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the FBI characterizing the ELF as the United States' "top domestic terrorism threat". Gerlach has previously pleaded guilty to 18 counts of arson in other attacks, saying she was motivated by "a deep sense of despair and anger at the deteriorating state of the global environment," but adding that she has "since realized the firebombings did more harm than good." Meyerhoff has renounced ELF and pleaded guilty to 54 counts, but is still under indictment in
Michigan, Arizona, Washington, Wyoming and California.
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115:
313:. He pleaded guilty to manufacturing drugs in a daylong trial and was sentenced to three years in prison by a local court. He was deported back to the U.S. to face charges there after serving his sentence. On December 20, 2011, Solondz pleaded guilty. On March 16, 2012, Solondz was sentenced to seven years in prison.
282:
On
December 15, 2006, Chelsea Dawn Gerlach and Stanislas Gregory Meyerhoff, pleaded guilty to $ 20 million worth of arsons committed between 1996 and 2001 by the Eugene-based cell of the ELF known as "The Family". Their fire-bombing of a Vail ski resort resulted in damages totaling $ 12 million, with
278:
On
November 11, 2006, Joyanna Zacher, Nathan Block, Daniel McGowan and Jonathan Paul pleaded guilty to several eco-sabotage related charges, as part of a global resolution agreement with prosecutors. Judge Ann Aiken presided over the hearings. The change of pleas from the four defendants resolves all
338:
The last fugitive militant
Josephine Sunshine Overaker sought for the delits of Conspiracy to Commit Arson of United States Government Property and of Property Used in Interstate Commerce; Conspiracy to Commit Arson and Destruction of an Energy Facility; Attempted Arson of a Building; Arson of a
331:, which has no diplomatic relations with the United States, and was ultimately discovered to be traveling through Central America, en route to Russia. With the assistance of Cuban authorities, the FBI detained him before he could board a plane to Russia, and brought him to
355:
for conspiring to damage facilities "by explosive or fire." Eric McDavid, the only one of the three who refused to sign a plea agreement, was found guilty on all counts and faces up to 20 years in prison, and a $ 250,000 fine, when sentenced on the 6th of
December. In
254:
According to reports, and their own websites, most of the indicted individuals initially claimed to be innocent of the charges. Prosecutors alleged that the 11 conspirators collectively referred to themselves as "The Family" and had taken an
988:
913:
384:
condemned the operation and the resulting indictments, arguing that "life sentences for property damage offenses where the actor has no intent to harm an individual are simply unconstitutional." Animal rights activist
286:
On March 6, 2008, Briana Waters, who was arrested in
Operation Backfire for another ELF attack in Washington State, was found guilty of two counts of arson and sentenced later that year to six years in prison.
235:, conspiracy, use of destructive devices, and destruction of an energy facility. The defendants were named as Joseph Mahmoud Dibee, Chelsea Dawn Gerlach, Sarah Kendall Harvey (née Kendall Tankersley),
294:, who was arrested in December 2005 and committed suicide in jail just before he was to be transferred to Oregon. Josephine Sunshine Overaker has not been apprehended; she is believed to be in
1119:
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accused the FBI of targeting "a bunch of above-ground, well-known, peaceful animal-rights activists and environmental activists and charg them with being members of the ALF and the ELF."
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In
January and February 2006, as a result of separate investigations, but widely reported as extensions of Operation Backfire, three more individuals, Zachary Jenson,
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argued that "there's a clear difference between constitutionally protected advocacy — which is the right of all
Americans — and violent criminal activity."
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1106:"District of Oregon | Pacific Northwest Environmental Extremist and Arsonist Pleads Guilty | United States Department of Justice"
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field office and called them
Operation Backfire. According to an agency statement, the operational focus is on investigating acts of
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3320:
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2724:
1479:
1469:
1319:
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239:, Stanislas Meyerhoff, Josephine Sunshine Overaker, Jonathan Paul, Rebecca Jeanette Rubin, Suzanne Savoie, Justin Franchi Solondz,
1058:
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and returned to the US on 10 August 2018, after twelve years on the run. Dibee was believed to be beyond the reach of the FBI in
320:
on 29 November 2012. On 10 October 2013, Rubin pleaded guilty. On 27 January 2014, Rubin was sentenced to five years in prison.
4293:
4283:
3762:
3515:
3400:
2614:
2200:
2095:
914:"Fugitive Who Built Firebombs Linked to 2001 Arson of UW Center for Urban Horticulture Arrested Following Expulsion from China"
243:, Kevin Tubbs, and Briana Waters. A number of other unindicted co-conspirators were also named. A 13th alleged co-conspirator,
172:
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1080:
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1815:
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to protect each other. The FBI indicated that some of the charges relate to a 1998 arson attack, claimed by the ELF, on the
183:
by the FBI. The operation resulted in convictions and imprisonment of a number of people, many of whom were members of the
810:
734:
560:
517:
499:
3375:
3260:
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1617:
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Vehicle; Arson of a
Building; Destruction of an Energy Facility, offering $ 50,000 for information leading to the arrest.
3477:
3435:
3255:
2654:
1585:
1530:
677:
368:, a prominent American eco-anarchist, was arrested on a felony charge of demonstrating the use of a destructive device.
275:
In late 2006, a number of self-described ELF members pleaded guilty to arson and other charges in U.S. federal courts.
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1287:"SELF-PROCLAIMED MEMBER OF THE EARTH LIBERATION FRONT CHARGED WITH DEMONSTRATING THE USE OF A DESTRUCTIVE DEVICE"
710:
533:
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for trial. On 21 April 2022, Dibee pleaded guilty. On 1 November 2022, Dibee was sentenced to time served.
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2009:
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in 2001. The combined cost of the damage from the attacks is estimated at approaching $ 80 million.
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2014:
1908:
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360:, Nathan Block and Joyanna Zacher were arrested on charges relating to a 2001 arson on a farm near
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1946:
1898:
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1120:"Eco-saboteur Joseph Dibee ordered to complete community service, given no added time in custody"
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291:
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Ski Resort in Colorado. Other charges were related to another attack on the botany labs at the
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1291:
1259:
1228:"How an FBI Informant Sent a Radical Environmentalist to Prison, and How He Got Out Again"
1167:
1053:
993:
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521:
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240:
497:
Federal Bureau of Investigation - Press Room - Headline Archives - Eco-Terror Indictments
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1979:
1722:
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180:
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83:
53:
16:
Multi agency operation against criminal actions by the radical environmental movement
1035:"Rebecca Rubin, former eco-saboteur and fugitive, sentenced to five years in prison"
3345:
3187:
3177:
3026:
3001:
2911:
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2004:
1966:
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1732:
1712:
1632:
570:
405:
386:
365:
348:
1081:"Domestic Terrorism: After 12 Years on the Run, Joseph Dibee Has Been Apprehended"
3909:
3355:
3182:
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3097:
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2313:
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1994:
1865:
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1642:
1637:
1021:"Eco-saboteur Rebecca Rubin pleads guilty to arson, but won't give up any names"
807:
731:
514:
496:
425:
415:
380:
have drawn condemnation from activists and alternative media organizations. The
30:
4021:
3539:
3250:
3142:
3087:
3067:
2921:
2916:
2901:
2871:
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2539:
2373:
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1677:
1667:
1560:
928:"Justin Solondz pleads guilty in 2001 University of Washington fire bomb case"
420:
942:"Last Defendant Arrested in UW Horticulture Center Arson Sentenced to Prison"
454:
Federal Bureau of Investigation - Major Executive Speeches - January 20, 2006
4114:
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3569:
3340:
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2791:
2679:
2458:
2403:
2055:
1855:
1762:
1742:
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316:
Rebecca Jeanette Rubin surrendered to FBI agents at the Canada–US border in
310:
2754:
1672:
1622:
228:
1984:
1938:
1597:
1203:"Convicted eco-terrorist freed; government failed to disclose evidence"
410:
248:
1535:
1379:
957:"Environmental activist long wanted in U.S. arson attacks surrenders"
57:
592:
1389:
593:"Charges & Court Dates at Free Darren Thurston - Support Site"
328:
306:
295:
232:
654:
534:"Eco-Defense Arrestee Bill Rodgers Found Dead in Cell in Arizona"
199:
In 2004 the FBI merged seven independent investigations from its
3380:
1394:
777:"Notes from Oregon Eco-Sabotage Plea Hearings Flies on the Wall"
628:
561:"Secret Grand Jury investigations have led to indictments of 12"
324:
256:
3607:
3217:
2198:
1436:
1398:
1374:
1255:"Two More Indicted Today for 2001 ELF Jefferson Poplar Action"
989:"FBI — Eco-Terrorist Surrenders; Two Fugitives Still at Large"
95:
1375:
The North American Earth Liberation Prisoners Support Network
231:
six women and seven men on a total of 65 charges, including
223:
In December 2005 and January 2006, with assistance from the
179:
and environmental causes in the United States described as
1161:
FBI Continues Crackdown on Environmentalists : AZ IMC
732:
Federal Bureau of Investigation -- Eco-Terror Indictments
2116:
University of California, Riverside 1985 laboratory raid
1156:
1154:
376:
The indictments of the 18 activists for alleged acts of
1384:
515:
Eco-terror Indictments - 'Operation Backfire' Nets 11
3635:
Moral Inquiries on the Situation of Man and of Brutes
171:
is a multi-agency criminal investigation, led by the
627:. Supportdaniel.org. 7 December 2005. Archived from
207:, carried out on behalf of two activist groups, the
4202:
4149:
4099:
4039:
4032:
3853:
3618:
3579:
3490:
3454:
3238:
3231:
3050:
2774:
2767:
2512:
2221:
2212:
2155:
2134:
2073:
2023:
1965:
1937:
1874:
1806:
1698:
1691:
1523:
1447:
225:
Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives
890:
888:
752:"The Rise and Fall of the Eco-Radical Underground"
1346:"Backstory: Eco-vigilantes: All in 'The Family?'"
1495:List of international animal welfare conventions
3787:An Introduction to Animals and Political Theory
23:
279:current "Operation Backfire" cases in Oregon.
1410:
897:"China Jails Environmentalist Wanted in U.S."
808:Two plead guilty in 1998 Vail ski resort fire
555:
553:
551:
436:University of Washington firebombing incident
8:
1500:Moral status of animals in the ancient world
175:(FBI), into destructive acts in the name of
3462:Animal Defence and Anti-Vivisection Society
3406:People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals
1438:Topics (overviews, concepts, issues, cases)
1180:"Asheville's Finest Webhost: PurpleCat.Net"
830:. Seattletimes.nwsource.com. Archived from
709:. Seattletimes.nwsource.com. Archived from
4269:Federal Bureau of Investigation operations
4036:
3615:
3604:
3235:
3228:
3214:
2771:
2218:
2209:
2195:
1695:
1444:
1433:
1417:
1403:
1395:
1380:Earth Liberation Prisoners Support Network
997:. Fbi.gov. 7 December 2012. Archived from
290:The FBI alleged that the group was led by
20:
3609:Media (books, films, periodicals, albums)
3546:Human Environment Animal Protection Party
323:Joseph Mahmoud Dibee, was apprehended in
133:Other environmental cells and individuals
3667:Evolutional Ethics and Animal Psychology
1924:Pain and suffering in laboratory animals
1263:. Portland.indymedia.org. Archived from
828:"Briana Waters sentenced, Seattle Times"
707:"Briana Waters convicted, Seattle Times"
392:In response, then-U.S. Attorney General
1515:Universal Declaration on Animal Welfare
446:
301:Justin Franchi Solondz was arrested in
1592:Cambridge Declaration on Consciousness
700:
698:
3803:Political Animals and Animal Politics
3391:Massachusetts Animal Rights Coalition
3316:Centre for Animals and Social Justice
1728:Concentrated animal feeding operation
1505:Timeline of animal welfare and rights
1460:Animal rights by country or territory
1061:from the original on 10 December 2008
750:Grigoriadis, Vanessa (21 June 2011).
678:"11 Indicted in 'Eco-Terrorism' Case"
7:
3534:Animalist Party with the Environment
1821:Animal testing on non-human primates
653:. Supportchelsea.net. Archived from
351:and Lauren Weiner, were arrested in
309:in March 2009 on charges of growing
3958:Peaceable Kingdom: The Journey Home
2168:World Day for the End of Speciesism
1370:Department of Justice Press release
1182:. Mambo.agrnews.rack2.purplecat.net
955:Carson, Teresa (29 November 2012).
4083:Relations. Beyond Anthropocentrism
3426:United Activists for Animal Rights
3336:Doctors Against Animal Experiments
1475:Animal cruelty–Holocaust analogies
1295:. 22 February 2006. Archived from
785:. 11 November 2006. Archived from
676:Harden, Blaine (21 January 2006).
247:, also known as Avalon, committed
14:
3627:On Abstinence from Eating Animals
3587:Animal Rights National Conference
3510:Animal Protection Party of Canada
3467:Canadian Anti-Vivisection Society
3321:Chinese Animal Protection Network
3246:American Anti-Vivisection Society
2725:Johann Friedrich Ludwig Volckmann
1480:Animal rights in Indian religions
1470:Animal rights and punk subculture
605:from the original on 18 June 2006
569:. 24 January 2006. Archived from
4234:
4233:
3795:Animal Rights Without Liberation
3446:Voice for Animals Humane Society
2178:World Day for the End of Fishing
2173:World Day for Laboratory Animals
1603:Equal consideration of interests
1348:. csmonitor.com. 30 January 2006
113:
101:
89:
76:
3516:Animal Justice Party of Finland
3401:Oxford Centre for Animal Ethics
2615:Karl Christian Friedrich Krause
2203:(academics, writers, activists)
2096:Monkey selfie copyright dispute
1318:Azadeh Shahshahani, President.
895:Levin, Dan (27 November 2009).
858:Federal Bureau of Investigation
826:Bartley, Nancy (20 June 2008).
536:. Indybay.org. 22 December 2005
477:Federal Bureau of Investigation
173:Federal Bureau of Investigation
3739:Animals, Property, and the Law
1816:Alternatives to animal testing
1485:Christianity and animal rights
1385:Civil Liberties Defense Center
1:
3376:Korea Animal Rights Advocates
2086:Cambridge University primates
1618:Ethics of uncertain sentience
1134:"JOSEPHINE SUNSHINE OVERAKER"
1057:. Fbi.gov. 19 November 2008.
879:"Josephine Sunshine Overaker"
854:"JOSEPHINE SUNSHINE OVERAKER"
705:Carter, Mike (6 March 2008).
3436:UPF-Centre for Animal Ethics
1586:Argument from marginal cases
625:"Support For Daniel McGowan"
3723:Morals, Reason, and Animals
3351:Farm Animal Rights Movement
3301:Anonymous for the Voiceless
1990:International primate trade
1465:Anarchism and animal rights
813:September 27, 2007, at the
271:Convictions and abscondings
4310:
3843:Making a Stand for Animals
3715:The Case for Animal Rights
3366:Hunt Saboteurs Association
3326:Cruelty Free International
3296:Anti-Vivisection Coalition
1826:Animal testing regulations
4229:
3998:The Ghosts in Our Machine
3835:Animal Ethics in the Wild
3614:
3603:
3271:Animal Legal Defense Fund
3227:
3213:
2570:William Hamilton Drummond
2208:
2194:
1929:Welfare of farmed insects
1556:Animal–industrial complex
1443:
1432:
1322:. Nlg.org. Archived from
1253:anon (26 February 2006).
651:"Support Chelsea Gerlach"
251:while in police custody.
161:
156:
137:
69:
36:
28:
4289:Radical environmentalism
4076:Journal of Animal Ethics
3942:Your Mommy Kills Animals
3331:Direct Action Everywhere
2740:Johann Heinrich Winckler
2685:Nathaniel Peabody Rogers
2142:Direct Action Everywhere
1846:Huntingdon Life Sciences
1831:Labcorp Drug Development
1788:Feedback (pork industry)
1753:Intensive animal farming
1490:History of animal rights
1390:Green Is The New Red.com
1320:"National Lawyers Guild"
566:Independent Media Center
520:August 17, 2010, at the
364:and in Tucson, Arizona,
265:University of Washington
4279:Animal Liberation Front
4211:Holocaust on your Plate
3982:An Apology to Elephants
3763:Do Animals Have Rights?
3699:Animals, Men and Morals
3675:Better-World Philosophy
3552:Italian Animalist Party
3431:United Poultry Concerns
3386:Last Chance for Animals
3281:Animal Liberation Front
3168:Maud Ingersoll Probasco
1658:Replaceability argument
1576:Animal-free agriculture
213:Animal Liberation Front
185:Animal Liberation Front
152:A large number of cells
126:Animal Liberation Front
4294:Animal rights movement
4284:Earth Liberation Front
4184:Salvation of Innocents
3731:Zoos and Animal Rights
3306:Beauty Without Cruelty
3266:Animal Justice Project
2605:John Zephaniah Holwell
2259:Stephen St. C. Bostock
1836:Great ape research ban
1455:Animal rights movement
737:March 1, 2006, at the
502:March 8, 2006, at the
459:April 9, 2010, at the
382:National Lawyers Guild
245:William "Bill" Rodgers
209:Earth Liberation Front
189:Earth Liberation Front
130:Earth Liberation Front
4203:Fairs and exhibitions
4090:The Animals' Defender
4062:Cahiers antispécistes
3990:Speciesism: The Movie
3811:Animal (De)liberation
3771:Striking at the Roots
3683:The Universal Kinship
3643:The Rights of Animals
3564:People Animals Nature
3558:Party for the Animals
3371:In Defense of Animals
3133:Nina Douglas-Hamilton
2525:David Renaud Boullier
2111:Silver Spring monkeys
2010:Wild animal suffering
1919:Pain in invertebrates
1758:Intensive pig farming
1648:Opposition to hunting
1613:Ethics of eating meat
473:"Terrorism 2002/2005"
157:Casualties and losses
3819:Sentientist Politics
3747:The Lives of Animals
3498:Animal Justice Party
3311:Born Free Foundation
3148:Lizzy Lind af Hageby
3022:Wendy Turner-Webster
2735:Adam Gottlieb Weigen
1957:Recreational fishing
1798:Ventilation shutdown
1566:Animal protectionism
1546:Animal consciousness
1207:The Washington Times
1049:"Operation Backfire"
789:on 28 September 2007
4243:( 139 )
4069:Etica & Animali
4055:Between the Species
3779:An American Trilogy
3472:Humanitarian League
3083:Frances Power Cobbe
2700:Arthur Schopenhauer
2695:Henry Stephens Salt
2575:Edward Payson Evans
2269:Stephen R. L. Clark
2126:War of the currents
2015:Wildlife management
1909:Pain in crustaceans
1904:Pain in cephalopods
1201:Thanawala, Sudhin.
1001:on 11 December 2012
930:. 20 December 2011.
657:on 11 November 2013
394:Alberto R. Gonzales
120:Oregon State Police
4006:Unlocking the Cage
3827:Wild Animal Ethics
3651:The Ethics of Diet
3528:Animalist Movement
3504:Animal Politics EU
3416:Sentience Politics
3042:That Vegan Teacher
2660:Siobhan O'Sullivan
2645:José Ferrater Mora
2454:Steve F. Sapontzis
1947:Commercial fishing
1899:Pain in amphibians
1889:Cruelty to animals
1861:Operation Backfire
1700:Animal agriculture
1608:Emotion in animals
1234:. 27 February 2015
1166:2006-06-16 at the
1037:. 28 January 2014.
1023:. 11 October 2013.
969:on 3 December 2012
682:Washingtonpost.com
631:on 18 October 2018
573:on 4 February 2012
362:Clatskanie, Oregon
353:Auburn, California
343:Related operations
318:Blaine, Washington
292:William C. Rodgers
205:domestic terrorism
169:Operation Backfire
24:Operation Backfire
4251:
4250:
4244:
4225:
4224:
4221:
4220:
4192:Onward to Freedom
4160:Animal Liberation
4145:
4144:
3966:Forks Over Knives
3918:Peaceable Kingdom
3878:Shores of Silence
3870:A Cow at My Table
3755:Eternal Treblinka
3707:Animal Liberation
3599:
3598:
3595:
3594:
3486:
3485:
3421:Uncaged Campaigns
3396:Mercy for Animals
3361:Great Ape Project
3276:Animal Liberation
3222:(groups, parties)
3209:
3208:
3205:
3204:
3201:
3200:
3108:Elizabeth Farians
3017:Christine Townend
2957:Heather Nicholson
2887:Brigitte Gothière
2877:Antoine Goetschel
2763:
2762:
2424:Charles Patterson
2329:Gary L. Francione
2304:Josephine Donovan
2294:Daniel Dombrowski
2274:Alasdair Cochrane
2190:
2189:
2186:
2185:
2069:
2068:
2000:Predation problem
1884:Animal euthanasia
1793:Foam depopulation
1628:Insects in ethics
166:
165:
65:
64:
4301:
4242:
4237:
4236:
4048:Animal Sentience
4037:
3902:Legally Blonde 2
3862:The Animals Film
3616:
3605:
3411:Rise for Animals
3236:
3229:
3215:
3078:Edith Carrington
2982:Craig Rosebraugh
2947:Virginia McKenna
2937:Jo-Anne McArthur
2867:Juliet Gellatley
2772:
2730:Mary Anne Warren
2670:Humphrey Primatt
2655:Edward Nicholson
2625:Charles R. Magel
2590:Thomas G. Gentry
2449:Richard D. Ryder
2389:Thomas Lepeltier
2219:
2210:
2196:
2163:World Animal Day
2121:Unnecessary Fuss
2081:Brown Dog affair
2051:Animals in sport
2041:Animal slaughter
2036:Animal sacrifice
1975:Culling wildlife
1778:Wildlife farming
1696:
1541:Animal cognition
1510:Total liberation
1445:
1434:
1419:
1412:
1405:
1396:
1358:
1357:
1355:
1353:
1342:
1336:
1335:
1333:
1331:
1315:
1309:
1308:
1306:
1304:
1299:on 22 March 2006
1283:
1277:
1276:
1274:
1272:
1250:
1244:
1243:
1241:
1239:
1224:
1218:
1217:
1215:
1213:
1198:
1192:
1191:
1189:
1187:
1176:
1170:
1158:
1149:
1148:
1146:
1144:
1130:
1124:
1123:
1122:. November 2022.
1116:
1110:
1109:
1108:. 21 April 2022.
1102:
1096:
1095:
1093:
1091:
1077:
1071:
1070:
1068:
1066:
1045:
1039:
1038:
1031:
1025:
1024:
1017:
1011:
1010:
1008:
1006:
985:
979:
978:
976:
974:
965:. Archived from
952:
946:
945:
938:
932:
931:
924:
918:
917:
910:
904:
903:
892:
883:
882:
875:
869:
868:
866:
864:
850:
844:
843:
841:
839:
823:
817:
805:
799:
798:
796:
794:
773:
767:
766:
764:
762:
747:
741:
729:
723:
722:
720:
718:
702:
693:
692:
690:
688:
673:
667:
666:
664:
662:
647:
641:
640:
638:
636:
621:
615:
614:
612:
610:
601:. 18 June 2006.
589:
583:
582:
580:
578:
557:
546:
545:
543:
541:
530:
524:
512:
506:
494:
488:
487:
485:
483:
469:
463:
451:
431:Craig Rosebraugh
201:Portland, Oregon
118:
117:
116:
106:
105:
104:
94:
93:
92:
82:
80:
79:
44:Around 2004-2006
38:
37:
21:
4309:
4308:
4304:
4303:
4302:
4300:
4299:
4298:
4254:
4253:
4252:
4247:
4217:
4198:
4141:
4122:Muutoksen kevät
4095:
4028:
3934:Behind the Mask
3849:
3659:Animals' Rights
3610:
3591:
3575:
3482:
3450:
3223:
3197:
3058:Cleveland Amory
3046:
3012:Darren Thurston
3007:Marianne Thieme
2862:Bruce Friedrich
2827:Joey Carbstrong
2812:Brigitte Bardot
2759:
2750:Jon Wynne-Tyson
2640:J. Howard Moore
2585:John Galsworthy
2565:Wilhelm Dietler
2508:
2504:Corey Lee Wrenn
2414:Martha Nussbaum
2324:Lawrence Finsen
2264:Paola Cavalieri
2239:Kristin Andrews
2214:
2204:
2182:
2151:
2130:
2065:
2019:
1961:
1933:
1894:Pain in animals
1870:
1802:
1768:Poultry farming
1687:
1519:
1439:
1428:
1423:
1366:
1361:
1351:
1349:
1344:
1343:
1339:
1329:
1327:
1326:on 14 July 2006
1317:
1316:
1312:
1302:
1300:
1292:Wayback Machine
1285:
1284:
1280:
1270:
1268:
1267:on 8 April 2008
1260:Wayback Machine
1252:
1251:
1247:
1237:
1235:
1226:
1225:
1221:
1211:
1209:
1200:
1199:
1195:
1185:
1183:
1178:
1177:
1173:
1168:Wayback Machine
1159:
1152:
1142:
1140:
1132:
1131:
1127:
1118:
1117:
1113:
1104:
1103:
1099:
1089:
1087:
1079:
1078:
1074:
1064:
1062:
1054:Wayback Machine
1047:
1046:
1042:
1033:
1032:
1028:
1019:
1018:
1014:
1004:
1002:
994:Wayback Machine
987:
986:
982:
972:
970:
962:Wayback Machine
954:
953:
949:
940:
939:
935:
926:
925:
921:
912:
911:
907:
902:. New York, NY.
894:
893:
886:
877:
876:
872:
862:
860:
852:
851:
847:
837:
835:
834:on 20 June 2008
825:
824:
820:
815:Wayback Machine
806:
802:
792:
790:
782:Wayback Machine
775:
774:
770:
760:
758:
749:
748:
744:
739:Wayback Machine
730:
726:
716:
714:
713:on 9 March 2008
704:
703:
696:
686:
684:
675:
674:
670:
660:
658:
649:
648:
644:
634:
632:
623:
622:
618:
608:
606:
598:Wayback Machine
591:
590:
586:
576:
574:
559:
558:
549:
539:
537:
532:
531:
527:
522:Wayback Machine
513:
509:
504:Wayback Machine
495:
491:
481:
479:
471:
470:
466:
461:Wayback Machine
452:
448:
444:
402:
374:
345:
273:
241:Darren Thurston
227:(ATF), the FBI
221:
197:
151:
146:~20 militants (
132:
128:
114:
112:
110:
102:
100:
98:
90:
88:
86:
77:
75:
61:
56:(especially in
17:
12:
11:
5:
4307:
4305:
4297:
4296:
4291:
4286:
4281:
4276:
4271:
4266:
4256:
4255:
4249:
4248:
4246:
4245:
4230:
4227:
4226:
4223:
4222:
4219:
4218:
4216:
4215:
4206:
4204:
4200:
4199:
4197:
4196:
4188:
4180:
4172:
4164:
4155:
4153:
4147:
4146:
4143:
4142:
4140:
4139:
4132:
4125:
4118:
4111:
4103:
4101:
4097:
4096:
4094:
4093:
4086:
4079:
4072:
4065:
4058:
4051:
4043:
4041:
4034:
4030:
4029:
4027:
4026:
4018:
4010:
4002:
3994:
3986:
3978:
3970:
3962:
3954:
3946:
3938:
3930:
3922:
3914:
3906:
3898:
3894:Meet Your Meat
3890:
3882:
3874:
3866:
3857:
3855:
3851:
3850:
3848:
3847:
3839:
3831:
3823:
3815:
3807:
3799:
3791:
3783:
3775:
3767:
3759:
3751:
3743:
3735:
3727:
3719:
3711:
3703:
3695:
3691:The New Ethics
3687:
3679:
3671:
3663:
3655:
3647:
3639:
3631:
3622:
3620:
3612:
3611:
3608:
3601:
3600:
3597:
3596:
3593:
3592:
3590:
3589:
3583:
3581:
3577:
3576:
3574:
3573:
3567:
3561:
3555:
3549:
3543:
3537:
3531:
3525:
3522:Animals' Party
3519:
3513:
3507:
3501:
3494:
3492:
3488:
3487:
3484:
3483:
3481:
3480:
3475:
3469:
3464:
3458:
3456:
3452:
3451:
3449:
3448:
3443:
3438:
3433:
3428:
3423:
3418:
3413:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3393:
3388:
3383:
3378:
3373:
3368:
3363:
3358:
3353:
3348:
3343:
3338:
3333:
3328:
3323:
3318:
3313:
3308:
3303:
3298:
3293:
3291:AnimaNaturalis
3288:
3283:
3278:
3273:
3268:
3263:
3261:Animal Justice
3258:
3253:
3248:
3242:
3240:
3233:
3225:
3224:
3218:
3211:
3210:
3207:
3206:
3203:
3202:
3199:
3198:
3196:
3195:
3193:Gretchen Wyler
3190:
3185:
3180:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3123:Lewis Gompertz
3120:
3115:
3113:Emarel Freshel
3110:
3105:
3103:Muriel Dowding
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3054:
3052:
3048:
3047:
3045:
3044:
3039:
3037:Gary Yourofsky
3034:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3009:
3004:
2999:
2994:
2989:
2984:
2979:
2974:
2969:
2964:
2959:
2954:
2952:Ingrid Newkirk
2949:
2944:
2939:
2934:
2929:
2924:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2904:
2899:
2897:Charlotte Laws
2894:
2889:
2884:
2879:
2874:
2869:
2864:
2859:
2854:
2849:
2844:
2839:
2834:
2829:
2824:
2822:Yves Bonnardel
2819:
2814:
2809:
2804:
2799:
2797:Martin Balluch
2794:
2789:
2784:
2778:
2776:
2769:
2765:
2764:
2761:
2760:
2758:
2757:
2752:
2747:
2745:Steven M. Wise
2742:
2737:
2732:
2727:
2722:
2717:
2712:
2707:
2702:
2697:
2692:
2690:Bernard Rollin
2687:
2682:
2677:
2672:
2667:
2662:
2657:
2652:
2650:Leonard Nelson
2647:
2642:
2637:
2632:
2627:
2622:
2617:
2612:
2607:
2602:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2582:
2577:
2572:
2567:
2562:
2557:
2555:Herman Daggett
2552:
2547:
2545:Priscilla Cohn
2542:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2520:Jeremy Bentham
2516:
2514:
2510:
2509:
2507:
2506:
2501:
2496:
2491:
2486:
2481:
2476:
2471:
2466:
2461:
2456:
2451:
2446:
2441:
2436:
2434:Jessica Pierce
2431:
2426:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2376:
2371:
2366:
2364:Kyle Johannsen
2361:
2356:
2351:
2346:
2341:
2336:
2331:
2326:
2321:
2316:
2311:
2306:
2301:
2296:
2291:
2289:David DeGrazia
2286:
2281:
2276:
2271:
2266:
2261:
2256:
2251:
2246:
2241:
2236:
2231:
2229:Carol J. Adams
2225:
2223:
2216:
2206:
2205:
2199:
2192:
2191:
2188:
2187:
2184:
2183:
2181:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2165:
2159:
2157:
2153:
2152:
2150:
2149:
2144:
2138:
2136:
2132:
2131:
2129:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2113:
2108:
2103:
2101:Pit of despair
2098:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2077:
2075:
2071:
2070:
2067:
2066:
2064:
2063:
2058:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2038:
2033:
2031:Abandoned pets
2027:
2025:
2021:
2020:
2018:
2017:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1971:
1969:
1963:
1962:
1960:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1943:
1941:
1935:
1934:
1932:
1931:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1911:
1906:
1901:
1896:
1891:
1886:
1880:
1878:
1876:Animal welfare
1872:
1871:
1869:
1868:
1863:
1858:
1853:
1851:Model organism
1848:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1828:
1823:
1818:
1812:
1810:
1808:Animal testing
1804:
1803:
1801:
1800:
1795:
1790:
1785:
1783:Working animal
1780:
1775:
1773:Slaughterhouse
1770:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1748:Insect farming
1745:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1720:
1715:
1710:
1708:Animal product
1704:
1702:
1693:
1689:
1688:
1686:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1670:
1665:
1663:Sentiocentrism
1660:
1655:
1650:
1645:
1640:
1635:
1630:
1625:
1620:
1615:
1610:
1605:
1600:
1595:
1588:
1583:
1578:
1573:
1571:Animal welfare
1568:
1563:
1558:
1553:
1548:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1527:
1525:
1521:
1520:
1518:
1517:
1512:
1507:
1502:
1497:
1492:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1451:
1449:
1441:
1440:
1437:
1430:
1429:
1424:
1422:
1421:
1414:
1407:
1399:
1393:
1392:
1387:
1382:
1377:
1372:
1365:
1364:External links
1362:
1360:
1359:
1337:
1310:
1278:
1245:
1219:
1193:
1171:
1150:
1125:
1111:
1097:
1072:
1040:
1026:
1012:
980:
947:
933:
919:
905:
900:New York Times
884:
870:
845:
818:
800:
768:
742:
724:
694:
668:
642:
616:
584:
547:
525:
507:
489:
464:
445:
443:
440:
439:
438:
433:
428:
423:
418:
413:
408:
401:
398:
373:
370:
344:
341:
272:
269:
237:Daniel McGowan
220:
217:
196:
193:
164:
163:
159:
158:
154:
153:
144:
140:
139:
135:
134:
123:
72:
71:
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66:
63:
62:
52:
50:
46:
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42:
34:
33:
26:
25:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4306:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4287:
4285:
4282:
4280:
4277:
4275:
4274:Animal rights
4272:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4264:Eco-terrorism
4262:
4261:
4259:
4240:
4232:
4231:
4228:
4213:
4212:
4208:
4207:
4205:
4201:
4194:
4193:
4189:
4186:
4185:
4181:
4178:
4177:
4173:
4170:
4169:
4168:Tame Yourself
4165:
4162:
4161:
4157:
4156:
4154:
4152:
4148:
4138:
4137:
4133:
4131:
4130:
4129:No Compromise
4126:
4124:
4123:
4119:
4117:
4116:
4112:
4110:
4109:
4105:
4104:
4102:
4098:
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4031:
4024:
4023:
4019:
4016:
4015:
4011:
4008:
4007:
4003:
4000:
3999:
3995:
3992:
3991:
3987:
3984:
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3808:
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3664:
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3648:
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3640:
3637:
3636:
3632:
3630:(3rd century)
3629:
3628:
3624:
3623:
3621:
3617:
3613:
3606:
3602:
3588:
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3560:(Netherlands)
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3286:Animal Rising
3284:
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3256:Animal Ethics
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3154:
3153:Jessie Mackay
3151:
3149:
3146:
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3141:
3139:
3136:
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3131:
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3128:James Granger
3126:
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3119:
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3069:
3066:
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3063:Henry B. Amos
3061:
3059:
3056:
3055:
3053:
3049:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3032:Louise Wallis
3030:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2997:Kim Stallwood
2995:
2993:
2992:Jasmin Singer
2990:
2988:
2987:Nathan Runkle
2985:
2983:
2980:
2978:
2975:
2973:
2972:David Olivier
2970:
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2857:John Feldmann
2855:
2853:
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2845:
2843:
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2838:
2835:
2833:
2832:Aymeric Caron
2830:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2820:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2802:Carole Baskin
2800:
2798:
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2773:
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2705:Laurids Smith
2703:
2701:
2698:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2675:James Rachels
2673:
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2668:
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2648:
2646:
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2620:John Lawrence
2618:
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2533:
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2530:Brigid Brophy
2528:
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2523:
2521:
2518:
2517:
2515:
2511:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2495:
2494:Tatjana Višak
2492:
2490:
2487:
2485:
2484:David Sztybel
2482:
2480:
2479:Cass Sunstein
2477:
2475:
2472:
2470:
2467:
2465:
2462:
2460:
2457:
2455:
2452:
2450:
2447:
2445:
2444:Mark Rowlands
2442:
2440:
2439:Evelyn Pluhar
2437:
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2422:
2420:
2417:
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2397:
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2394:Andrew Linzey
2392:
2390:
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2380:
2379:Will Kymlicka
2377:
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2362:
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2359:Dale Jamieson
2357:
2355:
2352:
2350:
2347:
2345:
2342:
2340:
2339:Valéry Giroux
2337:
2335:
2334:Robert Garner
2332:
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2327:
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2322:
2320:
2317:
2315:
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2307:
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2302:
2300:
2299:Sue Donaldson
2297:
2295:
2292:
2290:
2287:
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2279:J. M. Coetzee
2277:
2275:
2272:
2270:
2267:
2265:
2262:
2260:
2257:
2255:
2252:
2250:
2247:
2245:
2244:Tom Beauchamp
2242:
2240:
2237:
2235:
2232:
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2227:
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2220:
2217:
2211:
2207:
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2176:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2160:
2158:
2154:
2148:
2147:Hunt sabotage
2145:
2143:
2140:
2139:
2137:
2135:Methodologies
2133:
2127:
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2119:
2117:
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2037:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2028:
2026:
2022:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1980:Hare coursing
1978:
1976:
1973:
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1968:
1964:
1958:
1955:
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1948:
1945:
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1942:
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1723:Chick culling
1721:
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1716:
1714:
1711:
1709:
1706:
1705:
1703:
1701:
1697:
1694:
1690:
1684:
1683:Vegetarianism
1681:
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1581:Anthrozoology
1579:
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1552:
1551:Animal ethics
1549:
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1426:Animal rights
1420:
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783:
778:
772:
769:
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756:Rolling Stone
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388:
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379:
378:eco-terrorism
371:
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321:
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194:
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181:eco-terrorism
178:
177:animal rights
174:
170:
160:
155:
149:
145:
142:
141:
136:
131:
127:
124:
121:
109:
97:
85:
84:United States
74:
73:
68:
59:
55:
54:United States
51:
48:
47:
43:
40:
39:
35:
32:
27:
22:
19:
4209:
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4174:
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4113:
4106:
4088:
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4012:
4004:
3996:
3988:
3980:
3972:
3964:
3956:
3948:
3940:
3932:
3924:
3916:
3908:
3900:
3892:
3884:
3876:
3868:
3860:
3841:
3833:
3825:
3817:
3809:
3801:
3793:
3785:
3777:
3769:
3761:
3753:
3745:
3737:
3729:
3721:
3713:
3705:
3697:
3689:
3681:
3673:
3665:
3657:
3649:
3641:
3633:
3625:
3478:Oxford Group
3346:Every Animal
3239:Contemporary
3188:Andrew Tyler
3178:Nell Shipman
3118:André Géraud
3027:Jerry Vlasak
3002:Lynda Stoner
2977:Alex Pacheco
2912:Evanna Lynch
2907:Howard Lyman
2892:Wayne Hsiung
2852:Chris DeRose
2842:Rod Coronado
2775:Contemporary
2715:Thomas Tryon
2635:Mary Midgley
2630:Jean Meslier
2610:Soame Jenyns
2600:John Hildrop
2595:Arthur Helps
2560:Richard Dean
2535:Peter Buchan
2474:Gary Steiner
2469:Peter Singer
2464:JĂ©rĂ´me Segal
2429:David Pearce
2419:Clare Palmer
2409:David Nibert
2399:Clair Linzey
2309:Joan Dunayer
2234:Aysha Akhtar
2222:Contemporary
2091:McLibel case
2046:Animal trial
2005:Seal hunting
1967:Wild animals
1952:Fishing bait
1914:Pain in fish
1860:
1733:Fish farming
1713:Battery cage
1633:Meat paradox
1590:
1531:Abolitionism
1350:. Retrieved
1340:
1328:. Retrieved
1324:the original
1313:
1301:. Retrieved
1297:the original
1290:
1281:
1269:. Retrieved
1265:the original
1258:
1248:
1236:. Retrieved
1232:www.vice.com
1231:
1222:
1210:. Retrieved
1206:
1196:
1184:. Retrieved
1174:
1141:. Retrieved
1137:
1128:
1114:
1100:
1088:. Retrieved
1084:
1075:
1063:. Retrieved
1052:
1043:
1029:
1015:
1003:. Retrieved
999:the original
992:
983:
971:. Retrieved
967:the original
960:
950:
936:
922:
908:
899:
873:
861:. Retrieved
857:
848:
836:. Retrieved
832:the original
821:
803:
791:. Retrieved
787:the original
780:
771:
759:. Retrieved
755:
745:
727:
715:. Retrieved
711:the original
685:. Retrieved
681:
671:
659:. Retrieved
655:the original
645:
633:. Retrieved
629:the original
619:
607:. Retrieved
596:
587:
575:. Retrieved
571:the original
564:
538:. Retrieved
528:
510:
492:
480:. Retrieved
476:
467:
449:
406:Earth First!
391:
387:Jerry Vlasak
375:
366:Rod Coronado
349:Eric McDavid
346:
337:
322:
315:
300:
289:
285:
281:
277:
274:
253:
222:
198:
168:
167:
70:Belligerents
29:Part of The
18:
4033:Periodicals
3910:The Meatrix
3886:The Witness
3500:(Australia)
3474:(1891–1919)
3356:Faunalytics
3183:Henry Spira
3173:Hans Ruesch
3163:Jill Phipps
3158:Norm Phelps
3138:Barry Horne
3098:Royal Dixon
3093:Karen Davis
3073:Ernest Bell
2967:Ric O'Barry
2962:Jack Norris
2932:Dan Mathews
2837:Jake Conroy
2807:Barbi Twins
2782:James Aspey
2720:Gary Varner
2710:John Styles
2550:Henry Crowe
2499:Paul Waldau
2489:Michael Tye
2384:Renan Larue
2369:Melanie Joy
2354:Oscar Horta
2349:John Hadley
2319:Catia Faria
2314:Mylan Engel
2284:Alice Crary
2254:Steven Best
2249:Marc Bekoff
2215:and writers
2156:Observances
2061:Live export
1995:Ivory trade
1866:Vivisection
1841:Green Scare
1738:Fur farming
1643:Open rescue
1638:Nonviolence
1330:10 December
1238:12 November
1005:10 December
426:Will Potter
416:Green Scare
31:Green Scare
4258:Categories
4022:Seaspiracy
3926:Earthlings
3566:(Portugal)
3540:DierAnimal
3455:Historical
3251:Animal Aid
3143:Marie Huot
3088:Joan Court
3068:Bob Barker
3051:Historical
2942:LuĂsa Mell
2922:Keith Mann
2917:Bill Maher
2902:Ronnie Lee
2872:Tal Gilboa
2847:Karen Dawn
2787:Greg Avery
2665:Rod Preece
2580:T. Forster
2540:Mona Caird
2513:Historical
2374:Hilda Kean
2344:Lori Gruen
1678:Vegaphobia
1668:Speciesism
1561:Animal law
1303:15 October
1271:15 October
1212:22 October
1065:15 October
973:15 October
838:15 October
793:15 October
761:22 October
609:15 October
482:22 October
442:References
421:Jeff Luers
358:Washington
211:(ELF) and
195:Background
148:The Family
4176:Manifesto
4115:Bite Back
4100:Magazines
3974:Vegucated
3572:(Germany)
3570:V-ParteiÂł
3548:(Germany)
3542:(Belgium)
3518:(Finland)
3341:Equanimal
2927:Jim Mason
2882:Mark Gold
2817:Gene Baur
2792:Matt Ball
2768:Activists
2680:Tom Regan
2459:Jeff Sebo
2404:Dan Lyons
2213:Academics
2201:Advocates
2056:Live food
1856:Nafovanny
1763:Livestock
1743:Fur trade
1718:Bile bear
1653:Personism
1448:Overviews
1090:21 August
311:marijuana
4239:Category
4108:Arkangel
4040:Journals
4014:Dominion
3950:The Cove
3580:Activism
3524:(Sweden)
3512:(Canada)
3506:(Europe)
3220:Movement
2755:Voltaire
1673:Veganism
1623:Ethology
1524:Concepts
1352:21 March
1186:21 March
1164:Archived
1059:Archived
811:Archived
735:Archived
717:21 March
687:21 March
661:21 March
635:21 March
603:Archived
577:21 March
540:21 March
518:Archived
500:Archived
457:Archived
400:See also
372:Analysis
333:Portland
229:indicted
138:Strength
49:Location
3554:(Italy)
3536:(Spain)
3530:(Italy)
3491:Parties
1985:Hunting
1939:Fishing
1598:Carnism
1143:17 June
1085:FBI.gov
863:21 June
411:Ecotage
249:suicide
219:Arrests
215:(ALF).
143:Unknown
4241:
4214:(2003)
4195:(2014)
4187:(2014)
4179:(2008)
4171:(1991)
4163:(1987)
4151:Albums
4025:(2021)
4017:(2018)
4009:(2016)
4001:(2013)
3993:(2013)
3985:(2013)
3977:(2011)
3969:(2011)
3961:(2009)
3953:(2009)
3945:(2007)
3937:(2006)
3929:(2005)
3921:(2004)
3913:(2003)
3905:(2003)
3897:(2002)
3889:(2000)
3881:(2000)
3873:(1998)
3865:(1981)
3846:(2022)
3838:(2022)
3830:(2020)
3822:(2018)
3814:(2016)
3806:(2014)
3798:(2012)
3790:(2010)
3782:(2009)
3774:(2008)
3766:(2005)
3758:(2001)
3750:(1999)
3742:(1995)
3734:(1993)
3726:(1987)
3718:(1983)
3710:(1975)
3702:(1971)
3694:(1907)
3686:(1906)
3678:(1899)
3670:(1897)
3662:(1892)
3654:(1883)
3646:(1838)
3638:(1824)
3232:Groups
1692:Issues
1536:Ahimsa
81:
58:Oregon
4136:Satya
3854:Films
3619:Books
3441:Viva!
2074:Cases
2024:Other
329:Syria
307:China
296:Spain
233:arson
122:(OSP)
3381:L214
2106:SHAC
1354:2012
1332:2012
1305:2021
1273:2021
1240:2021
1214:2021
1188:2012
1145:2019
1092:2018
1067:2021
1007:2012
975:2021
865:2021
840:2021
795:2021
763:2021
719:2012
689:2012
663:2012
637:2012
611:2021
579:2012
542:2012
484:2021
325:Cuba
303:Dali
261:Vail
257:oath
187:and
162:None
41:Date
1138:FBI
108:ATF
96:FBI
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