847:
2192:
968:
291:
283:
594:
939:
2596:
139:
3383:
113:
881:
696:
999:
783:
815:
1028:
754:
910:
725:
609:
during the breeding season (with a few species defending territories year round). There is strong mate and site fidelity in the species that have been studied, with one record of a pair defending the same site for 20 years. A single nesting attempt is made per breeding season, which is timed over the
619:
is shared but not proportionally, females tend to take more incubation and males engage in more territory defence. Incubation varies by species, lasting between 24–39 days. Oystercatchers are also known to practice "egg dumping." Like the cuckoo, they sometimes lay their eggs in the nests of other
614:
of oystercatchers are simple affairs, scrapes in the ground which may be lined, and placed in a spot with good visibility. The eggs of oystercatchers are spotted and cryptic. Between one and four eggs are laid, with three being typical in the
Northern Hemisphere and two in the south.
335:, which also breed inland, far inland in some cases. In the past there has been a great deal of confusion as to the species limits, with discrete populations of all black oystercatchers being afforded specific status but pied oystercatchers being considered one single species.
644:, while both the African and Eurasian oystercatchers are considered near threatened. There has been conflict with commercial shellfish farmers, but studies have found that the impact of oystercatchers is much smaller than that of shore crabs.
537:. The bill shape varies between species, according to the diet. Those birds with blade-like bill tips pry open or smash mollusc shells, and those with pointed bill tips tend to probe for
3554:
3593:
323:. They are found on coasts worldwide apart from the polar regions and some tropical regions of Africa and South East Asia. The exceptions to this are the
2191:
846:
1452:
3528:
3567:
1325:
1234:
1135:
1411:
3698:
1203:. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. Vol. 222. New York: American Museum of Natural History. pp. 139, 229.
1080:
1157:
L'histoire de la natvre des oyseavx : avec levrs descriptions, & naïfs portraicts retirez du natvrel, escrite en sept livres
1112:
Systema
Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis
1093:
967:
3655:
874:
355:
238:
1371:"Buttonquail, thick-knees, sheathbills, plovers, oystercatchers, stilts, painted-snipes, jacanas, Plains-wanderer, seedsnipes"
290:
3572:
3580:
2595:
1445:
1315:
795:
629:
557:
and insect larvae. The diet of coastal oystercatchers is more varied, although dependent upon coast type; on estuaries,
453:
The different species of oystercatcher show little variation in shape or appearance. They range from 39–50 centimetres (
282:
3463:
3450:
1078:
Hockey, P (1996). "Family
Haematopodidae (Oystercatchers)". In del Hoyo, J.; Elliot, A. & Sargatal, J. (editors).
138:
3507:
1362:
1300:
922:
328:
3598:
593:
3520:
3382:
1438:
1171:
839:
807:
679:
398:
332:
215:
1395:
931:
397:
in 1555. The family
Haematopodidae was introduced (as the subfamily Haematopodinae) by the French naturalist
3693:
991:
775:
3403:
982:
859:
766:
708:
522:
496:
421:
365:
324:
3629:
2488:
951:
902:
829:
717:
633:
254:
3468:
2735:
938:
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3660:
3608:
3489:
1915:
2775:
2243:
1818:
1619:
3688:
3683:
2671:
1565:
1294:
1011:
737:
602:
514:
3229:
2980:
2447:
2318:
1967:
1678:
3187:
3101:
2970:
2960:
2508:
1855:
1576:
1554:
1341:
893:
746:
606:
133:
120:
3331:
3267:
2661:
2641:
2498:
2341:
2053:
1905:
1688:
1430:
393:
meaning foot, referring to the red legs of the
Eurasian oystercatcher; it had been in use since
3634:
3341:
3198:
2950:
3616:
3559:
3476:
3359:
2808:
2755:
2546:
2129:
1639:
1419:
1321:
1230:
1131:
1089:
542:
525:
is slightly exceptional in being either all-black or pied. They are large, obvious, and noisy
521:
of all species is either all-black, or black (or dark brown) on top and white underneath. The
2471:
2433:
2294:
3621:
3111:
2991:
2744:
2651:
2409:
2103:
1544:
1366:
1204:
1115:(in Latin). Vol. 1 (10th ed.). Holmiae (Stockholm): Laurentii Salvii. p. 152.
616:
569:
worms are the most important part of the diet, whereas rocky shore oystercatchers prey upon
307:
3441:
383:
112:
3084:
2402:
2233:
2147:
1520:
1505:
1462:
1270:
975:
880:
695:
637:
430:
360:
190:
390:
3515:
3502:
3299:
2284:
2270:
2167:
1866:
1290:
998:
822:
814:
782:
688:
438:
3677:
2824:
2799:
2784:
2359:
2263:
2136:
2112:
1982:
1106:
1053:
of North
Carolina, and which is evidently considered a synonym of the extant species
960:
870:
416:
376:
351:
234:
70:
1274:
1254:
1155:
553:
The diet of oystercatchers varies with location. Species occurring inland feed upon
3308:
3250:
3236:
3132:
3118:
2899:
2835:
2564:
2553:
2423:
2386:
2368:
2329:
2156:
2010:
1999:
1975:
1875:
1702:
1654:
1250:
1175:
1151:
1027:
753:
412:
394:
246:
3481:
3455:
1370:
1110:
909:
1198:
605:, although there are reports of polygamy in the Eurasian oystercatcher. They are
3585:
3541:
3435:
3205:
3177:
3146:
3139:
3046:
3030:
3003:
2934:
2892:
2869:
2700:
2613:
2454:
2019:
1946:
1926:
1761:
1709:
1608:
1259:(in English and French). Vol. 1. London: W. Innys and R. Manby. p. 85.
405:
45:
1425:
3319:
3281:
3163:
3077:
2914:
2851:
2844:
2707:
2580:
2522:
2515:
2375:
2348:
2308:
2301:
2277:
2176:
2119:
2060:
2043:
2036:
2026:
1955:
1829:
1695:
1629:
1587:
1493:
1046:
1020:
803:
724:
582:
566:
90:
55:
17:
3349:
3212:
3039:
2717:
2440:
2254:
2209:
2088:
2081:
2074:
2067:
1935:
1886:
1794:
1741:
1721:
611:
562:
554:
200:
150:
95:
3426:
1396:
Haematopus palliatus
Temminick 1820 (American oystercatcher) at FossilWorks
3420:
3274:
3243:
3219:
3156:
3091:
3012:
2885:
2529:
2416:
1989:
1838:
1598:
1481:
1050:
533:, with massive long orange or red bills used for smashing or prying open
433:
in 1843 established this as the preferred term, replacing the older name
170:
85:
80:
65:
60:
50:
3533:
3061:
3019:
2878:
2764:
2682:
2625:
2573:
2395:
1895:
1664:
1499:
620:
species such as seagulls, abandoning them to be raised by those birds.
570:
558:
538:
534:
518:
100:
75:
3366:
3257:
2923:
2817:
2691:
2536:
2478:
2461:
1845:
1475:
578:
574:
526:
426:
160:
3546:
3397:
1208:
3642:
3170:
3125:
3070:
1487:
592:
437:, although the term had earlier been used by the Welsh Naturalist
344:
314:
303:
289:
281:
3494:
3288:
2724:
641:
530:
180:
3401:
2611:
2207:
1792:
1518:
1434:
1256:
The
Natural History of Carolina, Florida and the Bahama Islands
1026:
997:
966:
937:
908:
879:
845:
813:
781:
752:
723:
694:
545:, with females being longer-billed and heavier than males.
517:
is the heaviest, at 819 g (1 lb 13 oz). The
499:
is the lightest on average, at 526 grams (1 pound
3355:
3337:
3327:
3263:
3225:
3194:
3183:
3152:
3107:
3097:
2986:
2976:
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2866:
2713:
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2657:
2647:
2637:
2542:
2504:
2494:
2484:
2467:
2429:
2337:
2314:
2290:
2239:
2229:
2125:
2049:
2032:
1995:
1963:
1911:
1901:
1851:
1814:
1675:
1651:
1635:
1625:
1615:
1604:
1594:
1582:
1572:
1561:
1550:
1540:
1200:
3410:
3318:
3298:
3060:
3029:
3002:
2933:
2913:
2865:
2834:
2807:
2798:
2774:
2754:
2734:
2690:
2681:
2624:
2563:
2385:
2358:
2328:
2253:
2220:
2166:
2146:
2102:
2009:
1954:
1945:
1925:
1885:
1865:
1828:
1805:
1760:
1740:
1720:
1674:
1650:
1531:
1426:LIVE webcam at the seashore in Namsos, Norway 2013
1279:. Vol. 2. London: J. Van Voorst. p. 496.
640:of New Zealand and is listed as endangered by the
1160:(in French). Paris: Gilles Corrozet. p. 203.
350:was introduced in 1758 by the Swedish naturalist
1229:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 113.
1446:
8:
1180:Nuovi Annali delle Scienze Naturali, Bologna
1128:The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names
1041:Several fossil species are known, including
632:became extinct during the 20th century. The
3398:
2939:
2804:
2687:
2630:
2621:
2608:
2217:
2204:
1951:
1802:
1789:
1528:
1515:
1453:
1439:
1431:
111:
31:
1130:. London: Christopher Helm. p. 184.
654:
601:Nearly all species of oystercatcher are
1412:images and movies of the oystercatcher
1220:
1218:
1066:
1377:. International Ornithologists' Union
1342:"Birds Dumping Eggs on the Neighbors"
1227:The Oxford Book of British Bird Names
1074:
1072:
1070:
481:inches) in length and 72–91 cm (
364:to accommodate a single species, the
7:
3648:3D37427F-D730-122A-CBDA-D82F4658446E
3609:f8618f39-96c5-4039-8aa2-d7179d27fcff
3521:96576e7d-6e69-468e-b2ba-20a57230a328
1176:"Synopsis vertebratorum systematis"
652:The genus contains twelve species.
1081:Handbook of the Birds of the World
286:American oystercatchers with chick
25:
1317:CRC Handbook of Avian Body Masses
888:Europe, Asia and northern Africa
3381:
2594:
2190:
1375:IOC World Bird List Version 11.2
137:
1422:on the Internet Bird Collection
425:, which he described as eating
1344:. Sciencedaily.com. 2011-06-03
495:–36 in) in wingspan. The
1:
863:or Palaearctic oystercatcher
597:Oystercatcher chicks and eggs
1314:John B. Dunning Jr. (1992).
796:Canary Islands oystercatcher
761:West coast of North America
630:Canary Islands oystercatcher
273:
3699:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
657:
581:. Other prey items include
3715:
1276:A History of British Birds
1045:(Brodkorb, 1955) from the
923:South Island oystercatcher
659:Species in taxonomic order
329:South Island oystercatcher
3378:
2942:
2633:
2620:
2607:
2592:
2216:
2203:
2188:
1801:
1788:
1527:
1514:
1470:
1320:. CRC Press. p. 98.
1172:Bonaparte, Charles Lucien
1126:Jobling, James A (2010).
673:
670:
667:
664:
513: ounces), while the
270:
265:
252:
245:
134:Scientific classification
132:
119:
110:
34:
1465:and their extinct allies
1197:Bock, Walter J. (1994).
790:North and South America
680:Magellanic oystercatcher
429:. The English zoologist
333:Magellanic oystercatcher
1414:(Haematopus ostralegus)
1225:Lockwood, W.B. (1984).
703:Southern South America
126:Haematopus longirostris
41:Middle Miocene – Recent
1031:
1002:
983:Variable oystercatcher
971:
942:
913:
884:
860:Eurasian oystercatcher
850:
818:
786:
767:American oystercatcher
757:
728:
709:Blackish oystercatcher
699:
598:
523:variable oystercatcher
497:Eurasian oystercatcher
366:Eurasian oystercatcher
325:Eurasian oystercatcher
295:
287:
3630:Paleobiology Database
1030:
1001:
970:
952:Chatham oystercatcher
941:
912:
883:
849:
830:African oystercatcher
817:
785:
756:
727:
698:
634:Chatham oystercatcher
596:
369:Haematopus ostralegus
313:, which has a single
293:
285:
255:Haematopus ostralegus
3516:Fauna Europaea (new)
1420:Oystercatcher videos
1369:, eds. (July 2021).
1055:Haematopus palliatus
1303:. pp. 482–483.
1296:British Zoology v.2
1043:Haematopus sulcatus
1012:Sooty oystercatcher
738:Black oystercatcher
720:& Oudart, 1825
610:summer months. The
585:, fish, and crabs.
515:sooty oystercatcher
386:meaning blood, and
2736:Synthliboramphini
1365:; Donsker, David;
1032:
1003:
972:
943:
914:
894:Pied oystercatcher
885:
851:
819:
787:
758:
729:
700:
636:is endemic to the
599:
577:, gastropods, and
296:
288:
121:Pied oystercatcher
3671:
3670:
3617:Open Tree of Life
3404:Taxon identifiers
3395:
3394:
3391:
3390:
3376:
3375:
3056:
3055:
2909:
2908:
2861:
2860:
2794:
2793:
2603:
2602:
2590:
2589:
2199:
2198:
2186:
2185:
2098:
2097:
1784:
1783:
1780:
1779:
1367:Rasmussen, Pamela
1327:978-0-8493-4258-5
1236:978-0-19-214155-2
1137:978-1-4081-2501-4
1088:. Lynx Edicions.
1039:
1038:
543:sexual dimorphism
541:worms. They show
399:Charles Bonaparte
371:. The genus name
280:
279:
241:
219:
16:(Redirected from
3706:
3664:
3663:
3651:
3650:
3638:
3637:
3625:
3624:
3612:
3611:
3602:
3601:
3589:
3588:
3586:NBNSYS0000188685
3576:
3575:
3563:
3562:
3550:
3549:
3537:
3536:
3524:
3523:
3511:
3510:
3498:
3497:
3485:
3484:
3472:
3471:
3459:
3458:
3446:
3445:
3444:
3431:
3430:
3429:
3399:
3386:
3385:
3357:
3339:
3329:
3265:
3227:
3196:
3185:
3154:
3109:
3099:
2988:
2978:
2968:
2958:
2948:
2940:
2868:
2805:
2745:Synthliboramphus
2715:
2688:
2669:
2659:
2652:Hydrotherikornis
2649:
2639:
2631:
2622:
2609:
2598:
2544:
2506:
2496:
2486:
2469:
2431:
2339:
2316:
2292:
2241:
2231:
2218:
2205:
2194:
2127:
2104:Recurvirostridae
2051:
2034:
1997:
1965:
1952:
1913:
1903:
1853:
1816:
1803:
1790:
1677:
1653:
1637:
1627:
1617:
1606:
1596:
1584:
1574:
1563:
1552:
1545:Charadriisimilis
1542:
1529:
1516:
1455:
1448:
1441:
1432:
1398:
1393:
1387:
1386:
1384:
1382:
1359:
1353:
1352:
1350:
1349:
1338:
1332:
1331:
1311:
1305:
1304:
1287:
1281:
1280:
1271:Yarrell, William
1267:
1261:
1260:
1247:
1241:
1240:
1222:
1213:
1212:
1194:
1188:
1187:
1168:
1162:
1161:
1148:
1142:
1141:
1123:
1117:
1116:
1103:
1097:
1076:
854:Southern Africa
655:
512:
511:
507:
504:
494:
493:
489:
486:
480:
479:
475:
472:
466:
465:
461:
458:
415:in 1731 for the
233:
214:
142:
141:
115:
105:
42:
38:Temporal range:
32:
21:
3714:
3713:
3709:
3708:
3707:
3705:
3704:
3703:
3674:
3673:
3672:
3667:
3659:
3654:
3646:
3641:
3633:
3628:
3620:
3615:
3607:
3605:
3597:
3592:
3584:
3579:
3571:
3566:
3558:
3553:
3545:
3540:
3532:
3527:
3519:
3514:
3506:
3501:
3493:
3488:
3480:
3475:
3467:
3462:
3454:
3449:
3440:
3439:
3434:
3425:
3424:
3419:
3406:
3396:
3387:
3380:
3372:
3314:
3294:
3085:Chroicocephalus
3052:
3025:
2998:
2929:
2905:
2857:
2830:
2790:
2770:
2750:
2730:
2677:
2616:
2599:
2586:
2559:
2381:
2354:
2324:
2249:
2212:
2195:
2182:
2162:
2148:Ibidorhynchidae
2142:
2094:
2005:
1941:
1921:
1881:
1861:
1824:
1797:
1776:
1756:
1736:
1716:
1670:
1646:
1523:
1521:Charadriiformes
1510:
1506:Charadriiformes
1466:
1459:
1407:
1402:
1401:
1394:
1390:
1380:
1378:
1361:
1360:
1356:
1347:
1345:
1340:
1339:
1335:
1328:
1313:
1312:
1308:
1291:Pennant, Thomas
1289:
1288:
1284:
1269:
1268:
1264:
1249:
1248:
1244:
1237:
1224:
1223:
1216:
1196:
1195:
1191:
1170:
1169:
1165:
1150:
1149:
1145:
1138:
1125:
1124:
1120:
1105:
1104:
1100:
1086:Hoatzin to Auks
1077:
1068:
1063:
1049:of Florida and
1019:
990:
976:Chatham Islands
959:
957:H. chathamensis
930:
901:
899:H. longirostris
869:
862:
837:
806:
774:
745:
716:
687:
650:
638:Chatham Islands
626:
591:
551:
509:
505:
502:
500:
491:
487:
484:
482:
477:
473:
470:
468:
463:
459:
456:
454:
451:
443:British Zoology
441:in 1776 in his
431:William Yarrell
375:comes from the
361:Systema Naturae
354:in 1758 in the
341:
302:are a group of
261:
258:
232:
213:
191:Charadriiformes
136:
123:
106:
104:
103:
98:
93:
88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
63:
58:
53:
48:
40:
39:
36:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3712:
3710:
3702:
3701:
3696:
3694:Haematopodidae
3691:
3686:
3676:
3675:
3669:
3668:
3666:
3665:
3652:
3639:
3626:
3613:
3603:
3590:
3577:
3564:
3551:
3538:
3525:
3512:
3503:Fauna Europaea
3499:
3486:
3473:
3460:
3447:
3432:
3416:
3414:
3408:
3407:
3402:
3393:
3392:
3389:
3388:
3379:
3377:
3374:
3373:
3371:
3370:
3363:
3353:
3346:
3335:
3324:
3322:
3316:
3315:
3313:
3312:
3304:
3302:
3300:Stercorariidae
3296:
3295:
3293:
3292:
3285:
3278:
3271:
3261:
3254:
3247:
3240:
3233:
3223:
3216:
3209:
3202:
3192:
3181:
3174:
3167:
3160:
3150:
3143:
3136:
3129:
3122:
3115:
3105:
3095:
3088:
3081:
3074:
3066:
3064:
3058:
3057:
3054:
3053:
3051:
3050:
3043:
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3027:
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3023:
3016:
3008:
3006:
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2999:
2997:
2996:
2984:
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2964:
2954:
2943:
2937:
2931:
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2928:
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2919:
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2911:
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2896:
2889:
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2874:
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2863:
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2859:
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2855:
2848:
2840:
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2821:
2813:
2811:
2802:
2796:
2795:
2792:
2791:
2789:
2788:
2780:
2778:
2776:Brachyramphini
2772:
2771:
2769:
2768:
2760:
2758:
2752:
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2749:
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2740:
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2406:
2399:
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2372:
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2332:
2326:
2325:
2323:
2322:
2312:
2305:
2298:
2288:
2281:
2274:
2271:Hydrophasianus
2267:
2259:
2257:
2251:
2250:
2248:
2247:
2244:Scolopacimilis
2237:
2226:
2224:
2222:incertae sedis
2214:
2213:
2208:
2201:
2200:
2197:
2196:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2183:
2181:
2180:
2172:
2170:
2168:Haematopodidae
2164:
2163:
2161:
2160:
2152:
2150:
2144:
2143:
2141:
2140:
2133:
2123:
2116:
2108:
2106:
2100:
2099:
2096:
2095:
2093:
2092:
2085:
2078:
2071:
2064:
2057:
2047:
2040:
2030:
2023:
2015:
2013:
2007:
2006:
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1993:
1986:
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1958:
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1919:
1909:
1899:
1891:
1889:
1883:
1882:
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1879:
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1867:Pluvianellidae
1863:
1862:
1860:
1859:
1849:
1842:
1834:
1832:
1826:
1825:
1823:
1822:
1819:Cherevychnavis
1811:
1809:
1807:incertae sedis
1799:
1798:
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1620:Sarjeantopodus
1613:
1602:
1592:
1580:
1570:
1559:
1548:
1537:
1535:
1533:incertae sedis
1525:
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1405:External links
1403:
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1301:Benjamin White
1282:
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1107:Linnaeus, Carl
1098:
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1017:H. fuliginosus
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823:Canary Islands
820:
811:
801:H. meadewaldoi
798:
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791:
788:
779:
769:
763:
762:
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750:
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734:
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732:South America
730:
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590:
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547:
450:
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439:Thomas Pennant
417:North American
411:was coined by
340:
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311:Haematopodidae
300:oystercatchers
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260:Linnaeus, 1758
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35:Oystercatchers
27:Genus of birds
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18:Oystercatchers
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3208:
3207:
3203:
3201:
3200:
3193:
3190:
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3182:
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3175:
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3172:
3168:
3166:
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3141:
3137:
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3127:
3123:
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3106:
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3086:
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3080:
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3075:
3073:
3072:
3068:
3067:
3065:
3063:
3059:
3049:
3048:
3044:
3042:
3041:
3037:
3036:
3034:
3032:
3028:
3022:
3021:
3017:
3015:
3014:
3010:
3009:
3007:
3005:
3001:
2994:
2993:
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2854:
2853:
2849:
2847:
2846:
2842:
2841:
2839:
2837:
2833:
2827:
2826:
2825:Ptychoramphus
2822:
2820:
2819:
2815:
2814:
2812:
2810:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2800:Fraterculinae
2797:
2787:
2786:
2785:Brachyramphus
2782:
2781:
2779:
2777:
2773:
2767:
2766:
2762:
2761:
2759:
2757:
2753:
2747:
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2698:
2697:
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2680:
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2673:
2672:Pseudocepphus
2666:
2664:
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2656:
2654:
2653:
2646:
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2643:
2636:
2635:
2632:
2629:
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2615:
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2597:
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2378:
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2360:Rostratulidae
2357:
2351:
2350:
2346:
2344:
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2335:
2333:
2331:
2327:
2321:
2320:
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2287:
2286:
2282:
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2275:
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2264:Actophilornis
2261:
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2256:
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2246:
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2238:
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2235:
2228:
2227:
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2193:
2179:
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2171:
2169:
2165:
2159:
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2154:
2153:
2151:
2149:
2145:
2139:
2138:
2137:Recurvirostra
2134:
2132:
2131:
2124:
2122:
2121:
2117:
2115:
2114:
2113:Cladorhynchus
2110:
2109:
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2017:
2016:
2014:
2012:
2008:
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1983:Hoploxypterus
1980:
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1593:
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1568:
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1566:Fluviatitavis
1560:
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1257:
1253:(1729–1732).
1252:
1251:Catesby, Mark
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1152:Belon, Pierre
1147:
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1094:84-87334-20-2
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867:H. ostralegus
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685:H. leucopodus
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674:Distribution
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409:oystercatcher
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377:Ancient Greek
374:
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356:tenth edition
353:
352:Carl Linnaeus
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87:
82:
77:
72:
67:
62:
57:
52:
47:
33:
30:
19:
3411:
3365:
3358:
3348:
3340:
3330:
3309:Stercorarius
3307:
3287:
3280:
3273:
3266:
3256:
3249:
3242:
3237:Rhodostethia
3235:
3230:Pseudosterna
3228:
3218:
3211:
3204:
3197:
3186:
3176:
3169:
3162:
3155:
3145:
3138:
3133:Hydrocoloeus
3131:
3124:
3119:Gelochelidon
3117:
3110:
3100:
3090:
3083:
3076:
3069:
3045:
3038:
3018:
3011:
2990:
2981:Paractiornis
2979:
2969:
2959:
2949:
2922:
2900:Praemancalla
2898:
2891:
2884:
2877:
2850:
2843:
2836:Fraterculini
2823:
2816:
2783:
2763:
2743:
2723:
2716:
2706:
2699:
2670:
2660:
2650:
2640:
2579:
2572:
2565:Thinocoridae
2552:
2545:
2535:
2528:
2521:
2514:
2507:
2497:
2487:
2477:
2470:
2460:
2453:
2448:Limnocryptes
2446:
2439:
2432:
2424:Coenocorypha
2422:
2415:
2408:
2401:
2394:
2387:Scolopacidae
2374:
2369:Nycticryphes
2367:
2347:
2340:
2330:Pedionomidae
2319:Nupharanassa
2317:
2307:
2300:
2293:
2283:
2276:
2269:
2262:
2242:
2232:
2221:
2175:
2157:Ibidorhyncha
2155:
2135:
2128:
2118:
2111:
2087:
2080:
2073:
2066:
2059:
2052:
2042:
2035:
2025:
2018:
2011:Charadriinae
1998:
1988:
1981:
1976:Erythrogonys
1974:
1968:Dolicopterus
1966:
1934:
1914:
1904:
1894:
1876:Pluvianellus
1874:
1854:
1844:
1837:
1817:
1806:
1708:
1703:Palaeotringa
1701:
1694:
1687:
1679:Graculavidae
1663:
1655:Laornithidae
1638:
1628:
1618:
1607:
1597:
1586:
1575:
1564:
1553:
1543:
1532:
1492:Infraclass:
1413:
1391:
1379:. Retrieved
1374:
1357:
1346:. Retrieved
1336:
1316:
1309:
1295:
1285:
1275:
1265:
1255:
1245:
1226:
1199:
1192:
1183:
1182:(in Latin).
1179:
1166:
1156:
1146:
1127:
1121:
1111:
1101:
1085:
1084:. Volume 3:
1079:
1054:
1042:
1040:
1016:
1006:New Zealand
987:
956:
946:New Zealand
927:
898:
866:
834:
800:
772:H. palliatus
771:
742:
713:
684:
665:Common name
658:
651:
627:
624:Conservation
600:
552:
452:
442:
434:
422:H. palliatus
420:
413:Mark Catesby
408:
403:
395:Pierre Belon
387:
380:
372:
368:
359:
347:
342:
319:
318:
310:
306:forming the
299:
297:
271:
253:
247:Type species
228:
227:
210:
125:
29:
3542:iNaturalist
3436:Wikispecies
3206:Onychoprion
3188:Limicolavis
3178:Leucophaeus
3147:Ichthyaetus
3140:Hydroprogne
3102:Feducciavis
3047:Rhinoptilus
3031:Glareolinae
3004:Glareolinae
2971:Mioglareola
2961:Boutersemia
2935:Glareolidae
2893:Miomancalla
2870:Mancallinae
2509:Parvelorius
2455:Limnodromus
2020:Anarhynchus
1947:Pluvianidae
1927:Pluvianidae
1856:Genucrassum
1771:See below ↓
1751:See below ↓
1731:See below ↓
1710:Telmatornis
1609:Palintropus
1577:Jiliniornis
1555:Eupterornis
1363:Gill, Frank
1186:: 105–133 .
988:H. unicolor
743:H. bachmani
607:territorial
583:echinoderms
449:Description
406:common name
3689:Shorebirds
3684:Haematopus
3678:Categories
3456:Haematopus
3442:Haematopus
3412:Haematopus
3332:Cerestenia
3320:Turnicidae
3282:Thalasseus
3268:Sternalara
3164:Larosterna
3078:Chlidonias
2915:Dromadidae
2852:Fratercula
2845:Cerorhinca
2662:Miocepphus
2642:Divisulcus
2581:Thinocorus
2523:Prosobonia
2516:Phalaropus
2499:Paractitis
2376:Rostratula
2349:Pedionomus
2342:Oligonomus
2309:Microparra
2302:Metopidius
2278:Irediparra
2177:Haematopus
2120:Himantopus
2061:Oreopholus
2054:Jilniornis
2044:Elseyornis
2037:Dorypaltus
2027:Charadrius
1956:Vanellinae
1906:Chionoides
1830:Burhinidae
1696:Graculavus
1689:Dakotornis
1630:Scandiavis
1588:Morsoravis
1494:Neognathae
1463:shorebirds
1461:Genera of
1348:2012-12-20
1299:. London:
1061:References
1047:Barstovian
1035:Australia
928:H. finschi
917:Australia
835:H. moquini
617:Incubation
603:monogamous
567:polychaete
563:gastropods
555:earthworms
373:Haematopus
348:Haematopus
331:, and the
320:Haematopus
229:Haematopus
197:Suborder:
3350:Ortyxelos
3342:Eocliffia
3213:Pagophila
3199:Limosavis
3040:Cursorius
2992:Precursor
2951:Becassius
2718:Pinguinus
2441:Gallinago
2410:Bartramia
2255:Jacanidae
2210:Scolopaci
2089:Thinornis
2082:Pluvialis
2075:Phegornis
2068:Peltohyas
1936:Pluvianus
1887:Chionidae
1795:Charadrii
1742:Scolopaci
1722:Charadrii
1474:Kingdom:
1410:ARKive –
1381:18 August
840:Bonaparte
808:Bannerman
668:Binomial
401:in 1838.
274:see table
216:Bonaparte
201:Charadrii
157:Kingdom:
151:Eukaryota
3495:45509140
3421:Wikidata
3360:Turnipax
3275:Sternula
3244:Rynchops
3220:Phaetusa
3157:Laricola
3092:Creagrus
3013:Glareola
2886:Mancalla
2809:Aethiini
2756:Cepphini
2547:Villetus
2530:Scolopax
2479:Numenius
2417:Calidris
2403:Arenaria
2130:Kashinia
1990:Vanellus
1839:Burhinus
1640:Volgavis
1599:Nahmavis
1482:Chordata
1480:Phylum:
1476:Animalia
1293:(1776).
1273:(1845).
1209:2246/830
1174:(1838).
1154:(1555).
1109:(1758).
1051:Zanclean
903:Vieillot
871:Linnaeus
842:, 1856)
776:Temminck
718:Vieillot
589:Breeding
559:bivalves
535:molluscs
419:species
339:Taxonomy
294:Juvenile
272:Twelve,
266:Species
235:Linnaeus
207:Family:
171:Chordata
167:Phylum:
161:Animalia
147:Domain:
3560:1395435
3534:2480260
3112:Gaviota
3062:Laridae
3020:Stiltia
2879:Alcodes
2765:Cepphus
2683:Alcinae
2626:Alcidae
2574:Attagis
2489:Nuntius
2472:Mirolia
2434:Elorius
2396:Actitis
2295:Janipes
2234:Hakawai
1896:Chionis
1665:Laornis
1504:Order:
1500:Neoaves
1498:Clade:
1486:Class:
1023:, 1845
994:, 1844
992:Forster
963:, 1927
961:Hartert
934:, 1897
932:Martens
905:, 1817
810:, 1913
778:, 1820
749:, 1838
747:Audubon
714:H. ater
691:, 1826
648:Species
579:chitons
575:mussels
571:limpets
549:Feeding
539:annelid
519:plumage
508:⁄
490:⁄
476:⁄
462:⁄
435:sea pie
427:oysters
358:of his
224:Genus:
187:Order:
177:Class:
3661:147435
3622:193407
3606:NZOR:
3573:176468
3427:Q27515
3367:Turnix
3258:Sterna
2924:Dromas
2818:Aethia
2692:Alcini
2537:Tringa
2462:Limosa
2285:Jacana
2000:Viator
1916:Neilus
1846:Esacus
1324:
1233:
1134:
1092:
689:Garnot
671:Image
529:-like
527:plover
379:words
327:, the
308:family
304:waders
218:, 1838
3656:WoRMS
3643:Plazi
3635:39586
3599:32635
3555:IRMNG
3508:96894
3251:Rissa
3171:Larus
3126:Gygis
3071:Anous
2554:Xenus
1021:Gould
612:nests
531:birds
381:haima
345:genus
315:genus
3594:NCBI
3568:ITIS
3547:4837
3529:GBIF
3482:4SGR
3469:4544
3464:BOLD
3289:Xema
2725:Uria
2708:Alle
2701:Alca
2614:Lari
1762:Lari
1488:Aves
1383:2021
1322:ISBN
1231:ISBN
1132:ISBN
1090:ISBN
875:1758
642:IUCN
628:The
565:and
404:The
391:πούς
388:pous
384:αἳμα
343:The
298:The
239:1758
181:Aves
46:PreꞒ
3581:NBN
3490:EoL
3477:CoL
3451:AFD
1205:hdl
3680::
3658::
3645::
3632::
3619::
3596::
3583::
3570::
3557::
3544::
3531::
3518::
3505::
3492::
3479::
3466::
3453::
3438::
3423::
2995:"?
1373:.
1217:^
1178:.
1069:^
1057:.
873:,
573:,
561:,
483:28
469:19
455:15
445:.
317:,
237:,
128:)
96:Pg
3356:†
3345:?
3338:†
3328:†
3264:†
3226:†
3195:†
3191:?
3184:†
3153:†
3108:†
3098:†
2989:"
2987:†
2977:†
2967:†
2957:†
2947:†
2867:†
2714:†
2668:†
2658:†
2648:†
2638:†
2543:†
2505:†
2495:†
2485:†
2468:†
2430:†
2338:†
2315:†
2291:†
2240:†
2230:†
2126:†
2050:†
2033:†
1996:†
1971:?
1964:†
1912:†
1902:†
1852:†
1815:†
1713:?
1681:?
1676:†
1657:?
1652:†
1643:?
1636:†
1626:†
1616:†
1612:?
1605:†
1595:†
1591:"
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1583:†
1573:†
1569:?
1562:†
1558:?
1551:†
1541:†
1454:e
1447:t
1440:v
1385:.
1351:.
1330:.
1239:.
1211:.
1207::
1184:2
1140:.
1096:.
838:(
804:†
510:2
506:1
503:+
501:2
492:2
488:1
485:+
478:2
474:1
471:+
467:–
464:2
460:1
457:+
124:(
101:N
91:K
86:J
81:T
76:P
71:C
66:D
61:S
56:O
51:Ꞓ
20:)
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