27:
88:, it was a blue light like a pine torchlight, and several onibi would gather together, and humans who come close would have their spirit sucked out. Also, from the illustration in the same Zue, it has been guessed to have a size from about two or three centimeters in diameter to about 20 or 30 centimeters, and to float in the air about one or two meters from the ground. According to
141:
149:
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Sankyō Kanda, a biologist of luminescent animals, found phosphorus in 1696, and as he knew that human bodies also had this phosphorus, in Japan, the character 燐 was applied to it, and thus it can be guessed that it was mixed in with the hint from China about the relation between onibi and phosphorus.
338:
First, considering how the details about onibi from eyewitness testimony do not match each other, onibi can be thought of as a collective term for several kinds of mysterious light phenomenon. Since they frequently appear during days of rain, even though the "bi" (fire) is in its name, they have been
354:
One century after the "Wakan Sansai Zue" in the 19th century and afterwards in Japan, as the first to speak of them, they were mentioned in Shūkichi Arai's literary work "Fushigi Benmō", stating, "the corpses of those who are buried have their phosphorus turned into onibi". This interpretation was
422:
There are also legends that onibi would float about when ghosts appear in Europe, as in
Germany on November 2 on All Souls' Night, a great number of onibi can be seen behind the temple in the graveyard. This was seen as proof that a long line of ghosts had come to the temple, and the ghosts of
191:, and Mitani Mountain. One would think that it appeared very close, just for it to fly far away, and when one thinks that it has split apart several times, it would once again all come together. It is said to be of no particular harm to humans.
350:
Meanwhile, in Japan, according to the explanation in the "Wakan Sansai Zue", for humans, horses, and cattle die in battle and stain the ground with blood, the onibi are what their spirits turn into after several years and months.
106:
They are generally blue as stated previously, but there are some that are bluish white, red, and yellow. For their size, there are some as small as a candle flame, to ones about as large as a human, to some that even span several
423:
children wore a white undergarment, participating in the line by "Frau Holle (Mrs. Holle)". Since they had appeared in a graveyard, an explanation was given that it was due to the gasses from decomposition as stated previously.
96:" from the Edo period, in chapter 10 "Onibi no Koto", there was an anecdote about an onibi that appeared above Hakone mountain that split into two and flew around, gathered together again, and furthermore split several times.
273:
who received
Buddhist punishment and became an onibi, and the anguishing face of the priest would float inside the fire. The name also appeared in the "Shinotogibōko", a collection of ghost stories from the Edo
394:
also advanced the theory that these mysterious fires are caused by plasma. It has also been pointed out that for the lights that would appear far in the middle of darkness, that if they are able to move by
342:
In China in the BC era, it was said that "from the blood of human and animals, phosphorus and oni fire (onibi) comes". The character 燐 at that time in China could also mean the luminescence of fireflies,
402:
Each of these theories has its own merits and demerits, and since the onibi legends themselves are of various kinds, it would be impossible to conclusively explain all of the onibi with a single theory.
125:
They commonly appear in watery areas like wetlands, and also in forests, prairies, and graveyards, and they often appear in places surrounded by natural features, but rarely they appear in towns as well.
339:
surmised to be different from simply the flames of combustion, and is a different type of luminescent body. It is especially of note that in the past, these phenomena were not strange.
367:
would give off light. In this way, many of the onibi would be explained, but there also remain many testimonies that do not match with the theory that of illumination from phosphorus.
113:
Sometimes only one or two of them appear, and also times when 20 to 30 of them would appear at once, and even times when countless onibi would burn and disappear all night long.
310:(ladle), but it is not that it actually looks like the ladle tool, but rather that it appeared to be pulling a long and thin tail, which was compared to a ladle as a metaphor.
64:, they are the spirits born from the corpses of humans and animals. They are also said to be resentful people that have become fire and appeared. Also, sometimes the words "
930:
414:, and as there are many different theories to explain them, and since the true nature of these onibi is unknown, there is no real clear distinction between them.
284:. It ordinarily lives in the kitchen behind the charcoal extinguisher, but it is said to become a bird-like shape and fly around, and make things catch on fire.
233:. In storms, it would appear as a spherical ball of fire. It would be about as big as a personal tray, and it gives off bright light. In the typhoon of
1223:
306:). It appears in mountain villages, and is a bluish white ball of fire that lightly floats in the air. It is said to have an appearance like a
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known from ghost stories, Okiku's spirit became appeared as an inka ("shadow fire") from the well, and was depicted as counting plates.
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It is a mysterious fire that has created various legends, there is the theory that a bone the fox is holding in its mouth is glowing.
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is produced from the decay and becomes the source of the onibi, and also ones that would be defined in modern science as a type of
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from Michi explained it as a refraction of light that occurs near river beds. Sometimes kitsunebi are considered a type of onibi.
156:
As onibi are thought of as a type of atmospheric ghost light, there are ones like the below. Other than these, there is also the
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There are some that, when touched, do not feel hot like a fire, but also some that would burn things with heat like a real fire.
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is also a kind of onibi, but there is also the opinion that strictly speaking, they are different from onibi.
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After that, there is a theory that it is not phosphorus itself, but rather the spontaneous combustion of
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399:, then there is a possibility that they could simply be related to optical illusion phenomena.
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386:. Since they often appear in days of rain, there are scientists that would explain that as
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30 (1897), this kazedama appeared from the mountain and floated in the air several times.
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Nowadays, people have advanced several theories about their appearance and features.
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In other words, it could be surmised that when corpses decay, the phosphorus in
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They usually appear from spring to summer. They often appear on days of rain.
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supported until the 1920s, and dictionaries would state this in the
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It is an onibi that appears below the castle and above the sea in
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144:"Sarakazoe" from the "Konjaku Gazu Zoku Hyakki" by Sekien Toriyama
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269:. It was stated to be a monk who once stole from the Jizōdō in
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produced from the decay of the corpse, and also a theory that
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It is an onibi that would appear together when a ghost or
152:"Sougenbi" from the "Gazu Hyakki Yagyō" by Sekien Toriyama
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Type of atmospheric ghost light in legends of Japan
406:Furthermore, they are frequently confused with
45:
924:
8:
258:Sōgenbi (叢原火 or 宗源火, "religion source fire")
598:土佐民俗学会 (1988). "近世土佐妖怪資料". In 谷川健一編 (ed.).
72:" are translated into Japanese as "onibi".
931:
917:
909:
287:Wataribisyaku (渡柄杓, "transversing ladle")
172:among others. There is a theory that the
856:. Truth in fantasy. Vol. IV. 新紀元社.
772:. ちくまプリマーブックス. 筑摩書房. pp. 181–193頁.
577:. Truth in fantasy. 新紀元社. pp. 69頁.
525:鈴木桃野 (1961). "反古のうらがき". In 柴田宵曲編 (ed.).
488:
486:
469:
467:
465:
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602:. Vol. 第8巻. 三一書房. pp. 335頁.
552:
550:
548:
546:
544:
542:
540:
538:
536:
871:寺島良安 (1987). 島田勇雄・竹島淳夫・樋口元巳訳注 (ed.).
739:. Vol. 第4巻. 平凡社. pp. 1749頁.
648:国枝春一・広瀬貫之 (May 1940). "美濃揖斐郡徳山村郷土誌".
7:
243:It is an onibi that appeared in the
390:(plasma phenomenon). The physicist
374:, or the theory that it is burning
197:It is what onibi are called in the
562:. Vol. IV. pp. 231–234頁.
14:
627:. 講談社学術文庫. 講談社. pp. 212頁.
509:
240:Sarakazoe (皿数え, "count plate")
1:
695:西村市郎右衛門 (1983). 湯沢賢之助 (ed.).
122:Places of frequent appearance
792:那谷敏郎 『「魔」の世界』 講談社学術文庫 2003年
290:An onibi from Chii village,
116:Times of frequent appearance
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894:. 岩波文庫. Vol. 下. 岩波書店.
890:根岸鎮衛 (1991). 長谷川強校注 (ed.).
679:
663:
19:For the Japanese film, see
3140:
875:. 東洋文庫. Vol. 8. 平凡社.
493:
474:
326:
277:Hidama (火魂, "fire spirit")
218:Kazedama (風玉, "wind ball")
18:
833:高田衛監修 稲田篤信・田中直日編 (1992).
557:
180:Asobibi (遊火, "play fire")
46:
3119:Atmospheric ghost lights
714:. 東京堂出版. pp. 188頁.
245:Konjaku Gazu Zoku Hyakki
208:Inka (陰火, "shadow fire")
735:柳田國男監修 民俗学研究所編 (1955).
529:. 東京堂. pp. 66–67頁.
60:of Japan. According to
54:atmospheric ghost light
2660:Yashima no Hage-tanuki
699:. 古典文庫. pp. 348頁.
221:It is an onibi of the
153:
145:
37:
1194:Konjaku Monogatarishū
265:in Sekien Toriyama's
151:
143:
29:
1226:in Japanese Folklore
1224:Legendary Creatures
498:. pp. 143–144頁.
1212:Uji Shūi Monogatari
1111:Taketori Monogatari
652:(5月号（通巻149号）): 63頁.
292:Kitakuwada District
261:It was an onibi in
479:. pp. 37–67頁.
321:Kimimori Sarashina
282:Okinawa Prefecture
280:An onibi from the
253:Banchō Sarayashiki
154:
146:
38:
3124:Japanese folklore
3106:
3105:
2633:Danzaburou-danuki
1138:Tsuru no Ongaeshi
1102:Shita-kiri Suzume
958:Awa Tanuki Gassen
940:Japanese folklore
901:978-4-00-302613-7
882:978-4-256-80476-6
863:978-4-915146-44-2
844:978-4-336-03386-4
825:978-4-12-201958-4
779:978-4-480-04154-8
749:『世界原色百科事典』2巻「狐火」項
721:978-4-490-10149-2
634:978-4-06-158135-7
609:978-4-380-88527-3
584:978-4-88317-283-2
388:Saint Elmo's fire
267:Gazu Hyakki Yagyō
80:According to the
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2651:Shibaemon-tanuki
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1561:
1552:
1543:
1534:
1525:
1516:
1507:
1498:
1496:
1482:
1473:
1464:
1455:
1446:
1437:
1428:
1419:
1410:
1401:
1392:
1383:
1374:
1365:
1356:
1347:
1338:
1329:
1320:
1311:
1302:
1293:
1284:
1275:
1266:
1257:
1248:
1239:
1215:
1206:
1197:
1177:
1168:
1165:Yamata no Orochi
1159:
1150:
1141:
1132:
1123:
1114:
1105:
1096:
1093:Saru Kani Gassen
1087:
1078:
1069:
1060:
1051:
1042:
1033:
1024:
1021:Kachi-kachi Yama
1015:
1006:
997:
988:
979:
970:
961:
933:
926:
919:
910:
905:
886:
867:
848:
829:
818:. 中公文庫. 中央公論新社.
801:
790:
784:
783:
765:
759:
756:
750:
747:
741:
740:
732:
726:
725:
707:
701:
700:
692:
686:
685:
676:
670:
669:
668:. pp. 138頁.
660:
654:
653:
645:
639:
638:
620:
614:
613:
595:
589:
588:
570:
564:
563:
554:
531:
530:
522:
516:
515:
514:. pp. 402頁.
506:
500:
499:
490:
481:
480:
471:
438:Will-o'-the-wisp
392:Yoshihiko Ōtsuki
380:hydrogen sulfide
345:triboelectricity
316:(狐火, "fox fire")
296:Kyoto Prefecture
199:Watarai District
189:Kōchi Prefecture
92:, in the essay "
90:Yasumori Negishi
82:Wakan Sansai Zue
66:will-o'-the-wisp
51:
49:
48:
33:Wakan Sansai Zue
3139:
3138:
3134:
3133:
3132:
3130:
3129:
3128:
3109:
3108:
3107:
3102:
3066:
3060:Zashiki-warashi
2574:
2318:Rashōmon no oni
1664:Hitotsume-nyūdō
1632:
1490:
1225:
1218:
1180:
1048:Kobutori Jiisan
994:Hanasaka Jiisan
967:Bunbuku Chagama
942:
937:
902:
889:
883:
870:
864:
851:
845:
832:
826:
813:
810:
805:
804:
791:
787:
780:
767:
766:
762:
757:
753:
748:
744:
734:
733:
729:
722:
709:
708:
704:
694:
693:
689:
684:. pp. 51頁.
678:
677:
673:
662:
661:
657:
647:
646:
642:
635:
622:
621:
617:
610:
597:
596:
592:
585:
572:
571:
567:
556:
555:
534:
524:
523:
519:
508:
507:
503:
492:
491:
484:
473:
472:
451:
446:
429:
420:
365:phosphoric acid
336:
331:
249:Sekien Toriyama
231:Gifu Prefecture
138:
84:written in the
78:
70:jack-o'-lantern
50:, "Demon Fire")
43:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3137:
3135:
3127:
3126:
3121:
3111:
3110:
3104:
3103:
3101:
3100:
3095:
3093:Shigeru Mizuki
3090:
3088:Lafcadio Hearn
3085:
3080:
3078:Kunio Yanagita
3074:
3072:
3068:
3067:
3065:
3064:
3055:
3046:
3042:Yume no seirei
3037:
3028:
3019:
3010:
3001:
2992:
2983:
2974:
2965:
2956:
2947:
2938:
2929:
2920:
2911:
2902:
2893:
2884:
2875:
2866:
2862:Tsurube-otoshi
2857:
2848:
2839:
2838:
2837:
2828:
2819:
2815:Koto-furunushi
2810:
2801:
2792:
2783:
2774:
2765:
2756:
2738:
2729:
2720:
2711:
2702:
2693:
2684:
2675:
2666:
2665:
2664:
2655:
2646:
2637:
2628:
2624:Tanuki-bayashi
2610:
2601:
2592:
2583:
2567:
2558:
2549:
2540:
2531:
2522:
2513:
2504:
2495:
2486:
2477:
2468:
2459:
2450:
2441:
2432:
2423:
2414:
2405:
2396:
2387:
2378:
2369:
2360:
2351:
2342:
2333:
2332:
2331:
2322:
2313:
2304:
2295:
2277:
2268:
2259:
2250:
2241:
2232:
2223:
2214:
2205:
2196:
2187:
2178:
2169:
2160:
2151:
2142:
2133:
2124:
2115:
2106:
2097:
2088:
2079:
2070:
2061:
2060:
2059:
2041:
2032:
2023:
2014:
2005:
1996:
1987:
1978:
1974:Kuchisake-onna
1969:
1960:
1951:
1942:
1933:
1924:
1915:
1906:
1905:
1904:
1886:
1877:
1868:
1859:
1850:
1841:
1832:
1823:
1814:
1805:
1796:
1795:
1794:
1785:
1767:
1758:
1749:
1740:
1731:
1722:
1713:
1704:
1695:
1686:
1677:
1668:
1659:
1655:Hitotsume-kozō
1650:
1641:
1625:
1616:
1607:
1598:
1589:
1580:
1571:
1562:
1553:
1549:Futakuchi-onna
1544:
1535:
1526:
1517:
1508:
1499:
1483:
1474:
1465:
1456:
1447:
1438:
1429:
1420:
1411:
1402:
1398:Ashinagatenaga
1393:
1384:
1375:
1366:
1357:
1348:
1339:
1330:
1321:
1312:
1303:
1294:
1285:
1276:
1267:
1258:
1249:
1240:
1230:
1228:
1220:
1219:
1217:
1216:
1207:
1198:
1188:
1186:
1182:
1181:
1179:
1178:
1174:Yotsuya Kaidan
1169:
1160:
1151:
1142:
1133:
1124:
1115:
1106:
1097:
1088:
1079:
1075:Nezumi no Sumō
1070:
1061:
1052:
1043:
1034:
1025:
1016:
1007:
998:
989:
980:
971:
962:
952:
950:
944:
943:
938:
936:
935:
928:
921:
913:
907:
906:
900:
887:
881:
868:
862:
849:
843:
830:
824:
809:
806:
803:
802:
785:
778:
760:
751:
742:
727:
720:
710:水木しげる (1981).
702:
687:
671:
655:
640:
633:
615:
608:
590:
583:
565:
532:
527:随筆辞典 第4巻 奇談異聞編
517:
501:
482:
448:
447:
445:
442:
441:
440:
435:
428:
425:
419:
416:
335:
334:Considerations
332:
327:Main article:
325:
324:
317:
311:
288:
285:
278:
275:
259:
256:
241:
238:
219:
216:
209:
206:
203:Mie Prefecture
195:
192:
181:
137:
134:
133:
132:
129:
126:
123:
120:
117:
114:
111:
108:
104:
77:
74:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3136:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3116:
3114:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3075:
3073:
3069:
3062:
3061:
3056:
3053:
3052:
3047:
3044:
3043:
3038:
3035:
3034:
3029:
3026:
3025:
3020:
3017:
3016:
3011:
3008:
3007:
3002:
2999:
2998:
2993:
2990:
2989:
2984:
2981:
2980:
2975:
2972:
2971:
2966:
2963:
2962:
2957:
2954:
2953:
2948:
2945:
2944:
2939:
2936:
2935:
2930:
2927:
2926:
2921:
2918:
2917:
2912:
2909:
2908:
2903:
2900:
2899:
2894:
2891:
2890:
2885:
2882:
2881:
2876:
2873:
2872:
2867:
2864:
2863:
2858:
2855:
2854:
2849:
2846:
2845:
2840:
2835:
2834:
2829:
2826:
2825:
2820:
2817:
2816:
2811:
2808:
2807:
2802:
2799:
2798:
2793:
2790:
2789:
2788:Chōchin'obake
2784:
2781:
2780:
2775:
2772:
2771:
2770:Biwa-bokuboku
2766:
2763:
2762:
2757:
2754:
2753:
2748:
2747:
2745:
2744:
2739:
2736:
2735:
2730:
2727:
2726:
2721:
2718:
2717:
2712:
2709:
2708:
2703:
2700:
2699:
2694:
2691:
2690:
2685:
2682:
2681:
2676:
2673:
2672:
2667:
2662:
2661:
2656:
2653:
2652:
2647:
2644:
2643:
2642:Inugami Gyōbu
2638:
2635:
2634:
2629:
2626:
2625:
2620:
2619:
2617:
2616:
2611:
2608:
2607:
2602:
2599:
2598:
2593:
2590:
2589:
2584:
2581:
2578:
2573:
2568:
2565:
2564:
2559:
2556:
2555:
2550:
2547:
2546:
2541:
2538:
2537:
2532:
2529:
2528:
2523:
2520:
2519:
2514:
2511:
2510:
2505:
2502:
2501:
2496:
2493:
2492:
2487:
2484:
2483:
2478:
2475:
2474:
2469:
2466:
2465:
2460:
2457:
2456:
2451:
2448:
2447:
2442:
2439:
2438:
2433:
2430:
2429:
2424:
2421:
2420:
2415:
2412:
2411:
2406:
2403:
2402:
2397:
2394:
2393:
2388:
2385:
2384:
2379:
2376:
2375:
2370:
2367:
2366:
2361:
2358:
2357:
2352:
2349:
2348:
2343:
2340:
2339:
2334:
2329:
2328:
2323:
2320:
2319:
2314:
2311:
2310:
2305:
2302:
2301:
2296:
2293:
2292:
2287:
2286:
2284:
2283:
2278:
2275:
2274:
2269:
2266:
2265:
2260:
2257:
2256:
2251:
2248:
2247:
2242:
2239:
2238:
2233:
2230:
2229:
2224:
2221:
2220:
2215:
2212:
2211:
2206:
2203:
2202:
2197:
2194:
2193:
2188:
2185:
2184:
2179:
2176:
2175:
2170:
2167:
2166:
2161:
2158:
2157:
2152:
2149:
2148:
2143:
2140:
2139:
2134:
2131:
2130:
2125:
2122:
2121:
2116:
2113:
2112:
2107:
2104:
2103:
2098:
2095:
2094:
2089:
2086:
2085:
2080:
2077:
2076:
2071:
2068:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2056:
2051:
2050:
2048:
2047:
2046:Mikoshi-nyūdō
2042:
2039:
2038:
2033:
2030:
2029:
2024:
2021:
2020:
2015:
2012:
2011:
2006:
2003:
2002:
1997:
1994:
1993:
1988:
1985:
1984:
1979:
1976:
1975:
1970:
1967:
1966:
1961:
1958:
1957:
1952:
1949:
1948:
1943:
1940:
1939:
1934:
1931:
1930:
1925:
1922:
1921:
1916:
1913:
1912:
1907:
1902:
1901:
1896:
1895:
1893:
1892:
1887:
1884:
1883:
1878:
1875:
1874:
1869:
1866:
1865:
1860:
1857:
1856:
1851:
1848:
1847:
1842:
1839:
1838:
1833:
1830:
1829:
1824:
1821:
1820:
1815:
1812:
1811:
1806:
1803:
1802:
1797:
1792:
1791:
1786:
1783:
1782:
1777:
1776:
1774:
1773:
1768:
1765:
1764:
1759:
1756:
1755:
1750:
1747:
1746:
1741:
1738:
1737:
1732:
1729:
1728:
1723:
1720:
1719:
1714:
1711:
1710:
1705:
1702:
1701:
1696:
1693:
1692:
1687:
1684:
1683:
1678:
1675:
1674:
1669:
1666:
1665:
1660:
1657:
1656:
1651:
1648:
1647:
1642:
1639:
1636:
1631:
1626:
1623:
1622:
1617:
1614:
1613:
1608:
1605:
1604:
1599:
1596:
1595:
1590:
1587:
1586:
1581:
1578:
1577:
1572:
1569:
1568:
1563:
1560:
1559:
1554:
1551:
1550:
1545:
1542:
1541:
1536:
1533:
1532:
1527:
1524:
1523:
1518:
1515:
1514:
1509:
1506:
1505:
1500:
1497:
1494:
1489:
1484:
1481:
1480:
1475:
1472:
1471:
1470:Daidarabotchi
1466:
1463:
1462:
1457:
1454:
1453:
1448:
1445:
1444:
1439:
1436:
1435:
1430:
1427:
1426:
1421:
1418:
1417:
1412:
1409:
1408:
1403:
1400:
1399:
1394:
1391:
1390:
1385:
1382:
1381:
1376:
1373:
1372:
1367:
1364:
1363:
1358:
1355:
1354:
1349:
1346:
1345:
1340:
1337:
1336:
1335:Amazake-babaa
1331:
1328:
1327:
1322:
1319:
1318:
1313:
1310:
1309:
1304:
1301:
1300:
1295:
1292:
1291:
1286:
1283:
1282:
1277:
1274:
1273:
1268:
1265:
1264:
1259:
1256:
1255:
1250:
1247:
1246:
1245:Abura-sumashi
1241:
1238:
1237:
1232:
1231:
1229:
1227:
1221:
1214:
1213:
1208:
1205:
1204:
1199:
1196:
1195:
1190:
1189:
1187:
1183:
1176:
1175:
1170:
1167:
1166:
1161:
1158:
1157:
1152:
1149:
1148:
1147:Urashima Tarō
1143:
1140:
1139:
1134:
1131:
1130:
1125:
1122:
1121:
1120:Tamamo-no-Mae
1116:
1113:
1112:
1107:
1104:
1103:
1098:
1095:
1094:
1089:
1086:
1085:
1080:
1077:
1076:
1071:
1068:
1067:
1062:
1059:
1058:
1053:
1050:
1049:
1044:
1041:
1040:
1035:
1032:
1031:
1026:
1023:
1022:
1017:
1014:
1013:
1008:
1005:
1004:
999:
996:
995:
990:
987:
986:
981:
978:
977:
972:
969:
968:
963:
960:
959:
954:
953:
951:
949:
945:
941:
934:
929:
927:
922:
920:
915:
914:
911:
903:
897:
893:
888:
884:
878:
874:
869:
865:
859:
855:
852:多田克己 (1990).
850:
846:
840:
836:
831:
827:
821:
817:
814:神田左京 (1992).
812:
811:
807:
799:
798:4-06-159624-1
795:
789:
786:
781:
775:
771:
768:大槻義彦 (1991).
764:
761:
755:
752:
746:
743:
738:
731:
728:
723:
717:
713:
706:
703:
698:
691:
688:
683:
682:
675:
672:
667:
666:
659:
656:
651:
644:
641:
636:
630:
626:
623:柳田國男 (1977).
619:
616:
611:
605:
601:
594:
591:
586:
580:
576:
569:
566:
561:
560:
553:
551:
549:
547:
545:
543:
541:
539:
537:
533:
528:
521:
518:
513:
512:
505:
502:
497:
496:
489:
487:
483:
478:
477:
470:
468:
466:
464:
462:
460:
458:
456:
454:
450:
443:
439:
436:
434:
431:
430:
426:
424:
417:
415:
413:
409:
404:
400:
398:
393:
389:
385:
381:
377:
373:
368:
366:
360:
358:
352:
348:
346:
340:
333:
330:
322:
318:
315:
312:
309:
305:
301:
297:
293:
289:
286:
283:
279:
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
257:
254:
250:
246:
242:
239:
236:
232:
228:
224:
220:
217:
214:
210:
207:
204:
200:
196:
193:
190:
186:
182:
179:
178:
177:
175:
171:
167:
163:
159:
150:
142:
135:
130:
127:
124:
121:
118:
115:
112:
109:
105:
102:
101:
100:
97:
95:
91:
87:
83:
75:
73:
71:
67:
63:
59:
55:
52:is a type of
42:
35:
34:
28:
22:
2844:Tsurara-onna
2347:Onihitokuchi
2337:
2300:Kijo/Onibaba
2291:Ibaraki-dōji
1983:Kuda-gitsune
1646:Hito-gitsune
1003:Hyakki Yagyō
891:
872:
853:
834:
815:
788:
769:
763:
758:『広辞苑』第二版540項
754:
745:
736:
730:
711:
705:
696:
690:
680:
674:
664:
658:
649:
643:
624:
618:
599:
593:
574:
573:草野巧 (1997).
568:
558:
526:
520:
510:
504:
494:
475:
421:
405:
401:
369:
361:
359:and beyond.
357:Shōwa period
353:
349:
341:
337:
227:Ibi district
155:
98:
79:
40:
39:
31:
21:Onibi (film)
3098:Inoue Enryō
3071:Folklorists
2797:Ittan-momen
2779:Boroboroton
2752:Abumi-guchi
2743:Tsukumogami
2575: [
2392:Osakabehime
2327:Shuten-dōji
2237:Oboroguruma
2084:Mokumokuren
2055:Miage-nyūdō
1938:Konaki-jiji
1718:Ishinagenjo
1633: [
1567:Gashadokuro
1491: [
1425:Bake-kujira
1344:Amefurikozō
1236:Abura-akago
1203:Otogi-zōshi
1129:Tawara Tōda
1012:Issun-bōshi
976:Hachikazuki
835:鳥山石燕 画図百鬼夜行
681:鳥山石燕 画図百鬼夜行
665:鳥山石燕 画図百鬼夜行
3113:Categories
3083:Keigo Seki
2806:Kasa-obake
2734:Tsuchinoko
2725:Tsuchigumo
2597:Sunekosuri
2572:Shussebora
2491:Shidaidaka
2482:Shachihoko
2437:Rokurokubi
2383:Ootakemaru
2219:Nyūdō-bōzu
2192:Nurarihyon
2165:Noppera-bō
2037:Mikaribaba
1956:Koromodako
1828:Kasa-obake
1801:Kamaitachi
1621:Hiderigami
1585:Hanako-san
1461:Chimimōryō
1389:Aosaginohi
1156:Uriko-hime
808:References
712:水木しげるの妖怪事典
600:日本民俗文化資料集成
397:suggestion
168:, and the
103:Appearance
94:Mimibukuro
86:Edo period
3033:Yuki-onna
2961:Yamajijii
2853:Tsurubebi
2716:Tōfu-kozō
2518:Shinigami
2500:Shikigami
2473:Sazae-oni
2201:Nure-onna
1947:Korpokkur
1911:Kitsunebi
1673:Hone-onna
1603:Hashihime
1594:Harionago
1522:Funayūrei
1452:Binbōgami
1416:Azukiarai
1326:Amanozako
1317:Amanojaku
1254:Aka Manto
1030:Kasa Jizō
948:Folktales
854:幻想世界の住人たち
837:. 国書刊行会.
816:不知火・人魂・狐火
559:幻想世界の住人たち
476:不知火・人魂・狐火
412:kitsunebi
372:phosphine
329:Kitsunebi
314:Kitsunebi
271:Mibu-dera
251:. In the
174:kitsunebi
3024:Yosuzume
2979:Yamawaro
2970:Yama-uba
2952:Yamabiko
2907:Ushi-oni
2898:Umi zatō
2833:Ungaikyō
2824:Menreiki
2761:Bakezōri
2606:Takaonna
2527:Shiranui
2446:Samebito
2410:Otoroshi
2309:Kidōmaru
2210:Nurikabe
2183:Nuppeppō
2156:Noderabō
2129:Namahage
2102:Mononoke
2010:Kuzunoha
1965:Kotobuki
1900:Hakuzōsu
1864:Kijimuna
1855:Keukegen
1810:Kamikiri
1790:Nekomata
1781:Bakeneko
1754:Jorōgumo
1745:Jinmenju
1736:Janjanbi
1630:Hinezumi
1531:Furaribi
1488:Dorotabō
1479:Dodomeki
1407:Ayakashi
1272:Akashita
1084:Oto-hime
1066:Momotarō
1057:Kurozuka
985:Hakuzōsu
737:綜合日本民俗語彙
433:Hitodama
427:See also
408:hitodama
298:(later,
215:appears.
166:janjanbi
162:koemonbi
158:shiranui
62:folklore
2934:Wanyūdō
2889:Umibōzu
2871:Ubagabi
2563:Shōkera
2536:Shirime
2509:Shikome
2356:Onikuma
2273:Ōmukade
2075:Mizuchi
1929:Komainu
1891:Kitsune
1846:Kawauso
1763:Jubokko
1727:Isonade
1709:Inugami
1682:Hyōsube
1612:Hibagon
1380:Aonyōbō
1362:Amikiri
1353:Ameonna
1308:Aoandon
1281:Akateko
1263:Akaname
1039:Kintarō
770:火の玉を見たか
376:methane
308:hishaku
274:period.
223:Ibigawa
107:meters.
76:Outline
58:legends
30:Onibi (
2997:Yobuko
2988:Yanari
2698:Tenome
2689:Tennin
2615:Tanuki
2588:Sōjōbō
2545:Shiryō
2464:Satori
2455:Sankai
2374:Ōnyūdō
2147:Ningyo
2138:Namazu
2120:Mujina
2093:Momiji
2066:Misaki
2028:Mazoku
2001:Kumiho
1920:Kodama
1873:Kinoko
1772:Kaibyō
1700:Ikuchi
1691:Ikiryō
1558:Gagoze
1513:Enenra
1504:Dragon
1371:Aobōzu
1299:Amabie
898:
879:
873:和漢三才図会
860:
841:
822:
796:
776:
718:
631:
606:
581:
575:幻想動物事典
495:和漢三才図会
384:plasma
304:Nantan
302:, now
300:Miyama
164:, the
160:, the
110:Number
68:" or "
3051:Yūrei
3015:Yōsei
3006:Yōkai
2925:Waira
2880:Ubume
2707:Tesso
2680:Tengu
2579:]
2554:Shōjō
2428:Raijū
2401:Osaki
2365:Onryō
2338:Onibi
2264:Okubi
2255:Okiku
2228:Obake
2111:Mōryō
2019:Kyubi
1992:Kudan
1882:Kirin
1837:Kasha
1819:Kappa
1637:]
1576:Goryō
1495:]
1443:Basan
1290:Akuma
1185:Texts
800:p.186
697:新御伽婢子
444:Notes
418:Other
263:Kyoto
235:Meiji
213:yōkai
194:Igebo
185:Kōchi
170:tenka
136:Types
41:Onibi
2943:Yako
2916:Uwan
2419:Ouni
2246:Oiwa
1540:Fūri
1434:Baku
896:ISBN
877:ISBN
858:ISBN
839:ISBN
820:ISBN
794:ISBN
774:ISBN
716:ISBN
650:旅と伝説
629:ISBN
625:妖怪談義
604:ISBN
579:ISBN
410:and
128:Heat
2671:Ten
2282:Oni
2174:Nue
247:by
56:in
3115::
2577:ja
1635:ja
1493:ja
892:耳嚢
535:^
511:耳嚢
485:^
452:^
294:,
229:,
225:,
201:,
187:,
47:鬼火
932:e
925:t
918:v
904:.
885:.
866:.
847:.
828:.
782:.
724:.
637:.
612:.
587:.
205:.
44:(
36:)
23:.
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