1035:
1017:
786:
1005:
size as the average temperature increases. As the territory of many species starts to overlap, the rate hybridization of species that normally do not come in contact is increasing. If global climate change continues many members of
Odonata will start to disappear. Because odonates are such an old order and have such a complete fossil record they are an ideal species to study insect evolution and adaptation. For example, they are one of the first insects to develop flight and it is likely that this trait only evolved once in insects, looking at how flight works in odonates, the rest of flight can be mapped out.
1081:
587:
1069:
715:
134:
557:–filled and often colorful area bounded by veins. The functions of the pterostigma are not fully known, but it most probably has an aerodynamic effect and may also have a visual function. More mass at the end of the wing may also reduce the energy needed to move the wings up and down. The right combination of wing stiffness and wing mass could reduce the energy consumption of flying. A pterostigma is also found among other insects, such as bees.
919:
1052:
484:
764:
113:
3898:
3049:
508:
953:
suggested the stem-group dragonflies had external sperm transfer. To mate, the male claspers grasps the female by the thorax (Zygoptera) or head (Anisoptera) while the female bends her abdomen so that her own genitalia can be grasped by the copulatory organ holding the sperm. This is known as the "wheel" position.
952:
are stored after being produced by the primary genitals— whose external opening is known as the genital pore, on the ninth abdominal segment. This process is called intra-male sperm translocation (ST). Because the male copulatory organ has evolved independently from that in other insects, it has been
1004:
In addition, odonates are very sensitive to changes to average temperature. Many species have moved to higher elevations and latitudes as global temperature rises and habitats dry out. Changes to the life cycle have been recorded with increased development of the instar stages and smaller adult body
996:
of vascular plants has also been positively correlated with the species richness of dragonflies in a given habitat. This means that in a location such as a lake, if one finds a wide variety of odonates, then a similarly wide variety of plants should also be present. This correlation is not common to
560:
The nymphs have stockier, shorter, bodies than the adults. In addition to lacking wings, their eyes are smaller, their antennae longer, and their heads are less mobile than in the adult. Their mouthparts are modified, with the labium being adapted into a unique prehensile organ called a labial mask
987:
because they rely on high quality water for proper development in early life. Since their diet consists entirely of insects, odonate density is directly proportional to the population of prey, and their abundance indicates the abundance of prey in the examined
2137:
Golfieri, Bruno; Hardersen, Sönke; Maiolini, Bruno; Surian, Nicola (2016). "Odonates as indicators of the ecological integrity of the river corridor: Development and application of the
Odonate River Index (ORI) in northern Italy".
453:(Anisoptera: Petaluridae) with a body length of 117 mm (4.6 in) (some sources 125 mm (4.9 in)) and wing span of 160 mm (6.3 in). The longest extant odonate is the Neotropical helicopter damselfly
469:(Anisoptera: Libellulidae) from east Asia, with a body length of 15 mm (0.59 in) and a wing span of 20 mm (0.79 in). The smallest damselflies (and also the smallest odonates) are species of the genus
932:
Odonates are aquatic or semi-aquatic as juveniles. Thus, adults are most often seen near bodies of water and are frequently described as aquatic insects. However, many species range far from water. They are
865:
of the "Palaeoptera" are by no means resolved; what can be said however is that regardless of whether they are called "Odonatoidea" or "Odonatoptera", the
Odonata and their extinct relatives do form a
880:(in which Anisoptera is an infraorder) was proposed when it was thought that the "Anisozygoptera" was paraphyletic, composed of mostly extinct offshoots of dragonfly evolution. The four living
519:, which provide good vision, legs that facilitate catching prey (other insects) in flight, two pairs of long, transparent wings that move independently, and elongated abdomens. They have three
640:
of North
America, reached wing spans of up to 71 cm (28 in) and a body length of 43 cm (17 in), making it the largest insect of all time. This insect belonged to the order
1016:
644:, the griffinflies, related to odonates but not part of the modern order Odonata in the restricted sense. They have one of the most complete fossil records going back 319 million years.
1034:
1732:"A revision of the Mesozoic dragonfly family Tarsophlebiidae, with a discussion on the phylogenetic positions of the Tarsophlebiidae and Sieblosiidae (Odonatoptera: Panodonata)"
4276:
956:
Eggs are laid in water or on vegetation near water or wet places, and hatch to produce pronymphs which live off the nutrients that were in the egg. They then develop into
1420:
4291:
1400:
4286:
4117:
1136:
4156:
2390:
948:
at the tip of the abdomen for holding the female, and a secondary set of copulatory organs located between the second and third abdominal segment in which the
2181:
Sahlén, Göran; Ekestubbe, Katarina (16 May 2000). "Identification of dragonflies (Odonata) as indicators of general species richness in boreal forest lakes".
976:
grow and molt, usually in dusk or dawn, into the flying teneral immature adults, whose color is not yet developed. These transform into reproductive adults.
2952:
2287:
2036:
4091:
1111:
303:) are usually more slender with eyes placed apart and wings folded together along body at rest. Adult odonates can land and perch, but rarely walk.
4130:
1156:
785:
2257:
1327:
Kipping, Jens; Martens, Andreas; Suhling, Frank (2012). "Africa's smallest damselfly—a new
Agriocnemis from Namibia (Odonata: Coenagrionidae)".
1080:
2301:
546:. This allows active control of the amplitude, frequency, angle of attack, camber and twist of each of the four wings entirely independently.
1865:
1846:
1827:
1384:
1281:
1256:
542:, with flight muscles attaching directly to the wings; rather than indirect, with flight muscles attaching to the thorax, as is found in the
1106:
1151:
1917:
Bybee, Seth M.; Kalkman, Vincent J.; Erickson, Robert J.; Frandsen, Paul B.; Breinholt, Jesse W.; Suvorov, Anton; et al. (2021a).
1146:
1131:
1126:
2437:
2085:
1166:
4238:
876:
was long treated as a suborder, with a third suborder, the
Anisozygoptera (ancient dragonflies). However, the combined suborder
2945:
421:
4135:
4143:
2183:
1161:
1121:
1116:
4000:
3987:
2037:"Studies on the secondary male Genitalia of the type species of some dragonflies (Odonata: Anisoptera: Libellulidae)"
1051:
669:
is a prehistoric family of
Odonatoptera that can be considered either a basal lineage of Odonata or their immediate
4070:
2938:
1986:"Odonata: Who They Are and What They Have Done for Us Lately: Classification and Ecosystem Services of Dragonflies"
4281:
4161:
4083:
2398:
1141:
1024:
625:, making them one of the earliest groups of winged insects. The fossils of odonates and their cousins, including
349:
1677:
Ninomiya, Tomoya; Yoshizawa, Kazunori (2009). "A revised interpretation of the wing base structure in
Odonata".
133:
4296:
1041:
443:
441:(Zygoptera: Pseudostigmatidae) with a wing span of 191 mm (7.5 in). The heaviest living odonates are
1068:
3582:
2668:
437:
4207:
586:
4301:
4271:
3927:
2964:
2309:
2056:
944:
Male
Odonata have complex genitalia, different from those found in other insects. These include grasping
4306:
4192:
2520:
2430:
2291:
2265:
1896:
449:
2077:
4220:
4005:
3833:
2334:
1891:
Paulson, D.; Schorr, M.; Abbott, J.; Bota-Sierra, C.; Deliry, C.; Dijkstra, K.-D.; Lozano, F. (2023).
1001:
acting as a bioindicator of water quality due to its high quantity of time spent in and around water.
4243:
4171:
4039:
3974:
3775:
3755:
2313:
2269:
2230:
2147:
1930:
1768:
1686:
1336:
850:
In some treatments, the
Odonata are understood in an expanded sense, essentially synonymous with the
532:
3848:
2279:
2855:
2078:
Evolution and diversity of intra-male sperm translocation in Odonata: A unique behaviour in animals
1549:
1086:
997:
all bioindicators, as some may act as indicators for a different environmental factor, such as the
591:
400:, but is sometimes used to mean all Odonata. Odonata enthusiasts avoid ambiguity by using the term
341:. The adults are superb aerial hunters and their legs are specialised for catching prey in flight.
3863:
2103:
Beutel, Rolf G.; Yavorskaya, Margarita I.; Mashimo, Yuta; Fukui, Makiko; Meusemann, Karen (2017).
3873:
3795:
3770:
2200:
1506:
1482:
1394:
1058:
622:
128:
714:
4197:
3790:
1465:
Norberg, R. Ă…ke (1972). "The pterostigma of insect wings an inertial regulator of wing pitch".
549:
In most families, there is a structure on the leading edge near the tip of the wing called the
329:, although at the larval stage they will eat anything that they can overpower, including small
4179:
4026:
3823:
2834:
2689:
2655:
2163:
2119:
2017:
1966:
1958:
1804:
1796:
1712:
1659:
1641:
1535:
1447:
1380:
1352:
1277:
1252:
924:
681:
The phylogenetic tree of the orders and suborders of odonates according to Bybee et al. 2021:
528:
524:
465:
386:
1620:"Odonata (dragonflies and damselflies) as a bridge between ecology and evolutionary genomics"
4266:
4230:
4184:
4122:
3765:
3616:
3302:
2847:
2808:
2423:
2238:
2192:
2155:
2048:
2007:
1997:
1948:
1938:
1786:
1776:
1702:
1694:
1649:
1631:
1580:
1515:
1474:
1437:
1429:
1344:
1195:
993:
885:
515:
These insects characteristically have large rounded heads covered mostly by well-developed,
918:
3843:
3760:
3750:
3727:
3294:
2842:
2631:
2599:
2541:
2533:
2512:
1544:
1218:
973:
666:
562:
432:
318:
270:
2352:
2234:
2151:
1934:
1772:
1690:
1340:
763:
483:
475:(Zygoptera: Coenagrionidae) with a wing span of only 17–18 mm (0.67–0.71 in).
4078:
4065:
3902:
3858:
3853:
3838:
3785:
3388:
2904:
2705:
2639:
2615:
2554:
2546:
2089:
2012:
1985:
1730:
Fleck, G.; Bechly, G.; Martinez-Delclòs, X.; Jarzembowski, E.A.; Nel, A. (2004-06-01).
1654:
1619:
1618:
Bybee, Seth; CĂłrdoba-Aguilar, Alex; Duryea, M. Catherine; et al. (December 2016).
1442:
1415:
907:
759:
314:
307:
244:
112:
4260:
3965:
3813:
3805:
3031:
3023:
2872:
2647:
2562:
2242:
1731:
1698:
1502:"The toolkit of a hunter – functional morphology of larval mouthparts in a dragonfly"
1298:
1213:
980:
938:
660:
641:
631:
610:
539:
488:
455:
357:
326:
277:
70:
2204:
1486:
4031:
3745:
3518:
3495:
3487:
3429:
3384:
3216:
3159:
2988:
2888:
2697:
2684:
2623:
2586:
2570:
2484:
2221:
Rehn, A. (2003). "Phylogenetic analysis of higher-level relationships of Odonata".
854:
670:
656:
618:
516:
296:
215:
2159:
2052:
3909:
2104:
4148:
4104:
3979:
3959:
3868:
3800:
3732:
3687:
3633:
3534:
3464:
3315:
3253:
3129:
2896:
2880:
2821:
2761:
2753:
2710:
1943:
1918:
1781:
1756:
1414:
Bomphrey, Richard J.; Nakata, Toshiyuki; Henningsson, Per; Lin, Huai-Ti (2016).
1186:
Mickel, Clarence E. (1934). "The significance of the dragonfly name "Odonata"".
949:
934:
862:
858:
652:
614:
606:
550:
471:
460:(Zygoptera: Pseudostigmatidae) with a body length of 135 mm (5.3 in).
371:
322:
285:
281:
205:
45:
3992:
861:. In this approach, instead of Odonatoptera, the term Odonatoidea is used. The
3818:
3542:
3352:
3261:
3245:
3229:
3057:
2792:
2578:
2196:
1755:
Bybee, Seth M.; Kalkman, Vincent J.; Erickson, Robert J.; et al. (2021).
1636:
1348:
899:
894:
892:
that were formerly there are now dispersed about the Odonatoptera (or Odonata
873:
851:
780:
397:
249:
185:
90:
55:
2167:
2123:
1962:
1800:
1716:
1645:
1568:
1356:
4052:
3780:
3624:
3584:
3559:
3412:
3323:
3282:
3269:
3100:
3087:
3048:
2982:
2813:
2800:
2775:
2737:
2500:
2478:
2466:
2002:
1892:
1540:. Cambridge University Press Archive. 2018. p. 324. GGKEY:0Z7A1R071DD.
1199:
998:
989:
903:
877:
735:
709:
626:
596:
554:
496:
300:
292:
274:
256:
239:
195:
165:
145:
95:
3950:
2105:"The phylogeny of Hexapoda (Arthropoda) and the evolution of megadiversity"
2021:
1970:
1808:
1663:
1451:
1433:
447:(Anisoptera: Aeshnidae) with a wing span of 165 mm (6.5 in), and
2415:
507:
4013:
3944:
3828:
3737:
3526:
3396:
3188:
2994:
2676:
2324:
965:
648:
569:
on the abdomen, while dragonfly nymphs respire through an organ in their
543:
500:
299:
together and wings spread up or out at rest, while damselflies (suborder
289:
85:
80:
65:
60:
50:
3897:
1478:
881:
637:
334:
100:
75:
17:
1953:
1791:
1707:
1520:
1501:
4109:
3504:
3404:
3331:
3237:
3146:
3138:
2976:
2961:
2472:
2460:
957:
945:
570:
520:
380:
365:
175:
155:
4018:
3921:
4096:
4057:
4215:
984:
961:
917:
866:
585:
506:
482:
310:
1919:"Phylogeny and classification of Odonata using targeted genomics"
1757:"Phylogeny and classification of Odonata using targeted genomics"
1585:
3592:
2930:
2376:
1552:, whose expanse of wing was somewhere about twenty-seven inches.
969:
889:
566:
338:
330:
3925:
3712:
3007:
2934:
2734:
2497:
2419:
2112:
Proceedings of the Arthropod and Embryological Society of Japan
1567:
Kohli, Manpreet Kaur; Ware, Jessica L.; Bechly, GĂĽnter (2016).
884:
placed in that group are (in this treatment) in the infraorder
3602:
1542:
No Dragonfly at present existing can compare with the immense
511:
Dragonfly (top) and damselfly (bottom) wing shape and venation
27:
Order of insects that includes the dragonflies and damselflies
2408:
2362:
375:
360:
4044:
2318:— U.S. state-by-state listing with distribution maps, images
2302:"Dragonflies and Damselflies (Odonata) of the United States"
1613:
1611:
941:) throughout their life, mostly feeding on smaller insects.
531:
are on the underside of the head and include simple chewing
2342:
1569:"How to date a dragonfly: Fossil calibrations for odonates"
1379:(2nd ed.). Oxford University Press. pp. 355–358.
408:, when they mean just the Anisoptera. An alternative term
1500:
Büsse, S.; Tröger, H.-L.; Gorb, S.N. (11 August 2021).
1101:
Various lists of Odonata species of different regions:
385:) "tooth". One hypothesis is that it was because their
3545:(net-winged insects: lacewings, mantidflies, antlions)
922:
Ovipositing flight of two pairs of azure damselflies (
1562:
1560:
1375:
Hoell, H.V., Doyen, J.T. & Purcell, A.H. (1998).
288:. The two groups are distinguished with dragonflies (
659:. What they do share with mayflies is the nature of
3934:
3615:
3573:
3558:
3517:
3486:
3477:
3428:
3382:
3351:
3314:
3281:
3214:
3187:
3158:
3137:
3128:
3099:
3056:
3022:
2871:
2833:
2791:
2774:
2752:
2667:
2598:
2532:
2511:
2335:"IORI species list, photos, and social media links"
601:, had a wingspan of about 680 mm (27 in),
1421:Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B
651:and several extinct orders in a group called the
1249:Dragonflies of Peninsular Malaysia and Singapore
2353:"Journal of the Entomological Research Society"
1826:sfnp error: no target: CITEREFTruemanRowe2008 (
910:as well-understood and widely preferred terms.
2035:Kirti, Jagbir S.; Singh, Archana (June 2004).
1188:Annals of the Entomological Society of America
661:how the wings are articulated and held in rest
2946:
2431:
1604:. Texas A&M University Press. p. 47.
1272:Corbet, Philip S.; Brook, Stephen J. (2008).
8:
2883:(emerald dragonflies or green-eyed skimmers)
1399:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1377:Introduction to Insect Biology and Diversity
968:on other aquatic organisms, including small
1864:sfnp error: no target: CITEREFLohmann1996 (
1845:sfnp error: no target: CITEREFTrueman2008 (
1821:
1416:"Flight of the dragonflies and damselflies"
4277:Insects used as insect pest control agents
3922:
3720:
3709:
3570:
3483:
3456:
3379:
3375:
3222:
3211:
3207:
3134:
3125:
3121:
3080:
3019:
3015:
3004:
2953:
2939:
2931:
2788:
2749:
2745:
2731:
2508:
2494:
2438:
2424:
2416:
321:, and all of them, larvae and adults, are
111:
31:
2658:(helicopter damselflies or forest giants)
2011:
2001:
1952:
1942:
1790:
1780:
1706:
1653:
1635:
1584:
1519:
1441:
3674:Four most speciose orders are marked in
3264:(crickets, wetas, grasshoppers, locusts)
1251:. Borneo: Natural History Publications.
431:The largest living odonate is the giant
4292:Taxa named by Johan Christian Fabricius
1859:
1840:
1236:. Cranbrook Institute of Science. 1939.
1178:
1012:
4287:Extant Late Triassic first appearances
2325:"International Journal of Odonatology"
1392:
1370:
1368:
1366:
1923:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
1761:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
1600:Mitchell, F.L.; Lasswell, J. (2005).
1234:Field Guide to Lower Aquarium Animals
964:that are (in most species) voracious
7:
4221:73EF795E-B620-852D-C061-A2E2258DD721
4172:25c76cc3-e24f-4b3e-a308-4adc7065bc24
4084:1c70eb61-d0af-4f5d-886d-6c057d45d16b
3537:(alderflies, dobsonflies, fishflies)
1878:
857:, but not including the prehistoric
2618:(narrow-winged or pond damselflies)
1467:Journal of Comparative Physiology A
1329:Organisms Diversity & Evolution
750:
742:
730:
700:
692:
684:
295:) usually being bulkier with large
1297:Wilson, Keith D. P. (2009-01-01).
647:The Odonata is closely related to
609:Odonata first appeared during the
25:
2409:"Worldwide Dragonfly Association"
2086:Food and Agriculture Organization
463:The smallest living dragonfly is
3896:
3047:
2243:10.1046/j.1365-3113.2003.00210.x
1699:10.1111/j.1365-3113.2008.00455.x
1079:
1067:
1050:
1033:
1015:
898:). World Odonata List considers
784:
762:
713:
132:
2824:(giant dragonfly and relatives)
1219:Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary
422:External morphology of Odonata
1:
3467:(sawflies, wasps, ants, bees)
2280:"Dragonflies and damselflies"
2184:Biodiversity and Conservation
2160:10.1016/j.ecolind.2015.09.022
2053:10.11609/JoTT.ZPJ.984.1505-11
655:, but this grouping might be
561:for grasping prey. Damselfly
3415:(cicadas, aphids, true bugs)
1984:May, ML (28 February 2019).
381:
366:
2549:(jewelwings or demoiselles)
1944:10.1016/j.ympev.2021.107115
1782:10.1016/j.ympev.2021.107115
4323:
3605:(gnats, mosquitoes, flies)
3498:(twisted-winged parasites)
3170:(dragonflies, damselflies)
2650:(threadtails, bambootails)
2634:(white-legged damselflies)
1573:Palaeontologia Electronica
1537:The Biology of Dragonflies
613:, though members of their
419:
376:
361:
3890:
3723:
3719:
3708:
3670:
3459:
3378:
3225:
3210:
3124:
3083:
3045:
3018:
3014:
3003:
2971:
2748:
2744:
2730:
2606:(closed wing damselflies)
2507:
2493:
2455:
2399:University of Puget Sound
2264:. Aquatic invertebrates.
1822:Trueman & Rowe (2008)
1637:10.1186/s12983-016-0176-7
1349:10.1007/s13127-012-0084-4
1025:Ceriagrion cerinorubellum
902:as a suborder along with
777:
756:
748:
740:
728:
706:
698:
690:
629:"giant dragonflies" like
565:breathe through external
538:Flight in the Odonata is
350:Johan Christian Fabricius
345:Etymology and terminology
236:
231:
129:Scientific classification
127:
119:
110:
34:
3256:(stick and leaf insects)
1042:Onychogomphus forcipatus
960:with approximately 9–14
621:, first appeared in the
444:Tetracanthagyna plagiata
325:and are almost entirely
3683:are paraphyletic groups
3326:(cockroaches, termites)
3090:(silverfish, firebrats)
2669:Lestoidea (superfamily)
2197:10.1023/A:1016681524097
2003:10.3390/insects10030062
1767:. Elsevier BV: 107115.
1602:A Dazzle of Dragonflies
1276:. London, UK: Collins.
553:. This is a thickened,
438:Megaloprepus coerulatus
3034:(jumping bristletails)
2899:(cruisers or skimmers)
2891:(skimmers or perchers)
2816:(clubtail dragonflies)
2713:(sylphs or malachites)
2310:U.S. Geological Survey
1434:10.1098/rstb.2015.0389
937:(or more specifically
929:
914:Ecology and life cycle
602:
512:
504:
493:Austrolestes annulosus
123:hovering over a pond.
4193:Paleobiology Database
2292:University of Florida
2266:University of Alberta
2223:Systematic Entomology
2140:Ecological Indicators
1897:University of Alabama
1679:Systematic Entomology
1200:10.1093/aesa/27.3.411
921:
888:, whereas the fossil
589:
510:
486:
450:Petalura ingentissima
435:helicopter damselfly
396:usually denotes only
389:are notably toothed.
4079:Fauna Europaea (new)
3636:(moths, butterflies)
2803:(hawkers or darners)
2391:"World Odonata list"
2258:"Anatomy of Odonata"
1893:"World Odonata List"
1624:Frontiers in Zoology
1122:Canadian damselflies
1117:Canadian dragonflies
983:of water quality in
979:Odonates can act as
688: Odonata
594:dragonfly ancestor,
41:Late Triassic–Recent
2860:Neopetalia punctata
2573:(azure damselflies)
2523:(ancient greenling)
2262:sunsite.ualberta.ca
2235:2003SysEn..28..181R
2152:2016EcInd..61..234G
2041:Zoos' Print Journal
1935:2021MolPE.16007115B
1773:2021MolPE.16007115B
1691:2009SysEn..34..334N
1550:Upper Carboniferous
1428:(1704): 2015.0389.
1341:2012ODivE..12..301K
592:Upper Carboniferous
416:External morphology
412:has been proposed.
3903:Insects portal
3874:Triadophlebioptera
2690:Megapodagrionidae
2656:Pseudostigmatidae
2367:odonatacentral.org
2284:Featured Creatures
1895:. OdonataCentral,
1507:Journal of Zoology
1479:10.1007/BF00693547
1299:"Dragonfly Giants"
1247:Orr, A.G. (2005).
1222:. Merriam-Webster.
1059:Libellula depressa
930:
623:Late Carboniferous
603:
513:
505:
306:All odonates have
280:that includes the
4254:
4253:
4180:Open Tree of Life
3928:Taxon identifiers
3919:
3918:
3886:
3885:
3882:
3881:
3824:Palaeodictyoptera
3809:
3741:
3704:
3703:
3700:
3699:
3666:
3665:
3662:
3661:
3658:
3657:
3654:
3653:
3650:
3649:
3646:
3645:
3637:
3628:
3606:
3596:
3588:
3566:
3554:
3553:
3546:
3538:
3530:
3508:
3499:
3468:
3424:
3423:
3416:
3408:
3400:
3347:
3346:
3343:
3342:
3335:
3327:
3306:
3303:Mantophasmatodea
3298:
3287:
3273:
3265:
3257:
3249:
3241:
3233:
3183:
3182:
3179:
3178:
3171:
3150:
3139:Ephemeropteroidea
3091:
3043:
3042:
3035:
2928:
2927:
2924:
2923:
2920:
2919:
2916:
2915:
2908:
2900:
2892:
2884:
2863:
2851:
2848:Cordulegastridae
2835:Cordulegastroidea
2825:
2817:
2804:
2784:
2770:
2769:
2726:
2725:
2722:
2721:
2714:
2701:
2693:
2680:
2659:
2651:
2643:
2635:
2627:
2619:
2608:
2590:
2582:
2574:
2566:
2558:
2550:
2524:
2381:odonatologica.com
2363:"Odonata Central"
1521:10.1111/jzo.12923
1386:978-0-19-510033-4
1283:978-0-00-715169-1
1258:978-983-812-103-3
925:Coenagrion puella
842:
841:
833:
832:
824:
823:
815:
814:
806:
805:
797:
796:
495:), a damselfly (
466:Nannophya pygmaea
356:in 1793 from the
337:, and even adult
264:
263:
16:(Redirected from
4314:
4282:Triassic insects
4247:
4246:
4234:
4233:
4224:
4223:
4211:
4210:
4201:
4200:
4188:
4187:
4175:
4174:
4165:
4164:
4152:
4151:
4149:NHMSYS0000841086
4139:
4138:
4126:
4125:
4113:
4112:
4100:
4099:
4087:
4086:
4074:
4073:
4061:
4060:
4048:
4047:
4035:
4034:
4022:
4021:
4009:
4008:
3996:
3995:
3983:
3982:
3970:
3969:
3968:
3955:
3954:
3953:
3923:
3901:
3900:
3834:Permoplectoptera
3807:
3766:Diaphanopterodea
3739:
3721:
3710:
3635:
3626:
3617:Amphiesmenoptera
3604:
3598:
3594:
3586:
3576:
3571:
3565:
3562:
3544:
3536:
3528:
3506:
3497:
3484:
3480:
3466:
3457:
3414:
3406:
3399:(barklice, lice)
3398:
3390:
3380:
3376:
3333:
3325:
3304:
3296:
3295:Grylloblattodea
3285:
3271:
3263:
3255:
3247:
3239:
3231:
3223:
3219:
3212:
3208:
3169:
3148:
3135:
3126:
3122:
3089:
3081:
3051:
3033:
3020:
3016:
3005:
2955:
2948:
2941:
2932:
2906:
2898:
2890:
2882:
2857:
2849:
2823:
2815:
2809:Austropetaliidae
2802:
2789:
2785:
2783:
2780:
2762:Epiophlebioptera
2754:Epiophlebioptera
2750:
2746:
2732:
2712:
2699:
2691:
2678:
2657:
2649:
2641:
2633:
2632:Platycnemididae
2625:
2617:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2588:
2580:
2572:
2564:
2556:
2548:
2522:
2509:
2495:
2440:
2433:
2426:
2417:
2412:
2402:
2384:
2370:
2356:
2346:
2341:. Archived from
2328:
2317:
2312:. Archived from
2295:
2273:
2268:. Archived from
2246:
2209:
2208:
2178:
2172:
2171:
2134:
2128:
2127:
2109:
2100:
2094:
2093:
2074:
2068:
2067:
2065:
2064:
2055:. Archived from
2047:(6): 1505–1511.
2032:
2026:
2025:
2015:
2005:
1981:
1975:
1974:
1956:
1946:
1914:
1908:
1907:
1905:
1903:
1888:
1882:
1876:
1870:
1869:
1857:
1851:
1850:
1838:
1832:
1831:
1819:
1813:
1812:
1794:
1784:
1752:
1746:
1745:
1743:
1742:
1727:
1721:
1720:
1710:
1674:
1668:
1667:
1657:
1639:
1615:
1606:
1605:
1597:
1591:
1590:
1588:
1564:
1555:
1554:
1532:
1526:
1525:
1523:
1497:
1491:
1490:
1462:
1456:
1455:
1445:
1411:
1405:
1404:
1398:
1390:
1372:
1361:
1360:
1324:
1318:
1317:
1315:
1314:
1294:
1288:
1287:
1269:
1263:
1262:
1244:
1238:
1237:
1230:
1224:
1223:
1210:
1204:
1203:
1183:
1083:
1071:
1054:
1037:
1019:
994:Species richness
886:Epiophlebioptera
788:
766:
751:
743:
731:
717:
701:
693:
685:
433:Central American
384:
379:
378:
369:
364:
363:
352:coined the term
137:
136:
115:
105:
42:
38:Temporal range:
32:
21:
4322:
4321:
4317:
4316:
4315:
4313:
4312:
4311:
4297:Aquatic insects
4257:
4256:
4255:
4250:
4242:
4237:
4229:
4227:
4219:
4214:
4206:
4204:
4196:
4191:
4183:
4178:
4170:
4168:
4160:
4155:
4147:
4142:
4134:
4129:
4121:
4116:
4108:
4103:
4095:
4090:
4082:
4077:
4069:
4064:
4056:
4051:
4043:
4038:
4030:
4025:
4017:
4012:
4004:
3999:
3991:
3986:
3978:
3973:
3964:
3963:
3958:
3949:
3948:
3943:
3930:
3920:
3915:
3895:
3878:
3844:Protelytroptera
3776:Eudiaphanoptera
3761:Coxoplectoptera
3756:Carbotriplurida
3751:Campylopteridae
3728:Aethiocarenodea
3715:
3696:
3642:
3611:
3587:(scorpionflies)
3574:
3563:
3561:
3550:
3513:
3478:
3473:
3451:
3449:
3447:
3445:
3443:
3441:
3439:
3437:
3435:
3433:
3431:
3420:
3370:
3368:
3366:
3364:
3362:
3360:
3358:
3356:
3354:
3339:
3310:
3284:
3277:
3272:(angel insects)
3215:
3202:
3200:
3198:
3196:
3194:
3192:
3190:
3175:
3154:
3116:
3114:
3112:
3110:
3108:
3106:
3104:
3102:
3095:
3075:
3073:
3071:
3069:
3067:
3065:
3063:
3061:
3059:
3052:
3039:
3010:
2999:
2967:
2959:
2929:
2912:
2905:Synthemistidae
2867:
2843:Chlorogomphidae
2829:
2781:
2779:
2778:
2766:
2740:
2718:
2663:
2642:(shadowdamsels)
2640:Platystictidae
2616:Coenagrionidae
2605:
2603:
2602:
2600:Coenagrionoidea
2594:
2581:(gossamerwings)
2555:Chlorocyphidae
2547:Calopterygidae
2542:Amphipterygidae
2534:Calopterygoidea
2528:
2521:Hemiphlebiidae
2513:Hemiphlebioidea
2503:
2489:
2451:
2444:
2407:
2389:
2377:"Odonatologica"
2375:
2361:
2351:
2333:
2323:
2300:
2278:
2256:
2253:
2220:
2217:
2212:
2180:
2179:
2175:
2136:
2135:
2131:
2107:
2102:
2101:
2097:
2084:(Report). U.N.
2076:
2075:
2071:
2062:
2060:
2039:. Case report.
2034:
2033:
2029:
1983:
1982:
1978:
1916:
1915:
1911:
1901:
1899:
1890:
1889:
1885:
1877:
1873:
1863:
1858:
1854:
1844:
1839:
1835:
1825:
1820:
1816:
1754:
1753:
1749:
1740:
1738:
1729:
1728:
1724:
1676:
1675:
1671:
1617:
1616:
1609:
1599:
1598:
1594:
1566:
1565:
1558:
1545:Meganeura monyi
1534:
1533:
1529:
1499:
1498:
1494:
1464:
1463:
1459:
1413:
1412:
1408:
1391:
1387:
1374:
1373:
1364:
1326:
1325:
1321:
1312:
1310:
1296:
1295:
1291:
1284:
1271:
1270:
1266:
1259:
1246:
1245:
1241:
1232:
1231:
1227:
1212:
1211:
1207:
1185:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1171:
1099:
1092:
1084:
1075:
1072:
1063:
1055:
1046:
1038:
1029:
1020:
1011:
916:
848:
843:
834:
825:
816:
807:
798:
679:
667:Tarsophlebiidae
605:Members of the
584:
579:
481:
429:
424:
418:
347:
131:
106:
104:
103:
98:
93:
88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
63:
58:
53:
48:
40:
39:
36:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4320:
4318:
4310:
4309:
4304:
4299:
4294:
4289:
4284:
4279:
4274:
4269:
4259:
4258:
4252:
4251:
4249:
4248:
4235:
4225:
4212:
4202:
4189:
4176:
4166:
4153:
4140:
4127:
4114:
4101:
4088:
4075:
4066:Fauna Europaea
4062:
4049:
4036:
4023:
4010:
3997:
3984:
3971:
3956:
3940:
3938:
3932:
3931:
3926:
3917:
3916:
3914:
3913:
3906:
3891:
3888:
3887:
3884:
3883:
3880:
3879:
3877:
3876:
3871:
3866:
3861:
3859:Protozygoptera
3856:
3854:Protorthoptera
3851:
3849:Protephemerida
3846:
3841:
3839:Protanisoptera
3836:
3831:
3826:
3821:
3816:
3811:
3808:(griffinflies)
3806:Meganisoptera
3803:
3798:
3793:
3788:
3786:Glosselytrodea
3783:
3778:
3773:
3768:
3763:
3758:
3753:
3748:
3743:
3735:
3730:
3724:
3717:
3716:
3713:
3706:
3705:
3702:
3701:
3698:
3697:
3695:
3694:
3684:
3678:
3671:
3668:
3667:
3664:
3663:
3660:
3659:
3656:
3655:
3652:
3651:
3648:
3647:
3644:
3643:
3641:
3640:
3630:
3621:
3619:
3613:
3612:
3610:
3609:
3599:
3579:
3577:
3568:
3556:
3555:
3552:
3551:
3549:
3548:
3540:
3532:
3527:Raphidioptera
3523:
3521:
3515:
3514:
3512:
3511:
3501:
3492:
3490:
3481:
3479:Neuropteroidea
3475:
3474:
3472:
3471:
3460:
3454:
3426:
3425:
3422:
3421:
3419:
3418:
3410:
3402:
3393:
3391:
3373:
3349:
3348:
3345:
3344:
3341:
3340:
3338:
3337:
3329:
3320:
3318:
3312:
3311:
3309:
3308:
3300:
3297:(ice-crawlers)
3291:
3289:
3279:
3278:
3276:
3275:
3267:
3259:
3251:
3243:
3235:
3226:
3220:
3205:
3185:
3184:
3181:
3180:
3177:
3176:
3174:
3173:
3164:
3162:
3156:
3155:
3153:
3152:
3147:Ephemeroptera
3143:
3141:
3132:
3119:
3097:
3096:
3094:
3093:
3084:
3078:
3054:
3053:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3040:
3038:
3037:
3032:Archaeognatha
3028:
3026:
3012:
3011:
3008:
3001:
3000:
2998:
2997:
2991:
2985:
2979:
2972:
2969:
2968:
2960:
2958:
2957:
2950:
2943:
2935:
2926:
2925:
2922:
2921:
2918:
2917:
2914:
2913:
2911:
2910:
2902:
2894:
2886:
2877:
2875:
2869:
2868:
2866:
2865:
2856:Neopetaliidae
2853:
2845:
2839:
2837:
2831:
2830:
2828:
2827:
2819:
2811:
2806:
2797:
2795:
2786:
2772:
2771:
2768:
2767:
2765:
2764:
2758:
2756:
2742:
2741:
2735:
2728:
2727:
2724:
2723:
2720:
2719:
2717:
2716:
2708:
2706:Pseudolestidae
2703:
2695:
2687:
2682:
2673:
2671:
2665:
2664:
2662:
2661:
2653:
2648:Protoneuridae
2645:
2637:
2629:
2626:(narrow-wings)
2621:
2612:
2610:
2596:
2595:
2593:
2592:
2584:
2576:
2568:
2563:Dicteriadidae
2560:
2552:
2544:
2538:
2536:
2530:
2529:
2527:
2526:
2517:
2515:
2505:
2504:
2498:
2491:
2490:
2488:
2487:
2481:
2475:
2469:
2463:
2456:
2453:
2452:
2445:
2443:
2442:
2435:
2428:
2420:
2414:
2413:
2404:
2403:
2395:pugetsound.edu
2386:
2385:
2372:
2371:
2358:
2357:
2348:
2347:
2345:on 2007-05-29.
2330:
2329:
2320:
2319:
2316:on 2006-08-13.
2306:npwrc.usgs.gov
2297:
2296:
2275:
2274:
2272:on 2008-09-17.
2252:
2251:External links
2249:
2248:
2247:
2229:(2): 181–240.
2216:
2213:
2211:
2210:
2191:(5): 673–690.
2173:
2129:
2095:
2090:United Nations
2069:
2027:
1976:
1909:
1883:
1871:
1860:Lohmann (1996)
1852:
1841:Trueman (2008)
1833:
1814:
1747:
1722:
1685:(2): 334–345.
1669:
1607:
1592:
1556:
1527:
1514:(4): 247–260.
1492:
1457:
1406:
1385:
1362:
1335:(3): 301–306.
1319:
1289:
1282:
1264:
1257:
1239:
1225:
1205:
1194:(3): 411–414.
1177:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1109:
1103:
1098:
1095:
1094:
1093:
1088:Anax imperator
1085:
1078:
1076:
1073:
1066:
1064:
1056:
1049:
1047:
1039:
1032:
1030:
1021:
1014:
1010:
1007:
915:
912:
908:Anisozygoptera
847:
844:
840:
839:
836:
835:
831:
830:
827:
826:
822:
821:
818:
817:
813:
812:
809:
808:
804:
803:
800:
799:
795:
794:
791:
790:
783:(dragonflies)
776:
773:
772:
769:
768:
760:Anisozygoptera
755:
749:
747:
741:
739:
729:
727:
724:
723:
720:
719:
712:(damselflies)
705:
699:
697:
691:
689:
683:
678:
675:
583:
582:Fossil history
580:
578:
575:
535:in the adult.
480:
477:
428:
425:
420:Main article:
417:
414:
402:true dragonfly
346:
343:
278:flying insects
262:
261:
260:
259:
254:
253:
252:
247:
245:Anisozygoptera
234:
233:
229:
228:
223:
219:
218:
213:
209:
208:
203:
199:
198:
193:
189:
188:
183:
179:
178:
173:
169:
168:
163:
159:
158:
153:
149:
148:
143:
139:
138:
125:
124:
117:
116:
108:
107:
99:
94:
89:
84:
79:
74:
69:
64:
59:
54:
49:
44:
43:
37:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4319:
4308:
4305:
4303:
4302:Metapterygota
4300:
4298:
4295:
4293:
4290:
4288:
4285:
4283:
4280:
4278:
4275:
4273:
4272:Insect orders
4270:
4268:
4265:
4264:
4262:
4245:
4240:
4236:
4232:
4226:
4222:
4217:
4213:
4209:
4203:
4199:
4194:
4190:
4186:
4181:
4177:
4173:
4167:
4163:
4158:
4154:
4150:
4145:
4141:
4137:
4132:
4128:
4124:
4119:
4115:
4111:
4106:
4102:
4098:
4093:
4089:
4085:
4080:
4076:
4072:
4067:
4063:
4059:
4054:
4050:
4046:
4041:
4037:
4033:
4028:
4024:
4020:
4015:
4011:
4007:
4002:
3998:
3994:
3989:
3985:
3981:
3976:
3972:
3967:
3961:
3957:
3952:
3946:
3942:
3941:
3939:
3937:
3933:
3929:
3924:
3912:
3911:
3907:
3905:
3904:
3899:
3893:
3892:
3889:
3875:
3872:
3870:
3867:
3865:
3862:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3847:
3845:
3842:
3840:
3837:
3835:
3832:
3830:
3827:
3825:
3822:
3820:
3817:
3815:
3814:Megasecoptera
3812:
3810:
3804:
3802:
3799:
3797:
3794:
3792:
3789:
3787:
3784:
3782:
3779:
3777:
3774:
3772:
3769:
3767:
3764:
3762:
3759:
3757:
3754:
3752:
3749:
3747:
3744:
3742:
3736:
3734:
3731:
3729:
3726:
3725:
3722:
3718:
3711:
3707:
3693:
3691:
3685:
3682:
3679:
3677:
3673:
3672:
3669:
3639:
3638:
3631:
3629:
3627:(caddisflies)
3623:
3622:
3620:
3618:
3614:
3608:
3607:
3600:
3597:
3593:Siphonaptera
3590:
3589:
3581:
3580:
3578:
3572:
3569:
3567:
3564:(Mecopterida)
3557:
3547:
3541:
3539:
3533:
3531:
3525:
3524:
3522:
3520:
3516:
3510:
3509:
3502:
3500:
3496:Strepsiptera
3494:
3493:
3491:
3489:
3485:
3482:
3476:
3470:
3469:
3462:
3461:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3427:
3417:
3411:
3409:
3405:Thysanoptera
3403:
3401:
3395:
3394:
3392:
3387:
3386:
3381:
3377:
3374:
3372:
3350:
3336:
3330:
3328:
3322:
3321:
3319:
3317:
3313:
3307:
3301:
3299:
3293:
3292:
3290:
3288:
3280:
3274:
3268:
3266:
3260:
3258:
3252:
3250:
3248:(webspinners)
3244:
3242:
3236:
3234:
3228:
3227:
3224:
3221:
3218:
3213:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3186:
3172:
3166:
3165:
3163:
3161:
3157:
3151:
3145:
3144:
3142:
3140:
3136:
3133:
3131:
3127:
3123:
3120:
3118:
3098:
3092:
3086:
3085:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3055:
3050:
3036:
3030:
3029:
3027:
3025:
3021:
3017:
3013:
3006:
3002:
2996:
2992:
2990:
2986:
2984:
2980:
2978:
2974:
2973:
2970:
2966:
2963:
2956:
2951:
2949:
2944:
2942:
2937:
2936:
2933:
2909:
2903:
2901:
2895:
2893:
2889:Libellulidae
2887:
2885:
2879:
2878:
2876:
2874:
2873:Libelluloidea
2870:
2864:
2861:
2854:
2852:
2846:
2844:
2841:
2840:
2838:
2836:
2832:
2826:
2820:
2818:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2799:
2798:
2796:
2794:
2790:
2787:
2782:(dragonflies)
2777:
2773:
2763:
2760:
2759:
2757:
2755:
2751:
2747:
2743:
2739:
2733:
2729:
2715:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2698:Perilestidae
2696:
2694:
2688:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2679:(spreadwings)
2675:
2674:
2672:
2670:
2666:
2660:
2654:
2652:
2646:
2644:
2638:
2636:
2630:
2628:
2624:Isostictidae
2622:
2620:
2614:
2613:
2611:
2601:
2597:
2591:
2589:(bannerwings)
2587:Polythoridae
2585:
2583:
2577:
2575:
2571:Diphlebiidae
2569:
2567:
2561:
2559:
2553:
2551:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2539:
2537:
2535:
2531:
2525:
2519:
2518:
2516:
2514:
2510:
2506:
2502:
2496:
2492:
2486:
2482:
2480:
2476:
2474:
2470:
2468:
2464:
2462:
2458:
2457:
2454:
2449:
2441:
2436:
2434:
2429:
2427:
2422:
2421:
2418:
2410:
2406:
2405:
2400:
2396:
2392:
2388:
2387:
2382:
2378:
2374:
2373:
2368:
2364:
2360:
2359:
2354:
2350:
2349:
2344:
2340:
2336:
2332:
2331:
2326:
2322:
2321:
2315:
2311:
2307:
2303:
2299:
2298:
2293:
2289:
2285:
2281:
2277:
2276:
2271:
2267:
2263:
2259:
2255:
2254:
2250:
2244:
2240:
2236:
2232:
2228:
2224:
2219:
2218:
2215:Cited sources
2214:
2206:
2202:
2198:
2194:
2190:
2186:
2185:
2177:
2174:
2169:
2165:
2161:
2157:
2153:
2149:
2145:
2141:
2133:
2130:
2125:
2121:
2117:
2113:
2106:
2099:
2096:
2091:
2087:
2083:
2082:agris.fao.org
2079:
2073:
2070:
2059:on 2024-02-28
2058:
2054:
2050:
2046:
2042:
2038:
2031:
2028:
2023:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1995:
1991:
1987:
1980:
1977:
1972:
1968:
1964:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1936:
1932:
1928:
1924:
1920:
1913:
1910:
1898:
1894:
1887:
1884:
1880:
1875:
1872:
1867:
1861:
1856:
1853:
1848:
1842:
1837:
1834:
1829:
1823:
1818:
1815:
1810:
1806:
1802:
1798:
1793:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1774:
1770:
1766:
1762:
1758:
1751:
1748:
1737:
1736:Geodiversitas
1733:
1726:
1723:
1718:
1714:
1709:
1704:
1700:
1696:
1692:
1688:
1684:
1680:
1673:
1670:
1665:
1661:
1656:
1651:
1647:
1643:
1638:
1633:
1629:
1625:
1621:
1614:
1612:
1608:
1603:
1596:
1593:
1587:
1582:
1578:
1574:
1570:
1563:
1561:
1557:
1553:
1551:
1547:
1546:
1539:
1538:
1531:
1528:
1522:
1517:
1513:
1509:
1508:
1503:
1496:
1493:
1488:
1484:
1480:
1476:
1472:
1468:
1461:
1458:
1453:
1449:
1444:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1427:
1423:
1422:
1417:
1410:
1407:
1402:
1396:
1388:
1382:
1378:
1371:
1369:
1367:
1363:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1346:
1342:
1338:
1334:
1330:
1323:
1320:
1308:
1304:
1300:
1293:
1290:
1285:
1279:
1275:
1268:
1265:
1260:
1254:
1250:
1243:
1240:
1235:
1229:
1226:
1221:
1220:
1215:
1209:
1206:
1201:
1197:
1193:
1189:
1182:
1179:
1173:
1168:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1158:
1155:
1153:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1143:
1140:
1138:
1135:
1133:
1130:
1128:
1125:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1104:
1102:
1096:
1090:
1089:
1082:
1077:
1070:
1065:
1061:
1060:
1053:
1048:
1044:
1043:
1036:
1031:
1027:
1026:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1006:
1002:
1000:
995:
991:
986:
982:
981:bioindicators
977:
975:
971:
967:
963:
959:
954:
951:
947:
942:
940:
939:insectivorous
936:
927:
926:
920:
913:
911:
909:
905:
901:
897:
896:
891:
887:
883:
879:
875:
870:
868:
864:
860:
856:
853:
845:
838:
837:
829:
828:
820:
819:
811:
810:
802:
801:
793:
792:
789:
787:
782:
775:
774:
771:
770:
767:
765:
761:
753:
752:
745:
744:
737:
733:
732:
726:
725:
722:
721:
718:
716:
711:
703:
702:
695:
694:
687:
686:
682:
676:
674:
672:
668:
664:
662:
658:
654:
650:
645:
643:
642:Meganisoptera
639:
635:
633:
632:Meganeuropsis
628:
624:
620:
616:
612:
611:Late Triassic
608:
600:
598:
593:
588:
581:
576:
574:
572:
568:
564:
558:
556:
552:
547:
545:
541:
536:
534:
530:
526:
522:
518:
517:compound eyes
509:
502:
498:
494:
490:
489:blue ringtail
485:
478:
476:
474:
473:
468:
467:
461:
459:
457:
456:Mecistogaster
452:
451:
446:
445:
440:
439:
434:
426:
423:
415:
413:
411:
407:
403:
399:
395:
390:
388:
383:
373:
368:
359:
358:Ancient Greek
355:
351:
344:
342:
340:
336:
332:
328:
327:insectivorous
324:
320:
316:
312:
309:
304:
302:
298:
297:compound eyes
294:
291:
287:
283:
279:
276:
272:
268:
258:
255:
251:
248:
246:
243:
242:
241:
238:
237:
235:
230:
227:
224:
221:
220:
217:
214:
211:
210:
207:
204:
201:
200:
197:
194:
191:
190:
187:
184:
181:
180:
177:
174:
171:
170:
167:
164:
161:
160:
157:
154:
151:
150:
147:
144:
141:
140:
135:
130:
126:
122:
121:Aeshna juncea
118:
114:
109:
102:
97:
92:
87:
82:
77:
72:
67:
62:
57:
52:
47:
33:
30:
19:
4307:Odonatoptera
3935:
3908:
3894:
3864:Syntonoptera
3746:Caloneurodea
3738:Blattoptera
3689:
3680:
3675:
3634:Lepidoptera
3632:
3625:Trichoptera
3601:
3583:
3535:Megaloptera
3529:(snakeflies)
3519:Neuropterida
3503:
3488:Coleopterida
3465:Hymenoptera
3463:
3385:Paraneoptera
3383:
3305:(gladiators)
3254:Phasmatodea
3232:(stoneflies)
3217:Polyneoptera
3167:
3160:Odonatoptera
3024:Monocondylia
2989:Pancrustacea
2987:(unranked):
2907:(tigertails)
2897:Macromiidae
2881:Corduliidae
2859:
2850:(spiketails)
2822:Petaluridae
2711:Synlestidae
2700:(shortwings)
2685:Lestoideidae
2485:Odonatoptera
2483:Superorder:
2447:
2394:
2383:(main page).
2380:
2369:(main page).
2366:
2355:(main page).
2343:the original
2339:iodonata.net
2338:
2314:the original
2305:
2283:
2270:the original
2261:
2226:
2222:
2188:
2182:
2176:
2143:
2139:
2132:
2115:
2111:
2098:
2081:
2072:
2061:. Retrieved
2057:the original
2044:
2040:
2030:
1993:
1989:
1979:
1926:
1922:
1912:
1900:. Retrieved
1886:
1874:
1855:
1836:
1817:
1764:
1760:
1750:
1739:. Retrieved
1735:
1725:
1682:
1678:
1672:
1627:
1623:
1601:
1595:
1586:10.26879/576
1576:
1572:
1543:
1541:
1536:
1530:
1511:
1505:
1495:
1470:
1466:
1460:
1425:
1419:
1409:
1376:
1332:
1328:
1322:
1311:. Retrieved
1306:
1302:
1292:
1273:
1267:
1248:
1242:
1233:
1228:
1217:
1208:
1191:
1187:
1181:
1157:South Africa
1100:
1087:
1057:
1040:
1023:
1003:
978:
955:
943:
931:
923:
893:
871:
855:Odonatoptera
849:
778:
757:
707:
680:
671:sister taxon
665:
657:paraphyletic
646:
630:
619:Odonatoptera
604:
595:
559:
548:
537:
514:
492:
470:
464:
462:
454:
448:
442:
436:
430:
409:
405:
404:, or simply
401:
393:
391:
353:
348:
305:
266:
265:
225:
216:Odonatoptera
212:Superorder:
182:(unranked):
120:
29:
4105:iNaturalist
3960:Wikispecies
3910:Wikispecies
3869:Titanoptera
3801:Lapeyriidae
3796:Hypoperlida
3771:Eoblattodea
3740:(roachoids)
3733:Archodonata
3575:Antliophora
3543:Neuroptera
3505:Coleoptera
3316:Dictyoptera
3286:(Xenonomia)
3262:Orthoptera
3246:Embioptera
3238:Dermaptera
3230:Plecoptera
3130:Palaeoptera
2993:Subphylum:
2692:(flatwings)
2579:Euphaeidae
2146:: 234–247.
1879:Rehn (2003)
1473:(1): 9–22.
1274:Dragonflies
950:spermatozoa
935:carnivorous
863:systematics
859:Protodonata
653:Palaeoptera
615:total group
607:crown group
551:pterostigma
479:Description
472:Agriocnemis
406:anisopteran
323:carnivorous
286:damselflies
282:dragonflies
206:Palaeoptera
4261:Categories
3819:Miomoptera
3585:Mecoptera
3413:Hemiptera
3334:(mantises)
3324:Blattodea
3270:Zoraptera
3149:(mayflies)
3088:Zygentoma
2983:Arthropoda
2814:Gomphidae
2801:Aeshnidae
2793:Aeshnoidea
2776:Anisoptera
2565:(barelegs)
2477:Subclass:
2467:Arthropoda
2063:2024-05-06
1954:11093/2768
1929:: 107115.
1792:11093/2768
1741:2024-06-04
1708:2115/42988
1579:(1): 576.
1313:2024-06-04
1309:(1): 29–31
1174:References
1022:A pair of
900:Anisoptera
895:sensu lato
874:Anisoptera
852:superorder
781:Anisoptera
590:The giant
529:mouthparts
523:and short
410:warriorfly
398:Anisoptera
250:Anisoptera
232:Suborders
202:Division:
192:Subclass:
186:Dicondylia
166:Arthropoda
3791:Heraridea
3781:Geroptera
3686:Based on
3560:Panorpida
3507:(beetles)
3397:Psocodea
3332:Mantodea
3283:Notoptera
3240:(earwigs)
2975:Kingdom:
2738:Epiprocta
2736:Suborder
2677:Lestidae
2501:Zygoptera
2499:Suborder
2479:Pterygota
2459:Kingdom:
2168:1470-160X
2124:1341-1527
1996:(3): 62.
1963:1055-7903
1801:1055-7903
1717:0307-6970
1646:1742-9994
1630:(1): 46.
1395:cite book
1357:1439-6092
1214:"odonate"
1162:Sri Lanka
1107:Australia
1091:in flight
999:pool frog
990:ecosystem
966:predators
904:Zygoptera
878:Epiprocta
736:Epiprocta
710:Zygoptera
677:Phylogeny
636:from the
627:Paleozoic
597:Meganeura
577:Evolution
555:hemolymph
533:mandibles
497:Zygoptera
394:dragonfly
392:The word
301:Zygoptera
293:Epiprocta
275:predatory
257:Zygoptera
240:Epiprocta
196:Pterygota
152:Kingdom:
146:Eukaryota
4014:BugGuide
3945:Wikidata
3829:Paoliida
3603:Diptera
3407:(thrips)
3168:Odonata
2995:Hexapoda
2981:Phylum:
2977:Animalia
2557:(jewels)
2465:Phylum:
2461:Animalia
2450:families
2205:40735036
2118:: 1–15.
2022:30823469
1971:33609713
1809:33609713
1664:27766110
1487:23441098
1452:27528779
1152:Slovenia
1097:See also
846:Taxonomy
754:
746:
704:
696:
649:mayflies
634:permiana
544:Neoptera
525:antennae
501:Lestidae
458:linearis
387:maxillae
374:form of
335:tadpoles
290:suborder
162:Phylum:
156:Animalia
142:Domain:
4267:Odonata
4208:odonata
3993:Odonata
3980:Odonata
3966:Odonata
3936:Odonata
3714:Extinct
3688:Sasaki
3595:(fleas)
3389: *
2473:Insecta
2471:Class:
2448:Odonata
2446:Extant
2231:Bibcode
2148:Bibcode
2092:. 2019.
2013:6468591
1990:Insects
1931:Bibcode
1769:Bibcode
1687:Bibcode
1655:5057408
1548:of the
1443:4992713
1337:Bibcode
1147:Ireland
1132:Finland
1127:Estonia
1112:Britain
1062:resting
1009:Gallery
958:instars
882:species
738:
638:Permian
354:Odonata
313:called
308:aquatic
267:Odonata
226:Odonata
222:Order:
176:Insecta
172:Class:
35:Odonata
18:Odonate
4244:404096
4231:544391
4228:uBio:
4185:133665
4169:NZOR:
4136:101593
4058:1ODONO
3951:Q25375
3692:(2013)
3690:et al.
3681:Italic
3009:Extant
2965:orders
2962:Insect
2203:
2166:
2122:
2020:
2010:
1969:
1961:
1902:14 Mar
1807:
1799:
1715:
1662:
1652:
1644:
1485:
1450:
1440:
1383:
1355:
1303:Agrion
1280:
1255:
1167:Taiwan
1137:France
1028:mating
985:rivers
974:nymphs
972:. The
970:fishes
779:
758:
734:
708:
571:rectum
563:nymphs
540:direct
527:. The
521:ocelli
319:nymphs
315:naiads
311:larvae
269:is an
4239:WoRMS
4216:Plazi
4205:PPE:
4198:71353
4123:10790
4118:IRMNG
4110:47792
4071:11831
4032:B6LCL
2201:S2CID
2108:(PDF)
1483:S2CID
1142:India
1074:Nymph
962:molts
946:cerci
867:clade
599:monyi
567:gills
487:Male
382:odoĂşs
377:ὀδούς
372:Ionic
339:newts
271:order
4162:6961
4157:NCBI
4131:ITIS
4092:GBIF
4053:EPPO
4001:BOLD
3676:bold
2288:IFAS
2164:ISSN
2120:ISSN
2018:PMID
1967:PMID
1959:ISSN
1904:2023
1866:help
1847:help
1828:help
1805:PMID
1797:ISSN
1713:ISSN
1660:PMID
1642:ISSN
1448:PMID
1401:link
1381:ISBN
1353:ISSN
1278:ISBN
1253:ISBN
1045:male
906:and
890:taxa
872:The
427:Size
367:odáą“n
362:ὀδών
331:fish
284:and
46:Preęž’
4144:NBN
4097:789
4045:952
4040:EoL
4027:CoL
4006:105
3988:AFD
3975:ADW
2239:doi
2193:doi
2156:doi
2049:doi
2008:PMC
1998:doi
1949:hdl
1939:doi
1927:160
1787:hdl
1777:doi
1765:160
1703:hdl
1695:doi
1650:PMC
1632:doi
1581:doi
1516:doi
1512:315
1475:doi
1438:PMC
1430:doi
1426:371
1345:doi
1196:doi
317:or
273:of
4263::
4241::
4218::
4195::
4182::
4159::
4146::
4133::
4120::
4107::
4094::
4081::
4068::
4055::
4042::
4029::
4019:77
4016::
4003::
3990::
3977::
3962::
3947::
3591:+
2397:.
2393:.
2379:.
2365:.
2337:.
2308:.
2304:.
2290:.
2286:.
2282:.
2260:.
2237:.
2227:28
2225:.
2199:.
2189:10
2187:.
2162:.
2154:.
2144:61
2142:.
2116:51
2114:.
2110:.
2088:.
2080:.
2045:19
2043:.
2016:.
2006:.
1994:10
1992:.
1988:.
1965:.
1957:.
1947:.
1937:.
1925:.
1921:.
1803:.
1795:.
1785:.
1775:.
1763:.
1759:.
1734:.
1711:.
1701:.
1693:.
1683:34
1681:.
1658:.
1648:.
1640:.
1628:13
1626:.
1622:.
1610:^
1577:19
1575:.
1571:.
1559:^
1510:.
1504:.
1481:.
1471:81
1469:.
1446:.
1436:.
1424:.
1418:.
1397:}}
1393:{{
1365:^
1351:.
1343:.
1333:12
1331:.
1307:13
1305:.
1301:.
1216:.
1192:27
1190:.
992:.
928:)
869:.
673:.
663:.
617:,
573:.
499::
333:,
96:Pg
3452:a
3450:l
3448:o
3446:b
3444:a
3442:t
3440:e
3438:m
3436:o
3434:l
3432:o
3430:H
3371:a
3369:l
3367:o
3365:b
3363:a
3361:t
3359:e
3357:m
3355:u
3353:E
3203:a
3201:r
3199:e
3197:t
3195:p
3193:o
3191:e
3189:N
3117:a
3115:t
3113:o
3111:g
3109:y
3107:r
3105:e
3103:t
3101:P
3076:a
3074:i
3072:l
3070:y
3068:d
3066:n
3064:o
3062:c
3060:i
3058:D
2954:e
2947:t
2940:v
2862:)
2858:(
2439:e
2432:t
2425:v
2411:.
2401:.
2327:.
2294:.
2245:.
2241::
2233::
2207:.
2195::
2170:.
2158::
2150::
2126:.
2066:.
2051::
2024:.
2000::
1973:.
1951::
1941::
1933::
1906:.
1881:.
1868:)
1862:.
1849:)
1843:.
1830:)
1824:.
1811:.
1789::
1779::
1771::
1744:.
1719:.
1705::
1697::
1689::
1666:.
1634::
1589:.
1583::
1524:.
1518::
1489:.
1477::
1454:.
1432::
1403:)
1389:.
1359:.
1347::
1339::
1316:.
1286:.
1261:.
1202:.
1198::
503:)
491:(
370:(
101:N
91:K
86:J
81:T
76:P
71:C
66:D
61:S
56:O
51:ęž’
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
