522:
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position — is referred to as the sympto-thermal method of fertility awareness, which allow auto-diagnosis by a female of her state of ovulation. Once training has been given by a suitable authority, fertility charts can be completed on a cycle-by-cycle basis to show ovulation. This gives the possibility of using the data to predict fertility for natural contraception and pregnancy planning.
192:
29:
515:, and can sense the precise moment of ovulation. However, midcycle pain may also not be due to Mittelschmerz, but due to other factors such as cysts, endometriosis, sexually transmitted infections, or an ectopic pregnancy. Other possible signs of ovulation include tender breasts, bloating, and cramps, although these symptoms are not a guarantee that ovulation is taking place.
3921:
231:. The days in which a woman is most fertile can be calculated based on the date of the last menstrual period and the length of a typical menstrual cycle. The few days surrounding ovulation (from approximately days 10 to 18 of a 28-day cycle), constitute the most fertile phase. The time from the beginning of the
1844:
Baird, D. T.; Balen, A.; Escobar-Morreale, H. F.; Evers, J. L. H.; Fauser, B. C. J. M.; Franks, S.; Glasier, A.; Homburg, R.; La
Vecchia, C.; Devroey, P.; Diedrich, K.; Fraser, L.; Gianaroli, L.; Liebaers, I.; Sunde, A.; Tapanainen, J. S.; Tarlatzis, B.; Van Steirteghem, A.; Veiga, A.; Crosignani, P.
752:
Most women who are able to conceive are fertile for an estimated five days before ovulation and one day after ovulation. There is some evidence that for couples who have been trying to conceive a child for less than 12 months, and the female is under 40 years old, practicing timed intercourse (timing
533:
Symptoms related to the onset of ovulation, the moment of ovulation and the body's process of beginning and ending the menstrual cycle vary in intensity with each female but are fundamentally the same. The charting of such symptoms — primarily basal body temperature, mittelschmerz and cervical
423:
of the second meiotic division appears at the time of ovulation. If no fertilization occurs, the oocyte will degenerate between 12 and 24 hours after ovulation. Approximately 1–2% of ovulations release more than one oocyte. This tendency increases with maternal age. Fertilization of two different
753:
intercourse with ovulation using urine tests that predict ovulation) may help improve the rate of pregnancy and live births. The role that stress plays in ovulation, fertility, and understanding the biological basis for stress-induced anovulation and the role of cortisol is not entirely clear.
427:
The precise moment of ovulation was captured on film for the first time in 2008, coincidentally, during a routine hysterectomy procedure. According to the attending gynecologist, the ovum's emergence and subsequent release from the ovarian follicle occurred within a 15-minute timeframe.
574:, premenopausal female). Anovulation usually manifests itself as irregularity of menstrual periods, that is, unpredictable variability of intervals, duration, or bleeding. Anovulation can also cause cessation of periods (secondary amenorrhea) or excessive bleeding (
1595:
Bullivant SB, Sellergren SA, Stern K, Spencer NA, Jacob S, Mennella JA, McClintock MK (February 2004). "Women's sexual experience during the menstrual cycle: identification of the sexual phase by noninvasive measurement of luteinizing hormone".
2038:
Endrikat J, Gerlinger C, Richard S, Rosenbaum P, DĂĽsterberg B (December 2011). "Ovulation inhibition doses of progestins: a systematic review of the available literature and of marketed preparations worldwide".
346:-rich cocktail that disperses and gathers the cumulus cell network in a sticky matrix around the ovum. This network stays with the ovum after ovulation and has been shown to be necessary for fertilization.
742:
518:
Many females experience heightened sexual desire in the several days immediately before ovulation. One study concluded that females subtly improve their facial attractiveness during ovulation.
730:
is planned generally necessitates ovulation suppression, because it is not practically feasible to collect oocytes after ovulation. For this purpose, ovulation can be suppressed by either a
496:. In many animal species there are distinctive signals indicating the period when the female is fertile. Several explanations have been proposed to explain concealed ovulation in humans.
2433:
1791:
BASICS OF GYNECOLOGY FOR EXAMINEES: ALL IN ONE : THEORY, CLINICS & CASE DISCUSSION, INSTRUMENTS AND SPECIMENS, OPERATIVE GYNECOLOGY AND RADIOLOGY (X-RAY, USG INCLUDING 3D)
278:, and the secondary oocyte will leave the follicle through this hole. Ovulation is triggered by a spike in the amount of FSH and LH released from the pituitary gland. During the
2126:
Karunyam, Bheena
Vyshali; Abdul Karim, Abdul Kadir; Naina Mohamed, Isa; Ugusman, Azizah; Mohamed, Wael M. Y.; Faizal, Ahmad Mohd; Abu, Muhammad Azrai; Kumar, Jaya (2023).
597:
WHO group II: Hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis dysfunction. WHO group II is the most common cause of ovulatory disorders, and the most common causative member is
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2804:
2799:
591:
492:
The start of ovulation may be detected by signs that are not readily discernible other than to the ovulating female herself, thus humans are said to have a
270:, the ovarian follicle will undergo a series of transformations called cumulus expansion, which is stimulated by FSH. After this is done, a hole called the
2426:
235:(LMP) until ovulation is, on average, 14.6 days, but with substantial variation among females and between cycles in any single female, with an overall 95%
2789:
2949:
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2678:
2419:
365:(FSH). This lasts from 24 to 36 hours, and results in the rupture of the ovarian follicles, causing the oocyte to be released from the ovary.
85:
2005:
1996:
Nelson AL, Cwiak C (2011). "Combined oral contraceptives (COCs)". In
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385:
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813:
655:
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Gibbons, Tatjana; Reavey, Jane; Georgiou, Ektoras X; Becker, Christian M (2023-09-15). Cochrane
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442:
The follicle proper has met the end of its lifespan. Without the oocyte, the follicle folds inward on itself, transforming into the
357:
levels peak towards the end of the follicular phase, around 12 and 24 hours. This, by positive feedback, causes a surge in levels of
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action for the remainder of the menstrual cycle, maintaining the endometrium, before disintegrating into scar tissue during menses.
368:
Through a signal transduction cascade initiated by LH, which activates the pro-inflammatory genes through cAMP secondary messenger,
1216:
2396:
2688:
719:
673:(HCG) may be injected after completed ovarian stimulation. Ovulation will occur between 24 and 36 hours after the HCG injection.
635:
541:
pregnanediol 3-glucuronide of over 5 ÎĽg/mL has been used to confirm ovulation. This test has a 100% specificity over 107 women.
3241:
1734:
688:
342:. The latter undergo a period of proliferation and mucification known as cumulus expansion. Mucification is the secretion of a
3410:
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575:
2942:
727:
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3213:
2663:
670:
362:
259:
212:
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is infrequent or irregular ovulation (usually defined as cycles of greater than 36 days or fewer than 8 cycles a year)
372:
are secreted by the follicle that degrade the follicular tissue at the site of the blister, forming a hole called the
332:
299:
45:, where it will then be available to be fertilized by a male's sperm within 12 hours. Ovulation marks the end of the
3862:
2870:
1522:
1032:
Geirsson RT (May 1991). "Ultrasound instead of last menstrual period as the basis of gestational age assignment".
3157:
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by one-quarter to one-half degree
Celsius (one-half to one degree Fahrenheit). The corpus luteum continues this
80:
3947:
3779:
3664:
3372:
3352:
3314:
2935:
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68:
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to stimulate the formation of multiple oocytes. Some sources include ovulation induction in the definition of
2224:
Chabbert Buffet N, Djakoure C, Maitre SC, Bouchard P (July 1998). "Regulation of the human menstrual cycle".
3967:
1694:"Day-specific probabilities of clinical pregnancy based on two studies with imperfect measures of ovulation"
521:
1922:
1845:
G.; Evers, J. L. H. (2012). "Health and fertility in World Health
Organization group 2 anovulatory women".
1733:
Ecochard, R.; Leiva, R.; Bouchard, T.; Boehringer, H.; Direito, A.; Mariani, A.; Fehring, R. (2013-10-01).
3857:
3142:
3099:
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723:
647:
504:
463:
92:
996:"Cultural Notions of Fertility in South Asia and Their Influence on Sri Lankan Family Planning Practices"
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3342:
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232:
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and include oligoovulation (infrequent or irregular ovulation) and anovulation (absence of ovulation):
3812:
2901:
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refers to the dose required to consistently inhibit ovulation in women. Ovulation inhibition is an
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526:
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483:
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358:
255:
236:
208:
152:
34:
2190:
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Roberts S, Havlicek J, Flegr J, Hruskova M, Little A, Jones B, Perrett D, Petrie M (August 2004).
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1978:
1770:
1621:
1471:
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617:
611:
554:
247:
1329:"Ovarian ultrasonography highlights precision of symptoms of ovulation as markers of ovulation"
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2019:
2011:
2001:
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321:
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462:, the site of embryonic growth if implantation occurs. The action of progesterone increases
377:
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200:
137:
133:
46:
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2500:
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1926:
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777:
735:
605:
343:
283:
267:
251:
224:
196:
2162:
2127:
2103:
2078:
2052:
1641:"Female facial attractiveness increases during the fertile phase of the menstrual cycle"
1045:
411:
that contains all of the cytoplasmic material and a smaller, inactive first polar body.
175:
occurs, the uterine lining will eventually break down and be shed from the body via the
3877:
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50:
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325:
279:
243:
204:
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148:
54:
42:
1982:
2191:"A new model for ovarian follicular development during the human menstrual cycle"
926:
Managing
Motherhood, Managing Risk: Fertility and Danger in West Central Tanzania
924:
73:
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Navarrete-Palacios E, Hudson R, Reyes-Guerrero G, Guevara-Guzmán R (July 2003).
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in some animal species occurs naturally, ovulation can be stimulated by coitus.
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459:
455:
164:
125:
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2735:
2715:
2442:
1901:
1609:
1344:
320:(or proliferative phase) is the phase of the menstrual cycle during which the
291:
191:
28:
2296:
Guraya SS, Dhanju CK (November 1992). "Mechanism of ovulation--an overview".
2153:
2023:
2015:
1758:
1442:"Lower olfactory threshold during the ovulatory phase of the menstrual cycle"
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2842:
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369:
113:
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1974:
1956:
1866:
1766:
1719:
1674:
1656:
1617:
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1053:
507:. Furthermore, many females experience secondary fertility signs including
454:. These hormones induce the endometrial glands to begin production of the
2309:
2288:
2245:
1940:
1391:"Usually, it occurs between the 10th and 20th day of your menstrual cycle"
1362:
3842:
3699:
3694:
3689:
3607:
3511:
3442:
3003:
2774:
2730:
2725:
2602:
2559:
2547:
2532:
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586:(WHO) has developed the following classification of ovulatory disorders:
571:
447:
354:
216:
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3769:
3616:
3546:
3536:
2814:
2710:
2363:
538:
412:
404:
117:
1965:
570:
is absence of ovulation when it would be normally expected (in a post-
159:. If it is not, it will break down in less than a day. Meanwhile, the
98:
3847:
3817:
3724:
3679:
3581:
3526:
3516:
3362:
3282:
3036:
2824:
2614:
2564:
2537:
500:
446:(pl. corpora lutea), a steroidogenic cluster of cells that produces
397:
287:
207:. Note that ovulation is characterized by a sharp spike in levels of
176:
160:
141:
38:
2000:(20th revised ed.). New York: Ardent Media. pp. 249–341.
1327:
Depares J, Ryder RE, Walker SM, Scanlon MF, Norman CM (June 1986).
392:. After entering the fallopian tube, the oocyte is pushed along by
3541:
2927:
2520:
520:
393:
331:
For ovulation to be successful, the ovum must be supported by the
295:
190:
156:
129:
2348:"Detection of ovulation, a review of currently available methods"
1000:
Anthropology & International Health: South Asian Case
Studies
738:, with different protocols depending on which substance is used.
424:
oocytes by two different spermatozoa results in fraternal twins.
246:
of the brain and through the release of hormones secreted in the
3597:
1941:"Neuroendocrine regulation of GnRH release in induced ovulators"
1919:
1735:"Use of urinary pregnanediol 3-glucuronide to confirm ovulation"
743:
Suppression of spontaneous ovulation in ovarian hyperstimulation
408:
3392:
2931:
2415:
3729:
3447:
3419:
2766:
1788:
JOYDEV MUKHERJI; RAJENDRA PRASAD GANGULY; SUBRATA LALL SEAL.
1571:"Ovulation cramps: Symptoms and what they mean for fertility"
1111:"Time of implantation of the conceptus and loss of pregnancy"
711:
effect and is mediated by inhibition of the secretion of the
1821:
Oxford handbook of reproductive medicine and family planning
695:
and prevent ovulation as a primary mechanism of action. The
2346:
Su HW, Yi YC, Wei TY, Chang TC, Cheng CM (September 2017).
511:(pain associated with ovulation) and a heightened sense of
893:
Practice of
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324:
mature. The follicular phase lasts from the beginning of
3388:
1495:. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 306–307.
836:(5th ed.). Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 359.
833:
Wheater's
Functional Histology: A Text and Colour Atlas
2263:"Ovarian follicular growth and development in mammals"
380:
leaves the ruptured follicle and moves out into the
1523:"Ovulation Pain: Symptoms, Causes & Pain Relief"
3778:
3625:
3590:
3499:
3461:
3435:
3313:
3255:
3227:
3196:
3108:
3085:
3050:
3024:
3017:
2996:
2965:
2879:
2856:
2823:
2788:
2765:
2677:
2575:
2491:
2453:
79:
67:
62:
21:
2079:"Timed intercourse for couples trying to conceive"
923:
499:Females near ovulation experience changes in the
820:at Duke Fertility Center. Retrieved July 2, 2011
2189:Baerwald AR, Adams GP, Pierson RA (July 2003).
2128:"Infertility and cortisol: a systematic review"
282:, the secondary oocyte will travel through the
167:) continues to thicken to be able to receive a
3095:Extended cycle combined hormonal contraceptive
1027:
1025:
384:through the stigma, where it is caught by the
298:, the fertilized secondary oocyte or ovum may
242:The process of ovulation is controlled by the
41:(immature egg cell) will be released into the
3404:
2943:
2427:
8:
1300:. Vol. 1. Greenwood. pp. 201–202.
1268:"Fertilization: your pregnancy week by week"
419:and will so remain until fertilization. The
415:follows at once but will be arrested in the
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1150:Littleton LA, Engebretson JC (2004-10-14).
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3021:
2950:
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2928:
2434:
2420:
2412:
2397:Human egg makes accidental debut on camera
1915:
1913:
1911:
998:. In Nichter, Mark, Nichter, Mimi (eds.).
223:Ovulation occurs about midway through the
195:Ovulation occurs about midway through the
2371:
2278:
2206:
2161:
2143:
2102:
1964:
1709:
1664:
1457:
1352:
1186:Reproductive and Developmental Toxicology
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1034:Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology
930:. University of Michigan Press. pp.
1415:Smith, Yolanda; Pharm, B. (2010-04-27).
1075:
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715:, LH and FSH, from the pituitary gland.
2083:Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
1547:"Am I Ovulating? How to Spot the Signs"
1242:"Can You Get Pregnant after Ovulation?"
803:
620:can often indicate ovulatory disorder.
403:By this time, the oocyte has completed
2298:Indian Journal of Experimental Biology
1794:. Academic Publishers. pp. 244–.
964:Human Sexuality: From Cells to Society
549:Disorders of ovulation, also known as
132:, this event occurs at the end of the
96:
18:
2805:Hypothalamic–pituitary–prolactin axis
2072:
2070:
638:for patients with conditions such as
16:Release of egg cells from the ovaries
7:
3920:
1823:. Oxford : Oxford University Press.
1489:Beckmann, Charles R.B., ed. (2010).
650:to make the follicles mature before
634:Ovulation induction is a promising
2800:Hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis
2053:10.1016/j.contraception.2011.04.009
1377:"Ovulation moment caught on camera"
1115:The New England Journal of Medicine
1046:10.1046/j.1469-0705.1991.01030212.x
1002:. Psychology Press. pp. 8–11.
864:"How to Chart Your Menstrual Cycle"
592:Hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis
396:, beginning its journey toward the
219:levels during the follicular phase.
1880:Emre Seli, ed. (2 February 2011).
1298:Encyclopedia of Human Body Systems
1084:. Benjamin-Cummings. p. 915.
889:"Natural Methods of Contraception"
215:(FSH), resulting from the peak of
151:, the egg will be available to be
140:rupture and release the secondary
14:
2402:Ovulation moment caught on camera
1156:. Cengage Learning. p. 195.
967:. Cengage Learning. p. 322.
748:Fertility and timing of ovulation
407:, yielding two cells: the larger
3919:
3908:
3907:
1920:IVF.com > Ovulation Induction
1688:Dunson DB, Baird DD, Wilcox AJ,
1217:"Cumulus Oophorus - an overview"
720:assisted reproductive technology
689:Combined hormonal contraceptives
636:assisted reproductive technology
27:
3242:Premenstrual dysphoric disorder
2321:. In Resh VH, Carde RT (eds.).
2226:Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology
1945:Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology
1939:Bakker J, Baum MJ (July 2000).
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1751:10.1016/j.steroids.2013.06.006
1189:. Academic Press. p. 22.
895:. Elsevier India. p. 49.
576:dysfunctional uterine bleeding
1:
3963:Human female endocrine system
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1459:10.1016/S0301-0511(03)00076-0
994:Nichter M, Nichter M (1996).
728:transvaginal oocyte retrieval
280:luteal (post-ovulatory) phase
3263:Menstrual hygiene management
3214:Premenstrual water retention
3188:Polymenorrhea (epimenorrhea)
3153:Menorrhagia (hypermenorrhea)
2261:Fortune JE (February 1994).
671:human chorionic gonadotropin
658:is used in conjunction with
529:by day relative to ovulation
363:follicle-stimulating hormone
260:follicle-stimulating hormone
213:follicle-stimulating hormone
147:After ovulation, during the
1292:Watson S, Stacy KM (2010).
1128:10.1056/NEJM199906103402304
328:to the start of ovulation.
3984:
2790:Reproductive endocrinology
2280:10.1095/biolreprod50.2.225
2145:10.3389/fendo.2023.1147306
2132:Frontiers in Endocrinology
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627:
477:
435:
309:
3903:
3426:
3158:Metropathia haemorrhagica
3068:Billings Ovulation Method
2858:Human reproductive system
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1886:. John Wiley & Sons.
1847:Human Reproduction Update
1610:10.1080/00224490409552216
1492:Obstetrics and Gynecology
1345:10.1136/bmj.292.6535.1562
697:ovulation-inhibiting dose
640:polycystic ovary syndrome
599:polycystic ovary syndrome
584:World Health Organization
456:proliferative endometrium
203:, and is followed by the
91:
26:
3373:Sustainable menstruation
3353:Menstruation celebration
1998:Contraceptive technology
1711:10.1093/humrep/14.7.1835
1575:www.medicalnewstoday.com
1082:Anatomy & physiology
3315:In culture and religion
2323:Encyclopedia of Insects
2267:Biology of Reproduction
2195:Fertility and Sterility
1598:Journal of Sex Research
1379:. BBC News. 2008-06-12.
1333:British Medical Journal
1296:. In McDowell J (ed.).
302:there 6–12 days later.
53:, and the start of the
3143:Irregular menstruation
3100:Lactational amenorrhea
3063:Calendar-based methods
3032:Basal body temperature
2880:Diseases and disorders
2689:Sexual differentiation
2319:"Oviposition Behavior"
2238:10.1006/frne.1998.0167
1957:10.1006/frne.2000.0198
1657:10.1098/rsbl.2004.0174
1294:"The Endocrine System"
1153:Maternity Nursing Care
724:in vitro fertilization
693:follicular development
648:in vitro fertilization
530:
505:basal body temperature
464:basal body temperature
220:
93:Anatomical terminology
3343:Menstrual suppression
3305:Menstrual Hygiene Day
3237:Premenstrual syndrome
2912:Premature ejaculation
2907:Hard flaccid syndrome
2577:Human sexual activity
1859:10.1093/humupd/dms019
1446:Biological Psychology
1105:Wilcox AJ, Baird DD,
887:Chaudhuri SK (2007).
741:Further information:
684:Ovulation suppression
646:. It is also used in
524:
478:Further information:
474:Clinical presentation
460:secretory endometrium
239:of 8.2 to 20.5 days.
233:last menstrual period
194:
33:Following a surge of
3813:Egg drop competition
2902:Erectile dysfunction
2407:Ovulation calculator
1651:(Suppl 5:S): 270–2.
1272:medicalnewstoday.com
961:Rosenthal M (2012).
537:Urine levels of the
484:Fertility awareness
3278:Cloth menstrual pad
3247:Menstrual psychosis
3209:Menstrual synchrony
3058:Fertility awareness
2681:reproductive system
2669:Vaginal lubrication
2447:sexual reproduction
2317:Klowden MJ (2009).
664:ovarian stimulation
660:ovulation induction
656:ovarian stimulation
630:Ovulation induction
624:Ovulation induction
618:Menstrual disorders
555:menstrual disorders
551:ovulatory disorders
494:concealed ovulation
480:Concealed ovulation
370:proteolytic enzymes
359:luteinizing hormone
256:luteinizing hormone
237:prediction interval
209:luteinizing hormone
35:luteinizing hormone
3953:Human reproduction
3808:Egg-and-spoon race
3635:List of egg dishes
3448:Fish and amphibian
3429:List of egg topics
2679:Development of the
2590:Sexual intercourse
2364:10.1002/btm2.10058
2325:. Academic Press.
1925:2012-02-26 at the
1698:Human Reproduction
816:2016-05-02 at the
612:Hyperprolactinemia
553:are classified as
531:
388:at the end of the
221:
112:is the release of
3935:
3934:
3868:Ovo vegetarianism
3386:
3385:
3081:
3080:
2966:Events and phases
2925:
2924:
2694:Sexual dimorphism
2659:Postpartum period
2007:978-1-59708-004-0
1893:978-1-4443-9394-1
1830:978-0-19-920380-2
1745:(10): 1035–1040.
1417:"Ovulation Signs"
1221:sciencedirect.com
1183:Gupta RC (2011).
1080:Marieb E (2013).
763:Anovulatory cycle
726:, cycles where a
678:induced ovulation
421:spindle apparatus
382:peritoneal cavity
337:cumulus oophorous
322:ovarian follicles
274:will form in the
138:ovarian follicles
107:
106:
102:
3975:
3923:
3922:
3911:
3910:
3665:Custard desserts
3413:
3406:
3399:
3390:
3358:Menstruation hut
3338:Menstrual stigma
3298:Period underwear
3268:Feminine hygiene
3204:Folliculogenesis
3148:Menometrorrhagia
3022:
2978:Follicular phase
2952:
2945:
2938:
2929:
2664:Mechanics of sex
2473:Follicular phase
2443:Human physiology
2436:
2429:
2422:
2413:
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1527:Cleveland Clinic
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1421:News-Medical.net
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922:Allen D (2004).
919:
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884:
878:
877:
875:
874:
860:
854:
853:
851:
850:
830:Young B (2006).
827:
821:
808:
773:Folliculogenesis
709:antigonadotropic
458:and later into
409:secondary oocyte
378:secondary oocyte
318:follicular phase
312:Folliculogenesis
306:Follicular phase
229:follicular phase
201:follicular phase
134:follicular phase
99:edit on Wikidata
86:E1.0.0.0.0.0.7
47:follicular phase
31:
19:
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3972:
3948:Menstrual cycle
3938:
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3931:
3899:
3774:
3621:
3586:
3522:Ichthyoplankton
3495:
3457:
3431:
3422:
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3387:
3382:
3348:Menstrual taboo
3333:Menstrual leave
3309:
3251:
3223:
3219:Sexual activity
3192:
3183:Polymenorrhagia
3168:Oligoamenorrhea
3128:Cryptomenorrhea
3104:
3077:
3073:Creighton Model
3046:
3013:
2992:
2961:
2959:Menstrual cycle
2956:
2926:
2921:
2875:
2852:
2819:
2792:and infertility
2791:
2784:
2761:
2680:
2673:
2571:
2501:Spermatogenesis
2487:
2455:Menstrual cycle
2449:
2440:
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2337:
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2316:
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2188:
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2182:Further reading
2179:
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2124:
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2089:(9): CD011345.
2076:
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1927:Wayback Machine
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829:
828:
824:
818:Wayback Machine
809:
805:
801:
778:Menstrual cycle
759:
750:
745:
736:GnRH antagonist
686:
632:
626:
606:Ovarian failure
604:WHO group III:
547:
490:
476:
440:
434:
352:
344:hyaluronic acid
340:granulosa cells
314:
308:
284:fallopian tubes
268:menstrual cycle
252:pituitary gland
225:menstrual cycle
197:menstrual cycle
189:
144:ovarian cells.
120:as part of the
103:
58:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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3979:
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3970:
3968:Theriogenology
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3878:Vegreville egg
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3368:Period poverty
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3200:
3198:
3197:Related events
3194:
3193:
3191:
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3185:
3180:
3178:Oligoovulation
3175:
3173:Oligomenorrhea
3170:
3165:
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3054:
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3048:
3047:
3045:
3044:
3039:
3037:Cervical mucus
3034:
3028:
3026:
3019:
3015:
3014:
3012:
3011:
3006:
3000:
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2597:
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2587:
2585:Sexual arousal
2581:
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2573:
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2568:
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2562:
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2551:
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2506:spermatogonium
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2399:
2392:
2391:External links
2389:
2387:
2386:
2358:(3): 238–246.
2343:
2331:
2314:
2304:(11): 958–67.
2293:
2258:
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2006:
1988:
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1368:
1339:(6535): 1562.
1319:
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1175:
1162:
1142:
1121:(23): 1796–9.
1097:
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1021:
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822:
811:Ovulation Test
802:
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749:
746:
685:
682:
669:A low dose of
644:oligomenorrhea
628:Main article:
625:
622:
615:
614:
610:WHO group IV:
608:
602:
595:
580:
579:
565:
562:Oligoovulation
546:
543:
501:cervical mucus
475:
472:
436:Main article:
433:
430:
390:fallopian tube
351:
348:
333:corona radiata
307:
304:
262:(FSH). In the
188:
185:
169:fertilized egg
105:
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95:
89:
88:
83:
77:
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71:
65:
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3863:Organizations
3861:
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3838:Humpty Dumpty
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3557:Ovoviviparity
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3463:Fossil record
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3293:Menstrual pad
3291:
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3288:Menstrual cup
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3273:Menstrual pad
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3229:Mental health
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3139:
3138:Hypomenorrhea
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3056:
3055:
3053:
3049:
3043:
3042:Mittelschmerz
3040:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3029:
3027:
3023:
3020:
3016:
3010:
3007:
3005:
3002:
3001:
2999:
2995:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2970:
2968:
2964:
2960:
2953:
2948:
2946:
2941:
2939:
2934:
2933:
2930:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2905:
2903:
2900:
2898:
2895:
2893:
2890:
2888:
2885:
2884:
2882:
2878:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2863:
2861:
2859:
2855:
2849:
2848:Breastfeeding
2846:
2844:
2841:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2831:
2830:
2828:
2826:
2822:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2797:
2795:
2793:
2787:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2772:
2770:
2768:
2764:
2758:
2755:
2753:
2749:
2746:
2742:
2739:
2737:
2734:
2732:
2729:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2713:
2712:
2709:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2691:
2690:
2687:
2686:
2684:
2682:
2676:
2670:
2667:
2665:
2662:
2660:
2657:
2655:
2652:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2641:
2640:Fertilization
2638:
2636:
2633:
2629:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2620:
2618:
2616:
2613:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2600:
2598:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2583:
2582:
2580:
2578:
2574:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2558:
2557:
2556:
2553:
2549:
2546:
2544:
2541:
2539:
2536:
2534:
2531:
2530:
2529:
2526:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2503:
2502:
2499:
2498:
2496:
2494:
2493:Gametogenesis
2490:
2484:
2481:
2479:
2476:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2466:
2464:
2461:
2460:
2458:
2456:
2452:
2448:
2444:
2437:
2432:
2430:
2425:
2423:
2418:
2417:
2414:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2395:
2394:
2390:
2383:
2379:
2374:
2369:
2365:
2361:
2357:
2353:
2349:
2344:
2334:
2332:9780080920900
2328:
2324:
2320:
2315:
2311:
2307:
2303:
2299:
2294:
2290:
2286:
2281:
2276:
2273:(2): 225–32.
2272:
2268:
2264:
2259:
2255:
2251:
2247:
2243:
2239:
2235:
2232:(3): 151–86.
2231:
2227:
2222:
2218:
2214:
2209:
2204:
2201:(1): 116–22.
2200:
2196:
2192:
2187:
2186:
2181:
2173:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2155:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2137:
2133:
2129:
2122:
2119:
2114:
2110:
2105:
2100:
2096:
2092:
2088:
2084:
2080:
2073:
2071:
2067:
2062:
2058:
2054:
2050:
2047:(6): 549–57.
2046:
2042:
2041:Contraception
2034:
2031:
2025:
2021:
2017:
2013:
2009:
2003:
1999:
1992:
1989:
1984:
1980:
1976:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1958:
1954:
1951:(3): 220–62.
1950:
1946:
1942:
1935:
1932:
1928:
1924:
1921:
1916:
1914:
1912:
1908:
1903:
1899:
1895:
1889:
1885:
1884:
1876:
1873:
1868:
1864:
1860:
1856:
1853:(5): 586–99.
1852:
1848:
1840:
1837:
1832:
1826:
1822:
1816:
1811:
1808:
1803:
1801:9789387162303
1797:
1793:
1792:
1784:
1781:
1776:
1772:
1768:
1764:
1760:
1756:
1752:
1748:
1744:
1740:
1736:
1729:
1726:
1721:
1717:
1712:
1707:
1704:(7): 1835–9.
1703:
1699:
1695:
1692:(July 1999).
1691:
1684:
1681:
1676:
1672:
1667:
1662:
1658:
1654:
1650:
1646:
1645:Proc Biol Sci
1642:
1635:
1632:
1627:
1623:
1619:
1615:
1611:
1607:
1603:
1599:
1591:
1588:
1576:
1572:
1566:
1563:
1552:
1548:
1542:
1539:
1528:
1524:
1518:
1515:
1504:
1502:9780781788076
1498:
1494:
1493:
1485:
1482:
1477:
1473:
1469:
1465:
1460:
1455:
1452:(3): 269–79.
1451:
1447:
1443:
1436:
1433:
1422:
1418:
1411:
1408:
1396:
1392:
1386:
1383:
1378:
1372:
1369:
1364:
1360:
1355:
1350:
1346:
1342:
1338:
1334:
1330:
1323:
1320:
1309:
1307:9780313391750
1303:
1299:
1295:
1288:
1285:
1273:
1269:
1263:
1260:
1247:
1246:coveville.com
1243:
1237:
1234:
1222:
1218:
1212:
1209:
1198:
1196:9780123820334
1192:
1188:
1187:
1179:
1176:
1165:
1163:9781401811921
1159:
1155:
1154:
1146:
1143:
1138:
1134:
1129:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1112:
1109:(June 1999).
1108:
1101:
1098:
1093:
1091:9780321887603
1087:
1083:
1076:
1074:
1072:
1068:
1063:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1035:
1028:
1026:
1022:
1011:
1009:9782884491716
1005:
1001:
997:
990:
987:
976:
974:9780618755714
970:
966:
965:
957:
954:
943:
941:9780472030279
937:
933:
928:
927:
918:
915:
904:
902:9788131211502
898:
894:
890:
883:
880:
869:
865:
859:
856:
845:
843:9780443068508
839:
835:
834:
826:
823:
819:
815:
812:
807:
804:
798:
794:
793:Fertilisation
791:
789:
788:Mittelschmerz
786:
784:
781:
779:
776:
774:
771:
769:
768:Corpus luteum
766:
764:
761:
760:
756:
754:
747:
744:
739:
737:
733:
729:
725:
721:
716:
714:
713:gonadotropins
710:
706:
702:
698:
694:
690:
683:
681:
679:
676:By contrast,
674:
672:
667:
665:
661:
657:
653:
652:egg retrieval
649:
645:
641:
637:
631:
623:
621:
619:
613:
609:
607:
603:
600:
596:
593:
590:WHO group I:
589:
588:
587:
585:
577:
573:
569:
566:
563:
560:
559:
558:
556:
552:
544:
542:
540:
535:
528:
527:fertilization
523:
519:
516:
514:
510:
509:Mittelschmerz
506:
502:
497:
495:
489:
488:Mittelschmerz
485:
481:
473:
471:
469:
465:
461:
457:
453:
449:
445:
444:corpus luteum
439:
431:
429:
425:
422:
418:
414:
410:
406:
401:
399:
395:
391:
387:
383:
379:
375:
371:
366:
364:
360:
356:
349:
347:
345:
341:
338:
334:
329:
327:
323:
319:
313:
305:
303:
301:
297:
293:
289:
285:
281:
277:
273:
269:
266:phase of the
265:
261:
257:
253:
249:
248:anterior lobe
245:
240:
238:
234:
230:
226:
218:
214:
210:
206:
202:
198:
193:
186:
184:
182:
178:
174:
170:
166:
162:
158:
154:
150:
145:
143:
139:
135:
131:
127:
123:
122:ovarian cycle
119:
115:
111:
100:
94:
90:
87:
84:
82:
78:
75:
72:
70:
66:
61:
56:
52:
51:ovarian cycle
48:
44:
40:
36:
30:
25:
20:
3924:
3912:
3705:Onsen tamago
3561:
3163:Metrorrhagia
3133:Dysmenorrhea
2988:Luteal phase
2982:
2973:Menstruation
2752:Paternal age
2748:Maternal age
2721:Tanner scale
2704:Virilization
2699:Feminization
2649:Implantation
2635:Insemination
2619:Ejaculation
2595:Masturbation
2511:spermatocyte
2483:Luteal phase
2477:
2468:Menstruation
2355:
2351:
2336:. Retrieved
2322:
2301:
2297:
2270:
2266:
2229:
2225:
2198:
2194:
2135:
2131:
2121:
2086:
2082:
2044:
2040:
2033:
1997:
1991:
1948:
1944:
1934:
1882:
1875:
1850:
1846:
1839:
1820:
1810:
1790:
1783:
1742:
1738:
1728:
1701:
1697:
1683:
1648:
1644:
1634:
1604:(1): 82–93.
1601:
1597:
1590:
1579:. Retrieved
1577:. 2020-06-18
1574:
1565:
1554:. Retrieved
1550:
1541:
1530:. Retrieved
1526:
1517:
1506:. Retrieved
1491:
1484:
1449:
1445:
1435:
1424:. Retrieved
1420:
1410:
1398:. Retrieved
1394:
1385:
1371:
1336:
1332:
1322:
1311:. Retrieved
1297:
1287:
1275:. Retrieved
1271:
1262:
1250:. Retrieved
1248:. 2015-02-03
1245:
1236:
1225:. Retrieved
1220:
1211:
1200:. Retrieved
1185:
1178:
1167:. Retrieved
1152:
1145:
1118:
1114:
1100:
1081:
1040:(3): 212–9.
1037:
1033:
1013:. Retrieved
999:
989:
978:. Retrieved
963:
956:
945:. Retrieved
925:
917:
906:. Retrieved
892:
882:
871:. Retrieved
867:
858:
847:. Retrieved
832:
825:
806:
751:
732:GnRH agonist
717:
699:(OID) of an
696:
687:
675:
668:
663:
642:(PCOS) and
633:
616:
581:
550:
548:
536:
532:
517:
498:
491:
452:progesterone
441:
438:Luteal phase
432:Luteal phase
426:
402:
373:
367:
353:
330:
326:menstruation
315:
264:preovulatory
244:hypothalamus
241:
227:, after the
222:
205:luteal phase
199:, after the
181:menstruation
149:luteal phase
146:
109:
108:
55:luteal phase
43:uterine tube
3823:Fabergé egg
3123:Anovulation
3087:Suppression
2997:Life stages
2897:Dyspareunia
2892:Dysorgasmia
2838:Development
2138:: 1147306.
2028:pp. 257–258
1883:Infertility
1690:Weinberg CR
1395:momjunction
1107:Weinberg CR
705:progestogen
654:. Usually,
568:Anovulation
286:toward the
165:endometrium
136:, when the
126:vertebrates
63:Identifiers
3942:Categories
3833:HowToBasic
3828:Free range
3803:Easter egg
3798:Decorating
3780:In culture
3670:Deep fried
3591:Components
3471:Cephalopod
3378:Tampon tax
3118:Amenorrhea
2917:Vaginismus
2887:Anorgasmia
2741:Adrenarche
2736:Spermarche
2716:Gonadarche
2338:2013-11-09
1966:2268/91368
1902:1083163793
1581:2021-07-29
1556:2021-07-29
1532:2021-07-29
1508:2013-11-09
1426:2023-05-22
1313:2013-11-09
1227:2023-05-22
1202:2013-11-09
1169:2013-11-09
1015:2013-11-09
980:2013-11-09
947:2013-11-09
908:2013-11-09
873:2021-07-29
849:2013-11-09
722:including
525:Chance of
413:Meiosis II
310:See also:
292:fertilized
173:conception
153:fertilized
3958:Midwifery
3788:Balancing
3750:Scrambled
3562:Ovulation
3552:Oviparity
3532:Oogenesis
3491:Pathology
3453:Monotreme
3323:Chhaupadi
3110:Disorders
3009:Menopause
2983:Ovulation
2843:Lactation
2833:Thelarche
2810:Andrology
2757:Menopause
2654:Pregnancy
2644:Fertility
2599:Erection
2555:Germ cell
2528:Oogenesis
2516:spermatid
2478:Ovulation
2154:1664-2392
2024:781956734
2016:0091-9721
1759:0039-128X
783:Oogenesis
572:menarchal
545:Disorders
503:, and in
468:paracrine
417:metaphase
405:meiosis I
361:(LH) and
350:Ovulation
258:(LH) and
211:(LH) and
124:for most
116:from the
114:egg cells
110:Ovulation
37:(LH), an
22:Ovulation
3914:Category
3715:Powdered
3700:Omelette
3695:Meringue
3645:Benedict
3612:membrane
3512:Egg cell
3485:dinosaur
3328:In Islam
3018:Tracking
3004:Menarche
2780:Vivipary
2750: /
2731:Menarche
2726:Pubarche
2608:Clitoral
2560:gonocyte
2533:oogonium
2463:Menarche
2382:29313033
2254:40594356
2217:12849812
2172:37455908
2163:10344356
2113:37709293
2104:10501857
2061:22078182
1975:10882541
1923:Archived
1867:22611175
1775:20604171
1767:23831784
1739:Steroids
1720:10402400
1675:15503991
1626:40401379
1618:15216427
1476:46065468
1468:12853171
1137:10362823
1062:29063110
1054:12797075
814:Archived
757:See also
701:estrogen
691:inhibit
448:estrogen
386:fimbriae
355:Estrogen
276:follicle
217:estrogen
171:. If no
163:lining (
3926:Commons
3895:Tossing
3890:Tapping
3885:Rolling
3873:Pysanka
3858:Organic
3853:Oomancy
3765:Soufflé
3755:Shirred
3720:Pickled
3710:Poached
3675:Deviled
3660:Coddled
3655:Century
3627:As food
3617:Chalaza
3577:Trophic
3547:Oviduct
3537:Ootheca
3507:Allergy
3500:Biology
3481:Reptile
3256:Hygiene
3051:Systems
2815:Hormone
2711:Puberty
2373:5689497
2310:1293040
2289:8142540
2246:9665835
1815:Page 54
1666:1810066
1400:26 July
1363:3087519
1354:1340563
601:(PCOS).
594:failure
539:hormone
300:implant
250:of the
187:Process
179:during
161:uterine
118:ovaries
74:D010060
49:of the
3848:Oology
3818:Egging
3793:Carton
3760:Smoked
3745:Scotch
3740:Salted
3725:Quiche
3680:Eggnog
3650:Boiled
3582:Zygote
3527:Oogamy
3517:Embryo
3363:Niddah
3283:Tampon
2871:Female
2825:Breast
2628:Female
2615:Orgasm
2603:Penile
2565:gamete
2538:oocyte
2380:
2370:
2329:
2308:
2287:
2252:
2244:
2215:
2170:
2160:
2152:
2111:
2101:
2059:
2022:
2014:
2004:
1983:873489
1981:
1973:
1900:
1890:
1865:
1827:
1798:
1773:
1765:
1757:
1718:
1673:
1663:
1624:
1616:
1499:
1474:
1466:
1361:
1351:
1304:
1277:15 Feb
1223:. 2012
1193:
1160:
1135:
1088:
1060:
1052:
1006:
971:
938:
934:–133.
899:
840:
486:, and
398:uterus
376:. The
374:stigma
288:uterus
272:stigma
177:vagina
142:oocyte
39:oocyte
3735:Salad
3685:Fried
3640:Balut
3608:Shell
3603:White
3572:Tooth
3567:Spawn
3542:Ovary
3436:Types
3025:Signs
2543:ootid
2521:sperm
2250:S2CID
1979:S2CID
1771:S2CID
1622:S2CID
1551:WebMD
1472:S2CID
1252:3 Feb
1058:S2CID
868:WebMD
799:Notes
734:or a
513:smell
394:cilia
296:sperm
294:by a
290:. If
157:sperm
130:women
128:. In
97:[
3843:Hunt
3690:Iron
3610:and
3598:Yolk
3476:Fish
3443:Bird
3420:Eggs
2866:Male
2775:Ovum
2623:Male
2548:ovum
2378:PMID
2327:ISBN
2306:PMID
2285:PMID
2242:PMID
2213:PMID
2168:PMID
2150:ISSN
2109:PMID
2087:2023
2057:PMID
2020:OCLC
2012:ISSN
2002:ISBN
1971:PMID
1898:OCLC
1888:ISBN
1863:PMID
1825:ISBN
1817:in:
1796:ISBN
1763:PMID
1755:ISSN
1716:PMID
1671:PMID
1614:PMID
1497:ISBN
1464:PMID
1402:2016
1359:PMID
1302:ISBN
1279:2016
1254:2015
1191:ISBN
1158:ISBN
1133:PMID
1086:ISBN
1050:PMID
1004:ISBN
969:ISBN
936:ISBN
897:ISBN
838:ISBN
582:The
450:and
335:and
316:The
69:MeSH
3770:Tea
3730:Roe
2767:Egg
2445:of
2368:PMC
2360:doi
2275:doi
2234:doi
2203:doi
2158:PMC
2140:doi
2099:PMC
2091:doi
2049:doi
1961:hdl
1953:doi
1855:doi
1747:doi
1706:doi
1661:PMC
1653:doi
1649:271
1606:doi
1454:doi
1349:PMC
1341:doi
1337:292
1123:doi
1119:340
1042:doi
932:132
718:In
703:or
155:by
3944::
2642:/
2376:.
2366:.
2354:.
2350:.
2302:30
2300:.
2283:.
2271:50
2269:.
2265:.
2248:.
2240:.
2230:19
2228:.
2211:.
2199:80
2197:.
2193:.
2166:.
2156:.
2148:.
2136:14
2134:.
2130:.
2107:.
2097:.
2085:.
2081:.
2069:^
2055:.
2045:84
2043:.
2018:.
2010:.
1977:.
1969:.
1959:.
1949:21
1947:.
1943:.
1910:^
1896:.
1861:.
1851:18
1849:.
1769:.
1761:.
1753:.
1743:78
1741:.
1737:.
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