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evidence of their implication beyond mere knowledge of a possible terrorist plot. Despite the interrogation of some 1,008 witnesses and survivors, along with the extensive review of 300,000 documents from national authorities, including radical right-wing records from the 1970s, the federal prosecutor's office concluded in 2020 that "there were not sufficient indications for the involvement of other people either as accomplices, instigators or helpers", but that the hypothesis " be ruled out".
338:"I didn't want it! It's not my fault! Just kill me!". The man was never questioned. One week prior the attack, another woman saw a car with 5 persons near the entrance to the Oktoberfest, reportedly with a large concealed object wrapped on the back seat. The license plate of the vehicle led the investigators to Köhler's father. Although Köhler's parents were away that weekend, Köhler's mother convincingly told the police that her son was home at the time.
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was made of an emptied
British mortar grenade into which military explosives and a gas bottle taken from a fire extinguisher had been inserted. A computer-generated reconstruction of the crime scene just before the attack, created with the help of survivors' testimonies for a second investigation in
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The crime scene was rapidly cleaned up and the festival reopened less than twelve hours after the attack. The then mayor of Munich, Erich Kiesl, said: "Neither this State, nor this city or its citizens will be held to ransom by criminals. A closure would only support the condemnable intention of the
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Köhler was allegedly holding a small suitcase during the attack, which has been seen laying a few meters from the trashcan by some witness, but no trace of such an item was found by the police. A passerby mentioned that she saw two young men standing near Köhler's lifeless body, one of them yelling
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or another left-wing terrorist group would be blamed, thus increasing public support for right-wing parties in the election. One of the two friends told his lawyer that Köhler had shown him the grenade from which the bomb was made before the crime occurred, although investigators could not find
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In 1997, as the case was considered closed, the evidence collected by the "Theresienwiese
Special Commission" were destroyed, including the fragments of the bomb, as well as the remains of a hand that could not be linked to any of the victims and which was therefore considered to be a clue to a
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later accused himself of having been present during the attack just before taking his own life, and another member of the group boasted in a bar that he was there during the "Munich action". Two state secretaries of the
Federal Ministry of the Interior additionally stated that the attack "was
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At 10:19 p.m. on 26 September 1980, a bomb exploded in a rubbish bin near the main entrance to the
Oktoberfest, killing seven people instantly; five others died of their injuries and a further 213 survivors were registered as injured, many of whom lost limbs in the blast.
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The case was reopened in
December 2014 after years of a public campaign led by relatives, victim representatives, lawyers, journalists and politicians. In 2020, the investigation revised the initial conclusions regarding Köhler's motives. A senior investigator told
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Several elements have raised doubts among representatives of victims and some politicians regarding the conclusions of the 1980 investigations, particularly against the motive of the terrorist and the official theory of the
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militia
Wehrsportgruppe Hoffmann, and doubts remain as to whether he acted alone. A federal investigation concluded in 2020 that the participation of accomplices or backers in the bombing could not be proven beyond
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285:, had just failed an exam and was described as an emotionally tormented person with relationship problems. Close to radical right-wing circles, Köhler had trained twice with the
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possible second perpetrator. 48 cigarette butts found in
February 1981 in Köhler's car were also destroyed before DNA analysis could have linked them to any suspect.
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365:. He strived for a dictatorial state in the image of national socialism." The federal election occurred only 9 days after the bombing and saw the reelection of
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439:'s investigations throughout the 1980s regarding the Oktoberfest bombing and possible political cover-ups of a radical right-wing network behind it.
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Right-Wing
Terrorism in the 21st Century: The 'National Socialist Underground' and the History of Terror from the Far-Right in Germany
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orchestrated by right-wing extremist circles". However, the suspects could not be proven to have participated in the crime.
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the 2010s, shows Köhler alone with a heavy plastic bag, leaning over a metal dustbin seconds before the explosion.
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attack. On 26 September 1980, 13 people were killed (including the perpetrator) and more than 200 injured by the
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was found hanging over his bed after the attack. However, during the initial
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that "the perpetrator acted out of a right-wing extremist motive ... Gundolf Köhler wanted to influence the
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at the time. The
Federal Public Prosecutor General terminated its investigation in November 1982.
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Friedmann, Jan; Neumann, Conny; Röbel, Sven; Winter, Steffen (14 September 2010).
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includes the event in a list of terrorist actions in the song "Terrorist's Life".
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Schmalz, Peter (1 October 1980). "Wir dürfen vor der Gewalt nicht kapitulieren".
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Excluding the perpetrators, the attack was one of the deadliest in Germany since
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parkas around half an hour before the explosion; the two men were never found.
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Oktoberfest – Das Attentat wie die Verdrängung des Rechtsterrors begann
614:"Ermittlungen zum Oktoberfestattentat 1980 werden offenbar eingestellt"
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787:"German prosecutors re-open probe into deadly 1980 Okoberfest attack"
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Commemorations 25 years after the Oktoberfest bombing. Munich, 2005.
684:"1980 Oktoberfest Bombing: Did Neo-Nazi Murderer Really Act Alone?"
19:
This article is about the 1980 bombing. For the 1972 massacre, see
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Prior to the bombing, Köhler had been involved with the banned
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perpetrator. For this reason we must say: life must go on."
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in the lead and concerning a dramatized event of journalist
424:("The blind spot") was released to German cinemas, starring
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Police officers on the crime scene just after the bombing
477:"Germany: 1980 Oktoberfest bombing a 'far-right attack'"
16:
1980 neo-Nazi terrorist attack in Munich, West Germany
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Political Violence and Terror: Motifs and Motivations
517:"Oktoberfest-Attentat in München: Ermittlungen enden"
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752:. University of California Press. p. 243.
939:Kidnapping and murder of Hanns-Martin Schleyer
1306:Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine
1177:Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine
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579:"Germany Reopens Case of Oktoberfest Bombing"
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1507:Terrorist incidents in Germany in 1980
1006:National Socialist Underground murders
640:. Ch. Links Verlag. pp. 14, 167.
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956:Bombing of French consulate in Berlin
710:Ramelsberger, Annette (17 May 2010).
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515:Ramelsberger, Annette (7 July 2020).
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263:The investigation revealed that the
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151:Other unknown accomplices (alleged)
1053:Borussia Dortmund team bus bombing
809:Crime Fiction in German: Der Krimi
577:Smale, Alison (11 December 2014).
181:(IED) at the main entrance of the
23:. For the 2016 mass shooting, see
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986:Mykonos restaurant assassinations
281:The perpetrator, geology student
1497:September 1980 events in Europe
1028:2011 Frankfurt airport shooting
712:"Die Asservatenkammer ist leer"
244:is an outdoor beer festival in
1502:Terrorist incidents in Bavaria
1265:National Socialist Underground
1189:National Socialist Underground
966:1985 Frankfurt airport bombing
951:1982 Berlin restaurant bombing
847:(Bavarian historical lexicon).
131:13 (including the perpetrator)
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1016:Murder of Michèle Kiesewetter
812:. University of Wales Press.
1294:Black September Organization
1091:Black September Organization
1058:Bottrop and Essen car attack
844:Historisches Lexikon Bayerns
445:What Good Is Grief to a God?
32:Oktoberfest (disambiguation)
1477:Neo-Nazi attacks in Germany
1447:Cold War history of Germany
971:Rhein-Main Air Base bombing
265:improvised explosive device
179:improvised explosive device
59:Monument at the site (2008)
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1038:2016 Würzburg train attack
1001:1993 Solingen arson attack
996:Weiterstadt prison bombing
976:Berlin discotheque bombing
961:1984 Duisburg arson attack
411:In 2013, the feature film
380:bomb attack for which the
313:Possibility of accomplices
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1048:2017 Hamburg knife attack
393:In 2009, German novelist
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1300:Mukhabarat el-Jamahiriya
1063:Halle synagogue shooting
908:2016 Berlin truck attack
806:Hall, Katharina (2016).
748:Merkl, Peter H. (2021).
636:Chaussy, Ulrich (2016).
539:Koehler, Daniel (2016).
343:Wehrsportgruppe Hoffmann
287:Wehrsportgruppe Hoffmann
218:2016 Berlin truck attack
90:Oktoberfest participants
1437:1980 murders in Germany
1324:Counter-terrorism units
991:1992 Mölln arson attack
1403:48.13592°N 11.549736°E
1370:Kommando Spezialkräfte
1282:Abu Nidal Organization
1011:Murder of Enver Şimşek
929:1970 Munich bus attack
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293:militia; a picture of
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1492:September 1980 events
1033:2016 Hanover stabbing
891:(more than 10 deaths)
408:("The Munich plot").
363:1980 federal election
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220:, and along with the
1467:Massacres in Germany
1427:1980 in West Germany
1331:Federal Police units
1043:2016 Ansbach bombing
1023:2004 Cologne bombing
944:Lufthansa Flight 181
882:Terrorism in Germany
785:(11 December 2014).
406:Das München-Komplott
222:1972 Munich massacre
167:Oktoberfest-Attentat
47:Terrorism in Germany
30:For other uses, see
25:2016 Munich shooting
1462:Mass murder in 1980
1408:48.13592; 11.549736
1399: /
1160:Revolutionary Cells
1084:In terrorist groups
1068:2018 Cologne attack
903:Oktoberfest bombing
475:AFP (8 July 2020).
358:Süddeutsche Zeitung
303:Federal Prosecution
159:Oktoberfest bombing
40:Oktoberfest bombing
1347:State Police units
1138:Brigitte Mohnhaupt
1077:Notable terrorists
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389:In popular culture
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759:978-0-520-32803-7
647:978-3-86284-332-9
552:978-1-317-30105-9
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191:West Germany
185:festival in
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73:West Germany
1487:1980 crimes
1482:Oktoberfest
1406: /
1204:Uwe Mundlos
839:(in German)
717:Süddeutsche
689:Der Spiegel
522:Süddeutsche
433: [
417: [
398: [
369:Chancellor
242:Oktoberfest
183:Oktoberfest
144:Perpetrator
105:mass murder
96:Attack type
1421:Categories
1394:11°32′59″E
1391:48°08′09″N
656:1010498327
456:References
378:false flag
324:Bundeswehr
216:after the
1302:(defunct)
1296:(defunct)
1290:(defunct)
1284:(defunct)
1267:(defunct)
1261:(defunct)
1232:Anis Amri
1096:Abu Daoud
593:0362-4331
175:explosion
171:terrorist
122:Pipe bomb
112:terrorism
734:Die Welt
619:Die Zeit
291:neo-Nazi
202:neo-Nazi
109:neo-Nazi
65:Location
45:Part of
136:Injured
118:Weapons
101:Bombing
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246:Munich
228:Attack
187:Munich
177:of an
163:German
128:Deaths
87:Target
69:Munich
1338:GSG 9
437:]
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814:ISBN
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652:OCLC
642:ISBN
589:ISSN
547:ISBN
450:D.I.
289:, a
240:The
157:The
79:Date
1354:SEK
783:dpa
779:AFP
610:dpa
448:by
299:LKA
139:213
1423::
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