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136:(source also of Old Norse eiðr, Swedish ed, Old Saxon, Old Frisian eth, Middle Dutch eet, Dutch eed, German Eid, Gothic aiþs "oath"), from PIE *oi-to- "an oath" (source also of Old Irish oeth "oath"). Common to Celtic and Germanic, possibly a loan-word from one to the other, but the history is obscure and it may ultimately be non-Indo-European, in reference to careless invocations of divinity, from the late 12th century.
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360:, strike the Roman people as I strike this pig here to-day, and strike them the more, as thou art greater and stronger." Here no doubt the underlying notion is not merely symbolical, but in origin the stone is itself the god, an idea which later religion expressed in the cult-title specially used in this connection,
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stated in 5:12 "Above all, my brothers, do not swear—not by heaven or by earth or by anything else. Let your 'Yes' be yes, and your 'No', no, or you will be condemned." Beyond this scriptural authority, Quakers place importance on being truthful at all times, so the testimony opposing oaths springs
603:
God does not hold you responsible for the mere utterance of oaths; He holds you responsible for your actual intentions. If you violate an oath, you shall atone by feeding ten poor people from the same food you offer to your own family, or clothing them, or by freeing a slave. If you cannot afford
778:
Instead of, or in addition to, holding one's hand upon an object of ceremonial importance, it can be customary for a person swearing an oath to hold a raised hand in a specific gesture. Most often the right hand is raised. This custom has been explained with reference to medieval practices of
529:
from a view that "taking legal oaths implies a double standard of truthfulness" suggesting that truthfulness in legal contexts is somehow more important than truthfulness in non-legal contexts and that truthfulness in those other contexts is therefore somehow less important.
477:(d. 324 BCE), who held that "it is the oath which holds democracy together", religion, morality and political organization had been linked by the oath, and the oath and its prerequisite altar had become the basis of both civil and criminal, as well as international law.
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827:, instructed: "While taking this oath the scout will stand, holding his right hand raised level with his shoulder, palm to the front, thumb resting on the nail of the digitus minimus (little finger) and the other three fingers upright, pointing upwards."
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In traditional Greek folk songs, such as The Dead
Brother's Song, the significance of the oath is highlighted. The power of an oath is such that it transcends death, as the deceased brother arises from the grave to fulfill his oath to his mother.
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In the modern law, oaths are made by a witness to a court of law before giving testimony and usually by a newly appointed government officer to the people of a state before taking office. However, in both of those cases, an
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30:2: "When a man voweth a vow unto the Lord, or sweareth an oath to bind his soul with a bond, he shall not break his word; he shall do according to all that proceedeth out of his mouth." According to the Rabbis, a
672:. Hedin vowed that he would have Sváva, Eylimi's daughter, the beloved of his brother Helgi; then such great grief seized him that he went forth on wild paths southward over the land, and found Helgi, his brother.
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this, then you shall fast three days. This is the atonement for violating the oaths that you swore to keep. You shall fulfill your oaths. God thus explains His revelations to you, that you may be appreciative.
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passage where Jesus or his apostles took oaths — the judge could not, but this did not allow Fox to escape punishment. Legal reforms from the 18th century onwards mean that everyone in the
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interpret this reading as forbidding all types of oaths, however. Opposition to oath-taking among some groups of
Christian caused many problems for these groups throughout their history.
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instead. Nowadays, even when there is no notion of sanctity involved, certain promises said out loud in ceremonial or juridical purpose are referred to as oaths. "To
689:(ch. 3); Michel Margue, "Vogelgelübde" am Hof des Fürsten. Ritterliches Integrationsritual zwischen Traditions- und Gegenwartsbezug (14. – 15. Jahrhundert)
660:-woman; she rode on a wolf, and had snakes in place of a bridle. She asked Hedin for his company. "Nay," said he. She said, "Thou shalt pay for this at the
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731:, who will certify the giving of the oath by affixing her or his seal to the document. Willfully delivering a false oath (or affirmation) is the crime of
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8:21, when God swears that he will "never again curse the ground because of man and never again smite every living thing". This repetition of the term
348:) which was preserved in the temple of Iuppiter on the Capitol, and was brought out to play a prominent part in the ceremony of treaty-making. The
335:, an aspect of Jupiter in his role as divine law-maker responsible for order and used principally for the investiture of the oathtaking of office.
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a court case in a state of the United States about taking oaths by different scriptures. The results have reversed several times.
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There are some places where there is a confusion between the "oath" and other statements or promises. For example, the current
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can usually be replaced with a written statement, only if the author swears the statement is true. This statement is called an
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Shortly after US president John F. Kennedy was shot, Lyndon
Johnson was sworn in as the new president on board Air Force One
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as a sign of verity. A common legal substitute for those who conscientiously object to making sacred oaths is to give an
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Making vows and taking oaths became a symbolic concept in law practice that developed over time in different cultures.
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411:, are taken seriously. It is mentioned that people would give up their lives, but not break a vow. Due to this, King
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Such Norse traditions are directly parallel to the "bird oaths" of late medieval France, such as the
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and remain loyal to the king, who would be a descendant of
Satyavati. Thus, Devavrata got the name
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judicial swearing, solemn appeal to deity in witness of truth or a promise," from Proto-Germanic
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A Practical
Reference to Religious Diversity for Operational Police and Emergency Services
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Various religious groups have objected to the taking of oaths, most notably the
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covers oaths as well as many other topics (in review as of 12/2/2006 but the
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or Jewish Oath, rooted in antisemitism and accompanied by certain ceremonies.
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was brought in, the men laid their hands thereon, and took their vows at the
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The first personage in the biblical tradition to take an oath is held to be
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has several publications for
Australia dealing with multi-faith issues and
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from the daughters of Canaan, but rather from among
Abraham's own family.
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in spite of his proposal to swear the oath as a "matter of form".
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Metsudah
Chumash and Rashi, KTAV Publishing House, 1991. page 88
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697:"Under oath" redirects here. For the American rock band, see
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were frequently imprisoned because of their refusal to swear
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initiates an internal change in the one who swears the oath.
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ACLU of N.C. & Syidah
Matteen v. State of North Carolina
572:
has chosen to affirm rather than swear at his inauguration.
423:'s insistence) and thus had to exile his favorite son, Lord
517:. Here, Christ is reported as having said: "I say to you: '
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used to describe the taking of an oath, to making a solemn
1258:. London, UK: Archibald Constable & Co. Ltd. (Source:
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Supreme Court website (jury oath, witness oath and so on)
750:, but vows are really just a particular kind of an oath.
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relates: Hedin was coming home alone from the forest one
1170:, trans. Raffan, Harvard University Press (1985), 250ff.
204:
takes oath as regent of the Empire of Brazil before the
1149:. London: Archibald Constable & Co. Ltd. p. 7
277:(usually translated as "vow") refers to the object, a
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and the German civil service, pledging allegiance to
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A new police officer in the US being sworn in, 2018.
513:. This is principally based on Matthew 5:34–37, the
450:'s father would marry her to Devrata's father, King
297:changes the status of some external thing, while a
1295:North Carolina faith leaders supporting Quran oath
1051:Australasian Police Multicultural Advisory Bureau
664:." That evening the great vows were taken; the
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340:
289:, an important distinction between the two in
230:The concept of oaths is deeply rooted within
26:"Sworn In" redirects here. For the band, see
8:
861:in a manner similar to the Hippocratic Oath.
643:was significantly based on oaths of fealty.
268:The foundational text for oath making is in
1184:. Αθήνα: Μορφωτικό Ίδρυμα Εθνικής Τραπέζης.
646:A prose passage inserted in the eddic poem
921:, a Hittite text on two cuneiform tablets.
679:(oath on the pheasant) or the (fictional)
544:. Testifying in court was also difficult;
342:We have, for instance, the sacred stone (
331:was held in the Roman tradition to be an
140:Historical development as a legal concept
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454:. He also took an oath to not rule the
183:in 1831, during a period known as the
995:, in the fiction of J. R. R. Tolkien.
587:as he was judged unable to swear the
368:The punisher of broken oaths was the
7:
1182:Ιστορία της Νεοελληνικής Λογοτεχνίας
906:Notable oaths in history and fiction
319:or the Jupiter Stone located in the
556:now has the right to make a solemn
16:Personal affirmation of a statement
963:, sworn by German soldiers of the
579:was denied a seat as an MP in the
435:for fourteen years in the forest.
14:
1309:John Quincy Adams' Oath of Office
933:, by Polish king John II Casimir.
683:(oath on the peacock). Huizinga,
356:, saying as he did so, "Do thou,
313:tradition, oaths were sworn upon
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581:Parliament of the United Kingdom
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1016:and a small group of companions
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1003:Romance of the Three Kingdoms
813:can be made while giving the
800:Three-finger salute (Serbian)
686:The Autumn of the Middle Ages
250:Shavous 36a for this ruling.
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1255:The Religion of Ancient Rome
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1262:. Accessed: March 16, 2011)
723:. This is in contrast to a
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202:Isabel, Princess Imperial
999:Oath of the Peach Garden
823:the movement's founder,
560:instead of an oath. The
1180:Πολίτης, Λίνος (2002).
257:, the chief servant of
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1252:Bailey, Cyril (1907).
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19:For other uses, see
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1230:Robert Baden-Powell
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955:Oaths of Strasbourg
873:Oath of citizenship
859:veterinary medicine
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851:Veterinarian's Oath
825:Robert Baden-Powell
485:Christian tradition
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1283:2007-09-11 at the
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1235:Scouting for Boys
1092:Sworn declaration
1005:by Luo Guanzhong.
987:Tennis Court Oath
983:or Scout Promise.
949:Oath More Judaico
915:in Hindu culture.
820:Scouting for Boys
595:Islamic tradition
577:Charles Bradlaugh
575:As late as 1880,
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1067:Confirmation
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1319:In Our Time
1117:"oath (n.)"
1061:2nd Edition
971:personally.
961:Hitler Oath
715:affirmation
666:sacred boar
558:affirmation
405:Mahabharata
399:, like the
397:Hindu epics
240:never again
213: 1870
119:Anglo-Saxon
95:affirmation
89:taken by a
62:Anglo-Saxon
1329:Categories
1247:References
1206:James 5:12
1153:2015-08-18
1035:Law portal
981:Scout Oath
811:Scout Sign
789:Schwurhand
783:Schwurhand
774:, Finland.
693:Modern law
670:bragarfull
662:bragarfull
546:George Fox
534:Christians
507:Hutterites
499:Mennonites
495:Anabaptist
413:Dasharatha
333:Oath Stone
173:triumviral
1287:from the
1166:Burkert,
965:Wehrmacht
931:Lwów Oath
720:affidavit
699:Underoath
633:Feudalism
611:Chapter 5
448:Satyavati
433:Lakshmana
358:Diespiter
113:Etymology
91:sacrality
79:statement
1315:The Oath
1298:Archived
1281:Archived
1232:(1908).
1021:See also
638:Germanic
607:—
532:Not all
452:Shantanu
446:so that
444:celibacy
421:Manthara
409:pratigya
403:and the
401:Ramayana
370:infernal
913:Bhishma
766:on the
733:perjury
585:atheism
538:Quakers
460:Bhishma
456:kingdom
440:Devrata
417:Kaikeyi
309:In the
291:Halakha
270:Numbers
259:Abraham
255:Eliezer
236:Genesis
232:Judaism
179:in the
101:" is a
87:promise
52:, 1973.
975:Omertà
772:Anjala
764:charge
744:pledge
729:notary
629:Symbel
609:Quran
372:deity
350:fetial
285:and a
279:shâmar
248:Talmud
133:*aiþaz
75:plight
60:(from
1335:Oaths
1103:Notes
817:. In
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