1797:, identified Azekah with Tell el-Beida. Azekah is six kilometers from Eleutheropolis, and Tell Livnin is eight kilometers from there. Epiphanius adapted the new name to the identification by means of an etymological exegesis that has no linguistic basis. At any rate, no settlement existed on Tell Azekah in the Roman-Byzantine period. The early site moved from the high hill to the fields in the plain at the foot of the tell. It may possibly have moved as far as Kh. el-Beida, although this is difficult to accept."
989:
that
Aemilian, who "caused a revolt in Moesia," was never officially confirmed by the Senate in Rome. Epiphanius' method of recording the regnal years from Augustus to Hadrian, with his pinpoint recollection of the number of months and days to each reign, can be said to be accurate, based on
180:, and so forth, until the entire 22 canonical books of the Hebrew Bible (today there are 24) had all been translated into the Greek tongue. The seventy-two translators were drawn from the twelve tribes of Israel, six men to each tribe who were skilled in the Greek language.
59:
version is the only complete copy that has survived. Partial translations in
Armenian and Georgian are also known to exist. Its modern title belies its content, as the work also contains important historical anecdotes about people and places not written about elsewhere.
168:. Epiphanius expands his description of the translation of the seventy-two translators (known as the Septuagint) and how they were assigned thirty-six cells, two to each cell, on the Pharian island. Two translators translated the
90:
in 1880, who reconstructed the original Syriac text by exchanging it with Hebrew characters, and who had earlier published excerpts from several of the Greek fragments treating on weights and measures in his
979:
succeeded him. This may have been because they did not consider his 9-week reign, which he obtained through usurpation, to be legitimate. Similarly, Epiphanius does not mention the ascension of
2090:
1781:), is the translation of Azekah. About five kilometers to the southeast of Tell Zechariah is a high hill called Tell el-Beida, meaning in Arabic 'white'. In current maps, the site is named
83:, in "nine-hundred and sixty-" (with the last digit effaced, meaning, that it was written between the years 649 AD–659 AD). The younger manuscript is designated "Or. Add. 14620".
1777:(Brill: Leiden 2005, p. 19, note 47), have noted: "According to his (Epiphanius') formulation, it would seem that he was of the opinion that Hiwarta, which means 'white' (
1472:
Veteris
Testamenti ab Origene recensiti fragmenta apud Syros servata quinque. Praemittitur Epiphanii de mensuris et ponderibus liber nunc primum integer et ipse syriacus
1147:
380). Epiphanius dates
Augustus accession to February 43 BC, which is greatly inaccurate. This is probably a misreading of "57 years, 6 months" or "56 years, 4 months".
963:
The regnal years of the
Caesars as stated by Epiphanius differ slightly in some places from the extant Greek sources. With respect to events in Rome after the reign of
187:
and translations made of the same. In his day, he notes that the Scroll of Ruth and the Book of Judges were joined together, and considered as one book. So, too, the
2041:
2016:
352:
335:
2120:
2085:
2080:
1789:), and it is to this that Eusebius (who also wrote about Azekah) most probably referred. 'Azekah' is not 'white', either in Hebrew or in Aramaic.
1793:
in Hebrew means to remove stones, and then the soil appears a bit paler. It therefore appears that
Epiphanius, who was born in Beit Zedek, near
2105:
1707:
1634:
1010:(Lives of the Caesars), which gives 14 years for Claudius and 15 years for Nero, the same time frame would span a period of some 58 years.
2125:
2140:
2075:
369:
41:
37:
1892:
2040:
Renan Baker, "Epiphanius, 'On
Weights and Measures' §14: Hadrian's Journey to the East and the Rebuilding of Jerusalem", pub. in:
395:), among others. Epiphanius, explaining the sense of certain obscure passages in the original Aramaic New Testament, writes: "The
260:, and whom he made the overseer of Jerusalem's rebuilding around 115 AD. The other person of interest who is described by him is
1284:
Marcus original name was probably "Marcus Annius Verus". No other source calls him "Commodus", but this may just be a confusion.
467:
In folios
Epiphanius gives the names of several cities and places of renown, both in his time and in ancient times, such as:
2100:
746:("otherwise known as Verus", also "called Commodus Lucius") = reign: 19 years. Of these years, 7 years he ruled jointly with
1496:
E.D. Moutsoulas, ed., "Epiphanius of
Salamis, Concerning Weights and Measures" (Introduction, Commentary, Text and Notes),
2095:
1985:
1002:. Using Epiphanius' chronology for the later empire, the years are collected as 56. By comparison, the span of years in
504:
1219:
47:
The composition was written at the request of a
Persian priest, sent to Epiphanius by letter from the Roman emperor in
292:. Symmachus belonged to the fifth generation (165–200 CE) of Rabbinical teachers referred to in the text of the
240:
In spite of Epiphanius' interest in Jewish themes, his narrative often takes on a distorted and stereotypical view of
2065:
51:. Although five fragments of an early Greek version are known to exist, with one entitled Περὶ μέτρων καὶ στάθμων (
435:; in the former case it refers to only one handful, but in latter cases it refers to "a measure of two handfuls."
2115:
2110:
2070:
904:
747:
407:) among the Hebrews," the equivalent of 100 denarii. In folios Epiphanius distinguishes between "a handful" (
1272:
1259:
1176:
1164:
1160:
1970:
1681:
A measure of capacity equivalent to the volume of 144 medium-sized eggs (about 8.5 litres); Marcus Jastrow,
583:
1025:
856:
261:
149:
2135:
1855:
1090:
894:
773:, also called Geta, who is also Antoninus = reign: 7 years (ruled jointly with Lucius Aurelius Commodus)
622:
607:
595:
589:
164:
arranged six columns of the extant Greek translations and two of the Hebrew side by side, naming it the
33:
1882:
613:
396:
1193:
634:
601:
244:. Still, he is an invaluable source on the lives of people and places that figure highly in Jewish
196:
1956:
1918:
994:' own testimony about himself, saying that he was aged 56 in the 13th year of the reign of Caesar
2130:
2045:
1947:
1909:
1418:
1139:
1019:
985:
948:
828:
818:
453:
301:
1842:. "Fifty-seven years, six months, and two days". 17 February 44 BC; 15 March (the death of
1860:
1839:
2022:
1888:
1703:
1700:
1630:
1607:
1568:
976:
850:
838:
788:
764:
177:
1865:
1864:
XXVII. "56 years 4 months 1 day". 18 April; most likely referencing his victory at the
956:
916:
912:
628:
253:
192:
141:
124:'s journey and arrival in the East is dated "47 years after the destruction of Jerusalem."
1054:
972:
955:, as far as the time of Epiphanius, during the second consulship of Arcadius Augustus and
806:
800:
794:
743:
577:
531:
472:
420:
408:
281:
269:
169:
87:
56:
29:
1770:
1683:
Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature
1835:
1406:
1306:
1030:
932:
908:
737:
329:
Folios contain a treatise on the known weights and measures used in his day among the
245:
212:
204:
173:
68:
48:
1456:
2059:
1843:
1690:
1626:
1294:
936:
920:
1057:, which books had only later been added to the canon, according to Jewish tradition.
95:. In 1973, a critical edition of the Greek text was published by E.D. Moutsoulas in
1410:
1245:
1050:
952:
940:
511:
468:
356:
285:
188:
184:
133:
80:
25:
471:(§ 61), Aṭaṭ (§ 62), or what is known as the "threshing floor of the thorn bush" (
416:
248:. In folios ; Epiphanius treats on the lives of two prominent persons who became
1699:, Oxford University Press: Oxford 1977, Appendix II (Liquid and Dry Measure), p.
432:
1794:
1695:
1336:
1157:
500:
428:
383:
362:
276:) in rabbinic literature. Symmachus is mentioned as belonging originally to the
36:(c. 315–403). The greater part of the work is devoted to a discussion on
1782:
1332:
1112:
1077:
876:
822:
782:
539:
457:
289:
277:
249:
145:
137:
1328:
1215:
1003:
832:
770:
701:
695:
640:
559:
543:
488:
157:
2026:
1926:
1830:
1629:), Oxford University Press: Oxford 1977, Appendix III, pp. 799–800
1414:
1344:
1340:
999:
995:
991:
980:
964:
944:
900:
890:
886:
880:
870:
844:
776:
758:
752:
713:
671:
665:
659:
653:
535:
519:
496:
2049:
183:
In folios Epiphanius gives a description of the canonical books of the
1744:
1549:
928:
866:
731:
297:
293:
257:
241:
165:
153:
121:
1243:
reckoning from 22 December instead of 1 July 69, Vespasian's official
333:, the Greeks and the Romans. He states the equivalent weights for the
1952:
1914:
1189:
1134:
968:
924:
812:
725:
527:
523:
484:
461:
388:
374:
280:
nation, and is said to have converted to Judaism during the reign of
161:
72:
1710:, who, like all the earlier and later rabbinic writers, prescribe 6
1234:
actually 8 months and 2 days assuming Vitellius died on 20 December.
2002:(the Loeb Classical Library series), vol. ii, book v, paragraph xlv
1742:, pp. 60 (§ 51), 65, a weight in silver that was equal to 100
1405:, p. 11 (note 3). The letter was apparently signed jointly by
862:
719:
707:
683:
555:
551:
480:
195:
were joined, and considered as one book, as were First and Second
86:
The first to attempt a modern publication of Epiphanius' work was
76:
1075:
Said to be a place about two miles from the Jordan River, called
2018:
Epiphanius' Treatise on Weights and Measures: The Syriac Version
689:
677:
515:
330:
1921:(tertullian.org), year 193. Epiphanius, by his own admittance (
1066:
According to Epiphanius, Marcus Aurelius was also called Verus.
132:
In folios ; ; Epiphanius names four major translations of the
1442:
Found in the “Shatberd codex” MS. 1141, in the library of the
1309:
was also Severus' heir and briefly ruled alongside Caracalla.
1660:, p. 12 (folio 45d). A measure of capacity equal to 30
1365:
Gallus and Volusianus actually reigned a little over a year.
998:, and that he (Josephus) was born in the 1st year of Caesar
308:
to Egypt, some 47 years after the destruction of Jerusalem.
767:(reigned jointly with his son, Antoninus) = reign: 18 years
499:
4:1, said to be "fourteen miles distant east and north of
152:. A fifth Greek translation was discovered in wine jars in
975:
after the assassination of Pertinax, but write only that
1567:(ed. Herbert Danby), Oxford University Press, 1974; the
1413:, emperor of the East, as well as Theodosius' two sons,
897:, who ruled in succession one after the other = 32 years
1937:
and may have used it to construct his own chronologies.
1672:, a capacity equal to about 395.533 cubic centimeters..
203:) considered as one book, as were the First and Second
67:, written in Syriac on parchment, are preserved at the
1884:
Roman Imperial Titulature and Chronology, A.D. 235–284
1532:
1530:
1458:
Catalogue of Syriac manuscripts in the British Museum
1444:
Obshchestvo rasprostranenifa gramotnosti sredi gruzin
1093:
actually ruled about 17 years, from 221 BC to 204 BC.
211:) considered as one book, and the First and Second
79:and, according to the colophon, was written in the
2091:Chronicles containing universal histories in Greek
28:, and geographical treatise compiled in 392 AD in
1775:Onomasticon - The Place Names of Divine Scripture
1383:Actually 55 years, but 56 if counted inclusively.
526:(§ 64) - a city in whose time was called Ḥwarta;
1433:, Introduction; the Codex Parisinus Graecus 835.
1163:, who wrongly dates Tiberius' death to 26 March
140:made by the seventy-two translators, another by
16:Literary work composed by Epiphanius of Salamis
256:(known also as Onkelos) who was a relation of
8:
1664:(seahs). The same is defined in the Talmud (
1356:Decius probably reigned 1 year and 9 months.
1293:The numerals may represent repeated names.
2042:Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik
75:. The older (Or. Add. 17148) was found in
1022:, which contains a similar list of rulers
1685:(2nd edition), Massachusetts 2006, s.v.
479:), and whose description echoes that of
1395:
1318:The text of Marcus Aurelius is repeated
1042:
959:. Years collected altogether: 57 years.
883:, Constantine and Maxentius = 20 years
2044:, vol. 182 (2012), pp. 157–167 (
1887:. Amsterdam: Gieben. pp. 32–36.
619:Ptolemy the Savior (Soter) = 15 years
284:. He subsequently underwent a second
7:
1876:
1874:
1818:
1806:
1757:
1739:
1657:
1645:
1595:
1536:
1521:
1509:
1430:
1402:
643:, the daughter of Ptolemy = 32 years
614:Ptolemy (VIII) the Lover of Learning
2021:. The University of Chicago Press.
1821:, pp. 28–29, 32, 34–35, 37–39.
1205:a corruption of "7 months, 6 days".
865:, who ruled jointly with his sons,
704:= reign: 9 years, 7 months, 12 days
580:(of the Rabbit ) = reigned 40 years
476:
424:
412:
273:
1785:, which means the hill of bricks (
1327:Epiphanius combines the reigns of
1081:(lit. "the place of the circuit").
983:. It can be adduced from Jerome's
710:= reign: 2 years, 2 months, 2 days
629:Ptolemy (IX) the brother of Alexas
14:
1175:13 years, 8 months and 19 days. (
835:, also known as Gallus = 12 years
217:Book of Third and Fourth Kingdoms
209:Book of First and Second Kingdoms
2121:Human-based units of measurement
1933:from which Jerome had based his
1726:; the content of 6 eggs to each
1271:"5 days" instead of "5 months" (
971:do not mention the ascension of
648:Chronology of the Roman emperors
483:'s commentary on Genesis 50:10,
252:to the Jewish religion; the one
136:, made in the Greek tongue: the
2086:Holy Land during Byzantine rule
546:and who were called in his day
300:is said to have passed through
55:), added by a later hand, this
2081:Works by Epiphanius of Salamis
1668:86b, 105a) as equal to thirty
1500:, 44 (1973), pp. 157–198
1487:I, Göttingen 1877, pp. 210–225
945:Arcadius the son of Theodosius
929:Gratian the son of Valentinian
623:Ptolemy (X) who is also Alexas
578:Ptolemy (I), also called Soter
1:
2106:Obsolete units of measurement
1925:, p. 66 ), was familiar with
1144:
789:Alexander, the son of Mammaea
680:= 13 years, 7 months, 27 days
1773:, in their book, "Eusebius,
1115:, who was also named "Soter"
674:= 13 years, 1 month, 28 days
668:= 3 years, 9 months, 29 days
656:= reigned 56 years, 6 months
616:and the Well-Doer = 29 years
1409:, emperor of the West, and
716:= reign: 15 years, 5 months
590:Ptolemy (III) the Well-Doer
572:Chronology of the Ptolemies
2157:
2126:Christian apologetic works
2015:Dean, James Elmer (1935).
1959:(tertullian.org), year 254
1258:"20 days" instead of "2" (
698:= reign: 8 months, 12 days
219:) considered as one book.
24:is a historical, lexical,
2141:Chronicles in Koine Greek
2076:4th-century history books
1881:Peachin, Michael (1990).
879:, who ruled jointly with
831:, who ruled jointly with
821:, who ruled jointly with
744:Marcus Aurelius Antoninus
722:= reign: 1 year, 4 months
584:Ptolemy (II) Philadelphus
288:and became a disciple of
160:near Actium. Afterwards,
949:Honorius the Illustrious
748:Lucius Aurelius Commodus
738:Antoninus, surnamed Pius
1923:On Weights and Measures
1846:) is probably intended.
1769:R. Steven Notley &
1297:didn't exist back then.
933:Valentinian the younger
635:Ptolemy (XII) Dionysius
608:Ptolemy (VI) Philometor
596:Ptolemy (IV) Philopator
381:= lit. "measure"), and
65:On Weights and Measures
53:On Weights and Measures
21:On Weights and Measures
1111:Probably referring to
1026:List of Roman emperors
967:, both Epiphanius and
592:(Euergetes) = 24 years
44:weights and measures.
2101:History of the Levant
1512:, pp. 33–34, 36.
1091:Ptolemy IV Philopator
951:, who was the son of
921:Valentinian the Great
602:Ptolemy (V) Epiphanes
148:, and yet another by
34:Epiphanius of Salamis
2000:Lives of the Caesars
755:II = reign: 13 years
550:(scattered people);
325:Weights and Measures
2096:Textual scholarship
1957:2005 online edition
1919:2005 online edition
1461:2 756 (pp. 717–718)
887:Maximian (Galerius)
859:= 6 years, 4 months
847:= 5 years, 6 months
825:= 2 years, 4 months
686:= 7 months, 26 days
538:(§ 79) - where the
514:of the sea (§ 78);
491:(§ 68), or what is
63:Two manuscripts of
1483:Paul de Largarde,
1102:Actually 24 years.
1020:Chronograph of 354
841:= 1 year, 9 months
819:Gallienus (Gallus)
815:= 1 year, 3 months
692:= 3 months, 5 days
662:= reigned 23 years
586:= reigned 38 years
542:had migrated from
176:, another two the
172:, another two the
2066:4th-century books
1809:, pp. 28–29.
1608:Babylonian Talmud
1569:Babylonian Talmud
1524:, pp. 18–19.
1470:Paul de Lagarde,
1374:actually 15 years
1124:Actually 22 years
791:= reign: 13 years
740:= reign: 22 years
734:= reign: 21 years
728:= reign: 19 years
445:
419:and "a handful" (
318:
236:Prominent figures
229:
178:Book of Leviticus
156:, and a sixth in
114:
2148:
2116:Systems of units
2030:
2003:
1996:
1990:
1981:
1975:
1966:
1960:
1944:
1938:
1905:
1899:
1898:
1878:
1869:
1866:Battle of Mutina
1853:
1847:
1828:
1822:
1816:
1810:
1804:
1798:
1767:
1761:
1755:
1749:
1737:
1731:
1679:
1673:
1655:
1649:
1643:
1637:
1620:
1614:
1605:
1599:
1593:
1587:
1546:
1540:
1534:
1525:
1519:
1513:
1507:
1501:
1494:
1488:
1481:
1475:
1474:, Gootingae 1880
1468:
1462:
1455:William Wright,
1453:
1447:
1440:
1434:
1428:
1422:
1400:
1384:
1381:
1375:
1372:
1366:
1363:
1357:
1354:
1348:
1339:, skipping over
1325:
1319:
1316:
1310:
1304:
1298:
1291:
1285:
1282:
1276:
1269:
1263:
1256:
1250:
1241:
1235:
1232:
1226:
1212:
1206:
1203:
1197:
1186:
1180:
1173:
1167:
1154:
1148:
1146:
1131:
1125:
1122:
1116:
1109:
1103:
1100:
1094:
1088:
1082:
1073:
1067:
1064:
1058:
1047:
1008:De vita Caesarum
564:
509:
503:, in a valley";
478:
441:
426:
414:
314:
275:
264:, also known as
225:
142:Aquila of Pontus
110:
2156:
2155:
2151:
2150:
2149:
2147:
2146:
2145:
2111:Units of volume
2071:Texts in Syriac
2056:
2055:
2037:
2035:Further reading
2014:
2011:
2006:
1997:
1993:
1982:
1978:
1967:
1963:
1945:
1941:
1906:
1902:
1895:
1880:
1879:
1872:
1854:
1850:
1833:(1st century),
1829:
1825:
1817:
1813:
1805:
1801:
1768:
1764:
1756:
1752:
1738:
1734:
1680:
1676:
1656:
1652:
1644:
1640:
1621:
1617:
1606:
1602:
1594:
1590:
1547:
1543:
1535:
1528:
1520:
1516:
1508:
1504:
1495:
1491:
1482:
1478:
1469:
1465:
1454:
1450:
1441:
1437:
1429:
1425:
1401:
1397:
1393:
1388:
1387:
1382:
1378:
1373:
1369:
1364:
1360:
1355:
1351:
1326:
1322:
1317:
1313:
1305:
1301:
1292:
1288:
1283:
1279:
1270:
1266:
1257:
1253:
1242:
1238:
1233:
1229:
1213:
1209:
1204:
1200:
1187:
1183:
1174:
1170:
1155:
1151:
1132:
1128:
1123:
1119:
1110:
1106:
1101:
1097:
1089:
1085:
1074:
1070:
1065:
1061:
1055:Song of Solomon
1048:
1044:
1039:
1016:
973:Didius Julianus
650:
574:
562:
507:
433:Leviticus 16:12
170:Book of Genesis
105:
88:Paul de Lagarde
17:
12:
11:
5:
2154:
2152:
2144:
2143:
2138:
2133:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2113:
2108:
2103:
2098:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2073:
2068:
2058:
2057:
2054:
2053:
2036:
2033:
2032:
2031:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2004:
1991:
1976:
1961:
1939:
1900:
1893:
1870:
1848:
1836:The Jewish War
1823:
1811:
1799:
1795:Eleutheropolis
1762:
1750:
1732:
1674:
1650:
1638:
1615:
1600:
1588:
1541:
1526:
1514:
1502:
1489:
1476:
1463:
1448:
1435:
1423:
1407:Valentinian II
1394:
1392:
1389:
1386:
1385:
1376:
1367:
1358:
1349:
1320:
1311:
1299:
1295:Regnal numbers
1286:
1277:
1264:
1251:
1236:
1227:
1207:
1198:
1181:
1168:
1149:
1126:
1117:
1104:
1095:
1083:
1068:
1059:
1041:
1040:
1038:
1035:
1034:
1033:
1031:Canon of Kings
1028:
1023:
1015:
1012:
961:
960:
911:, followed by
898:
884:
874:
860:
854:
848:
842:
836:
826:
816:
810:
804:
798:
792:
786:
780:
774:
768:
762:
756:
750:
741:
735:
729:
723:
717:
711:
705:
699:
693:
687:
681:
675:
669:
663:
657:
649:
646:
645:
644:
638:
632:
626:
620:
617:
611:
605:
599:
593:
587:
581:
573:
570:
501:Eleutheropolis
465:
464:
449:
448:
447:
446:
327:
326:
322:
321:
320:
319:
296:. The Emperor
238:
237:
233:
232:
231:
230:
174:Book of Exodus
130:
129:
118:
117:
116:
115:
104:
101:
69:British Museum
49:Constantinople
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2153:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2064:
2063:
2061:
2051:
2047:
2043:
2039:
2038:
2034:
2028:
2024:
2020:
2019:
2013:
2012:
2008:
2001:
1995:
1992:
1988:
1987:
1980:
1977:
1973:
1972:
1965:
1962:
1958:
1954:
1950:
1949:
1943:
1940:
1936:
1932:
1928:
1924:
1920:
1916:
1912:
1911:
1904:
1901:
1896:
1894:90-5063-034-0
1890:
1886:
1885:
1877:
1875:
1871:
1867:
1863:
1862:
1857:
1852:
1849:
1845:
1844:Julius Caesar
1841:
1838:
1837:
1832:
1827:
1824:
1820:
1815:
1812:
1808:
1803:
1800:
1796:
1792:
1788:
1784:
1780:
1776:
1772:
1766:
1763:
1760:, p. 47.
1759:
1754:
1751:
1747:
1746:
1741:
1736:
1733:
1729:
1725:
1721:
1717:
1713:
1709:
1708:0 19 815402 X
1705:
1702:
1698:
1697:
1692:
1691:Herbert Danby
1688:
1684:
1678:
1675:
1671:
1667:
1663:
1659:
1654:
1651:
1648:, p. 68.
1647:
1642:
1639:
1636:
1635:0 19 815402 X
1632:
1628:
1627:Herbert Danby
1624:
1619:
1616:
1612:
1609:
1604:
1601:
1598:, p. 32.
1597:
1592:
1589:
1585:
1581:
1577:
1573:
1570:
1566:
1562:
1558:
1554:
1551:
1545:
1542:
1539:, p. 30.
1538:
1533:
1531:
1527:
1523:
1518:
1515:
1511:
1506:
1503:
1499:
1493:
1490:
1486:
1480:
1477:
1473:
1467:
1464:
1460:
1459:
1452:
1449:
1445:
1439:
1436:
1432:
1427:
1424:
1420:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1399:
1396:
1390:
1380:
1377:
1371:
1368:
1362:
1359:
1353:
1350:
1346:
1342:
1338:
1334:
1330:
1324:
1321:
1315:
1312:
1308:
1303:
1300:
1296:
1290:
1287:
1281:
1278:
1274:
1268:
1265:
1261:
1255:
1252:
1248:
1247:
1240:
1237:
1231:
1228:
1225:
1223:
1217:
1211:
1208:
1202:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1188:Confirmed by
1185:
1182:
1178:
1172:
1169:
1166:
1162:
1159:
1153:
1150:
1142:
1141:
1136:
1130:
1127:
1121:
1118:
1114:
1108:
1105:
1099:
1096:
1092:
1087:
1084:
1080:
1079:
1072:
1069:
1063:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1046:
1043:
1036:
1032:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1021:
1018:
1017:
1013:
1011:
1009:
1005:
1001:
997:
993:
988:
987:
982:
978:
974:
970:
966:
958:
954:
950:
946:
942:
938:
934:
930:
926:
922:
918:
914:
910:
906:
902:
899:
896:
892:
888:
885:
882:
878:
875:
872:
868:
864:
861:
858:
855:
852:
849:
846:
843:
840:
837:
834:
830:
827:
824:
820:
817:
814:
811:
808:
805:
802:
799:
796:
793:
790:
787:
784:
781:
778:
775:
772:
769:
766:
763:
760:
757:
754:
751:
749:
745:
742:
739:
736:
733:
730:
727:
724:
721:
718:
715:
712:
709:
706:
703:
700:
697:
694:
691:
688:
685:
682:
679:
676:
673:
670:
667:
664:
661:
658:
655:
652:
651:
647:
642:
639:
636:
633:
630:
627:
624:
621:
618:
615:
612:
609:
606:
603:
600:
597:
594:
591:
588:
585:
582:
579:
576:
575:
571:
569:
568:
561:
557:
553:
549:
545:
541:
537:
533:
529:
525:
521:
517:
513:
506:
502:
498:
494:
490:
486:
482:
474:
470:
463:
459:
455:
452:Geography of
451:
450:
444:
440:
439:
438:
437:
436:
434:
430:
422:
418:
417:I Kings 17:12
410:
406:
402:
398:
394:
390:
386:
385:
380:
376:
372:
371:
366:
365:
360:
359:
354:
350:
346:
342:
338:
337:
332:
324:
323:
317:
313:
312:
311:
310:
309:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
271:
267:
263:
259:
255:
251:
247:
243:
235:
234:
228:
224:
223:
222:
221:
220:
218:
214:
210:
206:
202:
201:Paraleipomena
198:
194:
190:
189:Books of Ezra
186:
181:
179:
175:
171:
167:
163:
159:
155:
151:
147:
143:
139:
135:
127:
126:
125:
123:
113:
109:
108:
107:
106:
102:
100:
98:
94:
89:
84:
82:
78:
74:
70:
66:
61:
58:
54:
50:
45:
43:
39:
35:
31:
27:
23:
22:
2136:Regnal lists
2017:
2009:Bibliography
1999:
1994:
1984:
1979:
1969:
1964:
1946:
1942:
1934:
1930:
1922:
1908:
1903:
1883:
1861:To Autolycus
1859:
1851:
1834:
1826:
1814:
1802:
1790:
1786:
1778:
1774:
1771:Ze'ev Safrai
1765:
1753:
1743:
1735:
1727:
1723:
1719:
1715:
1711:
1694:
1689:p. 738. Cf.
1686:
1682:
1677:
1669:
1665:
1661:
1653:
1641:
1622:
1618:
1610:
1603:
1591:
1583:
1579:
1575:
1571:
1564:
1560:
1556:
1552:
1544:
1517:
1505:
1497:
1492:
1484:
1479:
1471:
1466:
1457:
1451:
1443:
1438:
1426:
1398:
1379:
1370:
1361:
1352:
1323:
1314:
1302:
1289:
1280:
1267:
1254:
1246:dies imperii
1244:
1239:
1230:
1221:
1210:
1201:
1184:
1171:
1152:
1138:
1129:
1120:
1107:
1098:
1086:
1076:
1071:
1062:
1051:Ecclesiastes
1045:
1007:
984:
962:
783:Antoninus II
566:
547:
493:Eḇen haʿezer
492:
469:Mount Ararat
466:
442:
404:
400:
392:
382:
378:
368:
363:
357:
348:
344:
340:
334:
328:
315:
305:
286:circumcision
265:
239:
226:
216:
208:
200:
185:Hebrew Bible
182:
134:Hebrew Bible
131:
128:Translations
120:In folios ,
119:
111:
96:
92:
85:
81:Seleucid era
64:
62:
52:
46:
26:metrological
20:
19:
18:
1998:Suetonius,
1971:Antiquities
1868:(21 April).
1858:(180–192),
1783:Tell Livnin
1696:The Mishnah
1666:Baba Bathra
1623:The Mishnah
1576:Baba Bathra
1565:The Mishnah
1557:Baba Metzia
1337:Gordian III
1158:Cassius Dio
937:Valentinian
909:Constantius
905:Constantine
895:Constantine
425:מְלֹא חֹפֶן
2060:Categories
1983:Josephus,
1968:Josephus,
1856:Theophilus
1580:Baba Kamma
1411:Theodosius
1391:References
1333:Gordian II
1273:Dio 67, 18
1260:Dio, 66.26
1214:following
1156:Following
1143:(produced
1133:Following
1113:Ptolemy IX
1078:Beth-ḥagla
1049:Excluding
953:Theodosius
941:Theodosius
877:Diocletian
853:= 6 months
823:Volusianus
761:= 6 months
637:= 31 years
625:= 12 years
610:= 34 years
604:= 22 years
598:= 21 years
540:Canaanites
458:Asia Minor
429:Exodus 9:8
399:is called
316:Part Three
290:Rabbi Meir
250:proselytes
197:Chronicles
146:Theodotion
30:Constantia
2131:Treatises
1974:(20.11.3)
1948:Chronicon
1935:Chronicon
1931:Chronicle
1910:Chronicon
1819:Dean 1935
1807:Dean 1935
1758:Dean 1935
1740:Dean 1935
1658:Dean 1935
1646:Dean 1935
1596:Dean 1935
1537:Dean 1935
1522:Dean 1935
1510:Dean 1935
1498:Theologia
1431:Dean 1935
1403:Dean 1935
1329:Gordian I
1216:Suetonius
1177:Dio 61.34
1140:Chronicon
1004:Suetonius
986:Chronicon
873:= 2 years
833:Gallienus
809:= 7 years
803:= 6 years
797:= 3 years
785:= 4 years
771:Caracalla
702:Vespasian
696:Vitellius
641:Cleopatra
631:= 8 years
560:Jerusalem
548:Bizakanoi
544:Phoenicia
518:(§ 76);
454:Palestine
443:Part Four
413:מְלֹא כַף
302:Palestine
278:Samaritan
262:Symmachus
158:Nicopolis
150:Symmachus
144:, one by
97:Theologia
2050:23849839
1927:Eusebius
1831:Josephus
1722:to each
1714:to each
1485:Symmicta
1446:, Tiflis
1419:Honorius
1415:Arcadius
1345:Balbinus
1341:Pupienus
1053:and the
1014:See also
996:Domitian
992:Josephus
981:Aemilian
965:Pertinax
935:(son of
901:Constans
891:Licinius
881:Maximian
871:Numerian
845:Aurelian
839:Claudius
829:Valerian
795:Maximian
779:= 1 year
777:Macrinus
759:Pertinax
753:Commodus
714:Domitian
672:Claudius
660:Tiberius
654:Augustus
565:(§ 74),
558:(§ 75),
554:(§ 71),
536:Carthage
534:(§ 67);
530:(§ 73);
522:(§ 66);
520:Anathoth
510:(§ 77);
497:I Samuel
489:Aviʿazar
487:(§ 63);
477:גרן האטד
460:and the
306:en route
227:Part Two
193:Nehemiah
112:Part One
103:Synopsis
93:Symmicta
1791:Le-azek
1787:livanim
1745:denaria
1693:(ed.),
1563:5:3 in
1550:Mishnah
1165:(28.5).
977:Severus
867:Carinus
851:Tacitus
801:Gordian
765:Severus
732:Hadrian
349:lethekh
331:Hebrews
298:Hadrian
294:Mishnah
258:Hadrian
242:Judaism
166:Hexapla
154:Jericho
122:Hadrian
2048:
2027:912074
2025:
1953:Jerome
1915:Jerome
1891:
1706:
1633:
1611:Eruvin
1572:Eruvin
1561:Ḥullin
1553:Eruvin
1194:s.2070
1190:Jerome
1161:(30.1)
1135:Jerome
969:Jerome
925:Valens
917:Jovian
913:Julian
857:Probus
813:Decius
807:Philip
726:Trajan
567:et al.
563:
532:Ophrah
528:Bethel
524:Azekah
512:Carmel
508:
505:Carmel
485:Abarim
473:Hebrew
462:Levant
421:Hebrew
409:Hebrew
397:talent
389:Hebrew
375:Hebrew
370:modius
353:Lethek
347:, the
304:while
274:סומכוס
270:Hebrew
266:Sūmkos
254:Aquila
205:Samuel
162:Origen
73:London
57:Syriac
2046:JSTOR
1779:lavan
1687:מודיא
1670:seahs
1662:modii
1625:(ed.
1584:et al
1582:46a,
1578:73a,
1574:13b,
1559:6:5;
1555:3:1;
1548:See:
1224:, 11)
1037:Notes
1000:Gaius
957:Rufus
863:Carus
720:Nerva
708:Titus
684:Galba
666:Gaius
556:Jaffa
552:Rekem
481:Rashi
427:) in
415:) in
401:Maneh
393:maneh
358:homer
282:Verus
213:Kings
77:Egypt
42:Roman
38:Greek
2023:OCLC
1986:Vita
1907:Cf.
1889:ISBN
1720:logs
1718:; 4
1716:seah
1712:kabs
1704:ISBN
1631:ISBN
1417:and
1343:and
1335:and
1307:Geta
1222:Otho
907:and
893:and
869:and
690:Otho
678:Nero
516:Akko
431:and
405:mina
384:mina
379:seah
364:bath
246:lore
191:and
40:and
1989:§ 1
1951:of
1913:of
1728:log
1724:kab
1701:798
1613:13b
1137:'s
939:),
495:of
355:),
345:kor
343:),
341:cab
336:kab
138:LXX
71:in
32:by
2062::
1955:,
1929:'
1917:,
1873:^
1840:IX
1748:..
1529:^
1421:..
1331:,
1262:).
1218:.
1196:).
1145:c.
1006:'
947:,
943:,
931:,
927:,
923:,
919:,
915:,
903:,
889:,
475::
456:,
423::
411::
391::
377::
367:,
361:,
272::
99:.
2052:)
2029:.
1897:.
1730:.
1586:.
1347:.
1275:)
1249:.
1220:(
1192:(
1179:)
403:(
387:(
373:(
351:(
339:(
268:(
215:(
207:(
199:(
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