22:
233:. Within the action episodes, there are four types of protagonists present: civil officials/bureaucrats, people aspiring to become officials, people who are motivated by making money, and women. The bureaucrats include civil officials of all ranks, including army officers, clerks and aides, the warden, up to the governor. The aspirants wanting to become officials include one examination candidate, sons of officials, former petty bureaucrats, wealthy men, and the sons of wealthy men. The female characters are dependents of male characters, wives, concubines, and/or are negatively affected by male characters.
569:
199:
583:
294:
analyzes the work in terms of "cycles", a group of four to nine thematic units. According to Holoch's analysis, each thematic unit, which serves as an episode in the story, illustrates a particular aspect of the social setting and is centered around a set of localities or a group of characters. Robert E. Hegel, author of a book review of
186:
new protagonist appears. According to Holoch, each episode may vary from 1 page to 30 pages and they are not distinctly marked off like a chapter would. He defines a non-action episode as one without character movement or no action. The episode instead illustrates the setting. According to Holoch the work has 61 action episodes.
185:
Holoch stated that the book has action episodes, where a goal is conceived and the protagonist or someone on his behalf begins an action to a successful or non-successful conclusion, and non-action episodes. Holoch defines the beginning of a new action episode as whenever a new goal appears or when a
285:
is "A masterpiece of satirical writing so inexhaustibly inventive in terms of incident that it bears comparison with the plotting in any great
Chinese novel." Holoch argued that the work "is an impressively coherent materialist critique, a serious interpretation of history; for its ideological power
293:
Holoch believes that the novel manipulates characterization and the plot to emphasize the
Chinese society's mercantile orientation and that the setting unifies the novel. Holoch argues it is "an impressively coherent materialistic critique, a serious interpretation of history". Holoch's paper
177:), a friend of Li Baojia, "allegedly" added the final 12 chapters after Li Baojia died, and therefore the 60 chapter version is "commonly held to be the work of two men." Holoch argued that Li Baojia and Ouyang Juyuan shared the same conception of the work over a period of several years.
125:., or variously as "A Revelation of Official Circles", "The Bureaucrats: A Revelation", or "Observations on the Current State of Officialdom", "The Bureaucracy Exposed," "The Exposure of the Official World", or "Official Circles: A Revelation".
112:
and many episodes. Holoch wrote that the work "integrates the decline of the state, the status of women, the bureaucratic personality, the role of imperialism, and the commercialization of human relations."
85:(Li Boyuan). The theme of the work is the disintegration of the late Qing dynasty civil service bureaucracy as it is deteriorating. The novel was translated to English in 2002 in an abridged format by
21:
649:
298:, wrote that Holoch "takes pains to show cause for his praise" even though the novel had been written by two men who had a single conception over a period of several years.
639:
370:
308:
277:
334:
659:
248:) - A Man in his late forties who is married to a woman in the same age group. They do not have children, and Qu Nai'an decides to take a mistress.
365:
325:
100:", wrote that the novel is very long with a "bewildering" amount of content, and therefore he argues that discussing the novel is difficult.
140:
Li Baojia wrote the book from 1901 to 1906 while simultaneously writing other books. The first half of the work appeared in installments of
644:
501:
654:
402:
383:
347:
50:
42:
629:
394:
316:
375:
488:
142:
90:
602:
339:
410:
286:
and its artistic achievement it deserves to be known in the West." Bruce Doar, author of a book review of
634:
328:. "Chapter 38: Fiction from the End of the Empire to the Beginning of the Republic (1897-1916)" in:
597:
230:
147:
109:
105:
398:
379:
343:
30:
169:
is a 60 chapter version. Holoch wrote that a man named Ouyang Juyuan (T: 歐陽巨源, S: 欧阳巨源, P:
68:
329:
198:
623:
588:
86:
574:
150:
there from April 1903 to June 1905. Donald Holoch, author of "A Novel of
Setting:
408:
Yee, Cordell D. K. "The
Chinese Novel at the Turn of the Century" (book review).
159:
353:
Hegel, Robert E. "The
Chinese Novel at the Turn of the Century" (book review).
137:
because Li Baojia wanted to entice people into opposing a corrupt bureaucracy.
614:
582:
564:
82:
357:(CLEAR), ISSN 0161-9705, 07/1983, Volume 5, Issue 1/2, pp. 188 – 191.
391:
The
Chinese Postmodern: Trauma and Irony in Chinese Avant-garde Fiction
58:
319:
290:, wrote that "Holoch's enthusiasm" for the work was "infectious".
20:
78:
193:
165:
Since the year of Li Baojia's death, the current version of
414:, ISSN 0021-9118, 05/1982, Volume 41, Issue 3, p. 574
315:, ISSN 0156-7365, 01/1982, Issue 7, pp. 199 – 201 (
210:
271:
Donald Holoch wrote in the essay "A Novel of
Setting:
610:
96:Donald Holoch, author of "A Novel of Setting:
650:Chinese novels adapted into television series
355:Chinese Literature: Essays, Articles, Reviews
8:
371:The Chinese Novel at the Turn of the Century
309:The Chinese Novel at the Turn of the Century
296:The Chinese Novel at the Turn of the Century
288:The Chinese Novel at the Turn of the Century
278:The Chinese Novel at the Turn of the Century
528:
526:
524:
458:
456:
454:
452:
450:
448:
446:
444:
434:
432:
430:
428:
133:Jaroslav Průšek wrote that Li Baojia wrote
514:
512:
510:
474:
472:
470:
468:
335:The Columbia History of Chinese Literature
549:
547:
313:The Australian Journal of Chinese Affairs
121:The title can be translated literally as
424:
73:
640:Novels first published in serial form
360:Holoch, Donald. "A Novel of Setting:
25:Cover of a 1934 edition of the novel
7:
342:, August 13, 2013. p. 697-731.
14:
660:Hong Kong University Press books
581:
567:
197:
366:Doleželová-Velingerová, Milena
326:Doleželová-Velingerová, Milena
123:Official circles: a revelation
63:
54:
46:
1:
395:University of Michigan Press
645:20th-century Chinese novels
500:Doleželová-Velingerová, p.
376:University of Toronto Press
74:Kuan-ch'ang hsien-hsing chi
676:
143:Shanghai Shijie Fanhua Bao
91:Hong Kong University Press
16:Chinese novel by Li Baojia
603:Columbia University Press
340:Columbia University Press
411:Journal of Asian Studies
229:The novel has over 800
655:Bureaucracy in fiction
491:(Notes to pages 8-15).
33:
64:Guānchǎng Xiànxíng Jì
24:
598:Officialdom Unmasked
378:; January 1, 1980),
283:Officialdom Unmasked
240:(T: 瞿耐菴, S: 瞿耐庵, P:
167:Officialdom Unmasked
162:". Li died in 1906.
156:Officialdom Unmasked
135:Officialdom Unmasked
102:Officialdom Unmasked
38:Officialdom Unmasked
29:, collection of the
27:Officialdom Unmasked
630:Novels by Li Baojia
51:traditional Chinese
487:Yang, Xiaobin, p.
209:. You can help by
108:. It has over 800
106:Chinese characters
43:simplified Chinese
34:
311:" (book review).
227:
226:
158:was Li Baojia's "
104:has over 600,000
89:and published by
81:Chinese novel by
667:
609:
591:
586:
585:
577:
572:
571:
570:
554:
551:
542:
539:
533:
530:
519:
516:
505:
498:
492:
485:
479:
476:
463:
460:
439:
436:
405:, 9780472112418.
386:, 9780802054739.
350:, 9780231528511.
275:", published in
252:Qu Nai'an's wife
231:dramatis personæ
222:
219:
201:
194:
175:Ou-yang Chü-yüan
110:dramatis personæ
75:
65:
56:
48:
31:Fudan University
675:
674:
670:
669:
668:
666:
665:
664:
620:
619:
607:
587:
580:
573:
568:
566:
563:
558:
557:
552:
545:
540:
536:
531:
522:
517:
508:
499:
495:
486:
482:
477:
466:
461:
442:
437:
426:
421:
389:Yang, Xiaobin.
362:The Bureaucrats
330:Mair, Victor H.
304:
273:The Bureaucrats
269:
223:
217:
214:
207:needs expansion
192:
183:
152:The Bureaucrats
131:
119:
98:The Bureaucrats
17:
12:
11:
5:
673:
671:
663:
662:
657:
652:
647:
642:
637:
632:
622:
621:
618:
617:
605:
593:
592:
578:
562:
561:External links
559:
556:
555:
543:
541:Holoch, p. 81.
534:
532:Holoch, p. 78.
520:
506:
493:
480:
464:
462:Holoch, p. 76.
440:
438:Holoch, p. 77.
423:
422:
420:
417:
416:
415:
406:
387:
358:
351:
323:
307:Doar, Bruce. "
303:
300:
268:
265:
264:
263:
249:
225:
224:
204:
202:
191:
188:
182:
179:
154:", wrote that
130:
127:
118:
115:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
672:
661:
658:
656:
653:
651:
648:
646:
643:
641:
638:
636:
633:
631:
628:
627:
625:
616:
612:
606:
604:
600:
599:
595:
594:
590:
589:Novels portal
584:
579:
576:
565:
560:
550:
548:
544:
538:
535:
529:
527:
525:
521:
518:Hegel, p. 190
515:
513:
511:
507:
503:
497:
494:
490:
484:
481:
475:
473:
471:
469:
465:
459:
457:
455:
453:
451:
449:
447:
445:
441:
435:
433:
431:
429:
425:
418:
413:
412:
407:
404:
400:
396:
392:
388:
385:
381:
377:
373:
372:
367:
363:
359:
356:
352:
349:
345:
341:
337:
336:
331:
327:
324:
321:
318:
314:
310:
306:
305:
301:
299:
297:
291:
289:
284:
280:
279:
274:
266:
261:
257:
253:
250:
247:
243:
239:
236:
235:
234:
232:
221:
212:
208:
205:This section
203:
200:
196:
195:
189:
187:
180:
178:
176:
172:
171:Ōuyáng Jùyuán
168:
163:
161:
157:
153:
149:
145:
144:
138:
136:
128:
126:
124:
116:
114:
111:
107:
103:
99:
94:
92:
88:
84:
80:
77:), is a late-
76:
70:
66:
60:
52:
44:
40:
39:
32:
28:
23:
19:
608:(in Chinese)
596:
575:China portal
553:Yee, p. 574.
537:
496:
483:
478:Doar, p. 200
409:
390:
369:
361:
354:
333:
317:Available on
312:
295:
292:
287:
282:
276:
272:
270:
260:Ch'ü tai-tai
259:
255:
254:(C: 瞿太太, P:
251:
245:
241:
237:
228:
218:October 2013
215:
211:adding to it
206:
184:
174:
170:
166:
164:
155:
151:
141:
139:
134:
132:
122:
120:
101:
97:
95:
72:
62:
37:
36:
35:
26:
18:
635:1901 novels
246:Ch'ü Nai-an
160:magnum opus
129:Development
624:Categories
615:Wikisource
403:0472112414
384:0802054730
374:(Toronto:
368:(editor).
348:0231528515
332:(editor).
302:References
190:Characters
148:serialized
87:T. L. Yang
69:Wade–Giles
267:Reception
256:Qú-tàitai
242:Qú Nài'ān
238:Qu Nai'an
181:Structure
83:Li Baojia
397:, 2002.
281:, that
401:
382:
364:" in:
346:
71::
61::
59:pinyin
53::
45::
611:官場現形記
419:Notes
320:JSTOR
258:, W:
244:, W:
173:, W:
117:Title
55:官場現形記
47:官场现形记
399:ISBN
380:ISBN
344:ISBN
79:Qing
502:724
489:248
213:.
626::
613:-
601:-
546:^
523:^
509:^
467:^
443:^
427:^
393:.
338:.
146:,
93:.
67:;
57:;
49:;
504:.
322:)
262:)
220:)
216:(
41:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
