277:. Carmichael denied the charge saying "we feel the Jews are trying to stir up hate this way to sell their Israel bonds." In October, the press reported that anti-Semitic leaflets were being distributed recruiting 14- to 21-year-olds to the right-wing "Canada Youth Corps" where they could be trained in explosives and weapons. The leaflets featured photographs of Carmichael and Stanley and promoted meetings at the Social Credit Action headquarters. Carmichael denied any knowledge of the leaflets or the Canada Youth Corps, and dissociated himself from Stanley. Carmichael and Beattie clashed in the press in April 1965 after Beattie announced the formation of the Canadian Nazi Party announcing that he intended to recruit the "snivelling cowards" in Carmichael's Social Credit movement. Carmichael accused Beattie of trying to discredit his party.
415:, the party was defunct though Turmel still claimed to be a "Social Credit" candidate in at least one provincial by-election in the late 1980s. Turmel attempted to create a new Social Credit Party of Ontario in the mid-1980s but was unable to meet the criteria in place at that time for the registration of new political parties which included filing a petition signed by 10,000 qualified voters.
239:. Audy accused the Ontario Social Credit Association of being dominated by Protestant clergyman who were prejudiced against Caouette because he was a Catholic. Richard Day, a spokesperson for the official Social Credit League of Ontario derided the views of Social Credit Action as being "anti-Semitic, economic trash and hypocritical".
216:
subsequent meeting, he said that his comments were "indiscreet", that had he known he was going to be quoted he would have "cloaked them in nice phrases", and accused the Jews of persecuting him for his remarks, blaming a reporter with a Jewish-sounding name for quoting him. In the same meeting
Carmichael declared that
178:
In 1963, the party split into two factions. "Social Credit Action" was established by Neil
Carmichael, a stamp and coin dealer, who was chosen the group's leader, Carmichael's membership in the Ontario Social Credit Party had not been renewed after he made anti-Semitic statements. Other founders of
121:
Like Even's group, the Union rejected the party system and ran not as a partisan political party but as a citizen's organization compelling their elected representatives to represent the will of the people. Like the Quebec-based Union, it also believed in a more orthodox application of social credit
215:
of the New
Democratic Party accused Social Credit of "harbouring anti-Semites" and stated that "Carmichael is only a symptom. The disease goes much deeper." Carmichael denied he was anti-Semitic saying "I am not anti-Semitic.... I have many Jewish friends.... Many of my customers are Jewish." At a
210:
through non-Jewish third party operatives, and that the family was part of an international Jewish conspiracy to take over all of Canada's businesses. Carmichael was cautioned by the Social Credit Party of
Ontario that he was "skating on thin ice" and would not be permitted to stand as a candidate
313:. As a result, the party was put under trusteeship at the instigation of the federal party which declared membership in the Western Guard to be "incompatible" with membership in Social Credit. The federal Social Credit Party disavowed the Social Credit Association of Ontario led by
351:
was convicted of plotting to bomb the
Israeli basketball team and was forced to sever his ties with the Western Guard freeing the way for John Ross Taylor to become the group's leader. He folded his Social Credit Association and became leader of the renamed Western Guard Party.
324:, the "Ontario Social Credit League", led by Alcide Hamelin, fielded 12 candidates, mostly in rural areas, but they were not officially recognized as such as the party did not run enough candidates or otherwise qualify for official party status under the newly passed
264:
was running", the splinter group disassociated itself from Taylor on the eve of the election and he instead ran as a "Natural Order of Social Credit
Organization" candidate. Audy was announced by Caouette as his Ontario lieutenant but did not end up running in the
220:'s economic system was "a very good and sound system of money" and that the Nazis "had it all figured out so that there was no unemployment." Carmichael's Social Credit membership was not renewed prior to his formation of Social Credit Action.
308:
three of five Social Credit candidates running in the election were avowed "Burkers". The party had no identified leader, but Fromm acted as its media spokesman. By 1972, the party had been taken over by the EBS which now called itself the
256:, while the official party, leaderless since the resignation of Philip Kelly the previous year, nominated only three candidates in rural ridings. The Social Credit Action candidates included Carmichael, Audy, Hartman and fascist
371:
In
October 1981, the Ontario Social Credit Party conducted a leadership convention. The eleven delegates, who represented about 100 party members throughout the province, elected former Toronto mayoral candidate
272:
Subsequently, Carmichael was accused of allowing the Social Credit Action headquarters to become a meeting place and organizing centre for neo-Nazis disseminating anti-Semitic material, such as David
Stanley and
122:
economic theory and was more openly anti-Semitic. In
October 1947, the Ontario Social Credit League held an emergency convention which repudiated Gostick and the Union for infringing the League's rights.
407:
in federal, provincial, and municipal elections. However, under her leadership, the party failed to run candidates for the
Ontario legislature in any subsequent election and eventually became inactive.
2035:
284:, Social Credit Action had disappeared. The official Social Credit party had elected Wilmer F. Trefold as its new leader in October 1963, the month after the provincial election. In November 1966,
1814:
1497:
Elected: PCs, 51; NDP, 38; Lib, 36: AFTER 30 YEARS, TORY MINORITY Lewis will head official Opposition Williamson, Robert. The Globe and Mail (1936-Current); Toronto, Ont. 19 Sep 1975: C1.
2363:
1488:
725 seats in legislature: Record 454 candidates nominated for 125 Ontario seats The Globe and Mail (1936-Current); Sep 5, 1975; ProQuest Historical Newspapers: The Globe and Mail pg. 40
2368:
328:. while the "Social Credit Association of Ontario" ran three candidates as independents in Metro Toronto who were disavowed by the League as supporters of the Western Guard. In the
400:
340:
co-endorsed by the Western Guard though because the party was not officially registered with Elections Canada their federal candidates were officially listed as independents.
2028:
1506:
Leader didn't know: Socreds don't qualify as a party for election The Globe and Mail (1936-Current); Aug 14, 1975; ProQuest Historical Newspapers: The Globe and Mail pg. 4
163:
142:
Both parties then went dormant running no candidates in the 1951 or 1955 provincial elections, though Mel Rowat ran as an "Independent Social Credit" candidate in 1955 in
2120:
1529:
211:
again. His promise that a Social Credit government would pay each Canadian $ 5,000 worth of goods and services was derided by the Ontario party as "irresponsible".
2205:
2021:
150:
the Social Credit party ran five candidates under the leadership of Edgar Shipley Birrell. Birrell, a Toronto furrier, Social Credit member since 1944, and
194:
Carmichael, 45, a five-time federal Socred candidate, had been the focus of controversy earlier that year when he was a federal Social Credit candidate in
2327:
1970:
2060:
1980:
1672:
243:
155:
108:, a far right propagandist, established the Union of Electors as a rival organization inspired by the more radical Quebec social credit organization,
2358:
2156:
143:
2210:
1618:
1423:
1768:
1712:
2044:
1732:
1657:
1441:
78:
Social Credit appears to have been inactive in Ontario until 1945 when eight candidates stood in the province for the federal party in the
317:
of the Western Guard and instead recognized the "Ontario Social Credit League", established in 1973 under the leadership of Bruce Arnold.
1401:"Social Credit still backs Matrai and say the party will support him", Toronto Daily Star (1900-1971); Toronto, Ontario. 19 Oct 1971: 69.
1304:
2215:
2171:
2115:
1788:
1742:
1591:
51:
2322:
444:
195:
159:
2235:
1809:
1778:
212:
1804:
368:
claimed to be the interim leader of the Ontario Social Credit Party during the campaign running 5 candidates in the Ottawa area.
2052:
1644:
1576:
59:
2296:
1065:
473:
329:
297:
266:
79:
1252:
1154:
1819:
1727:
1581:
1018:
985:
948:
915:
879:
828:
794:
758:
725:
655:
622:
589:
554:
495:
489:
469:
459:
449:
430:
424:
412:
396:
361:
344:
321:
305:
281:
253:
232:
184:
147:
126:
83:
63:
376:
as their new leader in a vote of 7 to 1 with 3 spoiled ballots. McBride was a Nova Scotia-born ordained minister in the
2271:
2066:
1682:
1652:
337:
188:
154:
town councillor from 1955 to 1960 had been elected party leader in February 1959, and stood as the party's candidate in
2276:
2266:
1763:
1758:
1722:
1611:
249:
2291:
2187:
2107:
1697:
261:
228:
2250:
2245:
2151:
2141:
1702:
146:. The federal party continued to run candidates in Ontario during federal elections throughout the 1950s. In the
2136:
1370:"Socreds plan to seek seats in Ontario vote", Toronto Daily Star (1900-1971); Toronto, Ontario. 18 Apr 1967: 4.
387:
denomination. She vowed to run the party "on Christian principles". At various times, McBride ran for mayor of
1707:
2281:
2220:
1692:
2179:
2161:
2146:
2081:
1993:
1975:
1687:
1667:
1604:
1534:
1209:
392:
2072:
301:
1379:"Socreds to field 10-15 candidates", Toronto Daily Star (1900-1971); Toronto, Ontario. 20 Sep 1967: 3.
1859:
1773:
274:
179:
the splinter group were James Audy, an accountant, who became party president, and David Hartman of
170:, was elected the party's leader in March 1962 but quit several months later over a policy dispute.
2230:
2225:
1717:
404:
310:
110:
1904:
1539:
236:
1131:"Ontario Socreds Pick Chief", Toronto Daily Star (1900-1971); Toronto, Ontario. 15 Oct 1963: 32.
288:
was elected leader and he led the party in the 1967 election, in which it ran seven candidates.
2125:
2093:
1944:
1677:
377:
347:
and several candidates ran as "Independent Social Credit". Also in 1977, Western Guard leader
203:
199:
131:
104:
The official Ontario Social Credit League was headed by John J. Fitzgerald and William Ovens.
360:
Reg Gervais was leader of the Ontario Social Credit Party in 1981 and announced prior to the
2102:
1874:
1869:
1854:
1839:
1783:
480:
314:
257:
224:
17:
2240:
2013:
2000:
1844:
373:
47:
1066:
Social Discredit: Anti-Semitism, Social Credit and the Jewish Response by Janine Stingel
2317:
1919:
1914:
884:
463:
285:
136:
90:
2352:
2166:
1929:
1909:
1899:
1879:
1849:
1627:
333:
67:
1949:
1934:
1662:
384:
235:
in September 1963, while the official party remained loyal to federal party leader
217:
183:. The group was formed when the official party refused to actively campaign in the
167:
94:
135:
ran fifteen candidates. The Ontario Union of Electors was accused by the Toronto
2312:
1954:
1894:
1889:
1864:
1586:
660:
499:
434:
381:
365:
348:
105:
98:
1939:
1924:
1884:
115:
58:
from the 1940s to the early 1970s. The party never won any seats in the
2341:
indicate parties represented in the legislature but not yet registered.
388:
180:
151:
55:
207:
1428:
The Heritage Front Affair: Report to the Solicitor General of Canada
1115:"Candidates Who Will Contest Toronto and York Ridings on June 11",
364:
that he planned to run in Nickel Belt, but did not follow through.
304:
as the party's president and other EBSers to the executive. In the
1090:
Toronto Daily Star (1900-1971); Toronto, Ontario. 01 Apr 1958: 8.
455:
October 1963 — 1966 Wilmer F. Trefold (Social Credit Association)
89:
In 1946, the Ontario Social Credit movement split as a result of
1596:
2017:
1600:
1306:
Delayed Impact: The Holocaust and the Canadian Jewish Community
260:. However, when it was reported that "the former leader of the
187:. Audy had been the federal Social Credit Party's candidate in
1344:"Rightist Sheet Seeks Youths for Training in Use of Weapons",
129:, the official Social Credit League ran no candidates but the
82:. The Ontario Social Credit party ran three candidates in the
427:- John J. Fitzgerald and William Ovens (Social Credit League)
395:
in the early 1980s, and sought the leadership of the federal
1815:
Social Credit Party of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
483:(Social Credit Association, disavowed by federal party)
139:
of "disseminating racial hatred in its crudest form."
1077:"Toronto Civic Jobs Closed To Some Races, TLC Told",
343:
The Social Credit League ran seven candidates in the
2305:
2259:
2196:
2091:
2051:
1963:
1832:
1797:
1751:
1643:
1636:
1439:The League for Human Rights of B'nai Brith Canada,
1204:
1202:
476:(Social Credit Association president and spokesman)
198:. He asserted at a public meeting that there was a
1318:"15 named hate-mongers By Jewish Congress chief",
332:, the Ontario Social Credit Association endorsed
248:Social Credit Action nominated six candidates in
1167:"Nineteen Socreds Pick Three Metro Candidates",
158:Birrell remained party leader until March 1962.
2364:Defunct provincial political parties in Ontario
1564:(1900-1971); Toronto, Ontario. 15 Oct 1963: 32.
1140:"Splinter Group Gives Top Spot To Carmichael",
486:1973—1975 - Bruce Arnold (Social Credit League)
2369:Defunct far-right political parties in Canada
2029:
1612:
8:
1410:"Ontario Socreds may have violated bylaws",
1357:"Nazis say they've been targets of taunts",
1530:"Socred 6th candidate in Central Nova race"
1515:"123 candidates seeking Metro's 29 seats",
1291:"Now Socred Splinter Party is Splintered",
27:Defunct Canadian provincial political party
2036:
2022:
2014:
1640:
1619:
1605:
1597:
1192:"Jews Have Designs on Mines: Carmichael",
513:
1981:Social Credit Party of Canada split, 1963
1673:Committee on Monetary and Economic Reform
1453:
1451:
1388:"366 hopefuls file papers for election",
244:Social Credit Party of Canada split, 1963
206:were plotting to acquire all of Canada's
1127:
1125:
401:1982 Social Credit leadership convention
2045:Provincial political parties in Ontario
1971:1937 Social Credit backbenchers' revolt
1442:The Heritage Front: Into the mainstream
1221:
1219:
1058:
492:- Alcide Hamelin (Social Credit League)
2133:Freedom of Choice, Peace & Justice
1471:
1469:
1467:
1424:Security Intelligence Review Committee
1278:"Nominations split Social Crediters",
1098:
1096:
1769:Democratic Labour Party (New Zealand)
300:(EBS) infiltrated the party electing
7:
2206:Co-operative Commonwealth Federation
1733:Social Credit Party of New Brunswick
1658:British Columbia Social Credit Party
296:In the early 1970s, the radical the
40:Social Credit Association of Ontario
1789:Solomon Islands Social Credit Party
1743:Social Credit Party of Saskatchewan
1102:"Scarboro is most populous riding",
452:- James Audy (Social Credit Action)
1225:"Cautioned After Socred Inquiry",
326:Election Finances Reform Act, 1975
25:
2236:Protestant Protective Association
2176:People's Progressive Common Front
1810:Irish Monetary Reform Association
1779:Social Credit Party (New Zealand)
1592:List of Ontario political parties
1265:"Ontario Socreds Back Thompson",
505:October 1981—1982 Anne C. McBride
502:who claimed to be interim leader)
440:1959—1962 - Edgar Shipley Birrell
191:riding in the previous election.
1475:"Socreds disavow 3 candidates",
1430:, section 7.1, December 9, 1994.
2359:Social credit parties in Canada
1713:Ralliement créditiste du Québec
1577:Canadian social credit movement
1331:"Deny hate-mongering charges",
223:Social Credit Action supported
74:1940s and 1950s and early 1960s
60:Legislative Assembly of Ontario
50:at the provincial level in the
2199:represented in the legislature
1820:Social Credit Party of Ireland
1738:Social Credit Party of Ontario
1560:"Ontario Socreds Pick Chief",
362:March 1981 provincial election
32:Social Credit Party of Ontario
1:
1728:Social Credit Party of Canada
1582:Social Credit Party of Canada
1309:by Frank Bialystock, page 124
397:Social Credit Party of Canada
233:Social Credit Party of Canada
166:in the Ontario government of
70:theories of monetary reform.
64:Social Credit Party of Canada
62:. It was affiliated with the
1683:Manitoba Social Credit Party
1653:Abolitionist Party of Canada
36:Ontario Social Credit League
1764:Country Party (New Zealand)
1759:Australian League of Rights
1723:Alberta Social Credit Party
1542:. 2 August 1983. p. B1
1043:
1028:
1025:
1009:
994:
991:
976:
961:
958:
939:
924:
921:
906:
891:
888:
870:
847:
844:
841:(Social Credit Association)
819:
804:
801:
785:
767:
764:
762:
749:
734:
731:
729:
716:
684:
673:
646:
631:
628:
626:
613:
598:
595:
593:
563:
560:
558:
498:- Reg Gervais (disputed by
466:(Social Credit Association)
18:Ontario Social Credit Party
2385:
2188:Stop the New Sex-Ed Agenda
1457:"Fallout shelters urged",
1238:"Truth and Indiscretion",
1031:
997:
964:
927:
894:
850:
807:
770:
737:
696:
634:
601:
566:
292:Fascist takeover and split
262:Canadian Union of Fascists
241:
229:Ralliement des creditistes
34:(SCPO) (also known as the
2336:
2306:Pre-confederation parties
2172:People with Special Needs
1989:
1703:Pilgrims of Saint Michael
1253:"FindArticles.com | CBSi"
1210:"FindArticles.com | CBSi"
1183:, 23 September 1963, p.9.
1155:"FindArticles.com | CBSi"
1017:
984:
947:
914:
878:
827:
793:
757:
724:
654:
621:
588:
553:
548:
545:
540:
535:
530:
525:
522:
519:
2260:Other historical parties
2121:Confederation of Regions
2061:Progressive Conservative
413:1985 provincial election
391:, tried to form her own
345:1977 provincial election
306:1971 provincial election
282:1967 provincial election
254:1963 provincial election
185:1963 provincial election
148:1959 provincial election
127:1948 provincial election
93:'s growing hostility to
84:1945 provincial election
1698:Parti crédit social uni
1693:Pauper Party of Ontario
1976:Prosperity certificate
1805:British People's Party
1668:Christian Credit Party
955:(Social Credit League)
835:(Social Credit Action)
670:(Social Credit League)
393:United Party of Canada
1708:Ralliement créditiste
1479:, September 10, 1975.
330:1974 federal election
322:1975 Ontario election
267:1965 federal election
80:1945 federal election
2053:Legislative Assembly
1860:John Horne Blackmore
1774:Douglas Credit Party
1519:, September 12, 1975
1295:, September 25, 1963
1081:, September 16, 1949
1047:Extra-parliamentary
1013:Extra-parliamentary
980:Extra-parliamentary
943:Extra-parliamentary
910:Extra-parliamentary
874:Extra-parliamentary
823:Extra-parliamentary
789:Extra-parliamentary
753:Extra-parliamentary
720:Extra-parliamentary
650:Extra-parliamentary
617:Extra-parliamentary
584:Extra-parliamentary
298:Edmund Burke Society
2328:Reform (Baldwinite)
2231:Patrons of Industry
2226:Liberal-Progressive
2197:Historical parties
1718:Social Credit Board
1348:, December 21, 1964
799:E. Shipley Birrell
664:(Union of Electors)
516:
437:(Union of Electors)
405:perennial candidate
111:Union des electeurs
2323:Reform (Mackenzie)
1905:Robert A. Heinlein
1562:Toronto Daily Star
1392:, October 5, 1967.
1359:Toronto Daily Star
1333:Toronto Daily Star
1320:Toronto Daily Star
1293:Toronto Daily Star
1269:, October 12, 1963
1169:Toronto Daily Star
1079:Toronto Daily Star
514:
336:as a candidate in
252:in Toronto in the
237:Robert N. Thompson
2346:
2345:
2216:Labor-Progressive
2157:None of the Above
2108:Canadians' Choice
2011:
2010:
1945:Manasseh Sogavare
1828:
1827:
1282:, August 30, 1963
1171:, August 20, 1963
1144:, August 21, 1963
1051:
1050:
1041:
1007:
974:
956:
937:
904:
868:
859:
854:
842:
836:
817:
783:
774:
747:
714:
705:
700:
694:
688:
682:
677:
671:
665:
644:
611:
576:
515:Election results
378:Assemblies of God
227:when he took his
200:Jewish conspiracy
164:minister of mines
132:Union of Electors
101:in the movement.
52:Canadian province
44:Union of Electors
16:(Redirected from
2376:
2267:Family Coalition
2162:Northern Ontario
2130:Electoral Reform
2038:
2031:
2024:
2015:
2003:
1996:
1875:Vernon Cracknell
1855:W. A. C. Bennett
1840:William Aberhart
1784:Social Credit-NZ
1641:
1630:
1621:
1614:
1607:
1598:
1565:
1558:
1552:
1551:
1549:
1547:
1526:
1520:
1513:
1507:
1504:
1498:
1495:
1489:
1486:
1480:
1473:
1462:
1455:
1446:
1437:
1431:
1421:
1415:
1408:
1402:
1399:
1393:
1386:
1380:
1377:
1371:
1368:
1362:
1361:, April 22, 1965
1355:
1349:
1342:
1336:
1335:, April 10, 1964
1329:
1323:
1322:, April 10, 1964
1316:
1310:
1302:
1296:
1289:
1283:
1276:
1270:
1263:
1257:
1256:
1249:
1243:
1242:, March 23, 1963
1236:
1230:
1229:, March 11, 1963
1223:
1214:
1213:
1206:
1197:
1190:
1184:
1178:
1172:
1165:
1159:
1158:
1151:
1145:
1138:
1132:
1129:
1120:
1113:
1107:
1100:
1091:
1088:
1082:
1075:
1069:
1063:
1039:
1035:
1005:
1001:
972:
968:
954:
935:
931:
902:
898:
866:
862:
857:
852:
840:
834:
815:
811:
781:
777:
773:(Independent SC)
772:
745:
741:
712:
708:
703:
698:
692:
686:
680:
675:
669:
663:
642:
638:
609:
605:
574:
570:
517:
510:Election results
481:John Ross Taylor
458:November 1966 —
315:John Ross Taylor
258:John Ross Taylor
21:
2384:
2383:
2379:
2378:
2377:
2375:
2374:
2373:
2349:
2348:
2347:
2342:
2332:
2301:
2297:Socialist-Labor
2255:
2198:
2192:
2087:
2078:Independent (6)
2047:
2042:
2012:
2007:
2001:
1994:
1985:
1959:
1845:Lavern Ahlstrom
1824:
1793:
1747:
1632:
1628:
1625:
1573:
1568:
1559:
1555:
1545:
1543:
1528:
1527:
1523:
1514:
1510:
1505:
1501:
1496:
1492:
1487:
1483:
1474:
1465:
1461:, June 13, 1974
1456:
1449:
1438:
1434:
1422:
1418:
1414:, April 5, 1972
1409:
1405:
1400:
1396:
1387:
1383:
1378:
1374:
1369:
1365:
1356:
1352:
1343:
1339:
1330:
1326:
1317:
1313:
1303:
1299:
1290:
1286:
1277:
1273:
1264:
1260:
1251:
1250:
1246:
1237:
1233:
1224:
1217:
1208:
1207:
1200:
1196:, March 6, 1963
1191:
1187:
1179:
1175:
1166:
1162:
1153:
1152:
1148:
1139:
1135:
1130:
1123:
1119:, June 10, 1959
1114:
1110:
1106:, June 13, 1962
1101:
1094:
1089:
1085:
1076:
1072:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1040:
1037:
1006:
1003:
973:
970:
953:Alcide Hamelin
936:
933:
903:
900:
867:
864:
858:(SCAssociation)
855:
838:
816:
813:
782:
779:
746:
743:
713:
710:
701:
690:
678:
667:
643:
640:
610:
607:
575:
572:
542:
538:candidates run
537:
532:
527:
512:
421:
374:Anne C. McBride
358:
294:
246:
176:
76:
48:political party
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2382:
2380:
2372:
2371:
2366:
2361:
2351:
2350:
2344:
2343:
2337:
2334:
2333:
2331:
2330:
2325:
2320:
2318:Family Compact
2315:
2309:
2307:
2303:
2302:
2300:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2284:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2263:
2261:
2257:
2256:
2254:
2253:
2251:United Farmers
2248:
2243:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2223:
2221:Liberal-Labour
2218:
2213:
2208:
2202:
2200:
2194:
2193:
2191:
2190:
2185:
2184:Public Benefit
2182:
2177:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2139:
2134:
2131:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2113:
2110:
2105:
2099:
2097:
2089:
2088:
2086:
2085:
2079:
2076:
2070:
2067:New Democratic
2064:
2057:
2055:
2049:
2048:
2043:
2041:
2040:
2033:
2026:
2018:
2009:
2008:
2006:
2005:
1998:
1990:
1987:
1986:
1984:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1967:
1965:
1961:
1960:
1958:
1957:
1952:
1947:
1942:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1922:
1920:Ernest Manning
1917:
1915:Solon Earl Low
1912:
1907:
1902:
1897:
1892:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1872:
1867:
1862:
1857:
1852:
1847:
1842:
1836:
1834:
1830:
1829:
1826:
1825:
1823:
1822:
1817:
1812:
1807:
1801:
1799:
1795:
1794:
1792:
1791:
1786:
1781:
1776:
1771:
1766:
1761:
1755:
1753:
1749:
1748:
1746:
1745:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1720:
1715:
1710:
1705:
1700:
1695:
1690:
1685:
1680:
1678:Les DĂ©mocrates
1675:
1670:
1665:
1660:
1655:
1649:
1647:
1638:
1634:
1633:
1626:
1624:
1623:
1616:
1609:
1601:
1595:
1594:
1589:
1584:
1579:
1572:
1569:
1567:
1566:
1553:
1521:
1508:
1499:
1490:
1481:
1477:Globe and Mail
1463:
1447:
1432:
1416:
1412:Globe and Mail
1403:
1394:
1390:Globe and Mail
1381:
1372:
1363:
1350:
1346:Globe and Mail
1337:
1324:
1311:
1297:
1284:
1280:Globe and Mail
1271:
1267:Globe and Mail
1258:
1244:
1240:Globe and Mail
1231:
1227:Globe and Mail
1215:
1198:
1194:Globe and Mail
1185:
1181:Globe and Mail
1173:
1160:
1146:
1142:Globe and Mail
1133:
1121:
1117:Globe and Mail
1108:
1104:Globe and Mail
1092:
1083:
1070:
1057:
1055:
1052:
1049:
1048:
1045:
1042:
1036:
1033:
1030:
1027:
1024:
1021:
1015:
1014:
1011:
1008:
1002:
999:
996:
993:
990:
988:
982:
981:
978:
975:
969:
966:
963:
960:
957:
951:
945:
944:
941:
938:
932:
929:
926:
923:
920:
918:
912:
911:
908:
905:
899:
896:
893:
890:
887:
885:Harvey Lainson
882:
876:
875:
872:
869:
863:
860:
849:
846:
843:
831:
825:
824:
821:
818:
812:
809:
806:
803:
800:
797:
791:
790:
787:
784:
778:
775:
769:
766:
763:
761:
755:
754:
751:
748:
742:
739:
736:
733:
730:
728:
722:
721:
718:
715:
709:
706:
695:
683:
672:
658:
652:
651:
648:
645:
639:
636:
633:
630:
627:
625:
619:
618:
615:
612:
606:
603:
600:
597:
594:
592:
586:
585:
582:
577:
571:
568:
565:
562:
559:
557:
551:
550:
547:
544:
539:
534:
533:overall total
529:
528:overall votes
524:
521:
520:Election year
511:
508:
507:
506:
503:
493:
487:
484:
477:
467:
464:Harvey Lainson
456:
453:
447:
441:
438:
428:
420:
417:
357:
354:
293:
290:
286:Harvey Lainson
175:
172:
137:Labour Council
91:Ernest Manning
75:
72:
46:) was a minor
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2381:
2370:
2367:
2365:
2362:
2360:
2357:
2356:
2354:
2340:
2335:
2329:
2326:
2324:
2321:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2310:
2308:
2304:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2287:Social Credit
2285:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2264:
2262:
2258:
2252:
2249:
2247:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2203:
2201:
2195:
2189:
2186:
2183:
2181:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2167:Ontario Party
2165:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2090:
2083:
2080:
2077:
2074:
2071:
2068:
2065:
2062:
2059:
2058:
2056:
2054:
2050:
2046:
2039:
2034:
2032:
2027:
2025:
2020:
2019:
2016:
2004:
1999:
1997:
1992:
1991:
1988:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1968:
1966:
1962:
1956:
1953:
1951:
1948:
1946:
1943:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1930:Neil Morrison
1928:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1910:Norman Jaques
1908:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1900:John Hargrave
1898:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1880:C. H. Douglas
1878:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1870:RĂ©al Caouette
1868:
1866:
1863:
1861:
1858:
1856:
1853:
1851:
1850:Bruce Beetham
1848:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1837:
1835:
1831:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1803:
1802:
1800:
1796:
1790:
1787:
1785:
1782:
1780:
1777:
1775:
1772:
1770:
1767:
1765:
1762:
1760:
1757:
1756:
1754:
1750:
1744:
1741:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1709:
1706:
1704:
1701:
1699:
1696:
1694:
1691:
1689:
1688:New Democracy
1686:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1661:
1659:
1656:
1654:
1651:
1650:
1648:
1646:
1642:
1639:
1635:
1631:
1629:Social Credit
1622:
1617:
1615:
1610:
1608:
1603:
1602:
1599:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1583:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1574:
1570:
1563:
1557:
1554:
1541:
1537:
1536:
1531:
1525:
1522:
1518:
1512:
1509:
1503:
1500:
1494:
1491:
1485:
1482:
1478:
1472:
1470:
1468:
1464:
1460:
1454:
1452:
1448:
1445:
1443:
1436:
1433:
1429:
1425:
1420:
1417:
1413:
1407:
1404:
1398:
1395:
1391:
1385:
1382:
1376:
1373:
1367:
1364:
1360:
1354:
1351:
1347:
1341:
1338:
1334:
1328:
1325:
1321:
1315:
1312:
1308:
1307:
1301:
1298:
1294:
1288:
1285:
1281:
1275:
1272:
1268:
1262:
1259:
1254:
1248:
1245:
1241:
1235:
1232:
1228:
1222:
1220:
1216:
1211:
1205:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1189:
1186:
1182:
1177:
1174:
1170:
1164:
1161:
1156:
1150:
1147:
1143:
1137:
1134:
1128:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1112:
1109:
1105:
1099:
1097:
1093:
1087:
1084:
1080:
1074:
1071:
1068:page 154-155.
1067:
1062:
1059:
1053:
1046:
1034:
1022:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1000:
989:
987:
983:
979:
967:
952:
950:
946:
942:
930:
919:
917:
913:
909:
897:
886:
883:
881:
877:
873:
861:
832:
830:
826:
822:
810:
798:
796:
792:
788:
776:
760:
756:
752:
740:
727:
723:
719:
707:
662:
659:
657:
653:
649:
637:
624:
620:
616:
604:
591:
587:
583:
581:
578:
569:
556:
552:
518:
509:
504:
501:
497:
496:1981 election
494:
491:
490:1975 election
488:
485:
482:
478:
475:
471:
470:1971 election
468:
465:
461:
460:1967 election
457:
454:
451:
450:1963 election
448:
446:
442:
439:
436:
432:
431:1948 election
429:
426:
425:1945 election
423:
422:
418:
416:
414:
409:
406:
402:
398:
394:
390:
386:
383:
379:
375:
369:
367:
363:
355:
353:
350:
346:
341:
339:
335:
334:Martin Weiche
331:
327:
323:
318:
316:
312:
311:Western Guard
307:
303:
299:
291:
289:
287:
283:
278:
276:
270:
268:
263:
259:
255:
251:
245:
240:
238:
234:
230:
226:
225:RĂ©al Caouette
221:
219:
214:
209:
205:
202:in which the
201:
197:
192:
190:
186:
182:
173:
171:
169:
165:
161:
157:
153:
149:
145:
140:
138:
134:
133:
128:
123:
119:
117:
113:
112:
107:
102:
100:
96:
92:
87:
85:
81:
73:
71:
69:
68:social credit
66:and espoused
65:
61:
57:
53:
49:
45:
41:
37:
33:
19:
2338:
2286:
1950:Ken Sweigard
1935:Al Overfield
1737:
1663:Canada Party
1561:
1556:
1546:25 September
1544:. Retrieved
1533:
1524:
1517:Toronto Star
1516:
1511:
1502:
1493:
1484:
1476:
1459:Toronto Star
1458:
1440:
1435:
1427:
1419:
1411:
1406:
1397:
1389:
1384:
1375:
1366:
1358:
1353:
1345:
1340:
1332:
1327:
1319:
1314:
1305:
1300:
1292:
1287:
1279:
1274:
1266:
1261:
1247:
1239:
1234:
1226:
1193:
1188:
1180:
1176:
1168:
1163:
1149:
1141:
1136:
1116:
1111:
1103:
1086:
1078:
1073:
1061:
1023:Reg Gervais
579:
479:1972—1977 -
445:Philip Kelly
410:
403:, and was a
370:
359:
342:
325:
319:
295:
279:
275:John Beattie
271:
247:
222:
218:Adolf Hitler
193:
177:
168:Leslie Frost
160:Philip Kelly
141:
130:
124:
120:
109:
103:
99:anti-Semites
88:
77:
43:
39:
35:
31:
29:
2313:Clear Grits
2272:Natural Law
2142:Libertarian
1955:John Turmel
1895:Ron Gostick
1890:A. N. Field
1865:Eric Butler
1587:John Turmel
1535:The Gazette
833:James Audy
661:Ron Gostick
500:John Turmel
435:Ron Gostick
382:Pentecostal
366:John Turmel
356:Later years
349:Don Andrews
231:out of the
213:David Lewis
204:Rothschilds
174:1963 schism
162:, a former
106:Ron Gostick
95:Douglasites
2353:Categories
2094:recognized
1940:Ezra Pound
1925:Roly Marks
1885:Louis Even
853:(SCAction)
546:+/−
543:seats won
474:Paul Fromm
302:Paul Fromm
242:See also:
196:St. Paul's
116:Louis Even
2292:Socialist
2126:Consensus
2116:Communist
1637:Movements
580:New Party
549:Presence
385:Christian
156:York East
2246:Trillium
2180:Populist
2152:New Blue
2147:Moderate
2112:Centrist
2103:Alliance
2002:Politics
1995:Category
1571:See also
699:(U of E)
676:(U of E)
144:Stormont
42:and the
2339:Italics
2277:Peoples
2241:Soldier
2137:Freedom
2096:parties
2073:Liberal
1964:History
1752:Oceania
1038:0 / 125
1004:0 / 125
971:0 / 125
934:0 / 117
901:0 / 117
865:0 / 108
711:0 / 125
687:(U of E
523:Leader
443:1962 -
419:Leaders
411:By the
399:at the
389:Toronto
338:Trinity
320:In the
280:By the
250:ridings
189:Spadina
181:Toronto
152:Leaside
125:In the
114:led by
56:Ontario
2282:Reform
2211:Labour
2092:Other
1833:People
1798:Europe
1645:Canada
1444:, 1994
1029:0.03%
1026:1,054
995:0.05%
992:1,698
962:0.13%
959:4,146
925:0.04%
922:1,204
892:0.08%
889:1,906
848:0.11%
845:2,313
814:0 / 98
805:0.09%
802:1,740
780:0 / 98
768:0.03%
744:0 / 90
691:0.04%
685:0.52%
674:9,214
641:0 / 90
632:0.05%
608:0 / 90
573:0 / 90
564:0.03%
541:No. of
536:No. of
526:No. of
2082:Green
1054:Notes
839:none
704:(SCL)
693:(SCL)
681:(SCL)
668:none
208:mines
2069:(28)
2063:(79)
1548:2010
1019:1981
986:1977
949:1975
916:1971
880:1967
829:1963
795:1959
765:602
759:1955
726:1951
679:734
656:1948
629:852
623:1945
590:1943
561:528
555:1937
531:% of
380:, a
97:and
30:The
2084:(2)
2075:(9)
965:13
697:13
54:of
38:,
2355::
1540:CP
1538:.
1532:.
1466:^
1450:^
1426:,
1218:^
1201:^
1124:^
1095:^
1044:0
1032:3
1010:0
998:7
977:0
940:0
928:5
907:0
895:7
871:0
856:3
851:6
820:0
808:5
786:0
771:1
750:0
738:0
735:-
732:-
717:0
702:2
647:0
635:3
614:0
602:0
599:-
596:-
567:1
472:-
462:-
433:-
269:.
118:.
86:.
2037:e
2030:t
2023:v
1620:e
1613:t
1606:v
1550:.
1255:.
1212:.
1157:.
837:,
689:)
666:,
20:)
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