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the legs all the way to the surface, creating a more streamlined profile for the arms to pull through the water. Both of these mechanisms of becoming horizontal require a small amount of energy from the swimmer. When a person wearing a thick wetsuit floats motionless in the water, their legs tend to float on the surface. Theoretically, this obviates the small energy expenditure mentioned above, although an additional small amount of energy is required to continually flex the wetsuit during swimming motions.
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239:. Some swimmers tend to keep it simple, using a basic swimsuit, goggles, and swim cap. Many records are based on that attire, which is known as 'channel attire' because it is stipulated in the rules for English Channel crossings and the rules for other long swims. Swimmers often utilize changing robes to dry off and change into or out of their swimwear attire in often cold and public places.
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is correspondingly reduced. In calmer conditions, or when facing surface chop, swimmers can also significantly benefit from swimming immediately behind or closely alongside a swimmer of comparable or faster speed. Not all race organizers permit drafting, and swimmers can run the risk of disqualification if they are caught.
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Various types of wetsuits of varying thicknesses are used in open water swimming. Some employ high-tech materials and workmanship, others are of basic materials found in surfing and diving wetsuits. Some designs cover the torso, arms and legs, while other designs leave the arms and shoulders exposed.
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When entering the water, swimmers can use techniques to take advantage of the shallow water. One such technique is walking along the bottom. Another technique is "dolphining", which involves diving down to the bottom and launching oneself upwards and forwards. This technique can also help to avoid
184:
When covering large distances, swimmers may head off course due to current, waves, wind, and poor visibility. Typically, buoys are stationed periodically across a large expanse to provide guidance. However, buoys are often invisible due to interference from choppy water and reduced visibility through
263:
When a person floats motionless in the water, their legs tend to sink. When a person swims freestyle, the legs rise toward surface because water passing underneath the body pushes the legs up, similar to how the wind can lift a kite into the air. In addition, a proper kicking technique will bring
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Drafting, which is prohibited by some race regulations, is the technique of following another swimmer so closely that water resistance is reduced. When swimming closely alongside or behind a swimmer in the lead swimmer's wake, resistance is reduced and the amount of effort to swim at the same speed
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High-end triathlon wetsuits have extra flexibility that provides easier range of motion than a surfing or diving wetsuit. Some triathlon wetsuits have varied thickness by way of panels that provide custom flotation that aids the wearer in keeping an efficient position in the water.
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rule is that wetsuits are allowed for elite triathlons at below 23 °C (73 °F) if 3,000 metres (9,800 ft) or more, and below 21 °C (70 °F) if shorter. Wetsuits are mandatory in triathlons below 16 °C (61 °F) if 3,000 metres (9,800 ft) or more.
185:
goggles. Swimmers are encouraged to 'triangulate' by looking for two aligned, easily visible objects on land that are directly behind the destination (such as the end of a pier as it lines up with a hilltop), and to make sure they continue to appear aligned during the race.
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in South Africa (attributed to Wayne Ridden), the Great Swim in the UK (whose idea is attributed to Colin Hill), and the Batley race have helped create and grow interest and participation in the sport.
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The equipment allowed in a race depends on the sanctioning body and/or the race organizers. For example, races may have divisions for wetsuits and/or relays; may require escort boats /
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without penalty in any event sanctioned by USA Triathlon up to and including a water temperature of 78 degrees
Fahrenheit (26 °C)." The
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For triathlons, competitive rule 4.4 of USA Triathlon, states that "each age group participant shall be permitted to wear a
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in 1896, the swimming competition was held in open water. In 2000, the
Olympic Games first included a
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Gozo to Malta Open water race, one of the most scenic open water races in the
Mediterranean, (
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Though most open water races do not require a specific stroke, most competitors employ the
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68:. Competitive open water swimming is governed by the International Swimming Federation,
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503:-sanctioned discipline. It has been included in the Olympic Games since 2008, and the
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is a swimming discipline which takes place in outdoor bodies of water such as open
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St Lucia
Channel Swim - 21 miles (34 km) swim from St Lucia to Martinique
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Water
Warrior Amphibious Assault - One Mile Ocean Swim out of Del Mar Beach,
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Wind, Waves, and
Sunburn: A Brief History of Marathon Swimming
227:
In some competitions, a swim buoy is used for extra visibility
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And walk into the water:the start of the one-mile course.
665:
Swimming to
Antarctica: Tales of a Long-Distance Swimmer
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103:
has featured open water swimming events since 1992. The
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incoming waves. When exiting the water, swimmers can
235:/ paddleboards; and may require specifically colored
168:. The efficiency of this stroke was demonstrated by
397:, in the Mediterranean Sea between Greece and Turkey
72:(formerly known as FINA), except when it is part of
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808:Waterlog: A Swimmer's Journey Through Britain
8:
111:is held in several events around the world.
107:was held from 2000 to 2010. Since 2007, the
105:FINA World Open Water Swimming Championships
95:with a 1500 m swim leg, and in 2008, a
41:The start of an amateur ocean swim event on
522:List of successful English Channel swimmers
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891:
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648:|title=Home |website=defimonte-cristo.com}
331:Byron Bay Ocean Swim Classic (Australia,
706:Dover Solo: Swimming The English Channel
314:Barbados Open Water Festival (Barbados,
131:Acclimatisation to the 14.5 °C water at
548:
358:word's largest ocean swim (Australia,
172:, who, as the first woman to swim the
109:FINA 10 km Marathon Swimming World Cup
7:
646:https://www.defimonte-cristo.com/fr/
403:in the canals of downtown (Denmark,
338:Henley Swim Series (United Kingdom,
569:from the original on 31 March 2010.
482:X-Waters series (Russia and Europe)
479:Oceanman series (Europe and global)
83:In the first edition of the modern
25:
505:FINA World Aquatics Championships
101:FINA World Aquatics Championships
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937:
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450:Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton
322:Bosphorus Intercontinental Swim
211:Equipment used in competitions
1:
731:Wennerberg, Conrad A (1997).
304:Circuito Gran Fondo Italia, (
143:Followed by warm-up exercises
207:to take advantage of waves.
76:, which are governed by the
1415:Radio-controlled car racing
491:Defi Monte Cristo (France,
421:Whitehaven Beach Ocean Swim
413:7800 participants (Sweden,
1594:
1070:Mountain bike orienteering
785:Munatones, Steven (2011).
704:Cleveland, Marcia (1999).
580:Circuito Gran Fondo Italia
499:Open water swimming is an
333:Byron Bay, New South Wales
97:10 km open water swim
29:
1537:
1394:Offshore powerboat racing
1346:Motorcycle chariot racing
1315:
935:
470:Santa Fe-Coronda Marathon
1389:Inshore powerboat racing
762:. Walker & Company.
758:Mortimer, Gavin (2009).
683:Dean, Penny Lee (1998).
441:Series (United Kingdom,
30:Not to be confused with
1542:List of forms of racing
909:Middle-distance running
557:"ITU Competition Rules"
488:Swimcup series (Russia)
430:RCP Tiburon Mile (USA,
1384:Jet sprint boat racing
596:oceanman-openwater.com
348:(Australia, Victoria,
283:Long distance swimming
228:
220:
198:Beach starting/exiting
152:
144:
136:
50:
1578:Summer Olympic sports
987:Cross country running
914:Long-distance running
806:Roger Deakin (1999).
401:Round the Castle Swim
383:Rottnest Channel Swim
226:
218:
150:
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40:
1481:Cross-country skiing
1455:Slalom skateboarding
1138:Mountain bike racing
844:at Wikimedia Commons
1563:Open water swimming
1289:Pickup truck racing
1224:Paralympic swimming
1214:Open water swimming
1123:Road bicycle racing
842:Open water swimming
788:Open Water Swimming
735:. Breakaway Books.
686:Open Water Swimming
662:Cox, Lynne (2004).
114:Events such as the
54:Open water swimming
18:Open-water swimming
1505:Multi-sport racing
1304:Touring car racing
1090:Canoe orienteering
1085:Radio orienteering
1080:Trail orienteering
791:. Human Kinetics.
689:. Human Kinetics.
389:Cadiz Freedom Swim
229:
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153:
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74:multi-sport events
51:
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1379:Hydroplane racing
1328:Motorcycle racing
1294:Sports car racing
1219:Marathon swimming
1100:Mountain marathon
1065:Foot orienteering
1051:
1050:
840:Media related to
812:Chatto and Windus
798:978-0-73609-284-5
769:978-0-8027-1749-8
742:978-1-55821-615-0
715:978-0-9672091-0-4
696:978-0-88011-704-3
675:978-0-375-41507-4
527:Lucky's Lake Swim
432:San Francisco Bay
288:Marathon swimming
135:in September 2010
123:Racing techniques
43:Christmas morning
32:Marathon swimming
16:(Redirected from
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1512:Adventure racing
1374:Drag boat racing
1366:Motorboat racing
1321:
1299:Stock car racing
1257:
1181:Greyhound racing
1105:Car orienteering
1075:Ski orienteering
1038:Snowshoe running
1033:Backward running
992:Mountain running
980:Off-road running
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462:(United States,
411:Vansbrosimningen
366:Lake Zurich Swim
340:Henley-on-Thames
219:Start at Vansbro
164:, also known as
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170:Gertrude Ederle
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78:World Triathlon
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133:Salford Quays
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85:Olympic Games
81:
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48:
44:
39:
33:
19:
1450:Sandboarding
1445:Longboarding
1438:Board racing
1356:Track racing
1336:Beach racing
1309:Truck racing
1252:Motor racing
1213:
1186:Horse racing
1176:Camel racing
1057:Orienteering
997:Fell running
948:Road running
929:Steeplechase
807:
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614:x-waters.com
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551:
532:Roger Deakin
517:Cole Classic
507:since 1991.
498:
472:(Argentina,
356:Cole Classic
316:Carlisle Bay
299:Competitions
278:Ice swimming
266:
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258:
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230:
201:
192:
183:
159:
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82:
53:
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49:, Australia.
1460:Street luge
1279:Kart racing
1269:Drag racing
1261:Auto racing
1128:Cyclo-cross
1028:Racewalking
423:(Australia
385:(Australia)
370:Lake Zurich
346:Pier to Pub
324:, (Turkey,
162:front crawl
116:Midmar Mile
47:Manly Beach
1557:Categories
1410:Air racing
1351:Rally raid
1153:BMX racing
1007:Skyrunning
919:Relay race
632:swimcup.ru
543:References
460:Swim Miami
454:California
443:Windermere
439:Great Swim
425:Whitsunday
405:Copenhagen
1527:Aquathlon
1517:Triathlon
1341:Motocross
1095:Rogaining
904:Sprinting
778:166378101
537:Triathlon
493:Marseille
237:swim caps
205:body surf
166:freestyle
93:triathlon
45:2016, at
1573:Aquatics
1568:Swimming
1522:Duathlon
1496:Sledding
1234:Climbing
1206:Swimming
961:Marathon
924:Hurdling
751:42649860
724:42649860
564:Archived
511:See also
474:Santa Fe
326:Istanbul
233:kayakers
189:Drafting
180:Sighting
1043:Parkour
887:Running
501:Olympic
415:Vansbro
249:wetsuit
1147:Keirin
971:Ekiden
879:Racing
818:
795:
776:
766:
749:
739:
722:
712:
693:
672:
628:"Home"
610:"Home"
592:"Home"
156:Stroke
99:. The
89:Athens
66:rivers
64:, and
58:oceans
1403:Other
1016:Other
567:(PDF)
560:(PDF)
464:Miami
377:Malta
360:Manly
350:Lorne
306:Italy
62:lakes
816:ISBN
793:ISBN
774:OCLC
764:ISBN
747:OCLC
737:ISBN
720:OCLC
710:ISBN
691:ISBN
670:ISBN
437:The
486:TYR
253:ITU
87:in
80:.
1559::
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772:.
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