384:. Some dialects, most notably Severn Ojibwe, Algonquin, and Ottawa are characterized by many distinct features; such extensive differentiation is associated with lengthy "periods of isolation from other varieties of Ojibwe". Dialects that are adjacent to strongly differentiated dialects may show a mixture of transitional features. For example, the Border Lakes dialect is not strongly distinguished from the adjacent Western Ojibwe (Saulteaux) and Southwestern Ojibwe (Chippewa) dialects, and is characterized by the "grading of a few minor features."
57:
357:
the less strongly differentiated dialects. Rhodes and Todd recognize several different dialectal subgroupings within Ojibwe: (a) Ottawa; (b) Severn and
Algonquin; (c) a third subgroup which is further divided into (i) a subgrouping of Northwestern Ojibwe and Saulteaux, and a subgrouping consisting of Eastern Ojibwe and a further subgrouping comprising Southwestern Ojibwe and Central Ojibwe (see figure, this section).
245:
110:, is low enough that they could be considered distinct languages. There is no single dialect that is considered the most prestigious or most prominent, and no standard writing system that covers all dialects. The relative autonomy of the regional dialects of Ojibwe is associated with an absence of linguistic or political unity among
1120:'Nipissing language'. It is also cited from Ojibwe dialects other than Nipissing or Algonquin with the meaning 'Algonquin Indian', for example from Southwestern Ojibwe; other sources ranging from the seventeenth to nineteenth centuries cite the same form from several different Ojibwe dialects, including Ottawa.
392:
partly mutually intelligible, Ojibwe is usually considered to be a single language with a number of dialects. However, the relatively low degrees of mutual intelligibility between some nonadjacent Ojibwe dialects led to the suggestion that Ojibwe "...could be said to consist of several languages...".
391:
The degree of mutually intelligibility between nonadjacent dialects of Ojibwe varies considerably; recent research has helped to show the extent of the distance between Ottawa and the maximally different Severn Ojibwe dialect spoken in northwestern
Ontario. Because the dialects of Ojibwe are at least
387:
In some situations there is a mismatch between speakers' self-designations and what is supported by linguistic data. For example, the communities at Golden Lake, Ontario and
Maniwaki, Quebec are described by speakers at those locations as members of the Algonquin dialect, although linguistically both
356:
Two analyses of the relationships between the Ojibwe dialects are in agreement on the assignment of the strongly differentiated Ottawa dialect to a separate subgroup, and the assignment of Severn Ojibwe and
Algonquin to another subgroup, and differ primarily with respect to the relationships between
593:
in which the acute accent is used to indicate vowel length and the use of several consonant symbols accords with their general French values. Modern
Algonquin-language resources tend to use a more English-based system, in which long vowels are marked with a grave accent (or alternatively by doubling
902:
area of
Ontario near the borders of Ontario, Minnesota, and Manitoba. Although communities within the Border Lakes area have been considered part of the Saulteaux dialect, current classification treats Border Lakes as a separate dialect in the Southern tier. Communities identified as Border Lakes
364:
The distinction between the northern and southern dialect groupings is argued to "align to some extent with traditional subsistence patterns, in that the southern groups typically harvested maple sugar and wild rice, allowing for population aggregations that promoted such social institutions as
360:
Valentine has proposed that Ojibwe dialects are divided into three groups: a northern tier consisting of Severn Ojibwe and
Algonquin; a southern tier consisting of "Odawa, Chippewa, Eastern Ojibwe, the Ojibwe of the Border Lakes region between Minnesota and Ontario, and Saulteaux; and third, a
460:
dialects, Severn Ojibwe is a dialect of Ojibwe. Two minor sub-dialects have been identified: Big Trout Lake, and Deer Lake, with Big Trout Lake being further subdivided into a Severn subgroup and a Winisk River subgroup. Severn Ojibwe is primarily written by its speakers using the
552:
Algonquin is sometimes referred to as 'Northern
Algonquin' to distinguish it from the southern communities at Golden Lake, Ontario and Maniwaki, Québec which have traditionally been grouped with Algonquin, but are here classified as belonging to the Nipissing dialect.
348:
in northwestern
Ontario, to be distinguished from Northwestern Ojibwe; (b) Border Lakes Ojibwe, in western Ontario in the area bounded by the borders of Ontario, Manitoba, and Minnesota; (c) North of (Lake) Superior; and (d) Nipissing. Some sources recognize a
400:
The
Northern dialects of Ojibwe are Severn Ojibwe and Algonquin; they are strongly differentiated from other dialects of Ojibwe. A set of features characterise the northern dialects, and are found to varying degrees in adjacent transition dialects.
365:
medicine societies and totemic clan structures." Similarly, northern groups have made most extensive use of northern "waterways that flow into James and Hudson Bays, while southern groups were situated on the Great Lakes, Huron and Superior."
361:
transitional zone between these two polar groups, in which there is a mixture of northern and southern features." In this article the classification proposed by Valentine is utilized for the classification and subgrouping of Ojibwe dialects.
3766:
3553:
624:
There is support for a Western Algonquin subdialect, extending "âŠinland from Lake Huron and east of Lake SuperiorâŠ" toward the Ontario-QuĂ©bec border. Representative communities from this area include
3771:
1007:; marks long vowels with the macron; writes lenis consonants with voiceless symbols, and writes fortis consonants with /h/ before a lenis consonant, as in the name for the language,
193:. The dialects of Ojibwe are divided into distinctive northern and southern groups, with intervening transition dialects that have a mixture of features from the adjacent dialects.
353:
dialect, covering approximately the same territory as North of (Lake) Superior and Nipissing. In this article the analysis in which Central Ojibwe is not recognized is accepted.
3781:
3711:
by Dr. J. Randolph Valentine (1995) â a study in differences in vocabulary among different Anishinaabemowin-speaking communities, with accompanying dialectological maps.
98:
between adjacent dialects may be comparatively high but declines between some non-adjacent dialects. Mutual intelligibility between some non-adjacent dialects, notably
3394:
A dictionary of the Otchipwe language, explained in English. A new edition, by a missionary of the Oblates. Part I, English-Otchipwe; Part II, Otchipwe-English.
1175:
1076:
3745:
1024:
Nipissing communities have sometimes been classified as Eastern Ojibwe, but other research notes that several features distinguish the dialect documented at
538:
137:, with local pronunciation and spelling variants, and in some cases distinctive local names for particular dialects. The dialects of Ojibwe are spoken in
3776:
3739:
688:
1342:
in the east. In the analysis accepted in this article Central Ojibwe is not recognized; it is divided into North of (Lake) Superior and Nipissing.
316:. While there is some variation in the classification of Ojibwe dialects, at a minimum the following are recognized, proceeding west to east:
3540:
3406:
Cappel, Constance.(editor), 2007. Odawa Language and Legends: Andrew J. Blackbird and Raymond Kiogima, Philadelephia, PA: Xlibris Corp.
3708:
3685:
3664:
3650:
3636:
3599:
3585:
3563:
3523:
3495:
3481:
3453:
3439:
3285:
1770:
1286:
1149:
546:
344:. Field research conducted in the 1980s and 1990s led to the recognition of several other dialects: (a) Berens Ojibwe along the
45:
27:
3761:
1334:
dialect (also known as Central Ojibwe, Ojibway) is recognized in some analyses as a dialect of Ojibwe spoken in Ontario from
773:
3727:
1114:'those at the end of the lake' is attributed to Algonquin speakers as a term for Nipissing dialect speakers, with related
996:
912:
462:
134:
64:
1095:
self-identify as Algonquin, the language spoken there is Nipissing. Maniwaki speakers were among those who migrated from
576:
self-identify as Algonquin, the language spoken there is Nipissing; Maniwaki speakers were among those who migrated from
388:
are distinct from the clearly Algonquin communities north of those locations, and are assigned to the Nipissing dialect.
196:
This article lays out the general structure of Ojibwe dialectology, with links to separate articles on each dialect. The
2150:
2088:
2046:
1274:
893:
802:'(speaking the) Ojibwe language' is not restricted to a specific dialect; a recent Eastern Ojibwe dictionary notes that
325:
256:
or pronunciation). EOj = Eastern Ojibwe; SWOj = Southwestern Ojibwe; COj = Central Ojibwe; NWOj = North(western) Ojibwe.
1204:
3462:
National Museum of Man Mercury Series. Canadian Ethnology Service Paper No. 44. Ottawa: National Museums of Canada.
541:, Winneway (Long Point). The communities of Grand Lac Victoria (Kitcisakik) on Grand Lac Victoria and Lac Rapide on
2196:
534:
1668:
1167:
904:
70:
1218:
1058:
373:
253:
74:
3786:
1777:
1721:
1331:
1325:
1214:
942:
755:
712:
692:
350:
337:
317:
2702:
1270:
1163:
1124:
1004:
1000:
868:
818:
725:
590:
428:
95:
41:
37:
23:
118:
1282:
1278:
1179:
625:
3620:
Rhodes, Richard. 1976. "A preliminary report on the dialects of Eastern Ojibwa-Odawa." W. Cowan, ed.,
1079:, although the language is moribund at that location. Although speakers of Ojibwe in the community of
3396:
Montréal: Beauchemin & Valois. Reprint (in one volume), Minneapolis: Ross and Haines, 1966, 1973.
1171:
1080:
684:
629:
557:
510:
1381:
1248:
329:
197:
103:
3733:
2008:
1590:
675:
The Ottawa dialect is spoken in southern Ontario and northern Michigan, with main communities on
492:
341:
225:
107:
3509:
3467:
1028:(Maniwaki) from Eastern Ojibwe material documented from the core Eastern Ojibwe communities of
3681:
3660:
3646:
3632:
3595:
3581:
3559:
3536:
3519:
3505:
3500:
Goddard, Ives. 1994. "The West-to-East Cline in Algonquian Dialectology." William Cowan, ed.,
3491:
3477:
3463:
3449:
3435:
3281:
1900:
1849:
1449:
1290:
1258:
899:
848:
676:
542:
321:
91:
2692:
971:
781:
696:
530:
305:
158:
3722:
3605:
589:
Algonquin orthography is not standardized. Some older texts were written in a French-based
2687:
1798:
1444:
777:
670:
526:
333:
233:
229:
217:
209:
205:
201:
99:
83:
3641:
Rhodes, Richard and Evelyn Todd. 1981. "Subarctic Algonquian languages." June Helm, ed.,
3532:
3486:
Goddard, Ives. 1979. âComparative Algonquian.â Lyle Campbell and Marianne Mithun, eds,
2775:
2697:
1339:
1317:
1240:
1068:
934:
840:
747:
680:
662:
484:
420:
3703:
603:'downriver people' refers to Algonquin speakers, with the term for the language being
3755:
1155:
457:
213:
162:
867:
is applied to this dialect. Southwestern Ojibwe is most generally written using the
1366:
1335:
1262:
1254:
1210:
1159:
963:
908:
761:
522:
514:
345:
297:
289:
178:
154:
3576:
Nichols, John. 1996. "The Cree syllabary." Peter Daniels and William Bright, eds.
861:. This dialect is also referred in English as "Chippewa". The general Ojibwe term
3716:
456:. Although there is a significant increment of vocabulary borrowed from several
1096:
577:
261:
721:'(speaking the) Ottawa language' is also used to refer specifically to Ottawa.
1361:
1308:
1231:
1192:
1137:
1046:
1029:
925:
881:
831:
769:
738:
653:
475:
411:
1253:
The Northwestern dialect of Ojibwe is spoken approximately from northwest of
1374:
1313:
1236:
1196:
1141:
1050:
930:
886:
858:
854:
836:
743:
658:
480:
416:
369:
273:
269:
174:
170:
3736:â Syllabary fonts and keyboard emulators are also available from this site.
3613:
O'Meara, John. 1993. Review of Ernest McGregor, 1987, 'Algonquin Lexicon.'
1092:
573:
260:
The recognized dialects of Ojibwe are spoken in the region surrounding the
3472:
Goddard, Ives. 1978. "Central Algonquian Languages." Bruce Trigger, ed.,
1266:
1088:
959:
569:
453:
309:
285:
277:
221:
190:
166:
150:
33:
244:
3719:â Freeware off-line dictionary, updated with additional entries yearly.
1072:
967:
765:
518:
506:
449:
381:
301:
293:
265:
249:
182:
146:
87:
3444:
Day, Gordon and Bruce Trigger. 1978. "Algonquin." Bruce Trigger, ed.,
1269:
border. Communities identified as Northwestern include (east to west)
3118:
3116:
502:
377:
313:
281:
186:
142:
138:
111:
3610:. Retrieved June 1, 2016. PikwĂ kanagĂ n: OmĂ mawininĂŹ AnishinĂ bemowin.
974:. The language is referred to, as written in the local orthography,
1105:('Grammar of the Algonquin language') describes Nipissing speech.
586:('Grammar of the Algonquin language') describes Nipissing speech.
243:
2986:
2984:
1033:
995:
The writing system commonly used for Saulteaux incorporates the
3645:
pp. 52â66. Washington, D.C.: The Smithsonian Institution.
3427:
Société royale du Canada, Mémoires 9(1): 85-114; 10(1): 41-119.
2881:
2879:
2877:
2875:
2873:
2871:
2869:
2867:
3698:
3518:
pp. 1â16. Washington, D.C.: The Smithsonian Institution.
2999:
Cuoq, Jean André, 1896, p. 48; Cuoq does not write the accent.
2731:
2729:
1154:
The North of Superior dialect is spoken on the north shore of
1075:. A representative community in the Nipissing dialect area is
3516:
The Handbook of North American Indians, Volume 17. Languages,
2761:
2759:
2190:
3767:
Indigenous languages of the North American eastern woodlands
3643:
The Handbook of North American Indians, Volume 6. Subarctic,
1162:. Communities include (east to west) Pic Mobert, Pic Heron,
1008:
987:
981:
975:
809:
803:
797:
788:
3267:. 15th edition. Dallas: Summer Institute of Linguistics.
501:
dialect of Ojibwe is spoken in communities in northwestern
817:
Eastern Ojibwe is generally written with a version of the
3474:
Handbook of North American Indians, Volume 15, Northeast,
3446:
Handbook of North American Indians, Volume 15, Northeast,
3432:
Handbook of North American Indians, Volume 15, Northeast,
3187:
3185:
2947:
2945:
3514:
Goddard, Ives. 1996. "Introduction." Ives Goddard, ed.,
3476:
pp. 583â587. Washington: Smithsonian Institution.
3448:
pp. 792â797. Washington: Smithsonian Institution.
3434:
pp. 786â791. Washington: Smithsonian Institution.
3401:
Eastern Ojibwa: Grammatical sketch, texts and word list.
3043:
3041:
787:
The most general term for the Eastern Ojibwe dialect is
3460:
Algonquin dialect relationships in northwestern Quebec.
3035:
Baraga, Frederic, 1878, p. 336 gives <Otawamowin>
2812:
2810:
537:(Timiskaming), Rapid Lake (Barriere Lake), Rapid Sept,
3411:
NahkawÄwin: Saulteaux (Ojibway dialect of the Plains).
1123:
Speakers of this dialect generally use a French-based
202:
Ojibwe language: Relationship of Ojibwe and Potawatomi
3535:. Retrieved May 31, 2009. Dallas: SIL International.
3101:
Nichols, John and Earl Nyholm, 1995, pp. xxiii-xxviii
2765:
Rhodes, Richard, and Evelyn Todd, 1981, p. 54, Fig. 2
3772:
Indigenous languages of the North American Subarctic
3490:
pp. 70â132. Austin: University of Texas Press.
3430:
Day, Gordon. 1978. "Nipissing." Bruce Trigger, ed.,
3110:
Rhodes, Richard and Evelyn Todd, 1981, p. 54, Fig. 2
2617: Frenchman's Head
862:
716:
703:
252:
innovations and mutual intelligibility (rather than
234:
Ojibwe language: Ojibwe influence on other languages
122:
32:. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see
3704:Dr. J. Randolph Valentine's introduction to Ojibwe
1213:in northern Ontario. Reported communities include
724:Ottawa is generally written with a version of the
643:The southern dialects are presented east to west.
3530:Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 15th edition.
3413:Regina SK: Saskatchewan Indian Federated College.
1144:code for the North of Superior dialect of Ojibwe.
1021:The transition dialects are listed east to west.
368:Ojibwe dialects are distinguished by features of
2795:Rhodes, Richard and E. Todd, 1981, p. 61, Fig. 5
702:The most general term for the Ottawa dialect is
556:Although speakers of Ojibwe in the community of
529:, Cadillac, Grand Lac Victoria, Hunter's Point,
513:language family). Algonquin is spoken along the
200:is closely related to Ojibwe; information is at
46:IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters
3746:The Linguasphere Register. 1999 / 2000 edition.
3549:Maniwaki, QC: River Desert Education Authority.
3504:pp. 187â211. Ottawa: Carleton University.
2674: Poplar Hill
2649: Slate Falls
1115:
1109:
1099:. Similarly, the nineteenth-century missionary
616:
610:
604:
598:
580:. Similarly, the nineteenth-century missionary
212:, and the use of various dialects of Ojibwe as
117:The general name for the language in Ojibwe is
3673:PhD dissertation, University of Texas, Austin.
784:, which deletes metrically weak short vowels.
776:, Ontario. Eastern Ojibwe and the neighboring
699:, which deletes metrically weak short vowels.
448:in the language itself, is spoken in northern
3657:Rama First Nation Ojibwe language dictionary.
3615:International Journal of American Linguistics
3254:Valentine, J. Randolph, 1994, pp. 31, 417-422
3148:
3146:
2894:Rhodes, Richard, and Evelyn Todd, 1981, p. 52
780:dialect are characterized by extensive vowel
760:The Eastern Ojibwe dialect is spoken east of
695:dialect are characterized by extensive vowel
525:. Recognized Algonquin communities include:
284:in the area along the Québec-Ontario border,
8:
3709:Ojibwe Dialect Relations : Lexical Maps
3659:Rama, ON: Mnjikaning Kendaaswin Publishers.
3622:Papers of the seventh Algonquian conference,
3580:599-611. New York: Oxford University Press.
3555:Encyclopedia of World's Endangered Languages
3374:
3372:
3370:
3351:
3349:
3347:
3278:Encyclopedia of World's Endangered Languages
2753:Rhodes, Richard and Evelyn Todd, 1981, p. 62
1199:code for the Berens River dialect of Ojibwe.
1100:
937:(Plains Ojibwe/Saulteaux ("Western Ojibwe"))
609:. The general Algonquin self-designation is
581:
248:The subgrouping of Ojibwe dialects based on
128:
1067:dialect of Ojibwe is spoken in the area of
768:. The main Eastern Ojibwe communities are
280:, with other groups of speakers in western
157:, with outlying communities in Alberta and
3092:Nichols, John and Earl Nyholm, 1995, p. 10
796:which is also applied to Ottawa. The term
509:(to be distinguished from the name of the
90:occupying adjacent territories, forming a
3782:Indigenous languages of the United States
3629:Eastern OjibwaâChippewaâOttawa Dictionary
3594:St. Paul: University of Minnesota Press.
3592:A concise dictionary of Minnesota Ojibwe.
3502:Papers of the 25th Algonquian Conference,
3017:Valentine, J. Randolph, 1994, pp. 32, 110
2187:Eastern Ojibwa-Chippewa-Ottawa Dictionary
1053:code for the Nipissing dialect of Ojibwe.
958:) is spoken in the Canadian provinces of
3403:Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
3245:Valentine, J. Randolph, 1994, pp. 28, 33
2903:Rhodes, Richard and E. Todd, 1981, p. 52
2852:Valentine, J. Randolph, 1994, pp. 43, 78
2176:
1354:
1209:Berens River Ojibwe is spoken along the
2825:Valentine, J. Randolph, 1994, pp. 43â44
2716:
1297:Dialect not recognized in this analysis
121:, written in one common orthography as
75:question marks, boxes, or other symbols
65:Canadian Aboriginal syllabic characters
3680:Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
2744:Rhodes, Richard, and Evelyn Todd, 1981
2375:
3742:(Saskatchewan Indian Cultural Centre)
3624:129-156. Ottawa: Carleton University.
3590:Nichols, John and Earl Nyholm. 1995.
3573:PhD dissertation, Harvard University.
3341:Moseley, Christopher, 2007, pp. 81-82
3323:Moseley, Christopher, 2007, pp. 25-26
3152:Rhodes, Richard and Evelyn Todd, 1981
2861:Valentine, J. Randolph, pp. 32, 78-79
2654:
2581:
2546:
2296:
2217:
2207:
2087:
2064:
1929:
1922:
1899:
1830:
1816:
1809:
1760:
1725:
1716:
1653:
1628:
1611:
1599:
1551:
1502:
1425:
1415:
1408:
1392:
1380:
898:Border Lakes Ojibwe is spoken in the
7:
3170:Valentine, J. Randolph, 1994, p. 110
2912:Valentine, J. Randolph, 1994, p. 118
2786:Valentine, J. Randolph, 1994, p. 456
2469:: White Earth (Central & South)
1158:in the area to the west and east of
36:. For the distinction between ,
3533:Ethnologue entry for Central Ojibwa
3265:Ethnologue: Languages of the World
3263:Raymond G. Gordon Jr., ed. 2005.
3122:Valentine, J. Randolph, 1994, p. 33
3083:Nichols, John and Earl Nyholm, 1995
2939:Valentine, J. Randolph, 1994, p. 32
2843:Valentine, J. Randolph, 1994, p. 41
2834:Valentine, J. Randolph, 1994, p. 42
2776:Ethnologue entry for Central Ojibwa
2589:N/A (Western Canadian Border Lakes)
2485:: Leech Lake (Central & South)
2173:In regionally specific dictionaries
1102:Grammaire de la language algonquine
583:Grammaire de la language algonquine
210:Ojibwe language: Broken Ogghibbeway
3730:â With data on speaker populations
3604:OmĂ mawininĂŹ AnishinĂ bemowin. n.d.
3425:Grammaire de la langue algonquine.
2960:McGregor, Ernest, 1987, pp. vii-xi
2816:Valentine, J. Randolph, 1994, p 45
2804:J. Randolph Valentine, 1994, p. 39
2723:Valentine, J. Randolph, 1994, p. 6
2461:: Mille Lacs (District 1 & 2)
2180:This article and related articles
1946:Upper Michigan-Wisconsin Chippewa
1358:This article and related articles
1346:Language code correspondence table
992:(as written in the local system).
843:(Southwestern Ojibwe ("Chippewa"))
177:, with a number of communities in
14:
3777:First Nations languages in Canada
3723:Language Museum report for Ojibwe
3378:Moseley, Christopher, 2007, p. 77
3364:Moseley, Christopher, 2007, p. 82
3355:Moseley, Christopher, 2007, p. 67
3332:Moseley, Christopher, 2007, p. 68
3314:Moseley, Christopher, 2007, p. 78
3305:Moseley, Christopher, 2007, p. 70
3296:Moseley, Christopher, 2007, p. 74
2386:Upper Michigan-Wisconsin Chippewa
2198:Anishinaabe-Ikidowinan Dictionary
889:code for this dialect of Ojibwe.
853:Southwestern Ojibwe is spoken in
3678:Nishnaabemwin Reference Grammar.
3488:The languages of Native America,
3418:Lexique de la langue algonquine.
3065:Snache, Irene, 2005, pp. 111â112
2563:: Eastern Canadian Border Lakes
1150:North of Superior Ojibwe dialect
911:(Rainy River First Nation), and
55:
549:, a provincial park in Québec.
185:, as well as migrant groups in
28:International Phonetic Alphabet
3728:Aboriginal Languages of Canada
3676:Valentine, J. Randolph. 2001.
3669:Valentine, J. Randolph. 1994.
3218:Baraga, Frederic, 1878, p. 314
3209:McGregor, Ernest, 1987, p. 275
3200:Cuoq, Jean André, 1886, p. 314
2990:McGregor, Ernest, 1987, p. 282
2978:Cuoq, Jean André, 1896, p. 298
2390:N/A (Upper Peninsula Michigan)
322:Southwestern Ojibwe (Chippewa)
218:Ojibwe language: Lingua franca
1:
3671:Ojibwe dialect relationships.
3631:. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
3558:. Agingdon, Oxon: Routledge.
3528:Gordon, Raymond G. Jr. 2005.
3008:McGregor, Ernest, 1987, p. 41
2969:OmĂ miwininĂŹ PimĂ djwowin, n.d.
2642:: Osnaburgh (Mishkeegogamang)
2034:Northwestern-Saulteaux Ojibwa
691:. Ottawa and the neighboring
547:La VĂ©rendrye Wildlife Reserve
3734:Language Geek Page on Ojibwe
3578:The worldâs writing systems,
3552:Moseley, Christopher. 2007.
3276:Moseley, Christopher. 2007.
3026:Valentine, J. Randolph, 2001
2885:Valentine, J. Randolph, 1994
2735:Nichols, John, 1980, pp. 1â2
2397:N/A (Northeastern Wisconsin)
1009:
988:
982:
976:
970:, with an outlying group in
894:Border Lakes Ojibwe language
810:
804:
798:
789:
717:
704:
3399:Bloomfield, Leonard. 1958.
1962:Central Minnesota Chippewa
1205:Berens River Ojibwe dialect
863:
615:or orthographic equivalent
597:The Nipissing dialect term
292:, and a few communities in
123:
3803:
3717:Freelang Ojibwe Dictionary
2549:
2449:Central Minnesota Chippewa
2444:: Mille Lacs (District 3)
2378:
2224:
2210:
2204:
2192:Ojibwe People's Dictionary
1978:Minnesota Border Chippewa
1953:Central Minnesota Chippewa
1870:
1707:
1507:
1499:
1443:
1418:
1399:
1323:
1246:
1202:
1147:
1056:
940:
891:
846:
753:
668:
517:valley east of the Quebec-
490:
426:
318:Western Ojibwe (Saulteaux)
77: instead of syllabics.
3627:Rhodes, Richard A. 1985.
3227:Day, Gordon, 1978, p. 791
2660:
2657:
2625:
2622:
2603:
2597:
2594:
2587:
2559:
2556:
2539:
2534:N/A (White Earth (North))
2532:
2524:
2521:
2514:
2506:
2498:
2492:
2490:Minnesota Border Chippewa
2489:
2481:
2473:
2465:
2457:
2455:: North Central Minnesota
2451:
2448:
2440:
2432:
2426:
2418:
2410:
2402:
2395:
2388:
2385:
2303:
2293:
2290:
2275:: Chippewa of the Thames)
2230:
2185:
2182:
2179:
2149:
2117:
2106:Lake of the Woods Ojibwa
2071:
2050:
2045:
2036:
2029:
2022:
2019:
2012:
2007:
2003:Turtle Mountain Chippewa
1982:
1969:Minnesota Border Chippewa
1934:
1904:
1890:
1879:
1865:
1858:
1853:
1848:
1823:
1797:
1788:
1781:
1776:
1769:
1749:
1742:
1735:
1732:
1691:
1686:
1667:
1644:
1621:
1618:
1589:
1544:
1528:
1521:
1514:
1488:
1481:
1467:
1460:
1448:
1373:
1370:
1365:
1360:
1357:
999:phonetic symbols /ĆĄ/ for
711:which is also applied to
129:
86:is spoken in a series of
3545:McGregor, Ernest. 1987.
3423:Cuoq, Jean André. 1891.
3416:Cuoq, Jean André. 1886.
3392:Baraga, Frederic. 1878.
2585:Lake of the Woods Ojibwa
2577:: Nigigoonsiminikaaning
1771:North of Superior Ojibwe
1059:Nipissing Ojibwe dialect
521:border, centered around
330:Severn Ojibwe (Oji-Cree)
3699:Ojibwe Language Society
3458:Gilstrap, Roger. 1978.
1326:Central Ojibwa language
1116:
1110:
943:Western Ojibwa language
756:Eastern Ojibwa language
617:
611:
605:
599:
24:phonetic transcriptions
3420:Montréal: J. Chapleau.
3409:Cote, Margaret. 1984.
3236:Cuoq, Jean Andre, 1886
3191:McGregor, Ernest, 1987
2951:Cuoq, Jean André, 1891
2703:Ojibwe writing systems
2430:: South Central Region
2422:: Lac Courte Oreilles
1101:
683:, Ontario; as well as
582:
429:Severn Ojibwa language
257:
112:Ojibwe-speaking groups
96:mutual intelligibility
63:This article contains
21:This article contains
3762:Anishinaabe languages
3740:Our Languages: NakawÄ
3655:Snache, Irene. 2005.
3569:Nichols, John. 1980.
3140:Rhodes, Richard, 1976
3047:Rhodes, Richard, 1985
2930:Gilstrap, Roger, 1978
2541:N/A (Turtle Mountain)
2528:: Red Lake (Ponemah)
2502:: Leech Lake (North)
1689:(Nipissing Algonquin)
1243:(Northwestern Ojibwe)
814:are interchangeable.
247:
232:; for discussion see
3131:Cote, Margaret, 1984
3056:Snache, Irene, 2005,
2921:Nichols, John. 1996.
2554:Ojibwa, Northwestern
2496:: Northern Minnesota
2166:Berens River Ojibwa
2145:Albany River Ojibwa
2055:Ojibwa, Northwestern
1556:Severn River Ojibwa
1533:Winisk River Ojibwa
564:and formerly called
3161:O'Meara, John, 1993
3074:Nichols, John, 1980
2774:Gordon, Ray, 2005,
2658:Berens River Ojibwa
2655:Berens River Ojibwe
2623:Albany River Ojibwa
2600:Northwestern Ojibwe
2582:Northwestern Ojibwe
2547:Border Lakes Ojibwe
2516:N/A (Grand Portage)
2376:Southwestern Ojibwe
2264:: Christian Island)
2157:Berens River Ojibwa
2151:Berens River Ojibwe
2136:Albany River Ojibwa
2089:Northwestern Ojibwe
2083:Rainy River Ojibwa
2076:Northwestern Ojibwa
2047:Border Lakes Ojibwe
1930:Southwestern Ojibwe
1927:Ojibwa-Southwestern
1901:Southwestern Ojibwe
1863:Algonquin-Vehicular
1654:Northern Algonquin
1583:Ojibwa-Northwestern
1547:Severn River Ojibwa
1495:Ojibwa-Northeastern
1477:Winisk River Ojibwa
1437:Southern Potawatomi
1388:Northern Potawatomi
1249:Northwestern Ojibwa
1225:Northwestern Ojibwe
1221:, both in Ontario.
1186:Berens River Ojibwe
1117:odishkwaagamiimowin
1017:Transition dialects
825:Southwestern Ojibwe
326:Northwestern Ojibwe
198:Potawatomi language
119:/anÉȘÊËÉȘnaËpeËmowÉȘn/
3571:Ojibwe morphology.
3547:Algonquin lexicon.
2557:Rainy River Ojibwa
2060:Rainy River Ojibwa
1994:Red Lake Chippewa
1932:(Anishinaabemowin)
1895:Broken Oghibbeway
1687:Southern Algonquin
1682:Maniwaki Algonquin
1675:Maniwaki Algonquin
1647:Northern Algonquin
1640:Northern Algonquin
1261:area south of the
1182:, all in Ontario.
915:, all in Ontario.
535:Notre Dame du Nord
493:Algonquin language
258:
3541:978-1-55671-159-6
3179:Day, Gordon, 1978
2679:
2678:
2590:
2542:
2535:
2522:Red Lake Chippewa
2517:
2398:
2391:
2308:: Chippewa/Ottawa
2170:
2169:
2159:
2138:
2122:
2115:
2099:
2062:
2027:
1987:
1985:Red Lake Chippewa
1971:
1955:
1920:
1868:
1856:
1850:Broken Oghibbeway
1844:
1828:
1807:
1740:
1705:
1684:
1677:
1663:
1661:Western Algonquin
1651:
1642:
1609:
1597:
1585:
1579:
1574:
1565:
1549:
1542:
1540:Western Big Trout
1497:
1491:
1479:
1458:
1456:Eastern Big Trout
1439:
1423:Ojibwa-Potawatomi
1390:
1259:Lake of the Woods
1131:North of Superior
900:Lake of the Woods
849:Chippewa language
677:Manitoulin Island
639:Southern dialects
543:Cabonga Reservoir
539:Lac Simon, Québec
533:(Eagle Village),
446:Anihshininiimowin
396:Northern dialects
71:rendering support
3794:
3379:
3376:
3365:
3362:
3356:
3353:
3342:
3339:
3333:
3330:
3324:
3321:
3315:
3312:
3306:
3303:
3297:
3294:
3288:
3274:
3268:
3261:
3255:
3252:
3246:
3243:
3237:
3234:
3228:
3225:
3219:
3216:
3210:
3207:
3201:
3198:
3192:
3189:
3180:
3177:
3171:
3168:
3162:
3159:
3153:
3150:
3141:
3138:
3132:
3129:
3123:
3120:
3111:
3108:
3102:
3099:
3093:
3090:
3084:
3081:
3075:
3072:
3066:
3063:
3057:
3054:
3048:
3045:
3036:
3033:
3027:
3024:
3018:
3015:
3009:
3006:
3000:
2997:
2991:
2988:
2979:
2976:
2970:
2967:
2961:
2958:
2952:
2949:
2940:
2937:
2931:
2928:
2922:
2919:
2913:
2910:
2904:
2901:
2895:
2892:
2886:
2883:
2862:
2859:
2853:
2850:
2844:
2841:
2835:
2832:
2826:
2823:
2817:
2814:
2805:
2802:
2796:
2793:
2787:
2784:
2778:
2772:
2766:
2763:
2754:
2751:
2745:
2742:
2736:
2733:
2724:
2721:
2693:Ojibwe phonology
2675:
2668:
2650:
2643:
2633:
2618:
2611:
2601:
2588:
2540:
2533:
2515:
2396:
2389:
2371:
2358:
2348:
2338:
2328:
2317:
2316:: Walpole Island
2309:
2286:
2276:
2265:
2254:
2244:
2236:
2235:: Eastern Ojibwa
2228:
2199:
2193:
2188:
2177:
2155:
2134:
2129:Lac Seul Ojibwa
2118:
2111:
2093:
2058:
2023:
1983:
1967:
1951:
1912:
1884:Central-Eastern-
1866:
1854:
1840:
1824:
1803:
1754:Central-Eastern-
1736:
1703:Nipissing Ojibwe
1701:
1680:
1673:
1669:Nipissing Ojibwe
1659:
1645:
1638:
1607:
1595:
1581:
1577:
1570:
1561:
1545:
1538:
1519:Severn-Algonquin
1493:
1489:
1475:
1454:
1435:
1386:
1355:
1320:(Central Ojibwe)
1119:
1113:
1104:
1012:
1006:
1002:
991:
985:
979:
972:British Columbia
871:writing system.
866:
864:Anishinaabemowin
821:writing system.
813:
807:
801:
792:
750:(Eastern Ojibwe)
728:writing system.
720:
707:
620:
614:
608:
606:omĂ mĂŹwininĂŹmowin
602:
585:
306:British Columbia
208:is discussed at
159:British Columbia
132:
131:
126:
124:Anishinaabemowin
120:
92:language complex
59:
58:
43:
39:
16:Language complex
3802:
3801:
3797:
3796:
3795:
3793:
3792:
3791:
3752:
3751:
3695:
3690:
3617:59(1): 108-113.
3388:
3383:
3382:
3377:
3368:
3363:
3359:
3354:
3345:
3340:
3336:
3331:
3327:
3322:
3318:
3313:
3309:
3304:
3300:
3295:
3291:
3275:
3271:
3262:
3258:
3253:
3249:
3244:
3240:
3235:
3231:
3226:
3222:
3217:
3213:
3208:
3204:
3199:
3195:
3190:
3183:
3178:
3174:
3169:
3165:
3160:
3156:
3151:
3144:
3139:
3135:
3130:
3126:
3121:
3114:
3109:
3105:
3100:
3096:
3091:
3087:
3082:
3078:
3073:
3069:
3064:
3060:
3055:
3051:
3046:
3039:
3034:
3030:
3025:
3021:
3016:
3012:
3007:
3003:
2998:
2994:
2989:
2982:
2977:
2973:
2968:
2964:
2959:
2955:
2950:
2943:
2938:
2934:
2929:
2925:
2920:
2916:
2911:
2907:
2902:
2898:
2893:
2889:
2884:
2865:
2860:
2856:
2851:
2847:
2842:
2838:
2833:
2829:
2824:
2820:
2815:
2808:
2803:
2799:
2794:
2790:
2785:
2781:
2773:
2769:
2764:
2757:
2752:
2748:
2743:
2739:
2734:
2727:
2722:
2718:
2713:
2688:Ojibwe language
2684:
2673:
2663:
2648:
2638:
2628:
2616:
2606:
2599:
2598:
2595:Lac Seul Ojibwa
2569:: Lac La Croix
2553:
2382:
2366:
2357:: Cross Village
2353:
2343:
2333:
2327:: Kettle Point)
2322:
2312:
2304:
2300:
2294:Chippewa-Ottawa
2281:
2270:
2259:
2249:
2239:
2231:
2227:Southern Ojibwa
2226:
2225:
2222:Ojibwa, Eastern
2221:
2214:
2197:
2195:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2175:
2165:
2144:
2128:
2120:Northern Ojibwe
2113:Lac Seul Ojibwa
2105:
2096:
2082:
2075:
2069:Ojibwa-Southern
2068:
2054:
2041:Western Ojibwa
2040:
2033:
2017:Ojibwa, Western
2016:
2002:
1993:
1977:
1961:
1945:
1938:
1931:
1926:
1917:
1915:
1914:Upper Michigan-
1908:
1894:
1888:Ojibwa (cont'd)
1887:
1885:
1883:
1876:
1874:
1862:
1834:
1820:
1813:
1805:Chippewa-Ottawa
1793:Eastern Ojibwa
1792:
1786:Ojibwa, Eastern
1785:
1765:Central Ojibwa
1764:
1757:
1755:
1753:
1746:
1729:
1722:Ojibwa, Central
1720:
1713:
1711:
1695:
1688:
1648:
1632:
1625:
1615:
1603:
1580:
1555:
1532:
1525:
1518:
1511:
1504:
1492:
1486:Ojibwa-Northern
1485:
1471:
1464:
1429:
1422:
1412:
1405:
1403:
1396:
1353:
1348:
1338:in the west to
1328:
1304:
1299:
1275:Osnaburgh House
1257:, north of the
1251:
1227:
1207:
1188:
1152:
1133:
1061:
1042:
1019:
1010:AnihĆĄinÄpÄmowin
977:AnihĆĄinÄpÄmowin
945:
921:
896:
877:
851:
827:
758:
734:
673:
671:Ottawa language
649:
641:
635:
495:
471:
442:Northern Ojibwa
431:
423:(Severn Ojibwe)
407:
398:
242:
206:pidgin language
84:Ojibwe language
80:
79:
78:
69:Without proper
60:
56:
51:
50:
49:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3800:
3798:
3790:
3789:
3787:Ojibwe culture
3784:
3779:
3774:
3769:
3764:
3754:
3753:
3750:
3749:
3743:
3737:
3731:
3725:
3720:
3714:
3713:
3712:
3701:
3694:
3693:External links
3691:
3689:
3688:
3674:
3667:
3653:
3639:
3625:
3618:
3611:
3602:
3588:
3574:
3567:
3550:
3543:
3526:
3512:
3498:
3484:
3470:
3456:
3442:
3428:
3421:
3414:
3407:
3404:
3397:
3389:
3387:
3384:
3381:
3380:
3366:
3357:
3343:
3334:
3325:
3316:
3307:
3298:
3289:
3269:
3256:
3247:
3238:
3229:
3220:
3211:
3202:
3193:
3181:
3172:
3163:
3154:
3142:
3133:
3124:
3112:
3103:
3094:
3085:
3076:
3067:
3058:
3049:
3037:
3028:
3019:
3010:
3001:
2992:
2980:
2971:
2962:
2953:
2941:
2932:
2923:
2914:
2905:
2896:
2887:
2863:
2854:
2845:
2836:
2827:
2818:
2806:
2797:
2788:
2779:
2767:
2755:
2746:
2737:
2725:
2715:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2708:
2707:
2706:
2705:
2700:
2698:Ojibwe grammar
2695:
2683:
2680:
2677:
2676:
2670:
2669:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2652:
2651:
2645:
2644:
2635:
2634:
2626:
2624:
2620:
2619:
2613:
2612:
2604:
2602:
2596:
2592:
2591:
2586:
2583:
2579:
2578:
2571:
2570:
2564:
2558:
2555:
2548:
2544:
2543:
2537:
2536:
2530:
2529:
2523:
2519:
2518:
2512:
2511:
2504:
2503:
2497:
2491:
2487:
2486:
2479:
2478:
2477:: Fond du Lac
2471:
2470:
2463:
2462:
2456:
2450:
2446:
2445:
2438:
2437:
2431:
2424:
2423:
2416:
2415:
2408:
2407:
2400:
2399:
2393:
2392:
2387:
2384:
2377:
2373:
2372:
2364:
2360:
2359:
2350:
2349:
2340:
2339:
2330:
2329:
2319:
2318:
2310:
2302:
2295:
2292:
2288:
2287:
2278:
2277:
2267:
2266:
2256:
2255:
2246:
2245:
2237:
2229:
2223:
2216:
2209:
2208:Eastern Ojibwe
2206:
2202:
2201:
2184:
2181:
2174:
2171:
2168:
2167:
2160:
2153:
2147:
2146:
2139:
2131:
2130:
2123:
2116:
2108:
2107:
2100:
2091:
2085:
2084:
2077:
2070:
2063:
2056:
2049:
2043:
2042:
2035:
2028:
2021:
2018:
2011:
2005:
2004:
1996:
1995:
1988:
1980:
1979:
1972:
1964:
1963:
1956:
1948:
1947:
1940:
1933:
1928:
1921:
1910:
1903:
1897:
1896:
1889:
1878:
1875:Nuclear Ojibwa
1869:
1864:
1857:
1852:
1846:
1845:
1837:
1836:
1829:
1822:
1815:
1808:
1801:
1795:
1794:
1787:
1780:
1778:Eastern Ojibwe
1774:
1773:
1767:
1766:
1759:
1748:
1747:Nuclear Ojibwa
1741:
1738:Eastern Ojibwe
1734:
1731:
1730:Ojibwa-Eastern
1724:
1715:
1706:
1698:
1697:
1690:
1685:
1678:
1671:
1665:
1664:
1656:
1655:
1652:
1643:
1635:
1634:
1627:
1620:
1617:
1610:
1605:
1598:
1593:
1587:
1586:
1575:
1567:
1566:
1558:
1557:
1550:
1543:
1535:
1534:
1527:
1520:
1513:
1506:
1501:
1498:
1487:
1480:
1473:
1472:Ojibwa, Severn
1466:
1459:
1452:
1447:
1441:
1440:
1432:
1431:
1424:
1417:
1414:
1407:
1398:
1391:
1384:
1378:
1377:
1372:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1352:
1349:
1347:
1344:
1340:Lake Nipissing
1332:Central Ojibwe
1324:Main article:
1322:
1321:
1303:
1302:Central Ojibwe
1300:
1298:
1295:
1287:Grassy Narrows
1247:Main article:
1245:
1244:
1226:
1223:
1203:Main article:
1201:
1200:
1187:
1184:
1148:Main article:
1146:
1145:
1132:
1129:
1125:writing system
1111:odishkwaagamii
1069:Lake Nipissing
1057:Main article:
1055:
1054:
1041:
1038:
1018:
1015:
952:Western Ojibwe
941:Main article:
939:
938:
920:
917:
892:Main article:
876:
873:
847:Main article:
845:
844:
826:
823:
772:, Ontario and
754:Main article:
752:
751:
733:
732:Eastern Ojibwe
730:
713:Eastern Ojibwe
693:Eastern Ojibwe
681:Walpole Island
679:, Ontario; at
669:Main article:
667:
666:
648:
645:
640:
637:
628:, Ontario and
527:Amos (Pikogan)
491:Main article:
489:
488:
470:
467:
463:Cree syllabary
436:, also called
427:Main article:
425:
424:
406:
403:
397:
394:
351:Central Ojibwe
338:Eastern Ojibwe
334:Ottawa (Odawa)
241:
240:Classification
238:
222:borrowed words
73:, you may see
61:
54:
53:
52:
44:⟩, see
20:
19:
18:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3799:
3788:
3785:
3783:
3780:
3778:
3775:
3773:
3770:
3768:
3765:
3763:
3760:
3759:
3757:
3748:Algic sector.
3747:
3744:
3741:
3738:
3735:
3732:
3729:
3726:
3724:
3721:
3718:
3715:
3710:
3707:
3706:
3705:
3702:
3700:
3697:
3696:
3692:
3687:
3686:0-8020-4870-6
3683:
3679:
3675:
3672:
3668:
3666:
3665:1-894632-01-X
3662:
3658:
3654:
3652:
3651:0-16-004578-9
3648:
3644:
3640:
3638:
3637:3-11-013749-6
3634:
3630:
3626:
3623:
3619:
3616:
3612:
3609:
3608:
3603:
3601:
3600:0-8166-2427-5
3597:
3593:
3589:
3587:
3586:0-19-507993-0
3583:
3579:
3575:
3572:
3568:
3565:
3564:0-203-64565-0
3561:
3557:
3556:
3551:
3548:
3544:
3542:
3538:
3534:
3531:
3527:
3525:
3524:0-16-048774-9
3521:
3517:
3513:
3511:
3507:
3503:
3499:
3497:
3496:0-292-74624-5
3493:
3489:
3485:
3483:
3482:0-16-004575-4
3479:
3475:
3471:
3469:
3465:
3461:
3457:
3455:
3454:0-16-004575-4
3451:
3447:
3443:
3441:
3440:0-16-004575-4
3437:
3433:
3429:
3426:
3422:
3419:
3415:
3412:
3408:
3405:
3402:
3398:
3395:
3391:
3390:
3385:
3375:
3373:
3371:
3367:
3361:
3358:
3352:
3350:
3348:
3344:
3338:
3335:
3329:
3326:
3320:
3317:
3311:
3308:
3302:
3299:
3293:
3290:
3287:
3286:0-203-64565-0
3283:
3279:
3273:
3270:
3266:
3260:
3257:
3251:
3248:
3242:
3239:
3233:
3230:
3224:
3221:
3215:
3212:
3206:
3203:
3197:
3194:
3188:
3186:
3182:
3176:
3173:
3167:
3164:
3158:
3155:
3149:
3147:
3143:
3137:
3134:
3128:
3125:
3119:
3117:
3113:
3107:
3104:
3098:
3095:
3089:
3086:
3080:
3077:
3071:
3068:
3062:
3059:
3053:
3050:
3044:
3042:
3038:
3032:
3029:
3023:
3020:
3014:
3011:
3005:
3002:
2996:
2993:
2987:
2985:
2981:
2975:
2972:
2966:
2963:
2957:
2954:
2948:
2946:
2942:
2936:
2933:
2927:
2924:
2918:
2915:
2909:
2906:
2900:
2897:
2891:
2888:
2882:
2880:
2878:
2876:
2874:
2872:
2870:
2868:
2864:
2858:
2855:
2849:
2846:
2840:
2837:
2831:
2828:
2822:
2819:
2813:
2811:
2807:
2801:
2798:
2792:
2789:
2783:
2780:
2777:
2771:
2768:
2762:
2760:
2756:
2750:
2747:
2741:
2738:
2732:
2730:
2726:
2720:
2717:
2710:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2690:
2689:
2686:
2685:
2681:
2672:
2671:
2666:
2662:
2653:
2647:
2646:
2641:
2637:
2636:
2631:
2627:
2621:
2615:
2614:
2609:
2605:
2593:
2584:
2580:
2576:
2573:
2572:
2568:
2565:
2562:
2552:
2545:
2538:
2531:
2527:
2520:
2513:
2510:: Bois Forte
2509:
2505:
2501:
2495:
2488:
2484:
2480:
2476:
2472:
2468:
2464:
2460:
2454:
2447:
2443:
2439:
2435:
2429:
2425:
2421:
2417:
2413:
2409:
2405:
2401:
2394:
2381:
2374:
2369:
2365:
2363:Ottawa-Ottawa
2362:
2361:
2356:
2352:
2351:
2346:
2342:
2341:
2336:
2332:
2331:
2326:
2321:
2320:
2315:
2311:
2307:
2299:
2289:
2285:: Cape Croker
2284:
2280:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2268:
2263:
2258:
2257:
2252:
2248:
2247:
2242:
2238:
2234:
2220:
2213:
2203:
2200:
2194:
2178:
2172:
2164:
2161:
2158:
2154:
2152:
2148:
2143:
2140:
2137:
2133:
2132:
2127:
2124:
2121:
2114:
2110:
2109:
2104:
2101:
2098:
2092:
2090:
2086:
2081:
2078:
2074:
2067:
2061:
2057:
2053:
2048:
2044:
2039:
2032:
2026:
2015:
2010:
2006:
2001:
1998:
1997:
1992:
1989:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1973:
1970:
1966:
1965:
1960:
1957:
1954:
1950:
1949:
1944:
1941:
1937:
1925:
1919:
1911:
1907:
1902:
1898:
1893:
1882:
1873:
1861:
1851:
1847:
1843:
1842:Ottawa-Ottawa
1839:
1838:
1833:
1827:
1819:
1812:
1806:
1802:
1800:
1796:
1791:
1784:
1779:
1775:
1772:
1768:
1763:
1752:
1745:
1739:
1733:Nishnaabemwin
1728:
1723:
1719:
1710:
1704:
1700:
1699:
1694:
1683:
1679:
1676:
1672:
1670:
1666:
1662:
1658:
1657:
1650:
1641:
1637:
1636:
1631:
1624:
1619:Old Algonquin
1614:
1606:
1602:
1594:
1592:
1588:
1584:
1576:
1573:
1569:
1568:
1564:
1560:
1559:
1554:
1548:
1541:
1537:
1536:
1531:
1526:Severn Ojibwa
1524:
1517:
1510:
1503:Severn Ojibwe
1496:
1484:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1463:
1457:
1453:
1451:
1450:Severn Ojibwe
1446:
1442:
1438:
1434:
1433:
1428:
1421:
1411:
1402:
1395:
1389:
1385:
1383:
1379:
1376:
1368:
1363:
1356:
1351:In literature
1350:
1345:
1343:
1341:
1337:
1333:
1327:
1319:
1315:
1311:
1310:
1306:
1305:
1301:
1296:
1294:
1292:
1288:
1284:
1280:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1260:
1256:
1250:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1233:
1229:
1228:
1224:
1222:
1220:
1216:
1212:
1206:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1189:
1185:
1183:
1181:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1156:Lake Superior
1151:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1134:
1130:
1128:
1126:
1121:
1118:
1112:
1106:
1103:
1098:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1083:(also called
1082:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1060:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1043:
1039:
1037:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1022:
1016:
1014:
1011:
998:
993:
990:
984:
978:
973:
969:
965:
961:
957:
956:Plains Ojibwe
953:
950:Ojibwe (also
949:
944:
936:
932:
928:
927:
923:
922:
918:
916:
914:
913:Whitefish Bay
910:
906:
901:
895:
890:
888:
884:
883:
874:
872:
870:
865:
860:
856:
850:
842:
838:
834:
833:
829:
828:
824:
822:
820:
815:
812:
811:Nishnaabemwin
806:
800:
795:
791:
790:Nishnaabemwin
785:
783:
779:
775:
771:
767:
763:
757:
749:
745:
741:
740:
736:
735:
731:
729:
727:
722:
719:
714:
710:
706:
705:Nishnaabemwin
700:
698:
694:
690:
686:
682:
678:
672:
664:
660:
656:
655:
651:
650:
646:
644:
638:
636:
633:
631:
627:
622:
619:
613:
607:
601:
595:
592:
587:
584:
579:
575:
571:
567:
563:
560:(also called
559:
554:
550:
548:
544:
540:
536:
532:
528:
524:
520:
516:
512:
508:
504:
500:
494:
486:
482:
478:
477:
473:
472:
468:
466:
464:
459:
455:
452:and northern
451:
447:
443:
439:
435:
434:Severn Ojibwe
430:
422:
418:
414:
413:
409:
408:
405:Severn Ojibwe
404:
402:
395:
393:
389:
385:
383:
379:
375:
371:
366:
362:
358:
354:
352:
347:
343:
339:
335:
331:
327:
323:
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
275:
271:
267:
263:
255:
251:
246:
239:
237:
235:
231:
227:
224:are found in
223:
219:
215:
214:lingua franca
211:
207:
203:
199:
194:
192:
188:
184:
180:
176:
172:
168:
164:
163:United States
161:, and in the
160:
156:
153:and parts of
152:
148:
144:
141:from western
140:
136:
133:in 'Eastern'
125:
115:
113:
109:
105:
104:Severn Ojibwe
101:
97:
93:
89:
85:
76:
72:
68:
66:
47:
35:
31:
29:
25:
3677:
3670:
3656:
3642:
3628:
3621:
3614:
3606:
3591:
3577:
3570:
3554:
3546:
3529:
3515:
3501:
3487:
3473:
3459:
3445:
3431:
3424:
3417:
3410:
3400:
3393:
3360:
3337:
3328:
3319:
3310:
3301:
3292:
3277:
3272:
3264:
3259:
3250:
3241:
3232:
3223:
3214:
3205:
3196:
3175:
3166:
3157:
3136:
3127:
3106:
3097:
3088:
3079:
3070:
3061:
3052:
3031:
3022:
3013:
3004:
2995:
2974:
2965:
2956:
2935:
2926:
2917:
2908:
2899:
2890:
2857:
2848:
2839:
2830:
2821:
2800:
2791:
2782:
2770:
2749:
2740:
2719:
2667:: Pikangikum
2664:
2639:
2629:
2607:
2574:
2566:
2560:
2550:
2525:
2507:
2499:
2493:
2482:
2474:
2466:
2458:
2452:
2441:
2436:: St. Croix
2433:
2427:
2419:
2414:: Bad River
2411:
2406:: Red Cliff
2403:
2379:
2370:: Manitoulin
2367:
2354:
2344:
2334:
2324:
2313:
2305:
2297:
2282:
2272:
2261:
2253:: Curve Lake
2250:
2240:
2232:
2218:
2211:
2162:
2156:
2141:
2135:
2125:
2119:
2112:
2102:
2097:Woods Ojibwa
2094:
2079:
2072:
2065:
2059:
2051:
2037:
2030:
2024:
2013:
1999:
1990:
1984:
1974:
1968:
1958:
1952:
1942:
1935:
1923:
1913:
1905:
1891:
1886:Southwestern
1880:
1871:
1859:
1841:
1831:
1826:Ottawa/Odawa
1825:
1817:
1810:
1804:
1789:
1782:
1761:
1756:Southwestern
1750:
1743:
1737:
1726:
1717:
1708:
1702:
1692:
1681:
1674:
1660:
1646:
1639:
1629:
1622:
1612:
1600:
1582:
1571:
1562:
1552:
1546:
1539:
1529:
1522:
1515:
1508:
1494:
1482:
1476:
1468:
1461:
1455:
1436:
1426:
1419:
1409:
1400:
1393:
1387:
1367:Linguasphere
1336:Lake Nipigon
1329:
1307:
1263:Berens River
1255:Lake Nipigon
1252:
1230:
1211:Berens River
1208:
1191:There is no
1160:Lake Nipigon
1153:
1136:There is no
1122:
1107:
1085:River Desert
1084:
1081:Kitigan Zibi
1064:
1062:
1045:There is no
1026:Gitigan Zibi
1025:
1023:
1020:
1003:and /Ä/ for
994:
989:NahkawÄmowin
964:Saskatchewan
955:
951:
947:
946:
924:
905:Lac La Croix
897:
880:
879:There is no
878:
875:Border Lakes
869:Double vowel
852:
830:
819:Double vowel
816:
793:
786:
762:Georgian Bay
759:
737:
726:Double vowel
723:
708:
701:
674:
652:
642:
634:
623:
596:
594:the vowel).
588:
565:
562:River Desert
561:
558:Kitigan Zibi
555:
551:
523:Lake Abitibi
515:Ottawa River
505:and eastern
498:
496:
474:
445:
441:
437:
433:
432:
410:
399:
390:
386:
367:
363:
359:
355:
346:Berens River
298:North Dakota
290:Saskatchewan
259:
204:. An Ojibwe
195:
179:North Dakota
155:Saskatchewan
116:
81:
62:
40:and ⟨
22:
2183:Ethnologue
2095:Lake of the
1616:Anissinapek
1572:Island Lake
1430:Potawatomi
1406:Anissinapek
1219:Poplar Hill
1097:Oka, Quebec
1077:Golden Lake
997:Americanist
715:. The term
689:Cape Croker
632:, Ontario.
630:Biscotasing
600:omĂ mĂŹwininĂŹ
591:orthography
578:Oka, Quebec
545:are within
487:(Algonquin)
262:Great Lakes
3756:Categories
3386:References
2632:: Cat Lake
2610:: Lac Seul
2347:: Bay City
1633:Algonquin
1578:62-ADA-dhb
1505:(Oji-Cree)
1490:62-ADA-dha
1416:Potawatomi
1413:Potawatomi
1397:Potawatomi
1382:Potawatomi
1362:Ethnologue
1312:entry and
1309:Ethnologue
1235:entry and
1232:Ethnologue
1215:Pikangikum
1193:Ethnologue
1180:Lake Helen
1138:Ethnologue
1047:Ethnologue
1030:Curve Lake
983:NahkawÄwin
929:entry and
926:Ethnologue
882:Ethnologue
835:entry and
832:Ethnologue
770:Curve Lake
742:entry and
739:Ethnologue
718:Daawaamwin
657:entry and
654:Ethnologue
618:AnishinĂ be
511:Algonquian
479:entry and
476:Ethnologue
415:entry and
412:Ethnologue
374:morphology
254:morphology
145:, through
3607:Algonquin
3510:0831-5671
3468:0316-1862
2066:62-ADA-df
2025:Saulteaux
2020:Saulteaux
2009:Saulteaux
1924:62-ADA-dg
1916:Wisconsin
1860:62-ADA-da
1818:62-ADA-dd
1727:62-ADA-de
1696:Miniwaki
1649:(various)
1626:Algonquin
1613:62-ADA-db
1604:Algonquin
1591:Algonquin
1563:Deer Lake
1483:62-ADA-dh
1410:62-ADA-dc
1375:Glottolog
1314:ISO 639-3
1271:Armstrong
1237:ISO 639-3
1197:ISO 639-3
1195:entry or
1176:Rocky Bay
1164:Pays Plat
1142:ISO 639-3
1140:entry or
1108:The term
1065:Nipissing
1051:ISO 639-3
1049:entry or
1040:Nipissing
948:Saulteaux
931:ISO 639-3
919:Saulteaux
887:ISO 639-3
885:entry or
859:Wisconsin
855:Minnesota
837:ISO 639-3
805:Jibwemwin
799:Jibwemwin
744:ISO 639-3
659:ISO 639-3
612:AnicinĂ be
499:Algonquin
481:ISO 639-3
469:Algonquin
417:ISO 639-3
370:phonology
342:Algonquin
274:Wisconsin
270:Minnesota
226:Menominee
220:. Ojibwe
175:Minnesota
171:Wisconsin
135:syllabics
130:áááŠáááŻá§áá
108:Algonquin
94:in which
2682:See also
2383:Chippewa
2337:: Sarnia
2163:bere1251
2142:alba1270
2126:lacs1238
2103:lake1257
2080:rain1239
2073:nort2961
2038:west1510
2031:nort3181
2000:turt1236
1991:redl1238
1975:minn1250
1959:cent2135
1943:uppe1274
1939:Chippewa
1936:chip1241
1918:Chippewa
1909:Chippewa
1892:brok1252
1881:cent2252
1877:(cont'd)
1872:nucl1723
1832:otta1242
1790:east2542
1762:cent2136
1751:cent2252
1744:nucl1723
1714:(cont'd)
1693:mini1254
1630:algo1255
1623:algo1255
1553:seve1241
1530:wini1244
1523:seve1240
1516:seve1242
1509:ojib1241
1427:pota1247
1420:ojib1240
1401:62-ADA-d
1371:Moseley
1291:Red Lake
1283:Lac Seul
1279:Cat Lake
1267:Manitoba
1168:Long Lac
1089:Maniwaki
960:Manitoba
903:include
665:(Ottawa)
626:Temagami
570:Maniwaki
566:Maniwaki
454:Manitoba
438:Oji-Cree
310:Oklahoma
286:Manitoba
278:Michigan
191:Oklahoma
169:through
167:Michigan
151:Manitoba
88:dialects
38:/ /
34:Help:IPA
1835:Ottawa
1404:Ojibwa+
1265:to the
1172:Aroland
1073:Ontario
968:Alberta
782:Syncope
766:Ontario
697:Syncope
685:Saugeen
519:Ontario
507:Ontario
450:Ontario
382:lexicon
302:Montana
294:Alberta
266:Ontario
250:lexical
183:Montana
147:Ontario
127:and as
26:in the
3684:
3663:
3649:
3635:
3598:
3584:
3562:
3539:
3522:
3508:
3494:
3480:
3466:
3452:
3438:
3284:
2301:Ottawa
2291:Ottawa
2243:: Rama
2215:Ojibwa
2205:Ojibwe
1814:Ottawa
1799:Ottawa
1758:Ojibwa
1712:Ojibwa
1512:Ojibwa
1500:Ojibwe
1465:Ojibwa
1445:Ojibwe
1316:code:
1289:, and
1239:code:
1178:, and
1093:Québec
966:, and
933:code:
839:code:
778:Ottawa
746:code:
661:code:
647:Ottawa
574:Québec
531:Kipawa
503:Quebec
483:code:
444:, and
419:code:
380:, and
378:syntax
340:, and
314:Kansas
282:Québec
276:, and
230:Michif
216:is at
187:Kansas
143:Québec
139:Canada
106:, and
100:Ottawa
42:
2711:Notes
1821:Odawa
1087:) at
986:, or
568:) at
264:, in
165:from
30:(IPA)
3682:ISBN
3661:ISBN
3647:ISBN
3633:ISBN
3596:ISBN
3582:ISBN
3560:ISBN
3537:ISBN
3520:ISBN
3506:ISSN
3492:ISBN
3478:ISBN
3464:ISSN
3450:ISBN
3436:ISBN
3282:ISBN
1330:The
1217:and
1063:The
1034:Rama
1032:and
1005:/tÊ/
857:and
808:and
774:Rama
687:and
497:The
458:Cree
312:and
228:and
189:and
181:and
173:and
82:The
2567:LLC
2551:ojb
2420:LCO
2380:ciw
2298:otw
2219:ojg
2212:oji
2052:ojb
2014:ojw
1906:ciw
1867:N/A
1855:N/A
1811:otw
1783:ojg
1718:ojc
1709:oji
1608:N/A
1601:alq
1596:N/A
1469:ojs
1462:oji
1394:pot
1318:OJC
1241:OJB
1071:in
1001:/Ê/
954:or
935:OJW
909:Emo
841:CIW
748:OJG
663:OTW
621:.
485:ALQ
440:or
421:OJS
272:,
3758::
3369:^
3346:^
3280:.
3184:^
3145:^
3115:^
3040:^
2983:^
2944:^
2866:^
2809:^
2758:^
2728:^
2665:Pi
2640:Os
2630:CL
2608:LS
2575:NI
2561:BL
2526:RL
2508:BF
2500:LL
2483:LL
2475:FL
2467:WE
2459:ML
2442:ML
2434:SC
2412:BR
2404:RC
2355:CV
2345:BC
2325:KP
2306:Ot
2283:CC
2273:CT
2262:CI
2251:CL
2233:Oj
1293:.
1285:,
1281:,
1277:,
1273:,
1174:,
1170:,
1166:,
1127:.
1091:,
1036:.
1013:.
980:,
962:,
907:,
764:,
572:,
465:.
376:,
372:,
336:,
332:,
328:,
324:,
320:,
308:,
304:,
300:,
296:,
288:,
268:,
236:.
149:,
114:.
102:,
3566:.
2494:N
2453:C
2428:S
2368:M
2335:S
2323:(
2314:W
2271:(
2260:(
2241:R
794:,
709:,
67:.
48:.
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