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In addition to Italy, the design was also produced under license in Japan. Major Pompeo Grillo, a heavy artillery specialist was hired in April 1884 to help the construction of a new artillery plant in Osaka. The description from
Brassey's Naval Annual of 1892 reads "The howitzer was a 28-cm rifled
484:
At the outbreak of the First World War, it is estimated there were 22 Obice da 280's deployed in coastal batteries. 12 guns were deployed near SpartĂ and 10 were deployed near
Calabria guarding the straights of Messina. For transport, the Obice da 280 could be broken down into multiple wagon loads
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592:
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of the period with an inner steel barrel reinforced with multiple layers of cast iron hoops. Starting in 1890 the
Italians produced the design in a number of different lengths and they were designated by their diameter and length in calibers
464:
Although the majority of combatants had heavy field artillery prior to the outbreak of the First World War, none had adequate numbers of heavy guns in service, nor had they foreseen the growing importance of heavy artillery once the
452:
In 1908 the
Italian coastal artillery analyzed reports from the Russo-Japanese War of the performance of the Japanese guns and found them unsatisfactory. This led to the adoption of two new guns to replace the Obice da 280, the
443:
buffers. When the gun fired the hydraulic buffer slowed the recoil of the cradle which slid up a set of inclined rails on the firing platform and then returned to position by the combined action of the buffers and gravity.
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568:
481:. Suitable field and rail carriages were built for these guns in an effort to give their forces the heavy field artillery needed to overcome trenches and hardened concrete fortifications.
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In the
Coastal Defense role, the Obice da 280 was mounted on a rectangular carriage which consisted of a large diameter geared steel ring set into a concrete slab behind a
753:
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After the independence and unification of Italy, the
Italians were not self-sufficient in arms design and production. Foreign firms such as Armstrong,
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797:
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and then reassembled onsite on using cranes and winches. Many were removed from their coastal fortifications and were deployed on the
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breech-loader of cast iron, 9 calibers long made at Osaka, from the designs of guns made for the
Italians by Sir W.G. Armstrong". The
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431:. The mounts allowed high angles of elevation with 360° of traverse. The mount pivoted in the middle and was traversed by a
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In the coastal artillery role, the Obice da 280 was intended to pierce the thin decks of armored warships with high angle
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461:. However, neither fully replaced the Obice da 280 and a number were still on hand when Italy joined the war in 1915.
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An unknown number survived until the Second World War and were once again deployed in coastal fortifications.
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played an important role in the destruction of the fortifications and sinking the
Russian fleet during the
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which attached to the base. The recoil system for the consisted of a U-shaped gun cradle which held the
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all provided arms and helped establish local production of their designs under license.
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729:"Artiglieria del Regio Esercito Italiano (al maggio 1915) - Storia e Memoria di Bologna"
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set in. Two sources of heavy artillery suitable for conversion to field use were
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A Obice da 280 abandoned during the
Italian retreat from Caporetto.
537:- Hardened steel shell loaded with TNT, 199 kg (439 lb).
497:. What use the Austrians made of the captured guns is unknown?
348:
1107:
779:
644:"Batterie Costiere in Italia. Volume Di Carlo Alfredo Clerici"
528:
586:
A good detail photo showing the breech and carriage details.
331:
company during the late 1800s. It was used during both the
182:
Carriage: 16.17 tonnes (15.91 long tons; 17.82 short tons)
671:"Regio Esercito - Materiale bellico - Mortaio da 280/9"
180:
Barrel: 17.9 tonnes (17.6 long tons; 19.7 short tons)
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barrel and a slightly inclined firing platform with
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493:in 1917 and were captured by the Austrians in the
542:Weapons of comparable performance, role and era
1119:
791:
8:
632:. Portsmouth: J Griffin and Co. p. 292.
598:A Obice da 280 being assembled in the field.
1126:
1112:
1104:
798:
784:
776:
18:
574:A Obice da 280 captured by the Austrians.
698:. Ramsbury: Crowood. pp. 129–134.
620:
564:
327:firm and produced under license by the
1406:Cannone-Mitragliera da 20/77 (Scotti)
761:www.societaitalianastoriamilitare.org
193:2.86 m (9 ft 5 in) L/9
7:
1416:Cannone-Mitragliera da 37/54 (Breda)
665:
663:
550:- A German coastal defense howitzer.
424:bagged charges and projectiles.
556:- A French coastal defense mortar.
391:. The Obice da 280 was a typical
35:An Obice da 280 on Rhodes in 1943.
14:
696:Allied artillery of World War One
223:199–235 kg (439–518 lb)
1426:Cannone da 75/46 C.A. modello 34
1201:Cannone da 75/46 C.A. modello 34
1036:BL 13.5 inch naval gun Mk I – IV
754:"La Piazza di Messina 1939-1943"
603:
591:
579:
567:
323:designed in 1884 by the British
59:
29:
1477:World War II artillery of Italy
1462:Gio. Ansaldo & C. artillery
1472:World War I artillery of Italy
1352:Superheavy and Siege artillery
1066:Superheavy and Siege artillery
969:Naval and coastal defense guns
733:www.storiaememoriadibologna.it
302:Maximum firing range
297:460 m/s (1,500 ft/s)
149:
1:
1288:Cannone da 76/17 S modello 12
955:Cannone da 76/17 S modello 12
554:Mortier de 270 mm modèle 1889
517:- Cast iron body filled with
387:, rather than piercing their
1328:Cannone da 149/40 modello 35
1256:Field, Medium and Heavy guns
836:Field, Medium and Heavy guns
531:, 218 kg (481 lb).
521:, 235 kg (518 lb).
1364:Mortaio da 260/9 Modello 16
1283:Cannone da 75/32 modello 37
1273:Cannone da 75/27 modello 11
1268:Cannone da 75/27 modello 12
1263:Cannone da 75/27 modello 06
1237:Cannone da 65/17 modello 13
1227:Cannone da 37/10 modello 15
1083:Mortaio da 260/9 Modello 16
1078:Mortaio da 210/9 modello 14
950:Cannone da 65/17 modello 13
853:Cannone da 75/27 modello 11
848:Cannone da 75/27 modello 12
843:Cannone da 75/27 modello 06
485:for towing to the front by
459:Mortaio da 260/9 Modello 16
1493:
1333:Obice da 149/19 modello 37
1293:Obice da 100/17 modello 14
1220:Infantry and Mountain guns
938:Infantry and Mountain guns
863:Obice da 100/17 modello 14
527:- Steel shell loaded with
412:. The Obice da 280 was a
305:11.6 km (7.2 mi)
1278:Obice da 75/18 modello 35
1247:Obice da 75/18 modello 34
1196:Obice da 75/18 modello 35
1016:EOC 10-inch /45 naval gun
197:
55:Place of origin
28:
1390:Cannone navale da 381/40
1041:Cannone navale da 381/40
996:Cannon 152/32 Model 1887
986:Cannon 102/35 Model 1914
628:Brassey, Thomas (1892).
233:280 mm (11 in)
981:Cannone da 76/45 S 1911
976:Cannon 76/40 Model 1916
822:Cannone da 76/45 S 1911
1011:EOC 10 inch 40 caliber
475:coastal fortifications
1421:Cannone da 75/27 A.V.
1359:Mortaio da 210/8 D.S.
1134:Italian artillery of
1073:Mortaio da 210/8 D.S.
1057:Cannone da 381/40 AVS
1026:305 mm /46 Model 1909
1006:EOC 8 inch 45 caliber
827:Cannone da 75/27 A.V.
806:Italian artillery of
675:www.regioesercito.it
369:Siege of Port Arthur
293:Muzzle velocity
1323:Cannone da 149/35 A
1186:Solothurn S-18/1000
893:Cannone da 149/35 A
548:28 cm Haubitze L/12
535:Semi-Armor Piercing
495:Battle of Caporetto
1399:Anti-aircraft guns
1383:Railroad artillery
1050:Railroad artillery
929:Bombarda da 240 mm
924:15 cm Mörser M1881
815:Anti-aircraft guns
694:Hogg, Ian (2004).
487:artillery tractors
373:Russo-Japanese War
108:Production history
1444:
1443:
1338:Cannone da 152/45
1318:Cannone da 149/28
1308:Cannone da 105/32
1303:Cannone da 105/28
1211:Cannone da 105/25
1101:
1100:
1001:Cannone da 190/45
898:Cannone da 152/45
888:Cannone da 149/23
878:Cannone da 105/32
873:Cannone da 105/28
420:breech, and used
418:interrupted screw
337:Second World Wars
309:
308:
244:Interrupted screw
208:Separate loading
45:Coastal artillery
16:Coastal artillery
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1457:280 mm artillery
1436:Cannone da 90/53
1431:Cannone da 75/49
1242:Cannone da 70/15
1232:Cannone da 47/32
1206:Cannone da 90/53
1191:Cannone da 47/32
1170:Cannone da 75/34
1165:Cannone da 47/40
1160:Cannone da 47/32
1155:Cannone da 37/40
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960:Cannone da 70/15
919:Bombarda da 58 B
914:Bombarda da 58 A
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630:The Naval Annual
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422:separate loading
365:Japanese version
151:
89:Kingdom of Italy
67:Kingdom of Italy
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33:
24:
19:
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1467:Siege artillery
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1374:Obice da 305/17
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1343:Obice da 210/22
1313:Obice da 149/12
1298:Obice da 105/14
1251:
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1093:Obice da 305/17
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883:Obice da 149/12
868:Obice da 105/14
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455:Obice da 305/17
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416:design with an
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317:coastal defense
315:was an Italian
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78:In service
73:Service history
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1411:Breda Model 35
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471:trench warfare
469:stagnated and
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321:siege howitzer
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561:Photo Gallery
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467:Italian Front
462:
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23:Obice da 280
20:
1369:Obice da 280
1368:
1136:World War II
1088:Obice da 280
1087:
1021:Obice da 280
1020:
858:8 cm FK M. 5
764:. Retrieved
760:
748:
737:. Retrieved
735:(in Italian)
732:
722:
695:
689:
678:. Retrieved
674:
651:. Retrieved
647:
638:
629:
623:
519:black powder
504:
501:World War II
491:Isonzo front
483:
477:and surplus
463:
451:
426:
409:
405:
401:
397:
393:built-up gun
389:armored belt
382:
361:
346:
313:Obice da 280
312:
310:
190: length
131:Manufacturer
102:World War II
86:Used by
1031:100-ton gun
808:World War I
727:D-sign.it.
448:World War I
277:+6° to +75°
152: built
98:World War I
1451:Categories
945:Cannon 37F
766:2016-07-08
739:2018-07-08
705:1861267126
680:2018-07-08
653:2018-07-08
616:References
509:Ammunition
479:naval guns
437:trunnioned
1143:Tank guns
441:hydraulic
433:worm gear
353:Schneider
325:Armstrong
273:Elevation
266:Box trail
117:Armstrong
81:1890-1945
714:56655115
457:and the
283:Traverse
262:Carriage
160:Variants
141:Produced
123:Designed
113:Designer
907:Mortars
429:parapet
371:in the
357:Vickers
343:History
329:Ansaldo
229:Caliber
135:Ansaldo
712:
702:
648:Scribd
515:Common
410:280/16
408:, and
406:280/11
402:280/10
379:Design
355:, and
251:Recoil
239:Breech
220:weight
188:Barrel
167:280/16
165:280/11
163:280/10
64:
757:(PDF)
398:280/9
349:Krupp
339:.
333:First
218:Shell
204:Shell
710:OCLC
700:ISBN
335:and
319:and
311:The
287:360°
177:Mass
144:1890
126:1884
94:Wars
41:Type
529:TNT
150:No.
1453::
759:.
731:.
708:.
673:.
662:^
646:.
404:,
400:,
375:.
351:,
1127:e
1120:t
1113:v
799:e
792:t
785:v
769:.
742:.
716:.
683:.
656:.
155:?
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