179:, Dickson J. Preston locates a "fortified village" of the Ozinie, "south of the Chester River in present Queen Anne's County" that was encountered by English settlers in the 1630s. The Ozinie at that time were frequently at odds with the Susquehannocks, and English settlers would go on to pit the different tribes of the Eastern Shore against the Ozinie as part of a strategy to eradicate their presence, as the Ozinie were among the most hostile of the region's tribes to English settlers and made it clear that they rejected English presence, laws and customs.
203:
and flints, and every sixth man was to bring along an axe. Details of the war that followed have been lost, but it was certainly a great success from the whites' point of view. Philemon Lloyd, colonel of the Talbot militia who took part, later reported with grim satisfaction that it had "been brought to an end by the defeat and total destruction of a nation of savages called the
Wicomesses." As nearly as can be determined, not a single man, woman, or child, was left alive.
202:
A colonial expedition with Major Thomas Ingram of Talbot County as field commander was quickly organized. He was authorized to raise an army of 40 men, including 60 from Talbot, by drafting every tenth able-bodied man in the province. Each man was to supply his own clothing, gun, sword, powder, shot,
182:
Military extermination campaigns and settler incursions further scattered the Ozinie population over the following decades. Ozinie
Indians themselves encountered a legal apartheid system, where incidents such as the murder of Ozinie Indians by English settlers would go unpunished, while violence by
191:
Indians. That produced demands for vengeance from white settlers throughout the
Eastern Shore. The settlers enlisted the help of the other tribes and sent out an expedition which wiped out the entire nation, to that the last man, woman, and child, in what may have ben America's first genocidal
197:
According to
Preston, the assistance of the Nanticokes in this campaign was negotiated in return for hunting and fishing rights. The campaign recruited men from a proportion of settler families in the area:
832:
442:
869:
183:
Ozinie
Indians against English settlers were dealt with in colonial courts. In 1667, tensions came to a head, according to Talbot County historian Dickson J. Preston:
654:
756:
801:
910:
609:
515:
915:
827:
746:
435:
131:. Dr. Jon Seidel recently speculated Indiantown Farm in modern-day Queen Anne's County as a possible location of the village. The Ozinie may have used
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428:
363:
100:
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691:
806:
394:
853:
696:
659:
905:
822:
736:
303:
771:
721:
726:
706:
188:"In 1667 Captain James Odber, military commander of the district, and his servant were murdered, allegedly by Wicomesses
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796:
761:
408:
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208:
Other sources argue that Ozinie assimilated with the neighboring
Nanticokes by the 1660s.
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123:
At the time of the arrival of
English settlers in the 1630s, they lived in a village near
112:
83:
593:
128:
889:
781:
731:
545:
124:
623:
405:
Indigenous
Cultural Landscape Study of the Chester and Sassafrass River Watersheds.
322:
280:"Indigenous Cultural Landscape Study of the Chester and Sassafras River Watersheds"
384:
628:
500:
485:
420:
776:
649:
495:
409:
https://home.nps.gov/cajo/learn/upload/CAJO_FINAL-ICL-REPORT_2023_0314-508.pdf
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358:(1st ed.). Centreville, Md: Tidewater Publishers. pp. 39–41.
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862:
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815:
684:
668:
637:
616:
602:
564:
456:
77:
65:
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41:
29:
175:encountered the Ozinie in 1608. In his monograph,
389:. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press.
354:Preston, Dickson J.; Harrington, Norman (1983).
143:They had an estimated population of 255 people.
757:Iron Hill Cut Jasper Quarry Archeological Site
802:Walker Prehistoric Village Archeological Site
436:
8:
22:
828:Magothy Quartzite Quarry Archeological Site
747:Heath Farm Jasper Quarry Archeological Site
443:
429:
421:
386:The Disappearing Islands of the Chesapeake
245:
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233:The Disappearing Islands of the Chesapeake
227:
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417:(1st ed.). Centreville, MD: Tidewater P.
251:"Maryland at a Glance: Native Americans"
870:Native American place names in Maryland
323:"Eastern Neck National Wildlife Refuge"
217:
295:
407:Chestertown, MD: Washington College.
7:
833:National Archives Archeological Site
349:
347:
345:
343:
273:
271:
42:Regions with significant populations
911:Native American history of Maryland
916:Native American tribes in Maryland
787:Nolands Ferry I Archeological Site
742:Heath Farm Camp Archeological Site
692:Aisquith Farm E Archeological Site
14:
807:Willin Village Archeological Site
403:Seidel, John (28 December 2022).
278:Seidel, John (28 December 2022).
155:language and were related to the
854:Baltimore American Indian Center
697:Arundel Cove Archaeological Site
327:U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service
660:Shawnee Old Fields Village Site
901:Extinct Native American tribes
823:Broad Creek Soapstone Quarries
737:Grear Prehistoric Village Site
1:
772:McCandless Archeological Site
722:Buckingham Archeological Site
727:Bumpstead Archeological Site
451:Native Americans in Maryland
413:Preston, Dickson J. (1983).
458:Historic and present tribes
383:Cronin, William B. (2005).
932:
896:Eastern Algonquian peoples
797:Shoemaker III Village Site
302:: CS1 maint: url-status (
762:Katcef Archeological Site
82:
70:
58:
46:
34:
816:Other prehistoric places
516:Piscataway Indian Nation
415:Talbot County: a history
356:Talbot County: a history
177:Talbot County: A History
72:Native American religion
685:Prehistoric communities
255:Maryland Manual On-Line
103:living near modern-day
589:Susquehannock language
206:
195:
16:Native American people
906:Kent County, Maryland
199:
185:
109:Kent County, Maryland
78:Related ethnic groups
838:Old Colony Cove Site
638:Historic communities
566:Historical languages
167:17th-century history
151:The Ozinie spoke an
95:, also known as the
707:Beck Northeast Site
702:Barton Village Site
669:Prehistoric peoples
645:Accokeek Creek Site
604:Present territories
579:Piscataway language
231:William B. Cronin,
135:for shellfishing.
133:Eastern Neck Island
127:that flowed in the
26:
574:Nanticoke language
163:-speaking tribe,
99:, were a group of
60:Eastern Algonquian
36:Extinct as a tribe
883:
882:
767:Martins Pond Site
717:Brinsfield I Site
584:Powhatan language
365:978-0-87033-305-7
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923:
792:Sandy Point Site
617:Historic figures
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113:hunter-gatherers
101:Native Americans
30:Total population
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782:Monocacy Site
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732:Elkridge Site
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546:Susquehannock
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125:Chester River
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863:Other topics
847:Institutions
624:Turkey Tayac
414:
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330:. Retrieved
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286:. Retrieved
258:. Retrieved
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207:
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115:and fished.
111:. They were
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92:
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35:
19:Ethnic group
676:Monongahela
629:Indian Will
501:Nacotchtank
288:1 September
890:Categories
777:Meyer Site
655:Nottingham
650:Caiuctucuc
521:Piscataway
496:Mattawoman
471:Assateague
377:References
173:John Smith
161:Algonquian
159:, another
153:Algonquian
139:Population
752:Hoye Site
556:Yaocomico
506:Nanticoke
157:Nanticoke
119:Territory
105:Rock Hall
84:Nanticoke
54:Languages
875:We-Sorts
551:Tockwogh
536:Powhatan
531:Potapoco
526:Pocomoke
511:Patuxent
481:Choptank
476:Chaptico
466:Accokeek
298:cite web
260:April 6,
235:, p. 41.
171:Captain
147:Language
97:Wicomiss
66:Religion
48:Maryland
25:Wicomiss
541:Shawnee
332:7 April
491:Lumbee
393:
362:
93:Ozinie
23:Ozinie
283:(PDF)
212:Notes
107:, in
486:Doeg
391:ISBN
360:ISBN
334:2023
304:link
290:2024
262:2023
192:war.
91:The
892::
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325:.
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300:}}
296:{{
270:^
253:.
240:^
220:^
444:e
437:t
430:v
399:.
368:.
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292:.
264:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.