1369:
366:. The aims were threefold: to wed as many couples as possible, to make a match between Father Christmas and Mrs Bond, and to avoid being left with Mistress Mary, the penalty for which was to give every other player 2 counters. The player who weds Father Christmas with Mrs Bond sweeps the pool and those making matches during the game receive "wedding presents" of 1 counter from each other player.
1389:
1136:
1379:
1035:
499:", and is often played with special cards, typically 31 or 37, in which the odd one out is typically a chimney sweep or a black cat. The game can also be played with a standard 32-card pack from which a black jack is removed. The loser often gets a smudge on his or her face with a piece of soot or piece of burnt cork.
398:
starts with the player to the dealer's left offering a fan of face-down cards to the next player on the left. That player selects a card and discards it by pairing or adds it to the hand. Play continues clockwise in this manner, players dropping out when they have no hand cards left. The player left
460:
Q) is the loser and receives a number of raps on the knuckles with the edge of the pack. The number of raps is decided by reshuffling the pack and getting the loser to draw a card. He or she get the number of raps based on the face value of the card or, if it is a jack or king, 10 raps; if it is a
274:
are placed face up in the middle of the table. If she is unable to discard a pair, she must draw a card from the player to her left who, for this purpose lays down her cards face down on the table. If the card drawn by the player whose turn it is pairs with one in her hand, she discards the pair,
224:
Apart from reprints of Leslie, the game largely disappeared from the literature during the mid-19th century but experienced something of a revival in the 1880s.. This was boosted in
England when proprietary cards emerged with nursery rhyme figures in 1883 under the name
275:
otherwise she keeps it and misses the opportunity to discard a pair. The turn then passes clockwise and players have the same options. The first player to shed all her cards, wins the game. The rest continue to see who will be left with the Old Maid.
374:
There are commercial card packs specifically designed for playing Old Maid, but the game can just as easily be played with a standard 52-card pack. The following rules are based on Arnold (2011), supplemented by other sources where indicated:
290:"Merry Matches", a proprietary card game by Wyman & Sons of London, appeared in 1883. It was originally published as a black-and-white game, but a coloured version appeared in 1884. There were 31 cards, the pairs "to be wed" including:
49:
221:", or "Black Peter" depending on the game. The term "old maid" predates the game and referred to a childless or unmarried woman. In its day it was seen as the equivalent of "old bachelor".
968:
456:
Scabby queen is a modern variation of Old Maid played with a standard pack of cards from which the queen of clubs has been removed. The player left with the "scabby queen" (
1076:
1392:
844:
461:
queen, 21 raps. If the loser draws a red card, he or she receives soft raps; if a black card, hard raps. Scabby Queen is recorded in 2002 as a game played in
447:
Players take a new card before giving one up. This can result in a player being stuck in "old maid purgatory", i.e. with one card and no way to get rid of it.
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331:
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903:
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typically being the odd card and the player who is last in and left holding a single queen or jack becoming the "old maid", "
1382:
156:
for two or more players, probably deriving from an ancient
European gambling game in which the loser pays for the drinks.
887:
386:
out singly; it being irrelevant if some players have an extra card. Players discard any pairs dealt at the outset. If a
359:
339:
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231:
35:
1115:
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132:
793:
378:
A standard pack is used (or two if more than six play) from which a single queen is removed. The cards are
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899:
355:
869:
756:
Dawson (1923), p. 234. "The Queen of Hearts is taken out of a full pack of cards, which is then dealt..."
422:
A card is removed from the pack at random. The resulting, unknown, unmatchable card becomes the Old Maid.
495:
The equivalent game in many
European countries is known (in each country's own language) as "Peter" or "
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in which the aim was to determine a loser who had to pay for the next round of drinks (c.f.
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845:"Papaz kaçtı nasıl oynanır, oyunun kuralları nelerdir? Papaz kimde kaç kağıtla oynanır?"
1283:
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1238:
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for deal, the one cutting the highest card dealing first. Aces are high. The cards are
477:. It some parts of Britain it is called Chase the Ace, but that is also the name of a
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185:
184:, first appear in 1853. All these games are probably ancient and derived from simple
180:, whose rules are recorded as early as 1821. Meanwhile the rules of the French game,
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62:
176:(when played by boys). However, it may well be older and derived the German game of
17:
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1198:
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246:
Old Maid is a girls' game and any number may play. Three queens are removed from a
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31:
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1333:
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30:
This article is about the
American game. For the German game of "Old Maid", see
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168:, who published them in America in 1831 and England in 1835 under the names
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was a "newly invented game", despite its obvious derivation from Old Maid.
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379:
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997:
Card Night: Classic Games, Classic Decks, and the
History Behind Them
526:
250:, leaving the fourth queen representing the "Old Maid". Players may
278:
If the game is played by boys, it is called Old
Bachelor and three
806:
164:
The rules of the game are first recorded in a book for girls by
1058:
523:
J as the odd card. The player left holding it is the "jackass".
258:
equally all round and face down. The player to the left of the
243:
The following is a summary of the rules by Leslie (1831):
444:
Players discard only after the dealer has taken a card.
947:
Nouveau Manuel
Complet des Jeux de Calcul et de Hasard
399:
holding the single queen is the 'old maid' and loses.
586:
For example in
England in 1882 and in America in 1884
419:
is added to the pack. This card acts as the Old Maid.
874:
London, Paris and New York: Cassell, Petter, Galpin.
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1169:
1143:
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195:These games originally employed a pack of 32 or 52
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110:
102:
94:
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78:
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425:The suit colours of a discarded pair must match:
961:Boston: Munroe & Francis; NY: C.S. Francis.
905:The Young Folk's Cyclopædia of Games and Sports
390:is held, two are discarded and one kept; if a
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530:
8:
644:
642:
640:
216:
41:
992:Oxford / New York: Oxford University Press.
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1063:
1055:
408:A specific card is removed, typically any
47:
982:. New York and London: Harper & Bros.
811:at h2g2.com. Retrieved 29 September 2023.
648:Leslie (1831). pp. 138–140 & 144–146
786:"5 British Card Games You Should Learn"
774:Champlin & Bostwick (1890), p. 510.
599:
579:
282:are discarded instead of three queens.
999:Black Dog & Leventhal Publishers.
973:London, Dublin, Glasgow, Sydney: Tegg.
871:Cassell's Book of Sports and Pastimes.
722:
720:
703:Cassell's Book of Sports and Pastimes.
611:
609:
607:
605:
603:
465:, Scotland, but also known as Raps in
40:
7:
1378:
825:at pagat.com. Retrieved 18 Jun 2020.
634:at wopc.co.uk. Retrieved 8 May 2023.
535:("Priest eloped"). As Old Maid, but
1393:WikiProject Board & Table Games
1388:
945:Lasserre, Lebrun and Leroy (1853).
266:of cards held in her hand e.g. two
1424:Card games introduced in the 1880s
976:Mulac, Margaret Elizabeth (1946).
865:. LĂĽneburg: Herold & Wahlstab.
394:is held, two pairs are discarded.
25:
880:The Bazaar, The Exchange and Mart
620:by USPC Co. Retrieved 22 Apr 2019
1387:
1377:
1368:
1367:
1134:
1033:
990:Oxford Dictionary of Card Games.
516:
434:
970:The Girl's Book of Diversions.
520:
457:
438:
426:
1:
1373:Children's card game category
1046:Rules of Card Games: Old Maid
933:. Markham, Ontario: Pembroke.
877:_ (1883). "Merry Matches" in
675:Lasserre (1853), pp. 307–308.
469:, Raps or Chase the Bitch in
430:
332:The Man all tattered and torn
883:, 26 September 1883, p. 336.
863:Das neue Königliche l'Hombre
1383:Children's games at Commons
1014:Card Games Around the World
931:Reading, Writing, and Rummy
892:, Vol. 22. 25 October 1884.
657:Leslie (1835), pp. 141–143.
152:is a 19th-century American
1455:
936:Green, Charles M. (1884).
747:Arnold (2011), p. 216–217.
488:
262:begins by throwing down a
172:(when played by girls) or
29:
1439:Dedicated deck card games
1363:
1132:
958:The American Girl's Book.
519:J is removed leaving the
360:Tom, Tom, the Piper's Son
248:standard pack of 52 cards
232:Bazaar, Exchange and Mart
142:
131:
46:
36:Old maid (disambiguation)
808:Scabby Queen - Card Game
1434:Card games for children
929:Golick, Margie (1986).
491:Black Peter (card game)
412:, e.g. Queen of Hearts.
1016:. Dover Publications.
900:Arthur Elmore Bostwick
896:Champlin, John Denison
539:is removed instead of
531:
356:Little Red Riding Hood
336:The Maiden all forlorn
217:
106:Typically 31, 51 or 53
34:. For other uses, see
909:New York: Henry Holt.
889:The Furniture Gazette
834:Golick (1986), p. 92.
765:Mulac (1946), p. 140.
736:The Furniture Gazette
714:Green (1884), p. 336.
631:The Game of 'Old Maid
617:Children's Card Games
473:, and Executioner in
239:Earliest rules (1831)
1042:at Wikimedia Commons
912:Dawson, L. (1923) .
847:. 22 September 2021.
229:which, according to
90:Matching and pairing
18:Old Maid (card game)
1184:Beggar-my-neighbour
995:Roya, Will (2021).
796:on 25 October 2020.
693:Roya (2021), p. 31.
370:Modern rules (2011)
362:. The odd card was
270:or two threes. The
43:
1419:Card passing games
1414:English card games
1111:Bohemian Schneider
942:. W. Greens's Son.
915:Hoyle's Card Games
784:McAlpine, Fraser.
684:Parlett (1992/96).
352:Old Mother Hubbard
300:Little Jack Horner
1401:
1400:
1343:Proprietary games
1144:Four-player games
1038:Media related to
939:The Friend of All
726:_ (1883), p. 336.
666:_ (1821), p. 298.
503:Regional variants
330:and Dame Darden,
322:, the Prince and
147:
146:
53:19th-century pack
16:(Redirected from
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348:Father William
320:Little Bo Peep
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979:The Game Book
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965:Leslie, Eliza
963:
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953:Leslie, Eliza
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127:Related games
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63:United States
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1329:Vieux Garçon
1273:
1209:Crazy Eights
1116:Russian bank
1013:
1010:Sackson, Sid
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794:the original
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340:Simple Simon
292:Tommy Tucker
289:
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226:
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218:vieux garçon
197:French cards
194:
182:Vieux Garçon
174:Old Bachelor
173:
169:
166:Eliza Leslie
163:
149:
148:
143:Easy to play
137:Vieux Garçon
32:Alte Jungfer
1334:Voller Hund
1294:Schweinchen
1284:SchlafmĂĽtze
1269:Ninety-nine
1264:Musta Maija
1194:Black Peter
1179:Banka bäver
1171:Round games
1085:Children's
919:Routledge.
790:BBC America
532:Papaz kaçtı
497:Black Peter
485:Black Peter
344:Lucy Locket
304:Miss Muffet
178:Black Peter
133:Black Peter
1408:Categories
1254:James Bond
1234:Hahndreier
1189:Bettelmann
1087:card games
988:(1992/96)
886:_ (1884).
868:_ (1882).
861:_ (1821).
856:Literature
594:References
467:Derbyshire
463:Perthshire
410:Queen card
403:Variations
328:Dr Faustus
324:Cinderella
1299:Schwimmen
1050:Pagat.com
574:Footnotes
475:Hampshire
154:card game
114:Clockwise
95:Age range
27:Card game
1304:Slapjack
1274:Old maid
1012:(1994).
967:(1835).
955:(1831).
902:(1890).
552:See also
509:Trinidad
380:shuffled
272:discards
205:diamonds
170:Old Maid
150:Old Maid
42:Old Maid
1259:Mau-Mau
1244:Hundert
1229:Go Fish
513:Jackass
392:quartet
388:triplet
160:History
79:Players
1324:Spoons
1219:Donkey
1214:Domino
1106:Birkie
1020:
1003:
923:
568:Hearts
558:Donkey
527:Turkey
515:. The
280:knaves
260:dealer
213:spades
199:, the
119:Chance
87:Skills
59:Origin
1319:Speed
1224:Enflé
1199:Cheat
545:knave
541:queen
437:with
429:with
417:joker
384:dealt
268:kings
256:dealt
201:queen
103:Cards
1309:Snap
1126:Spit
1018:ISBN
1001:ISBN
921:ISBN
898:and
537:king
396:Play
358:and
350:and
342:and
334:and
318:and
302:and
294:and
264:pair
209:jack
192:).
122:High
111:Play
98:4-10
82:2-12
69:Type
1350:Uno
1279:Pig
1101:War
1048:on
543:or
252:cut
211:of
207:or
203:of
1410::
788:.
719:^
639:^
602:^
529::
511::
481:.
433:;
415:A
354:,
346:,
338:,
326:,
314:,
306:,
298:,
135:,
1078:e
1071:t
1064:v
917:.
907:.
547:.
521:♥
517:♦
458:â™
441:.
439:♥
435:♦
431:♣
427:â™
38:.
20:)
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