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of continued international openness to Guinea's significant mineral, agriculture, and hydro-electric resources. However, relations between the newly independent Guinea and France almost immediately became strained. French colonists in Guinea withdrew from the country as quickly as they could, destroying as much infrastructure as they could in retribution.
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complaints were initially ignored by the French government. However, on 10 May 1960, the
Senegalese police seized a large weapons shipment headed for Guinea - a weapons shipment that had been organised by the French government under Opération Persil. The Senegalese government, headed by Prime Minister
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Despite having declared during the referendum campaign that "Guinea prefers poverty in freedom to riches in slavery," which was seen as a great insult in France, Touré initially attempted to maintain relations with France, stating a desire to remain in the franc zone and assuring businesses in Guinea
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and who had achieved independence from France a month earlier, launched an official investigation into the affair and sent an official complaint to the French government. This time, news of the complaints found more widespread attention in France, and the ensuing diplomatic embarrassment caused the
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reported that "as a warning to other French-speaking territories, the French pulled out of Guinea over a two-month period, taking everything they could with them. They unscrewed light bulbs, removed plans for sewage pipelines in
Conakry, the capital, and even burned medicines rather than leave them
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The ultimate failure of the operation to overthrow the
Guinean government proved a boost for Touré's dictatorial tendencies, who used it as an excuse to clamp down on opposition in Guinea and to spread propaganda of secret conspiracies aiming to undermine Guinea's independence. The operation also
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The resolution was sponsored not by France, but by Iraq and Japan. Actually, France abstained when voting occurred in both the
Security Council and in the Gen- eral Assembly. In statements made by Sekou Touré and others are intimations of an opinion that France seeks to keep Guinea more or less
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and if rejected, the territory would be granted independence. During the referendum campaign, French
President Charles de Gaulle visited Guinea, but was met with a lukewarm reaction. Guinea was one of only two colonies where the major political party campaigned for a "no" vote. The country then
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The SDECE was also to arm opposition figures in Guinea and organise them into paramilitaries that would lead to civil war and the ultimate overthrow of Touré's government. However, the operation suffered a number of leaks and soon the
Guinean was issuing a number of official complaints. Those
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In early 1960, after attempts to repair French-Guinea relations continued to be met with failure, especially on the issue of currency, the
Guinean government created its own central bank and launched an independent currency, the Guinean Franc, pulling Guinea out of the French franc area.
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113:. As the French-produced banknotes proved to be more resistant to the humid Guinean climate than the official banknotes produced in Czechoslovakia, the French government was able to cause significant economic instability.
102:(whose advertising boasted of its ability to wash away dirt). The operation would base itself on two components: causing economic collapse and causing armed insurgencies against the Guinean government.
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for the
Guineans." The French government additionally stopped paying the pensions of Guinean soldiers who had fought for France, and did not support Guinea's accession to the United Nations.
109:(SDECE), based in Senegal, to create large quantities of forged Guinean francs to flood the country with and bring about hyperinflation and economic collapse, similar to the Nazi
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severely affected already-strained relations between France and Guinea - from 1965 to 1975 Touré ended all his government's relations with France, the former colonial power.
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France's main claim arose from Guinea's seizure of French assets; Guinea's stemmed from France's failure to pay pensions owed to
Guinean veterans of the French Army.
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became the only one to reject the offer and opt for immediate independence. On 2 October 1958, Guinea became an independent country under president
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militia, drew up covert plans to destabilise Touré's government, naming it Opération Persil after the popular detergent brand
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324:"La déstabilisation en Afrique : opérations secrètes pour la préservation du "pré carré" africain francophone"
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by the French government aimed at destabilising the post-independence government of
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357:"Série guerre froide (1/6), le fiasco de l'opération Persil contre Sékou Touré"
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Harry R. Rudin (July 1959). "Guinea outside the French
Community".
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Foreign policy of the Charles de Gaulle administration (1959–1969)
54:, which, if passed, French colonies would become part of the new
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David Hapgood (December 1963). "Guinea's First Five Years".
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Service de Documentation Extérieure et de Contre-Espionnage
94:'s chief adviser for African matters and co-founder of the
145:"Guinea's Longtime President, Ahmed Sekou Toure, Dies"
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and his successful campaign for Guinean independence.
251:Diop, Mame Diarra <1996> (April 26, 2021).
253:"French monetary neo-colonialism: the CFA franc"
355:Mondafrique, La rédaction de (August 3, 2021).
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308:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
122:French government to abandon the operation.
48:constitutional referendum was held in Guinea
296:"Macron Isn't So Post-Colonial After All"
279:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
16:1959–60 covert French sabotage in Guinea
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412:1960s coups d'état and coup attempts
407:French involvement in regime change
402:1960 in the French colonial empire
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294:Gladstein, Mohamed Keita, Alex.
234:"Opération « Persil »"
338:"3/7 : L'opération Persil"
105:The operation provided for the
216:University of California Press
188:University of California Press
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387:French colonisation in Africa
255:– via dspace.unive.it.
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143:Dash, Leon (1984-03-28).
30:due to Guinean president
96:Service d'Action Civique
392:France–Guinea relations
268:Cite journal requires
238:Le Monde diplomatique
46:In September 1958, a
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34:'s rejection of the
70:The Washington Post
111:Operation Bernhard
92:Charles de Gaulle
61:Ahmed Sékou Touré
32:Ahmed Sékou Touré
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342:RFI SAVOIRS
190:: 355–360.
119:Mamadou Dia
22:was a 1960
371:Categories
162:2021-06-02
130:References
42:Background
221:isolated.
218:: 13–16.
157:0190-8286
36:CFA franc
304:cite web
214:(215).
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