31:
463:
189:
454:
of the Arvals. Their rudimentary technique suggests the great antiquity of the religious traditions associated with them. After conducting their rites, the Arval priests opened the door to the temple, and cast the
351:
shifted function to hold cremated remains for entombment, a practice of
Etruscan as well as Italic burials. The remains of those of modest means might be contained in earthenware
271:
had a flat bottom for resting on a hot surface, though it might also be placed directly on logs or coals in rustic cookery. The kitchen reconstructed at the
623:(Oxford: Clarendon Press 1982, 1985 printing), p. 1246; David Noy, "'Half-Burnt on an Emergency Pyre': Roman Cremations Which Went Wrong",
498:, or both. The mallet is not a regular attribute of Silvanus, and may be borrowed from the Celtic mallet god sometimes identified with
414:
392:
378:
202:
is a generic word for a cooking pot, such as would be used for vegetables, porridge, pulse and such. The 1st-century BC scholar
877:
419:
that manifested divine displeasure: the official presiding over the sacrifice himself poured the cooking liquid out of the
587:
570:
548:
582:
296:
142:
153:
619:
54:
423:
in order to inspect the remaining entrails, which were intact except for the mysteriously liquified liver.
222:
the derivation may be incorrect, it indicates that cookery was considered essential to the pot's function.
114:
516:
395:'s liver, gall, lungs, and the membrane covering the intestines, with the heart added after 275 BC. The
134:
118:
30:
125:
is a vessel distinguished by its rounded "belly", typically with no or small handles or at times with
841:
483:
466:
39:
272:
244:
with the sides flattened out more broadly. It was a word of ordinary usage, and does not appear in
169:
195:
of varying shapes in a reconstruction of a Roman kitchen; top shelf, and on the rack over the fire
553:
491:
387:
and boiled, or in oldest times on a spit and roasted, as part of the "cuisine" of sacrifice. The
223:
332:
324:
146:
102:
450:
and cooked. Examples of these earthenware pots have been uncovered by archaeologists in the
372:
245:
592:
558:
165:
462:
487:
435:
336:
305:
80:
871:
578:
340:
161:
604:
W.J. Gill and
Rosalyn Gee, "Museum Supplement: Classical Antiquities in Swansea",
677:
360:
316:
219:
106:
188:
404:
320:
308:
17:
776:(University of Chicago Press, 1992, from the French edition of 1981), p. 79.
439:
344:
46:; the shape of the fragment suggests that the pot itself might have been an
347:
was the most characteristic means of disposing of a body among the Romans.
499:
177:
43:
695:
276:
110:
399:
was one of the characteristic implements of sacrifice, and appears in
400:
284:
253:
249:
236:
126:
461:
451:
206:
gives an "absurd" etymology that derives the word for vegetables,
203:
187:
129:
at the lip, and made within a Roman sphere of influence; the term
64:
319:, sometimes with a ladle or dipper. A tomb from a 7th-century BC
180:, by the mallet god often identified with him, or by other gods.
811:
511:
408:
257:
138:
98:
724:(«L'Erma» di Bretschneider, 2002), pp. 67–68, 89, 95, 148, 173.
97:
would be used primarily to cook or store food, hence the word "
722:
The
Cultural Development in Northwestern Lucania c. 600–274 BC
789:(Routledge, 2001, originally published in French 1998), p. 9.
571:
84:
446:
of the victims used in their sacrifices were placed in an
304:
were used for funerary purposes from earliest times. In
160:(plural) have ritual use and significance, including as
267:
or cauldron, which hung over the fire from chains, the
859:
The Cult of
Silvanus: A Study in Roman Folk Religion
442:of priests dating from Rome's archaic period. The
438:, the "Brothers of the Fields" who constituted a
315:might be placed with the body in the tomb as
8:
846:The Religious Experience of the Roman People
407:. The vessel is mentioned, for instance, in
737:(Amsterdam University Press, 2009), p. 414.
539:(Cambridge University Press, 1975), p. 176.
832:Schilling, "The Arval Brethren," p. 113.
29:
750:(Arsenale-EBS, 2001), pp. 162–163, 197.
551:. Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short.
528:
375:, a designated portion of the entrails
735:The Latin Dialect of the Ager Faliscus
335:inscription. From the 3rd century BC (
331:decorated with a pair of horses and a
93:) is a squat, rounded pot or jar. An
772:Robert Schilling, "Roman Sacrifice,"
494:with representations of a mallet, an
218:; although as a matter of scientific
7:
823:Schilling, "Roman Sacrifice," p. 79.
486:appears in inscriptions within the
25:
802:(Brill, 1990), vol. II.1, p. 527.
608:116 (1996), p. 258 and plate III.
537:Farm Equipment of the Roman World
459:down the slope leading up to it.
339:) into the 2nd century AD of the
234:, "it boils up," and describes a
38:appears in the right hand of the
800:Imperial Cult in the Latin West
774:Roman and European Mythologies
434:figured in the rituals of the
105:for either a cooking pot or a
1:
748:The Etruscans Outside Etruria
482:The name of the woodland god
403:as such, particularly in the
371:After the performance of an
355:placed on the shelves of an
176:is the small pot carried by
606:Journal of Hellenic Studies
478:Silvanus and the Mallet God
894:
746:Giovannangelo Camporeale,
572:
294:
85:
861:(Brill, 1992), pp. 57–59.
848:, (London, 1922), p. 489.
297:Roman funerals and burial
27:Squat, rounded pot or jar
787:The Gods of Ancient Rome
383:was placed either in an
101:" is still used in some
733:Gabriel C.L.M. Bakkum,
620:Oxford Latin Dictionary
588:A Greek–English Lexicon
474:
196:
154:ancient Roman religion
50:
878:Ancient Roman pottery
579:Liddell, Henry George
517:Ancient Roman pottery
465:
411:'s account of a sign
191:
133:may also be used for
119:ancient Roman pottery
55:ancient Roman culture
33:
842:William Warde Fowler
720:Helle W. Horsnaes,
273:House of the Vettii
226:said that the word
627:47 (2000), p. 186.
554:A Latin Dictionary
492:Gallia Narbonensis
475:
473:, perhaps Sucellus
224:Isidore of Seville
197:
164:. In the study of
51:
857:Peter F. Dorcey,
798:Duncan Fishwick,
694:, p. 178, citing
625:Greece & Rome
617:Entry on "olla",
325:Civita Castellana
103:Romance languages
16:(Redirected from
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862:
855:
849:
839:
833:
830:
824:
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764:
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712:
705:
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688:
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673:
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664:De lingua latina
660:
654:
647:
641:
634:
628:
615:
609:
602:
596:
575:
574:
568:
562:
546:
540:
533:
469:mallet god with
405:Gallic provinces
373:animal sacrifice
109:in the sense of
88:
87:
21:
893:
892:
888:
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882:
868:
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785:Robert Turcan,
784:
780:
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758:
754:
745:
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732:
728:
719:
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706:
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689:
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661:
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648:
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631:
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612:
603:
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593:Perseus Project
569:
565:
559:Perseus Project
547:
543:
534:
530:
525:
508:
480:
429:
369:
367:Sacrificial use
299:
293:
186:
166:Gallo-Roman art
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
891:
889:
881:
880:
870:
869:
864:
863:
850:
834:
825:
816:
804:
791:
778:
765:
761:Farm Equipment
752:
739:
726:
713:
709:Farm Equipment
700:
692:Farm Equipment
683:
668:
655:
651:Farm Equipment
642:
638:Farm Equipment
629:
610:
597:
563:
541:
527:
526:
524:
521:
520:
519:
514:
507:
504:
479:
476:
436:Arval Brethren
428:
427:Arval Brethren
425:
368:
365:
292:
289:
287:on the stove.
279:shows a large
246:literary works
185:
182:
26:
24:
18:Olla (pottery)
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
890:
879:
876:
875:
873:
860:
854:
851:
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749:
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607:
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589:
584:
583:Scott, Robert
580:
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538:
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529:
522:
518:
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509:
505:
503:
501:
497:
493:
489:
485:
477:
472:
468:
464:
460:
458:
453:
452:sacred groves
449:
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437:
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426:
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239:
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233:
230:derived from
229:
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217:
213:
209:
205:
201:
194:
190:
183:
181:
179:
175:
171:
167:
163:
162:cinerary urns
159:
155:
150:
148:
144:
143:Greek pottery
141:examples, or
140:
136:
132:
128:
124:
120:
116:
112:
108:
104:
100:
96:
92:
82:
78:
77:
72:
71:
66:
62:
61:
56:
49:
45:
41:
37:
32:
19:
858:
853:
845:
837:
828:
819:
807:
799:
794:
786:
781:
773:
768:
760:
755:
747:
742:
734:
729:
721:
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691:
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650:
645:
637:
632:
624:
618:
613:
605:
600:
586:
566:
552:
544:
536:
535:K.D. White,
531:
495:
481:
470:
456:
447:
443:
431:
430:
420:
412:
396:
388:
384:
376:
370:
356:
352:
348:
341:Imperial era
337:Mid-Republic
328:
312:
301:
300:
291:Funerary use
280:
268:
264:
262:
241:
235:
231:
227:
215:
211:
207:
199:
198:
192:
173:
157:
151:
145:found in an
130:
122:
94:
90:
75:
74:
69:
68:
59:
58:
52:
47:
35:
678:Etymologiae
361:columbarium
327:yielded an
317:grave goods
309:inhumations
263:Unlike the
220:linguistics
42:mallet god
40:Gallo-Roman
523:References
321:necropolis
295:See also:
763:, p. 179.
711:, p. 179.
675:Isidore,
653:, p. 178.
640:, p. 176.
415:prodigium
391:were the
345:cremation
283:set on a
149:setting.
113:. In the
63:(archaic
872:Category
814:, 41.15.
506:See also
500:Sucellus
488:province
484:Silvanus
357:ollarium
333:Faliscan
178:Sucellus
135:Etruscan
115:typology
44:Sucellus
759:White,
707:White,
696:Martial
690:White,
681:20.8.1.
662:Varro,
649:White,
636:White,
591:at the
440:college
401:reliefs
277:Pompeii
232:ebullit
214:, from
184:Cookery
170:culture
147:Italian
127:volutes
111:cuisine
666:5.108.
467:Gallic
393:victim
306:Italic
285:tripod
256:, and
254:Horace
250:Vergil
240:as an
237:patera
212:holera
139:Gallic
121:, the
91:chytra
57:, the
573:χύτρα
457:ollae
432:Ollae
353:ollae
349:Ollae
313:ollae
302:Ollae
275:from
265:aenum
208:olera
204:Varro
193:Ollae
172:, an
158:ollae
86:χύτρα
81:Greek
76:aulla
65:Latin
812:Livy
549:olla
512:Olla
496:olla
471:olla
448:olla
444:exta
421:olla
409:Livy
397:olla
389:exta
385:olla
379:exta
329:olla
281:olla
269:olla
258:Ovid
242:olla
228:olla
216:olla
200:Olla
174:olla
168:and
137:and
131:olla
123:olla
107:dish
99:olla
95:olla
70:aula
60:olla
48:olla
36:olla
557:on
490:of
359:or
323:at
248:by
210:or
152:In
117:of
73:or
53:In
34:An
874::
844:,
585:;
581:;
577:.
502:.
363:.
343:,
311:,
260:.
252:,
156:,
89:,
83::
79:;
67::
698:.
595:.
561:.
417:)
413:(
381:)
377:(
20:)
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