85:, or eggs. This can be done inside buildings, under tree bark, or beneath fallen leaves or other plant matter on the ground, among other places. All such overwintering sites shield the insect from adverse conditions associated with winter. Activity almost completely ceases until conditions become more favourable. One example is the
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are sometimes said to overwinter. At such times, growth of vegetative tissues and reproductive structures becomes minimal or ceases completely. For plants, overwintering often involves restricted water supplies and reduced light exposure. In the spring following overwintering many plants will enter
42:, limited food supplies) make normal activity or even survival difficult or near impossible. In some cases "winter" is characterized not necessarily by cold but by dry conditions; passing through such periods could likewise be called overwintering.
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People are also described from time to time as overwintering. This was especially true in the past during the exploration of the planet when people had to pass the winter in places not ideally suited for winter survival, and even today in the
218:. Today people may be said to overwinter when they temporarily move to warmer areas during the months of prevailing cold weather in northern latitudes, such as people from various parts of North America staying in
89:, which experiences advantages to overwintering in its desired locations by being one of the first butterflies to emerge after a cold winter. Another example are the eggs of the
415:
Kukuk, Penelope F.; Schwarz, Michael (1987-01-01). "Intranest
Behavior of the Communal Sweat Bee Lasioglossum (Chilalictus) erythrurum (Hymenoptera: Halictidae)".
105:, found across a broad geographic range, overwinters for 7 months to wait for the development of their larval host plants. Another unique butterfly, the
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Pullin, A. S.; Bale, J. S.; Fontaine, X. L. R. (1991). "Physiological
Aspects of Diapause and Cold Tolerance during Overwintering in Pieris Brassicae".
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species is not growing, by transferring to an alternative host, living freely in the soil or surviving on plant refuse such as discarded potatoes.
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Pollard, E.; Hall, M. L. (1980). "Possible movement of
Gonepteryx rhamni (L.) (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) between hibernating and breeding areas".
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are the two major ways in which overwintering is accomplished. Animals may also go into a state of reduced physiological activity known as
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their flowering stage. Farmers and gardeners use a process of "overwintering" to achieve early spring harvests of some crops by planting
128:) will over-winter, and then emerge early in the flight season to obtain the best available subterranean nests. Lastly, many species of
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migrate and then overwinter in regions where temperatures are warmer or food is more readily available. Some birds, however, such as
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Vanessa, Fonesca. "Nymphalis antiopa". Animal
Diversity Web. University of Michigan Museum of Zoology. Retrieved 4 October 2013.
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are known to overwinter inside of the corpse of their bee/wasp hosts before emerging in the spring. The queens of the
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277:"Impact of Host Tree on Forest Tent Caterpillar Performance and Offspring Overwintering Mortality"
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491:"Scheduling Guidelines for Overwintered Crops | Winter Growing Guide | Johnny's Selected Seeds"
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which overwinter tightly packed on tree branches. Other insects, such as the
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Process by which some organisms pass through or wait out the winter season
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STUDIES ON PESTS AND DISEASES OF BUMBLE BEE, Bombus haemorrhoidalis Smith
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species in fall, often under the protection of high or low tunnels. In
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Trudeau, M.; Y. Mauffette; S. Rochefort; E. Han; E.Bauce (2010).
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passes the winter season. Many insects overwinter as adults,
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Overwintering occurs in several classes of lifeform.
241:"The Difference Between Hibernation and Torpor"
198:survives the winter, during which its normal
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417:Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society
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402:Bumble Bees of the Western United States
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442:Heinrich, Bernd (19 December 2018).
471:"Overwintering Plants: 4 Easy tips"
469:Taki, Tarek Siddiki (2023-08-08).
444:"How Do Birds Survive The Winter?"
362:10.1111/j.1365-3032.1991.tb00584.x
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164:woodpeckers
116:P. tibialis
107:large white
46:Hibernation
521:Physiology
515:Categories
500:2020-10-12
476:2023-09-07
226:References
99:ghost moth
75:entomology
67:See also:
336:0013-8894
247:. Dotdash
245:ThoughtCo
140:sweat bee
50:migration
24:organisms
429:25084866
370:85922279
303:20388280
196:pathogen
188:biennial
311:6500698
220:Florida
168:corvids
111:conopid
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209:People
184:annual
179:Plants
174:Plants
166:, and
79:insect
54:torpor
425:JSTOR
366:S2CID
307:S2CID
152:birds
150:Many
146:Birds
83:pupae
456:2020
333:ISSN
299:PMID
253:2020
203:host
200:crop
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40:snow
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