member of the Frankish House of
789:, which was a troublesome inheritance that none wanted, and extended his kingdom's borders to the north, east, and south. In control of much of central and southern Europe, the patronage of Otto and his immediate successors caused a
988:
David
Bachrach, have argued strongly for the continuing use of writing in administering the Ottonians' far-flung lands. Attention has recently focused on how the rulers took advantage of their royal estates, known as the fisc.
288:
Germany as the preeminent kingdom in Europe from the tenth through the mid-thirteenth century." They are also associated with a notable cultural movement (especially new literary traditions) known as the
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3338:
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749:
appointments, he installed members of his own family in the kingdom's most important duchies. This, however, did not prevent his relatives from entering into civil war: both Otto's brother Duke
975:
died without heirs on 2 February 1032, Conrad II successfully claimed also this kingship on the basis of an inheritance
Emperor Henry II had extorted from the former in 1006, having invaded
3952:
3251:
2611:
696:
in May 919, Henry abandoned the claim to dominate the whole disintegrating
Carolingian Empire and, unlike his predecessor Conrad I, succeeded in gaining the support of the
680:
Although never
Emperor, Henry the Fowler was arguably the founder of the imperial dynasty. While East Francia under the rule of the last Carolingian kings was ravaged by
3702:
3937:
744:, founded in 936 by King Otto I, at the request of his mother Queen Matilda, in honor of her late husband, Otto's father, King Henry the Fowler, and as his memorial
422:, Arnulf's illegitimate son, documents the efforts of the Carolingian ruler to win the mighty Saxon dynasty over as an ally. According to the Saxon chronicler
889:
619:
3957:
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785:
and major royal power base to which he donated charity and for the creation of which his family was responsible. By 961, Otto had conquered the
3695:
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3615:
3596:
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3500:
893:
786:
415:
64:
2624:
671:, Duke of Bavaria from 995 (as Henry IV), King of the Romans from 1002, King of Italy from 1004, Holy Roman Emperor from 1002 until 1024
3625:
Wangerin, Laura (January 2017). "The governance of
Ottonian Germany in historiographical perspective: Governance of Ottonian Germany".
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86:
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II attempted to annex the whole of Italy into the Empire, bringing him into conflict with the Byzantine emperor and with the
612:
3816:
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Bachrach, D. S. (December 2010). "The Written Word in Carolingian-Style Fiscal Administration under King Henry I, 919-936".
3650:. Seminari del Centro interuniversitario per la storia e l'archeologia dell'alto medioevo. Vol. 9. pp. 157–177.
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205:
57:
51:
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1943:
1867:
904:. Expelled from Rome in 1001, Otto III died at age 21 the next year, without an opportunity to reconquer the city.
832:
778:
725:
243:
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When Otto III came of age, he concentrated on securing the rule in the Italian domains, installing his confidants
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2547:
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1543:
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925:
724:. Because he had assimilated so much power through his conquest, he was able to transfer power to his second son
649:, Duke of Saxony and King of East Francia from 936, King of Italy from 951, Holy Roman Emperor from 962 until 973
605:
568:
955:
remained childless, the Ottonian dynasty became extinct with the death of Henry II in 1024. The crown passed to
68:
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235:
211:
161:
129:
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272:(d. 866) and one of its most common given names. The Ottonian rulers were successors of the Germanic king
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3756:
3299:
1316:
450:
383:
3901:
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West, Charles (2019). "Royal estates, confiscation and the politics of land in the kingdom of Otto I".
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on 14 February 1014. He reinforced his rule by endowing and founding numerous dioceses, such as the
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1821:
1573:
1560:
933:
929:
863:
Otto II died in 983 at the age of 28 after a ten-year reign. Succeeded by his three-year-old son
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782:
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403:
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114:
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in 1007, intertwining the secular and ecclesiastical authority over the Empire. Henry II was
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223:
110:
632:
The Ottonian rulers of East Francia, the German kingdom, and the Holy Roman Empire were:
3169:
430:
in 911 was already a candidate for the East Frankish crown, which however passed to the
3896:
3871:
3751:
3510:
Bachrach, David S (April 2011). "Early Ottonian Warfare: The Perspective from Corvey".
1812:
1029:
960:
897:
877:
717:
642:
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296:
188:
31:
762:
in 955 ended the threat of Hungarian invasions and secured his hold over his kingdom.
198:
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852:. His campaign against the Saracens ended in 982 with a disastrous defeat at the
804:
770:
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346:
712:
dukes. In 933 he led a German army to victory over the Hungarian forces at the
655:, co-ruler from 961, Holy Roman Emperor from 967, sole ruler from 973 until 983
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2168:
585:
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639:(Henry I), Duke of Saxony from 912, King of East Francia from 919 until 936
299:
went on to occupy the Imperial throne for just over a century, until 1125.
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202:
Depiction of the Ottonian family tree in a 13th-century manuscript of the
1617:
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766:
454:
17:
3711:
3638:
1854:
1127:
774:
399:
354:
350:
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In the 9th century, the Saxon count Liudolf held large estates on the
979:
to enforce his claim after Rudolph attempted to renounce it in 1016.
916:
Detail from the monument to Emperor Henry II, built over his tomb in
661:, King of the Romans from 983, Holy Roman Emperor from 996 until 1002
231:
3168:
911:
735:
316:
306:
924:
The childless Otto III was succeeded by Henry II, a son of Duke
808:
320:
3684:
3581:
Rule and conflict in an early medieval society: Ottonian Saxony
366:
337:
in the Saxon stem duchy, which had been incorporated into the
36:
3383:
Routledge Revivals: Medieval Germany (2001) An Encyclopedia
769:
Magyars earned King Otto the reputation as the savior of
364:
Liudolf already held the high social position of a Saxon
3152:
For further detailed dynastic relationships, see also
3252:
Matilda of Germany, Countess Palatine of Lotharingia
357:
founded Brunshausen Abbey, which, once relocated to
793:of the arts and architecture. He confirmed the 754
574:
552:
540:
528:
516:
504:
492:
485:
471:
426:, Otto upon the death of the last Carolingian king
258:. The family itself is also sometimes known as the
177:
169:
145:
135:
124:
106:
101:
3953:1020s disestablishments in the Holy Roman Empire
361:, rose to a family monastery and burial ground.
3608:Women in Western Intellectual Culture, 600–1500
238:(919–1024), named after three of its kings and
884:as Popes. In 1000 he made a pilgrimage to the
815:in 962. He even reached a settlement with the
811:to have himself crowned Holy Roman Emperor by
3696:
740:Former collegiate church of St. Servatius in
613:
370:, documented by the marriage of his daughter
8:
3523:Leyser, Karl (1981). "Ottonian government".
967:, a daughter of Otto I, and the Salian duke
453:, a descendant of the legendary Saxon ruler
398:with large estates in Thuringia. He married
353:. About 852 the couple together with Bishop
295:After the end of Ottonian rule in 1024, the
276:, who was the only Germanic king to rule in
263:
685:
394:, moreover, Otto acted as lay abbot of the
203:
27:Saxon dynasty of German monarchs (919–1024)
3703:
3689:
3681:
998:
620:
606:
173:1024 (after the death of Emperor Henry II)
3344:
3181:, Count of Saxony, died in either 864/866
856:. Moreover, in 983 Otto II experienced a
268:), after its earliest known member Count
242:named Otto, especially its first Emperor
87:Learn how and when to remove this message
3842:Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg
3441:
3417:
3405:
3356:
418:; the marriage of his daughter Oda with
250:after the family's origin in the German
197:
50:This article includes a list of general
3938:Noble families of the Holy Roman Empire
3316:
896:and confirming the royal status of the
3429:
1002:Detailed Ottonian Dynasty Family tree
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98:
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797:and, with recourse to the concept of
7:
3453:
3224:and Duke of Lotharingia, died in 965
716:and campaigned both the land of the
3385:. Taylor and Francis. p. 463.
920:more than 350 years after his death
457:and heiress to extended estates in
323:mountain range and in the adjacent
3154:Family tree of the German monarchs
565:Family tree of the German monarchs
441:Upon Otto's death in 912, his son
331:. His ancestors probably acted as
56:it lacks sufficient corresponding
25:
3246:Adelheid I, Abbess of Quedlinburg
410:. Otto possibly accompanied King
3958:1029 disestablishments in Europe
3493:Warfare in Tenth-Century Germany
3258:Otto, Duke of Swabia and Bavaria
777:"the Great". He transformed the
692:among the German dukes. Elected
560:
390:ruled over large parts of Saxon
41:
3554:World Monarchies and Dynasties
3240:Matilda, Abbess of Quedlinburg
3222:Bruno I, Archbishop of Cologne
378:, son of the Carolingian king
1:
3537:10.1093/ehr/XCVI.CCCLXXXI.721
3525:The English Historical Review
3194:, Duke of Saxony, died in 912
3186:Altfrid, Bishop of Hildesheim
823:by marrying his son and heir
210:. The founder of the dynasty
3656:10.1484/M.SCISAM-EB.5.118742
3228:William, Archbishop of Mainz
835:at his long-time residence.
831:. In 968 he established the
791:limited cultural renaissance
561:Ottonian dynasty family tree
140:Henry II, Holy Roman Emperor
3648:Biens publics, biens du roi
3512:Journal of Military History
3491:Bachrach, David S. (2014).
3266:, the Wrangler, died in 995
465:Ottonian kings and emperors
246:. It is also known as the
206:Chronica Sancti Pantaleonis
3976:
969:Conrad the Red of Lorraine
833:Archbishopric of Magdeburg
396:Imperial abbey of Hersfeld
29:
3722:
3270:Bruno, Bishop of Augsburg
3264:Henry II, Duke of Bavaria
3234:Mathilde, Abbess of Essen
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1229:
1225:
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601:
591:
581:
569:Category:Ottonian dynasty
559:
476:
284:and before this dynasty.
3552:Middleton, John (2015).
3495:. Boydell & Brewer.
3204:Henry I, Duke of Bavaria
311:Gandersheim Abbey Church
30:Not to be confused with
3928:Medieval royal families
3210:Liudolf, Duke of Swabia
973:Rudolph III of Burgundy
953:Cunigunde of Luxembourg
414:on his 894 campaign to
382:in 869. Liudolf's sons
212:Liudolf, Duke of Saxony
130:Liudolf, Duke of Saxony
71:more precise citations.
3589:2027/heb01063.0001.001
3381:Jeep, John M. (2017).
3174:
1022:- Ottonian (919–1024)
1012:The colors denote the
921:
894:Archdiocese of Gniezno
745:
686:
684:, he was chosen to be
472:German royal dynasties
312:
264:
227:
215:
204:
3933:German noble families
3792:Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
3579:Leyser, Karl (1979).
3562:10.4324/9781315698014
3484:10.1093/gerhis/ghq108
3300:Ottonian architecture
3254:, ruled from 979-1025
3236:, ruled from 973-1011
3172:
3165:Other notable members
951:As his marriage with
915:
803:in the succession of
739:
451:Matilda of Ringelheim
355:Altfrid of Hildesheim
310:
214:is at the top center.
201:
3867:Palatine Zweibrücken
3290:Ottonian Renaissance
3192:Otto the Illustrious
3173:Ottonian family tree
1016:from the Houses of:
963:, great-grandson of
938:Bishopric of Bamberg
902:Bolesław I the Brave
449:. Henry had married
402:, a daughter of the
388:Otto the Illustrious
290:Ottonian Renaissance
926:Henry II of Bavaria
892:, establishing the
886:Congress of Gniezno
882:Gerbert of Aurillac
682:Hungarian invasions
282:Carolingian dynasty
240:Holy Roman Emperors
3948:919 establishments
3817:Brunswick-Lüneburg
3639:10.1111/hic3.12367
3606:Ranft, P. (2003).
3305:Concordat of Worms
3198:Gerberga of Saxony
3175:
983:Ottonian rulership
934:Pope Benedict VIII
930:Gisela of Burgundy
922:
878:Bruno of Carinthia
860:against his rule.
800:translatio imperii
783:proprietary church
765:The defeat of the
760:Battle of Lechfeld
746:
688:primus inter pares
424:Widukind of Corvey
408:Henry of Franconia
339:Carolingian Empire
319:river west of the
313:
216:
157:King of the Romans
152:Holy Roman Emperor
115:Kingdom of Germany
3910:
3909:
3782:Habsburg-Lorraine
3665:978-2-503-58645-8
3617:978-0-230-10825-7
3598:978-0-7131-6218-9
3583:. Edward Arnold.
3571:978-1-317-45158-7
3502:978-1-84383-927-9
3277:Gisela of Hungary
3216:Hedwige of Saxony
3162:
3161:
3136:
3135:
3074:
2864:
2850:
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2677:
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2587:
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2320:
2301:
2289:
2278:
2258:
2248:
2231:
2212:
2201:
2182:
1951:
1938:
1905:
1892:
1872:
1862:
1841:
1828:
1817:
1623:
1610:
1589:
1568:
1555:
1345:
1334:
1324:
1135:
1122:
1111:
1037:
1036:
918:Bamberg Cathedral
858:Great Slav Rising
850:Fatimid Caliphate
795:Donation of Pepin
779:Church in Germany
755:Liudolf of Swabia
753:and his son Duke
630:
629:
586:Conradine dynasty
547:1002 – 1024
445:succeeded him as
376:Louis the Younger
196:
195:
119:Holy Roman Empire
97:
96:
89:
16:(Redirected from
3965:
3943:Kings in Germany
3923:Ottonian dynasty
3877:Holstein-Gottorp
3705:
3698:
3691:
3682:
3677:
3642:
3621:
3602:
3575:
3548:
3531:(381): 721–753.
3519:
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3445:
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3397:
3396:
3378:
3372:
3366:
3360:
3359:, pp. 3, 5.
3354:
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1947:
1930:
1901:
1875:
1870:
1858:
1837:
1820:
1815:
1621:
1598:
1577:
1564:
1548:Duke of Lorraine
1547:
1337:
1332:
1320:
1131:
1114:
1109:
1039:
1038:
1027:
1021:
1008:
1007:
999:
827:to John's niece
821:John I Tzimiskes
787:Kingdom of Italy
751:Henry of Bavaria
722:Duchy of Bohemia
691:
637:Henry the Fowler
622:
615:
608:
535:983 – 1002
479:Ottonian dynasty
469:
443:Henry the Fowler
380:Louis the German
267:
220:Ottonian dynasty
209:
99:
92:
85:
81:
78:
72:
67:this article by
58:inline citations
45:
44:
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21:
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3852:Nassau-Weilburg
3718:
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3627:History Compass
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3058:King of Germany
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2687:King of Germany
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2648:King of Germany
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2629:Count Palatine
2627:
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2334:Duke of Bavaria
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2260:
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2241:Archb. of Mainz
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1949:
1946:
1934:
1932:
1931:Duke of Bavaria
1929:
1903:
1900:
1887:
1883:
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1876:King of Germany
1874:
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1338:King of Germany
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1133:
1130:
1118:
1116:
1113:
1110:the Illustrious
1108:
1025:
1019:
996:
994:
985:
946:Pope Eugene III
910:
874:
854:Battle of Stilo
841:
807:, proceeded to
781:into a kind of
734:
714:Battle of Riade
678:
626:
577:
567:
563:
555:
548:
536:
524:
523:973 – 983
512:
511:936 – 973
500:
499:919 – 936
488:
467:
428:Louis the Child
305:
236:German monarchs
162:King of Germany
111:Duchy of Saxony
93:
82:
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63:Please help to
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3757:Süpplingenburg
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3478:(4): 399–423.
3472:German History
3465:
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3345:Middleton 2015
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3281:
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3279:, died in 1065
3273:
3272:, died in 1029
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1115:Duke of Saxony
1104:
1102:
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1098:
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1035:
1034:
1004:
1003:
993:
990:
984:
981:
961:Salian dynasty
909:
906:
873:
870:
840:
837:
733:
730:
718:Polabian Slavs
677:
674:
673:
672:
662:
656:
650:
640:
628:
627:
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610:
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596:Salian dynasty
589:
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579:
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447:Duke of Saxony
304:
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297:Salian dynasty
194:
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189:House of Savoy
186:
179:
178:Cadet branches
175:
174:
171:
167:
166:
165:
164:
159:
154:
147:
143:
142:
137:
133:
132:
126:
122:
121:
108:
104:
103:
95:
94:
49:
47:
40:
32:Ottoman Empire
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3971:
3970:
3959:
3956:
3954:
3951:
3949:
3946:
3944:
3941:
3939:
3936:
3934:
3931:
3929:
3926:
3924:
3921:
3920:
3918:
3903:
3900:
3898:
3895:
3893:
3890:
3888:
3885:
3883:
3880:
3878:
3875:
3873:
3870:
3868:
3865:
3863:
3860:
3858:
3855:
3853:
3850:
3848:
3847:Orange-Nassau
3845:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3835:
3833:
3830:
3828:
3825:
3823:
3820:
3818:
3815:
3813:
3810:
3808:
3805:
3803:
3800:
3798:
3795:
3793:
3790:
3788:
3785:
3783:
3780:
3778:
3775:
3773:
3770:
3768:
3765:
3763:
3760:
3758:
3755:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3735:
3733:
3730:
3728:
3725:
3724:
3721:
3717:
3713:
3706:
3701:
3699:
3694:
3692:
3687:
3686:
3683:
3675:
3671:
3667:
3661:
3657:
3653:
3649:
3644:
3640:
3636:
3633:(1): e12367.
3632:
3628:
3623:
3619:
3613:
3609:
3604:
3600:
3594:
3590:
3586:
3582:
3577:
3573:
3567:
3563:
3559:
3555:
3550:
3546:
3542:
3538:
3534:
3530:
3526:
3521:
3518:(2): 393–409.
3517:
3513:
3508:
3504:
3498:
3494:
3489:
3485:
3481:
3477:
3473:
3468:
3467:
3463:
3455:
3450:
3447:
3443:
3442:Bachrach 2010
3438:
3435:
3431:
3426:
3423:
3419:
3418:Wangerin 2017
3414:
3411:
3407:
3406:Bachrach 2011
3402:
3399:
3394:
3392:9781351665407
3388:
3384:
3377:
3374:
3371:, p. 36.
3370:
3365:
3362:
3358:
3357:Bachrach 2014
3353:
3350:
3346:
3341:
3339:
3337:
3335:
3333:
3331:
3329:
3327:
3325:
3323:
3321:
3317:
3310:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3288:
3287:
3283:
3278:
3274:
3271:
3268:
3265:
3262:
3260:, died in 982
3259:
3256:
3253:
3250:
3247:
3244:
3242:, died in 999
3241:
3238:
3235:
3232:
3230:, died in 968
3229:
3226:
3223:
3220:
3218:, died in 965
3217:
3214:
3212:, died in 957
3211:
3208:
3206:, died in 955
3205:
3202:
3200:, died in 954
3199:
3196:
3193:
3190:
3188:, died in 874
3187:
3183:
3180:
3177:
3176:
3171:
3164:
3158:
3156:
3155:
3149:
3144:
3143:
3140:
3139:
3133:
3073:
3068:
3064:
3055:
3035:
3032:
3028:
3026:
3025:
2956:
2952:
2950:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2925:
2863:
2842:
2822:
2819:
2815:
2813:
2812:
2743:
2739:
2737:
2718:
2711:
2709:
2708:
2702:
2697:
2693:
2684:
2674:of Luxembourg
2671:
2663:
2658:
2654:
2645:
2637:
2626:
2613:
2605:
2594:
2586:
2575:
2549:
2529:
2526:
2520:
2504:
2502:
2494:
2492:
2484:
2482:
2480:
2476:
2474:
2473:
2464:
2460:
2458:
2444:
2424:
2422:
2410:
2408:
2394:
2390:
2388:
2369:
2366:
2364:
2362:
2360:
2358:
2356:
2355:
2344:
2331:
2319:
2308:
2300:
2285:
2277:
2272:
2268:
2259:
2247:
2238:
2230:
2219:
2208:
2200:
2189:
2181:
2170:
2166:
2163:
2157:
2149:
2147:
2131:
2129:
2123:
2111:
2109:
2101:
2099:
2097:
2093:
2091:
2090:
2073:
2069:
2067:
2061:
2033:
2031:
2019:
1999:
1997:
1991:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1975:
1973:
1971:
1969:
1967:
1965:
1964:
1945:
1937:
1928:
1899:
1891:
1886:
1882:
1873:
1856:
1835:
1825:
1818:
1810:
1807:
1775:
1773:
1749:
1747:
1746:
1721:
1717:
1715:
1663:
1661:
1650:
1644:
1619:
1609:
1596:
1588:
1582:
1575:
1562:
1554:
1545:
1509:
1506:
1502:
1500:
1498:
1494:
1492:
1476:
1474:
1473:
1452:
1448:
1446:
1440:
1420:
1418:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1368:
1366:
1365:
1352:
1344:
1335:
1321:of Ringelheim
1318:
1258:
1255:
1251:
1249:
1248:
1227:
1223:
1221:
1154:
1151:
1149:
1148:
1129:
1121:
1112:
1040:
1033:
1031:
1023:
1017:
1015:
1010:
1009:
1006:
1005:
1001:
1000:
997:
991:
989:
982:
980:
978:
974:
970:
966:
962:
958:
954:
949:
947:
943:
939:
935:
931:
928:and his wife
927:
919:
914:
907:
905:
903:
899:
895:
891:
887:
883:
879:
871:
869:
866:
861:
859:
855:
851:
847:
838:
836:
834:
830:
826:
822:
818:
814:
813:Pope John XII
810:
806:
802:
801:
796:
792:
788:
784:
780:
776:
772:
768:
763:
761:
756:
752:
743:
738:
731:
729:
727:
723:
719:
715:
711:
707:
703:
699:
695:
694:Rex Francorum
690:
689:
683:
675:
670:
666:
663:
660:
657:
654:
651:
648:
644:
641:
638:
635:
634:
633:
623:
618:
616:
611:
609:
604:
603:
600:
597:
594:
590:
587:
584:
580:
573:
570:
566:
562:
558:
551:
545:
543:
539:
533:
531:
527:
521:
519:
515:
509:
507:
503:
497:
495:
491:
484:
481:
480:
475:
470:
464:
462:
460:
456:
452:
448:
444:
439:
437:
433:
429:
425:
421:
417:
413:
409:
405:
401:
397:
393:
389:
385:
381:
377:
373:
369:
368:
362:
360:
356:
352:
348:
344:
340:
336:
335:
334:ministeriales
330:
327:territory of
326:
322:
318:
309:
302:
300:
298:
293:
291:
285:
283:
279:
275:
271:
266:
261:
257:
253:
249:
248:Saxon dynasty
245:
241:
237:
233:
229:
225:
221:
213:
208:
207:
200:
190:
187:
185:
182:
181:
180:
176:
172:
168:
163:
160:
158:
155:
153:
150:
149:
148:
144:
141:
138:
134:
131:
128:9th century:
127:
123:
120:
116:
112:
109:
105:
102:House of Otto
100:
91:
88:
80:
77:February 2013
70:
66:
60:
59:
53:
48:
39:
38:
33:
19:
3827:Hohenzollern
3762:Hohenstaufen
3741:
3712:Royal houses
3647:
3630:
3626:
3610:. Springer.
3607:
3580:
3553:
3528:
3524:
3515:
3511:
3492:
3475:
3471:
3464:Bibliography
3449:
3437:
3425:
3413:
3401:
3382:
3376:
3364:
3352:
3295:Ottonian art
3151:
3147:
3146:
3071:
3062:
2861:
2700:
2691:
2661:
2652:
2635:
2603:
2584:
2565:of Carinthia
2329:the Wrangler
2317:
2298:
2275:
2266:
2245:
2228:
2198:
2179:
1935:
1889:
1880:
1607:
1586:
1552:
1342:
1132:of Babenberg
1119:
1032:(1024–1125)
1024:
1018:
1013:
1011:
995:
986:
971:. When King
950:
923:
875:
862:
842:
798:
764:
747:
710:Lotharingian
693:
679:
668:
646:
631:
592:
582:
478:
477:
440:
365:
363:
332:
314:
294:
286:
278:East Francia
265:Liudolfinger
259:
247:
219:
217:
83:
74:
55:
3857:Mecklenburg
3832:Württemberg
3812:Schwarzburg
3807:Wittelsbach
3747:Luitpolding
3732:Carolingian
3430:Leyser 1981
3347:, p. .
3063:r.1024–1039
2860:d.1039/1046
2692:r.1002–1024
2636:r.1015–1034
2599:Quedlinburg
2585:r.1001–1039
2580:Gandersheim
2347:of Burgundy
1933:919/921–955
992:Family tree
805:Charlemagne
771:Christendom
742:Quedlinburg
593:Followed by
583:Preceded by
359:Gandersheim
347:Charlemagne
260:Liudolfings
234:dynasty of
170:Dissolution
136:Final ruler
69:introducing
3917:Categories
3802:Luxembourg
3737:Conradines
3369:Ranft 2003
3311:References
2676:c.975–1040
2653:r.983–1002
2616:of Germany
2604:r.999–1044
2597:Abbess of
2593:Adelaide I
2578:Abbess of
2175:the Franks
2169:Hugh Capet
1948:of Bavaria
1859:of England
1824:the Franks
1581:the Franks
1567:c.913–984?
1333:the Fowler
1323:c. 895–968
698:Franconian
576:Succession
487:Chronology
459:Westphalia
432:Franconian
420:Zwentibold
392:Eastphalia
343:Saxon Wars
341:after the
280:after the
252:stem duchy
52:references
3902:Zähringen
3887:Bonaparte
3837:Oldenburg
3674:214096327
3454:West 2019
3072:1027–1039
3054:Conrad II
2858:of Alsace
2845:of Speyer
2701:1014–1024
2670:Cunigunde
2633:≈955–1034
2556:≈948–1004
2554:Carinthia
2318:r.966–999
2288:c.955–991
2284:Theophanu
2267:r.961–983
2246:r.954–968
2229:r.944–955
2226:c.922–955
2207:Liutgarde
2199:r.950–957
2196:c.930–957
2180:r.987–996
2177:c.941–996
1881:r.936–973
1871:the Great
1840:c.910–965
1838:of Saxony
1816:the Great
1608:r.953–965
1601:Archb. of
1599:the Great
1587:r.936–954
1565:of Saxony
1553:r.915–939
1550:c.890–939
1351:Hatheburg
1343:r.919–936
1120:r.880–912
1117:c.851–912
965:Liutgarde
957:Conrad II
948:in 1146.
942:canonized
829:Theophanu
817:Byzantine
669:the Saint
647:the Great
404:Babenberg
329:Thuringia
325:Eichsfeld
184:Brunonids
3777:Lorraine
3772:Habsburg
3742:Ottonian
3284:See also
3060:990–1039
2855:Adelaide
2847:965/970–
2689:973–1024
2683:Henry II
2662:996–1002
2650:980–1002
2644:Otto III
2618:979–1025
2601:977–1044
2582:975–1039
2574:Sophia I
2326:Henry II
2224:Lorraine
1950:925–≈985
1902:of Italy
1898:Adelaide
1822:Duke of
1622:≈908–938
1618:Thankmar
1578:King of
1574:Louis IV
1561:Gerberga
1134:≈856–903
1014:monarchs
977:Burgundy
908:Henry II
872:Otto III
865:Otto III
846:Saracens
819:emperor
773:and the
720:and the
702:Bavarian
665:Henry II
659:Otto III
542:Henry II
530:Otto III
455:Widukind
436:Conrad I
372:Liutgard
274:Conrad I
230:) was a
18:Ottonian
3882:Romanov
3822:Griffin
3787:Hanover
3727:Ascania
3716:Germany
3179:Liudolf
2849:989/992
2612:Matilda
2562:Judith
2552:Duke of
2336:951–995
2315:954–999
2307:Matilda
2297:954–957
2276:967–983
2264:955–983
2257:the Red
2254:Otto II
2243:929–968
2237:William
2222:Duke of
2211:931–953
2192:Duke of
2188:Liudolf
2173:King of
1936:948–955
1927:Henry I
1904:931–999
1890:962–973
1878:912–973
1861:910–946
1855:Eadgyth
1827:898–956
1605:925–965
1603:Cologne
1584:920–954
1544:Gilbert
1340:876–936
1330:Henry I
1317:Matilda
1128:Hedwiga
959:of the
848:of the
839:Otto II
825:Otto II
775:epithet
706:Swabian
676:Henry I
653:Otto II
518:Otto II
494:Henry I
400:Hedwiga
351:Billung
303:Origins
270:Liudolf
228:Ottonen
125:Founded
107:Country
65:improve
3892:Wettin
3797:Nassau
3752:Salian
3672:
3662:
3614:
3595:
3568:
3545:569838
3543:
3499:
3389:
3275:Queen
3184:Saint
3148:Notes:
2548:Otto I
2349:d.1006
2343:Gisela
2311:Abbess
2218:Conrad
2194:Swabia
1944:Judith
1868:Otto I
1834:Hedwig
1107:Otto I
1030:Salian
1026:
1020:
900:ruler
890:Poland
732:Otto I
726:Otto I
643:Otto I
554:Family
506:Otto I
412:Arnulf
256:Saxony
244:Otto I
224:German
146:Titles
54:, but
3897:Lippe
3872:Hesse
3670:S2CID
3541:JSTOR
2841:Henry
2567:d.991
2294:Bruno
1595:Bruno
898:Piast
767:pagan
434:duke
416:Italy
406:duke
384:Bruno
374:with
317:Leine
232:Saxon
3862:Vasa
3767:Welf
3660:ISBN
3612:ISBN
3593:ISBN
3566:ISBN
3497:ISBN
3387:ISBN
2625:Ezzo
1813:Hugh
880:and
809:Rome
708:and
386:and
321:Harz
218:The
3714:of
3652:doi
3635:doi
3585:hdl
3558:doi
3533:doi
3480:doi
3067:HRE
2696:HRE
2657:HRE
2271:HRE
1885:HRE
944:by
888:in
367:dux
345:of
254:of
3919::
3668:.
3658:.
3631:15
3629:.
3591:.
3564:.
3556:.
3539:.
3529:96
3527:.
3516:75
3514:.
3476:28
3474:.
3319:^
3157:.
3070:r.
2699:r.
2660:r.
2274:r.
1888:r.
1028:-
728:.
704:,
700:,
667:,
645:,
461:.
438:.
292:.
226::
117:,
113:,
3704:e
3697:t
3690:v
3676:.
3654::
3641:.
3637::
3620:.
3601:.
3587::
3574:.
3560::
3547:.
3535::
3505:.
3486:.
3482::
3456:.
3444:.
3432:.
3420:.
3408:.
3395:.
2862:?
2299:?
621:e
614:t
607:v
262:(
222:(
90:)
84:(
79:)
75:(
61:.
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
