20:
357:. Gun salutes were to be given on the boat exactly for two minutes and 35 seconds. Instructions for music included pipers playing and fading out at exactly two minutes and 45 seconds. Planes would overfly the procession route. From London Waterloo station, the coffin would be transported in a special train to Bladon, the final resting place.
482:. The plan detailed the roles of more than 1,000 people, government and military authorities. The last version of Operation Hope Not was issued under the "London District: Special District Order" by Major-General E.J.B. Nelson, General Officer Commanding London District and Major-General Commanding of the Household Brigade on 26 January.
301:. From there he in his coffin would be taken by a gun carriage through the streets of London to St Paul's Cathedral, where the funeral service would be held. Inserted in the document was a precise map of the route of the entire procession. The procession was to pass through major locations relevant to Churchill's life, including
380:. The Grenadier Guards would be responsible during the main procession, while the Queen’s Royal Irish Hussars would be responsible for boarding the funeral train and off again and during lowering into the grave. The Earl Marshal's Office would issue invitations and tickets to the service and receive apologies of absence.
451:." Churchill and Roosevelt had even hatched a plot to overthrow de Gaulle from the French leadership. It was after an earnest pleading from the Duke of Norfolk to include the French President for political reasons that Churchill finally agreed. In 1960, the proposal for transporting the coffin from the Thames was at
446:
had distrusted as leader of the French during and after World War II. As the Duke of
Norfolk read the name of de Gaulle, Churchill objected to the inclusion. Though on the same side during World War II, Churchill felt that de Gaulle had a perennial enmity towards England. To him de Gaulle had been "a
226:
It was agreed that Sir
Winston should Lie in State in Westminster Hall. It is proposed that Members of both Houses of Parliament should be present at Westminster Hall when the coffin arrives there, as there will not be space for them all in the Abbey . The State Funeral would take place at St. Paul's
507:
in Kew. Following the 30-year secrecy policy, they were first displayed for public viewing on 31 January 1995. One of the original copies belonged to Philip
Bainbridge from the B2 team of Scotland Yard. After execution of the plan, Bainbridge gave it to his daughter Janet Burnett for her anniversary
391:
was 59 pages long and strictly concerned with traffic systems and security patrols. Timings for traffic lights, opening, and closing of bridges over Thames, to be monitored by 527 officers were specified. 282 officers would oversee security from the night before the funeral. It also gave exact time
404:, the changes were necessary because Churchill "kept living and the pallbearers kept dying." One change was the place of burial. Churchill originally willed that he be buried in his croquet lawn at Chartwell, in Kent, but since he was to be given a full state funeral, a more respectable graveyard,
285:, he asked Anthony Montague Browne to include many military bands, saying, "Remember, I want lots of military bands." The final document completed on 2 November 1964 consisted of 200 pages. The tentative day of the event was marked "D" Day. It was shelved on 26 January 1965 in an envelope marked "
459:, a more circuitous route, which was accepted. Churchill's choice of Waterloo had no particular reason other than his "impish sense of humour;" being amused with the picture that de Gaulle would have to walk bare-headed under the Waterloo archway that marked Britain's victory over France in the
334:
and representatives of the City of London, members of the civil services, officers and staff of the House of
Commons, members of the Royal Navy, members of the Army, members of the Royal Air Force, mayors, Colonial Office, Commonwealth Relations Office, Scottish Office, Northern Ireland Office,
274:
The question of security is all-important. The GOC London
District is most anxious that no reference to the plan should appear in the press before the event, for obvious reasons. He directs service personnel, and requests outside organisations, to see that all documents referring to 'HOPE NOT'
419:
and his ashes be buried at his
Chartwell home near the pet cemetery where his two prized dogs Rufus I (died in 1947) and Rufus II (died in 1962) were buried. In 1964, Lady Churchill suggested as an accomplishment of this will a cremation before the lying in state, but was argued by the
508:
present. Burnett gave the documents for auction. The copy of the plans were sold for £472 in
Farleigh Court Golf Course in Surrey on 22 February 2017. Responding to why she sold them, Burnett said that she could not decide which of her six grandchildren she would pass them on to.
246:, fell and broke his hip. Fearing the injury to be worse than it actually was, he told Montague Browne "Remember, I want to die in England. Promise me that you will see to it." Montague Browne immediately telephoned Harold Macmillan who activated part of Operation Hope Not. The
270:
It has been decided to nominate the senior commander for 'Hope Not', and to issue the detailed orders for the operation on a wider distribution than has been done hitherto. The object is to ensure that plans can be quickly and smoothly put into effect, if and when the time
309:
carrying the achievements of a heraldic funeral such as the spurs, crest, targe, and sword. The Earl
Marshal with the heralds were to enter the Great West Door of the Cathedral at 10.49 a.m. The Queen's movement was also specified. She would arrive at the cathedral from
387:). It directed officers and personnel on duty, the parade timings, traffic control, refreshments and location of canteens, first aid facilities, uniforms, the route to be taken by the Queen and the royal families, and the funeral procession. The other document named
131:
was kept secret by the family. Queen
Elizabeth II was among the few who were informed. It was the Queen who insisted that a funeral plan should be prepared should the time come. The venue for lying in state was set in 1957. Writing to the Duke of Norfolk,
477:
Churchill died on 24 January 1965. By decree of the Queen, his body lay in state in
Westminster Hall for three days from 27 January, before the actual state funeral of Churchill on 30 January. The funeral plan was implemented by the Duke of Norfolk,
447:
man who looks like a female llama surprised in her bath," "a bitter foe of Britain" who "hates England and has left a trail of Anglophobia behind him everywhere." Supporting Churchill, Roosevelt had remarked de Gaulle as dictatorial and having a "
372:. Soldiers lining the street would be provided with either tea and buns, or tea and a haversack ration. Evening meal would be provided in the concentration areas or barracks. Pallbearers consisted of two teams from different regiments, the
494:
and started with the instructions for "Movement of the military and civilian organisation". It consisted of 115 pages of texts and more than 300 pages of maps. Copies of the documents were kept at Arundel Castle Archives in West Sussex,
152:
The Queen has intimated that, if it is in accordance with the wishes of the family, there should be plans for Sir Winston to have a State Funeral, and that the Duke of Norfolk, as Earl Marshal, should be responsible for them.
2825:
280:
In 1963, an official committee was created with the Duke of Norfolk as its chairman. Churchill himself had little to do with the plan. He did tell Harold Macmillan that there would be lively hymns. As a fan of
1921:
2551:
231:, and thence by river to Waterloo Station where a special train would be waiting to go to Woodstock. The few who would be going to Woodstock would go directly from the Cathedral to Waterloo by car.
1645:
19:
1911:
1147:
722:
50:. While in his second term he was struck by a major stroke in 1953 that caused concern for his health. The British Government started a meticulous preparation, as officially decreed by
1841:
2511:
2764:
2753:
2252:
222:. By October 1960 the general details were approved, including invitations and the funeral procession, as indicated in Browne's letter to Lady Churchill on 16 October, stating:
1984:
119:
Original copies of the final documents, exceeding 415 pages, issued on 26 January 1965 are held in a number of repositories, and one privately held copy was auctioned in 2017.
2616:
2544:
2307:
2264:
2758:
133:
383:
There were two additional documents. One was a 47-page-long booklet and titled 'Operation Hope Not' but contained instructions from the London Metropolitan Police (now
360:
There would be 575 military officers with 6,508 soldiers. Precise timings were allocated for them to have their refreshments. Processional troops would assemble at the
2505:
2334:
2312:
195:, was produced. The plan was kept as a personal and confidential document. It was decided that Churchill would be carried from Westminster Hall to St Paul's by a
2830:
2537:
479:
62:
1906:
2684:
1963:
472:
31:
179:
I have not told the Duke of Norfolk of Sir Winston's wish to be buried at Chartwell, but the Duke was assuming that it would be in the country (he supposed
2173:
1878:
627:
2276:
408:, was chosen. What inspired the change of burial was that Churchill visited Bladon in late 1959, where his ancestors were interred, including his father
2728:
2586:
2427:
2376:
2242:
2118:
1928:
2281:
429:
74:
335:
London County Council, Merchant Navy, Civil Aviation Authority, industry, the press, and representatives of organisations Churchill was linked to.
58:, Churchill "kept living and the pallbearers kept dying" such that the plan had to be revised several times in the years before his death in 1965.
2606:
1989:
2795:
1938:
1612:
1358:
730:
504:
218:, and its exact timing was specified as 12:50 p.m. for departure and 1:05 p.m. for arrival at the destination, now to be adjacent to
250:
returned Churchill to London, against the advice of French doctors that he was not to be moved. Churchill recovered after spending 55 days at
2591:
2329:
2317:
2017:
1781:
1595:
1478:
1436:
766:
576:
318:. Seats were allotted for the royal family, Churchill's family, the Lord Mayor and family, members of the House of Lords, Foreign Office and
199:, from Thames to Gravesend in a two-hour sail, and then to Chartwell in a 25-mile journey which would take 73 minutes. In 1959 a steam yacht
42:, and was begun in 1953, twelve years before his death. The detailed plan was prepared in 1958. Churchill led the country to victory in the
2601:
2561:
70:
47:
435:
When Churchill discussed his plan for burial in Bladon in 1959, the VIP guest list was also prepared. Among the list of invitees was the
2748:
2659:
2596:
2259:
1916:
258:
165:
1325:
2324:
2110:
965:
2481:
2733:
2237:
2199:
1953:
916:
891:
127:
Planning for the funeral of Winston Churchill began after the prime minister had a major stroke in 1953. The incident at a party at
412:. Tapping over an empty plot he was heard to remark, "This is my place here." He changed his will for burial on 31 December 1959.
297:
The plan was very detailed; all activities were timed to the second. Churchill would be lying in state at Westminster Hall in the
2738:
2718:
2041:
23:
Churchill giving the V sign in Whitehall on the day he broadcast to the nation that the war with Germany had been won, 8 May 1945
986:
2417:
2209:
2081:
1933:
1901:
1871:
1836:
105:
2499:
2790:
2138:
2057:
1820:
1225:
940:
377:
140:, mentioned that Westminster Hall would be the place. The actual plan was initiated in 1958, as indicated in a letter from
2785:
2386:
2159:
405:
302:
243:
113:
2225:
2204:
2145:
1996:
1943:
500:
2743:
2674:
2437:
2399:
2247:
2105:
1948:
756:
384:
1958:
286:
1577:
1041:
2820:
2723:
2469:
2166:
1864:
1275:
392:
table for police duties from morning (2 a.m.) of the funeral day to 1.25 p.m. when the train would leave Waterloo.
1748:
2529:
2463:
2230:
2219:
496:
2001:
421:
346:
400:
In the course of time certain details of the plan were modified to suit the changing situations. According to
2611:
2493:
2487:
2049:
544:
456:
409:
323:
262:
219:
141:
1552:
2780:
2637:
2381:
1979:
157:
137:
90:
1526:
2422:
2370:
2097:
443:
350:
327:
298:
1851:
1501:
674:
2578:
2445:
2089:
235:
A hearse van was set aside in 1962 specifically for the funeral train and kept out of public view at
156:
It is suggested that there should be a Lying in State in Westminster Hall followed by the Service at
145:
211:
was chosen. The third version of the plan was prepared on 10 February 1960. The boat was changed to
2669:
2392:
2214:
2152:
1013:
860:
365:
361:
424:
that embalming would be a more appropriate choice for the public impression. J. H. Kenyon Ltd. of
257:
In July 1962 an elaborate document for the plan was labelled as "Secret". Issued by Major General
2457:
2287:
783:
652:
528:
460:
452:
425:
251:
169:
51:
40:
The State Funeral of The Right Honourable Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill, K.G., O.M., C.H.
1887:
1816:
1787:
1777:
1676:
1620:
1591:
1474:
1432:
1366:
1306:
1256:
1203:
1178:
1073:
961:
936:
912:
887:
841:
762:
572:
448:
439:
311:
161:
35:
2270:
2065:
1583:
1466:
1424:
1340:
436:
401:
373:
188:
187:
Thus the funeral plan was drawn in its elaborate form in 1958, when the then-Prime Minister
86:
55:
43:
1722:
2451:
2412:
2354:
696:
315:
306:
247:
228:
180:
54:, to be of a commemoration "on a scale befitting his position in history". As remarked by
1695:
1390:
809:
597:
203:
was initially proposed for transportation on the Thames, but as it was under repair, the
164:, as St Paul's has the precedents of comparatively recent great national heroes, such as
81:
was issued on 26 January and implemented on 30 January 1965. During the funeral his body
2517:
2406:
282:
128:
82:
1846:
2814:
2679:
2364:
2073:
2033:
521:
354:
319:
236:
204:
1148:"Churchill's Final Farewell: The State and Private Funeral of Sir Winston Churchill"
2664:
2180:
1458:
1416:
339:
212:
196:
101:
94:
66:
1842:
Operation Hope Not & The Palace of Westminster - UK Parliament Living Heritage
758:
Churchill's Final Farewell: The State and Private Funeral of Sir Winston Churchill
1810:
566:
492:
State Funeral of the Late Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill, K.G., O.M., C.H.
79:
State Funeral of the Late Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill, K.G., O.M., C.H.
2475:
349:
in 1954 and was in service since 1956. It was to carry Churchill's coffin from
1791:
1587:
1326:"The Death and State Funeral of Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill Part II"
1680:
1646:"The death of Sir Winston Churchill and the top-secret plans for his funeral"
1624:
1370:
1310:
1260:
1207:
1182:
1077:
845:
345:. The boat assigned for the transportation up Thames was commissioned by the
2359:
1470:
1428:
416:
242:
Part of the plan was tested on 28 June 1962 after Churchill, staying at the
173:
191:
took the initiative. On 21 March 1958, the first draft of the plan, titled
1670:
1300:
1250:
1197:
1172:
1067:
1042:"Top secret plans for Winston Churchill's funeral revealed after 50 years"
835:
369:
331:
1091:
2025:
1837:
Operation Hope Not and funeral service documents at the College of Arms
1115:
415:
Before the plan was made, Churchill had originally willed that he be
109:
1856:
18:
1613:"Churchill and Roosevelt Wanted de Gaulle Out, Britain Discloses"
1359:"Churchill and Roosevelt Wanted de Gaulle Out, Britain Discloses"
911:, Horsham, Surrey: Oxford Publishing Company, pp. 194, 223,
172:. Thereafter there would be a small private interment service at
2533:
1860:
77:. Churchill died on 24 January 1965, and the final plan titled
933:
Winston and Clementine: The Personal Letters of the Churchills
2754:
2002: Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother (Operation Tay Bridge)
527:
Operation Hope Not was the central theme in David R. Stokes'
338:
From the cathedral, he would be taken to Thames to board the
1226:"Operation 'Hope Not: How Churchill Planned His Own Funeral"
723:"The death of Winston Churchill was the day the Empire died"
305:, where he got married. The procession would be led by four
2826:
Non-combat military operations involving the United Kingdom
1417:"'Our Mutual Headache': Churchill, Roosevelt and de Gaulle"
571:. Nashville, TN (US): Thomas Nelson Inc. pp. 376–380.
1582:. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. pp. 158–168.
1553:"How Churchill plotted against 'our bitter foe' De Gaulle"
628:"Winston Churchill's funeral was 12 years in the planning"
1696:"Editors' Diary | Notes from Town & Country, 23 June"
1459:"Churchill and de Gaulle: Makers and Writers of History"
2744:
1979: The Earl Mountbatten of Burma (Operation Freeman)
1723:"Sir Winston Churchill's funeral plans sell at auction"
1276:"Winston Churchill's Closest Confidant | Piers Brendon"
516:
Operation Hope Not was featured in the BBC documentary
455:, but as a recompense of his wish, Churchill demanded
1749:"BBC - Churchill: A Nation's Farewell - Media Centre"
1502:"The concord and conflict of De Gaulle and Churchill"
2765:
2021: The Duke of Edinburgh (Operation Forth Bridge)
322:, ministers, Members of Parliaments, members of the
73:
for a person outside the royal family since that of
2773:
2711:
2704:
2652:
2627:
2576:
2569:
2436:
2347:
2297:
2190:
2130:
2010:
1972:
1894:
1465:, London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, pp. 105–123,
1463:
Britain, France and the Entente Cordiale since 1904
1423:, London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, pp. 154–169,
958:
Chasing Churchill: The Travels of Winston Churchill
227:Cathedral, thereafter the coffin would be taken to
1525:
1500:
886:. Headington: Oakwood Press. pp. 77, 80, 85.
275:should be kept securely locked up when not in use.
134:George Cholmondeley, 5th Marquess of Cholmondeley
761:. London, UK: Croft Publishing. pp. 26–27.
697:"St Martin's Parish Church. Bladon. Oxfordshire"
547:, the plan for the funeral of Queen Elizabeth II
183:) although Westminster Abbey had offered itself.
16:State funeral arrangements for Winston Churchill
1579:Canada between Vichy and Free France, 1940-1945
267:
224:
193:Procedure on the Death of Sir Winston Churchill
150:
1457:Reynolds, David (2006), Capet, Antoine (ed.),
655:. Churchill College Cambridge. 21 January 2015
2545:
1872:
1421:Anglo-American Policy towards the Free French
803:
801:
432:since 1928, were assigned for the embalming.
8:
473:Death and state funeral of Winston Churchill
112:, Oxfordshire, where it was interred in the
2174:Never was so much owed by so many to so few
1847:Original BBC footage of Churchill's funeral
314:through Godliman Street to the left of the
61:The official project was undertaken by the
2708:
2624:
2573:
2552:
2538:
2530:
2294:
1879:
1865:
1857:
1776:. Fairfax, Virginia: Critical Mass Books.
935:. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. p. 639.
909:An Illustrated History of Southern Coaches
160:. This is thought to be more fitting than
2120:A History of the English-Speaking Peoples
1391:"Churchill 'wanted to abandon de Gaulle'"
716:
714:
621:
619:
617:
615:
598:"Sir Winston Spencer-Churchill's funeral"
1694:Pirkis, Gail; Wood, Hazel (2020-06-23).
1035:
1033:
1031:
430:funeral directors to the Royal Household
75:Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington
2602:1952: King George VI (Hyde Park Corner)
981:
979:
977:
750:
748:
557:
89:. The main funeral service was held at
2494:Jennie Jerome, Lady Randolph Churchill
2243:Schools and higher education (various)
1012:Thomson, Katharine (21 January 2015).
859:Thomson, Katharine (21 January 2015).
782:Thomson, Katharine (21 January 2015).
592:
590:
588:
2019:The Story of the Malakand Field Force
2002:Churchill's third ministry, 1951–1955
1717:
1715:
1551:Norton-Taylor, Richard (2000-01-05).
1219:
1217:
1141:
1139:
1137:
1135:
568:America the Last Best Hope. Volume II
148:in the summer of 1958, which stated:
46:(1939–1945) during his first term as
7:
2831:State funerals in the United Kingdom
2562:state funerals in the United Kingdom
808:Hargreaves, Gareth (25 March 2008).
503:, College of Arms in London and the
144:, Churchill's private secretary, to
48:Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
2724:1921: The Marquess of Milford Haven
2106:"Are There Men on the Moon?" (1942)
1815:. Jonathan Cape. pp. 205–233.
960:. Andrews UK Limited. p. 251.
721:Roberts, Andrew (18 January 2015).
626:Dockter, Warren (30 January 2015).
166:Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson
2660:1914: The Earl Roberts of Kandahar
1997:Churchill caretaker ministry, 1945
1852:Documentary pictures at Slideshare
987:"Funeral of Sir Winston Churchill"
30:was the code name of the plan for
14:
2265:Mishkenot Sha'ananim bust, Israel
2248:Boulevard in Mississauga, Ontario
2200:Bibliography of Winston Churchill
1980:Churchill war ministry, 1940–1945
1524:Peregrine, Anthony (2020-11-25).
1040:Smith, Louie (17 February 2017).
600:. Queen's Own Oxfordshire Hussars
2043:London to Ladysmith via Pretoria
1576:Courteaux, Oliver (2013-12-31).
265:, it opened with the statement:
93:. The coffin was transported on
2418:1940 British war cabinet crisis
2210:International Churchill Society
2083:Marlborough: His Life and Times
1324:Van Beck, Todd (October 2012).
1152:International Churchill Society
1146:Croft, Rodney J. (2015-07-24).
884:Southern Railway Passenger Vans
2749:1997: Diana, Princess of Wales
2512:Frances Anne Spencer-Churchill
2215:Churchill War Rooms and Museum
2139:A total and unmitigated defeat
518:Churchill: A Nation’s Farewell
490:The final document was titled
1:
2160:We shall fight on the beaches
1922:"Wilderness" years, 1929–1939
1644:Brendon, Piers (2020-01-24).
1499:Parsons, Nicholas T. (2021).
1274:Brendon, Piers (2019-06-04).
1224:Bradshaw, Liam (2019-02-19).
1016:. Churchill College Cambridge
863:. Churchill College Cambridge
786:. Churchill College Cambridge
326:, judges and legal officers,
2739:1974: The Duke of Gloucester
2226:Churchill College, Cambridge
2146:Blood, toil, tears and sweat
565:Bennett, William J. (2007).
406:St Martin's Church at Bladon
2796:2013: The Baroness Thatcher
2719:1904: The Duke of Cambridge
2712:Members of the Royal Family
2685:1965: Sir Winston Churchill
2400:Terminological inexactitude
1611:Hoge, Warren (2000-01-06).
1527:"On the trail of de Gaulle"
1357:Hoge, Warren (2000-01-06).
385:Metropolitan Police Service
378:Queen’s Royal Irish Hussars
2847:
2387:St Martin's Church, Bladon
2167:This was their finest hour
470:
244:Hôtel de Paris Monte-Carlo
116:, near his father's tomb.
114:St Martin's Church, Bladon
2761:(exhumation and reburial)
2670:1920: The Unknown Warrior
2428:Honorary U.S. citizenship
2231:Churchill Archives Centre
2220:National Churchill Museum
2122:(1956–1958, four volumes)
2085:(1933–1938, four volumes)
2069:(1923–1931, five volumes)
1772:Stokes, David R. (2017).
1683:– via Worldcat.org.
1588:10.3138/9781442661264-014
1313:– via Worldcat.org.
1263:– via Worldcat.org.
1249:Croft, Rodney J. (2014).
1210:– via Worldcat.org.
1196:Croft, Rodney J. (2014).
1185:– via Worldcat.org.
1171:Croft, Rodney J. (2014).
1066:Croft, Rodney J. (2014).
848:– via Worldcat.org.
834:Croft, Rodney J. (2014).
771:– via Google Books.
755:Croft, Rodney J. (2014).
581:– via Google Books.
497:Churchill Archives Centre
108:, and thence by train to
2781:1919: The Lord Beresford
2774:Outside the Royal Family
2653:Outside the Royal Family
2607:2022: Queen Elizabeth II
2114:(1948–1953, six volumes)
1912:Liberal Party, 1904–1924
1812:Heraldry and the Heralds
1669:Croft, Rodney J (2014).
1339:(10): 10. Archived from
1299:Croft, Rodney J (2014).
1014:"Operation Hope Not (3)"
861:"Operation Hope Not (2)"
784:"Operation Hope Not (1)"
422:Archbishop of Canterbury
347:Port of London Authority
2791:1925: The Earl of Ypres
2612:Operation London Bridge
2488:Lord Randolph Churchill
2059:Lord Randolph Churchill
1929:World War II, 1939–1945
1809:Dennys, Rodney (1982).
1471:10.1057/9780230207004_7
1429:10.1057/9780230371644_9
1415:Maguire, G. E. (1995),
699:. The Churchill Society
545:Operation London Bridge
480:Bernard Fitzalan-Howard
457:London Waterloo station
410:Lord Randolph Churchill
324:Great Officers of State
142:Anthony Montague Browne
2759:2015: King Richard III
2638:Operation Menai Bridge
2506:John Spencer-Churchill
2382:Siege of Sidney Street
1907:In politics, 1900–1939
389:Operation Order No 801
278:
233:
185:
138:Lord Great Chamberlain
123:Origin and development
24:
2786:1920: The Lord Fisher
2729:1925: Queen Alexandra
2680:1935: The Lord Carson
2592:1910: King Edward VII
2423:Bengal famine of 1943
2371:Operation Unthinkable
2308:Palace of Westminster
2099:Arms and the Covenant
1934:Later life, 1945–1965
1917:Chancellor, 1924–1929
1902:Early life, 1874–1904
1333:Canadian Funeral News
1116:"Churchill's Funeral"
956:Celia Sandys (2014).
882:Gould, David (1992).
471:Further information:
444:Franklin D. Roosevelt
442:, whom Churchill and
328:Knights of the Garter
287:Her Majesty's Service
69:, to be the grandest
36:Sir Winston Churchill
22:
2587:1901: Queen Victoria
2446:Clementine Churchill
2112:The Second World War
2091:Great Contemporaries
2051:Ian Hamilton's March
931:Mary Soames (2001).
810:"Operation Hope Not"
675:"Operation Hope Not"
653:"Operation Hope Not"
362:Horse Guards Parades
303:St Margaret's Church
299:Houses of Parliament
2705:Ceremonial funerals
2675:1928: The Earl Haig
2597:1936: King George V
2393:Sword of Stalingrad
2282:Cultural depictions
2277:Sutherland portrait
2153:Be ye men of valour
907:King, Mike (2003),
535:published in 2017.
512:Cultural references
396:Later modifications
366:Wellington Barracks
293:Details of the plan
158:St Paul's Cathedral
91:St Paul's Cathedral
2690:Operation Hope Not
2665:1919: Edith Cavell
2470:Marigold Churchill
2458:Randolph Churchill
2377:Political ideology
2288:Churchillian Drift
2222:(Fulton, Missouri)
1774:The Churchill Plot
1729:. 22 February 2017
1617:The New York Times
1363:The New York Times
1305:. pp. 35–36.
1280:Lapham’s Quarterly
1072:. pp. 25–26.
733:on 18 January 2015
677:. ChurchillCentral
533:The Churchill Plot
529:historical fiction
461:Battle of Waterloo
453:Paddington station
426:Paddington, London
252:Middlesex Hospital
170:Duke of Wellington
52:Queen Elizabeth II
28:Operation Hope Not
25:
2821:Winston Churchill
2808:
2807:
2804:
2803:
2700:
2699:
2648:
2647:
2634:King Charles III
2527:
2526:
2482:Winston Churchill
2343:
2342:
2313:Parliament Square
1964:Death and funeral
1939:Electoral history
1888:Winston Churchill
1783:978-0-9969892-5-1
1597:978-1-4426-6126-4
1480:978-1-349-28447-4
1438:978-1-349-39408-1
1230:Churchill Central
993:. 28 January 2015
768:978-1-84396-332-5
578:978-1-41853-110-2
505:National Archives
501:Churchill College
449:Messianic complex
440:Charles de Gaulle
320:privy councillors
312:Buckingham Palace
162:Westminster Abbey
32:the state funeral
2838:
2734:1953: Queen Mary
2709:
2625:
2574:
2554:
2547:
2540:
2531:
2335:Washington, D.C.
2295:
2271:The Roaring Lion
2067:The World Crisis
1881:
1874:
1867:
1858:
1826:
1796:
1795:
1769:
1763:
1762:
1760:
1759:
1745:
1739:
1738:
1736:
1734:
1719:
1710:
1709:
1707:
1706:
1691:
1685:
1684:
1666:
1660:
1659:
1657:
1656:
1641:
1635:
1634:
1632:
1631:
1608:
1602:
1601:
1573:
1567:
1566:
1564:
1563:
1548:
1542:
1541:
1539:
1538:
1529:
1521:
1515:
1514:
1504:
1496:
1490:
1489:
1488:
1487:
1454:
1448:
1447:
1446:
1445:
1412:
1406:
1405:
1403:
1402:
1387:
1381:
1380:
1378:
1377:
1354:
1348:
1347:
1345:
1330:
1321:
1315:
1314:
1296:
1290:
1289:
1287:
1286:
1271:
1265:
1264:
1246:
1240:
1239:
1237:
1236:
1221:
1212:
1211:
1193:
1187:
1186:
1168:
1162:
1161:
1159:
1158:
1143:
1130:
1129:
1127:
1126:
1112:
1106:
1105:
1103:
1102:
1088:
1082:
1081:
1063:
1057:
1056:
1054:
1052:
1037:
1026:
1025:
1023:
1021:
1009:
1003:
1002:
1000:
998:
983:
972:
971:
953:
947:
946:
928:
922:
921:
904:
898:
897:
879:
873:
872:
870:
868:
856:
850:
849:
831:
825:
824:
822:
820:
805:
796:
795:
793:
791:
779:
773:
772:
752:
743:
742:
740:
738:
729:. Archived from
718:
709:
708:
706:
704:
693:
687:
686:
684:
682:
671:
665:
664:
662:
660:
649:
643:
642:
640:
638:
623:
610:
609:
607:
605:
594:
583:
582:
562:
437:French President
402:Lord Mountbatten
374:Grenadier Guards
307:Officers of Arms
259:Sir George Burns
220:Waterloo Station
189:Harold Macmillan
106:Waterloo station
87:Westminster Hall
56:Lord Mountbatten
44:Second World War
38:. It was titled
2846:
2845:
2841:
2840:
2839:
2837:
2836:
2835:
2811:
2810:
2809:
2800:
2769:
2696:
2644:
2623:
2577:Members of the
2565:
2560:Ceremonial and
2558:
2528:
2523:
2464:Sarah Churchill
2452:Diana Churchill
2432:
2413:Tonypandy riots
2355:Blenheim Palace
2339:
2293:
2238:Memorial Trusts
2192:
2186:
2126:
2006:
1968:
1890:
1885:
1833:
1823:
1808:
1805:
1803:Further reading
1800:
1799:
1784:
1771:
1770:
1766:
1757:
1755:
1747:
1746:
1742:
1732:
1730:
1721:
1720:
1713:
1704:
1702:
1693:
1692:
1688:
1668:
1667:
1663:
1654:
1652:
1643:
1642:
1638:
1629:
1627:
1610:
1609:
1605:
1598:
1575:
1574:
1570:
1561:
1559:
1550:
1549:
1545:
1536:
1534:
1523:
1522:
1518:
1498:
1497:
1493:
1485:
1483:
1481:
1456:
1455:
1451:
1443:
1441:
1439:
1414:
1413:
1409:
1400:
1398:
1389:
1388:
1384:
1375:
1373:
1356:
1355:
1351:
1343:
1328:
1323:
1322:
1318:
1298:
1297:
1293:
1284:
1282:
1273:
1272:
1268:
1248:
1247:
1243:
1234:
1232:
1223:
1222:
1215:
1195:
1194:
1190:
1170:
1169:
1165:
1156:
1154:
1145:
1144:
1133:
1124:
1122:
1114:
1113:
1109:
1100:
1098:
1090:
1089:
1085:
1065:
1064:
1060:
1050:
1048:
1039:
1038:
1029:
1019:
1017:
1011:
1010:
1006:
996:
994:
991:College of Arms
985:
984:
975:
968:
955:
954:
950:
943:
930:
929:
925:
919:
906:
905:
901:
894:
881:
880:
876:
866:
864:
858:
857:
853:
833:
832:
828:
818:
816:
807:
806:
799:
789:
787:
781:
780:
776:
769:
754:
753:
746:
736:
734:
720:
719:
712:
702:
700:
695:
694:
690:
680:
678:
673:
672:
668:
658:
656:
651:
650:
646:
636:
634:
625:
624:
613:
603:
601:
596:
595:
586:
579:
564:
563:
559:
554:
541:
514:
488:
475:
469:
398:
316:College of Arms
295:
248:Royal Air Force
125:
63:Duke of Norfolk
17:
12:
11:
5:
2844:
2842:
2834:
2833:
2828:
2823:
2813:
2812:
2806:
2805:
2802:
2801:
2799:
2798:
2793:
2788:
2783:
2777:
2775:
2771:
2770:
2768:
2767:
2762:
2756:
2751:
2746:
2741:
2736:
2731:
2726:
2721:
2715:
2713:
2706:
2702:
2701:
2698:
2697:
2695:
2694:
2693:
2692:
2682:
2677:
2672:
2667:
2662:
2656:
2654:
2650:
2649:
2646:
2645:
2643:
2642:
2641:
2640:
2631:
2629:
2622:
2621:
2620:
2619:
2614:
2604:
2599:
2594:
2589:
2583:
2581:
2571:
2570:State funerals
2567:
2566:
2559:
2557:
2556:
2549:
2542:
2534:
2525:
2524:
2522:
2521:
2518:Leonard Jerome
2515:
2509:
2503:
2500:Jack Churchill
2497:
2491:
2485:
2479:
2473:
2467:
2461:
2455:
2449:
2442:
2440:
2434:
2433:
2431:
2430:
2425:
2420:
2415:
2410:
2407:The Other Club
2403:
2396:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2374:
2367:
2362:
2357:
2351:
2349:
2345:
2344:
2341:
2340:
2338:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2321:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2301:
2299:
2292:
2291:
2284:
2279:
2274:
2267:
2262:
2257:
2256:
2255:
2245:
2240:
2235:
2234:
2233:
2223:
2217:
2212:
2207:
2202:
2196:
2194:
2188:
2187:
2185:
2184:
2177:
2170:
2163:
2156:
2149:
2142:
2134:
2132:
2128:
2127:
2125:
2124:
2116:
2108:
2103:
2095:
2087:
2079:
2071:
2063:
2055:
2047:
2039:
2031:
2023:
2014:
2012:
2008:
2007:
2005:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1993:
1992:
1987:
1976:
1974:
1970:
1969:
1967:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1926:
1925:
1924:
1919:
1914:
1904:
1898:
1896:
1892:
1891:
1886:
1884:
1883:
1876:
1869:
1861:
1855:
1854:
1849:
1844:
1839:
1832:
1831:External links
1829:
1828:
1827:
1821:
1804:
1801:
1798:
1797:
1782:
1764:
1740:
1711:
1700:Slightly Foxed
1686:
1675:. p. 32.
1661:
1636:
1603:
1596:
1568:
1543:
1516:
1491:
1479:
1449:
1437:
1407:
1382:
1349:
1346:on 2014-03-16.
1316:
1291:
1266:
1255:. p. 27.
1241:
1213:
1202:. p. 23.
1188:
1177:. p. 22.
1163:
1131:
1107:
1092:"MV Havengore"
1083:
1058:
1027:
1004:
973:
967:978-1910065280
966:
948:
941:
923:
917:
899:
892:
874:
851:
840:. p. 36.
826:
797:
774:
767:
744:
710:
688:
666:
644:
611:
584:
577:
556:
555:
553:
550:
549:
548:
540:
537:
513:
510:
487:
484:
468:
467:Implementation
465:
397:
394:
294:
291:
283:military bands
277:
276:
272:
239:until needed.
146:Lady Churchill
129:Downing Street
124:
121:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2843:
2832:
2829:
2827:
2824:
2822:
2819:
2818:
2816:
2797:
2794:
2792:
2789:
2787:
2784:
2782:
2779:
2778:
2776:
2772:
2766:
2763:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2716:
2714:
2710:
2707:
2703:
2691:
2688:
2687:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2658:
2657:
2655:
2651:
2639:
2636:
2635:
2633:
2632:
2630:
2626:
2618:
2615:
2613:
2610:
2609:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2600:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2585:
2584:
2582:
2580:
2575:
2572:
2568:
2563:
2555:
2550:
2548:
2543:
2541:
2536:
2535:
2532:
2520:(grandfather)
2519:
2516:
2514:(grandmother)
2513:
2510:
2508:(grandfather)
2507:
2504:
2501:
2498:
2495:
2492:
2489:
2486:
2483:
2480:
2477:
2474:
2471:
2468:
2465:
2462:
2459:
2456:
2453:
2450:
2447:
2444:
2443:
2441:
2439:
2435:
2429:
2426:
2424:
2421:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2411:
2408:
2404:
2401:
2397:
2394:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2372:
2368:
2366:
2365:Norway Debate
2363:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2353:
2352:
2350:
2346:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2309:
2306:
2305:
2303:
2302:
2300:
2296:
2289:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2272:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2260:Epstein busts
2258:
2254:
2251:
2250:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2232:
2229:
2228:
2227:
2224:
2221:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2197:
2195:
2189:
2182:
2178:
2175:
2171:
2168:
2164:
2161:
2157:
2154:
2150:
2147:
2143:
2140:
2136:
2135:
2133:
2129:
2123:
2121:
2117:
2115:
2113:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2100:
2096:
2094:
2092:
2088:
2086:
2084:
2080:
2078:
2076:
2075:My Early Life
2072:
2070:
2068:
2064:
2062:
2060:
2056:
2054:
2052:
2048:
2046:
2044:
2040:
2038:
2036:
2035:The River War
2032:
2030:
2028:
2024:
2022:
2020:
2016:
2015:
2013:
2009:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1982:
1981:
1978:
1977:
1975:
1971:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1927:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1910:
1909:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1899:
1897:
1893:
1889:
1882:
1877:
1875:
1870:
1868:
1863:
1862:
1859:
1853:
1850:
1848:
1845:
1843:
1840:
1838:
1835:
1834:
1830:
1824:
1818:
1814:
1813:
1807:
1806:
1802:
1793:
1789:
1785:
1779:
1775:
1768:
1765:
1754:
1753:www.bbc.co.uk
1750:
1744:
1741:
1728:
1724:
1718:
1716:
1712:
1701:
1697:
1690:
1687:
1682:
1678:
1674:
1673:
1665:
1662:
1651:
1650:History Extra
1647:
1640:
1637:
1626:
1622:
1618:
1614:
1607:
1604:
1599:
1593:
1589:
1585:
1581:
1580:
1572:
1569:
1558:
1554:
1547:
1544:
1533:
1528:
1520:
1517:
1512:
1508:
1503:
1495:
1492:
1482:
1476:
1472:
1468:
1464:
1460:
1453:
1450:
1440:
1434:
1430:
1426:
1422:
1418:
1411:
1408:
1396:
1392:
1386:
1383:
1372:
1368:
1364:
1360:
1353:
1350:
1342:
1338:
1334:
1327:
1320:
1317:
1312:
1308:
1304:
1303:
1295:
1292:
1281:
1277:
1270:
1267:
1262:
1258:
1254:
1253:
1245:
1242:
1231:
1227:
1220:
1218:
1214:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1200:
1192:
1189:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1175:
1167:
1164:
1153:
1149:
1142:
1140:
1138:
1136:
1132:
1121:
1117:
1111:
1108:
1097:
1093:
1087:
1084:
1079:
1075:
1071:
1070:
1062:
1059:
1047:
1043:
1036:
1034:
1032:
1028:
1015:
1008:
1005:
992:
988:
982:
980:
978:
974:
969:
963:
959:
952:
949:
944:
938:
934:
927:
924:
920:
918:0-86093-570-1
914:
910:
903:
900:
895:
893:0-85361-428-8
889:
885:
878:
875:
862:
855:
852:
847:
843:
839:
838:
830:
827:
815:
811:
804:
802:
798:
785:
778:
775:
770:
764:
760:
759:
751:
749:
745:
732:
728:
727:The Telegraph
724:
717:
715:
711:
698:
692:
689:
676:
670:
667:
654:
648:
645:
633:
632:The Telegraph
629:
622:
620:
618:
616:
612:
599:
593:
591:
589:
585:
580:
574:
570:
569:
561:
558:
551:
546:
543:
542:
538:
536:
534:
530:
525:
523:
522:Jeremy Paxman
519:
511:
509:
506:
502:
498:
493:
485:
483:
481:
474:
466:
464:
462:
458:
454:
450:
445:
441:
438:
433:
431:
427:
423:
418:
413:
411:
407:
403:
395:
393:
390:
386:
381:
379:
375:
371:
367:
363:
358:
356:
355:Festival Pier
352:
348:
344:
343:
336:
333:
329:
325:
321:
317:
313:
308:
304:
300:
292:
290:
288:
284:
273:
269:
268:
266:
264:
260:
255:
253:
249:
245:
240:
238:
237:Stewarts Lane
232:
230:
223:
221:
217:
216:
210:
206:
205:Trinity House
202:
201:St. Katharine
198:
194:
190:
184:
182:
177:
175:
171:
167:
163:
159:
154:
149:
147:
143:
139:
135:
130:
122:
120:
117:
115:
111:
107:
103:
99:
98:
92:
88:
84:
80:
76:
72:
71:state funeral
68:
64:
59:
57:
53:
49:
45:
41:
37:
33:
29:
21:
2689:
2579:Royal Family
2269:
2181:Iron Curtain
2119:
2111:
2098:
2090:
2082:
2074:
2066:
2058:
2050:
2042:
2034:
2029:(1899 novel)
2026:
2018:
1954:Racial views
1944:As a painter
1811:
1773:
1767:
1756:. Retrieved
1752:
1743:
1731:. Retrieved
1726:
1703:. Retrieved
1699:
1689:
1671:
1664:
1653:. Retrieved
1649:
1639:
1628:. Retrieved
1616:
1606:
1578:
1571:
1560:. Retrieved
1557:The Guardian
1556:
1546:
1535:. Retrieved
1531:
1519:
1510:
1506:
1494:
1484:, retrieved
1462:
1452:
1442:, retrieved
1420:
1410:
1399:. Retrieved
1397:. 2000-01-05
1394:
1385:
1374:. Retrieved
1362:
1352:
1341:the original
1336:
1332:
1319:
1301:
1294:
1283:. Retrieved
1279:
1269:
1251:
1244:
1233:. Retrieved
1229:
1198:
1191:
1173:
1166:
1155:. Retrieved
1151:
1123:. Retrieved
1119:
1110:
1099:. Retrieved
1095:
1086:
1068:
1061:
1049:. Retrieved
1045:
1018:. Retrieved
1007:
995:. Retrieved
990:
957:
951:
932:
926:
908:
902:
883:
877:
865:. Retrieved
854:
836:
829:
817:. Retrieved
813:
788:. Retrieved
777:
757:
735:. Retrieved
731:the original
726:
701:. Retrieved
691:
679:. Retrieved
669:
657:. Retrieved
647:
635:. Retrieved
631:
602:. Retrieved
567:
560:
532:
526:
517:
515:
491:
489:
486:The document
476:
434:
414:
399:
388:
382:
359:
341:
337:
296:
279:
263:Horse Guards
256:
241:
234:
225:
214:
208:
200:
197:gun carriage
192:
186:
178:
155:
151:
126:
118:
102:River Thames
96:
83:lay in state
78:
67:Earl Marshal
60:
39:
27:
26:
2617:Dignitaries
2476:Mary Soames
1990:conferences
1949:As a writer
1733:29 December
1513:(5): 34–40.
1120:qooh.org.uk
1096:qooh.org.uk
1051:29 December
1020:31 December
997:29 December
867:31 December
790:31 December
737:30 December
604:29 December
229:Tower Steps
2815:Categories
2564:since 1901
2484:(grandson)
2478:(daughter)
2472:(daughter)
2466:(daughter)
2454:(daughter)
2193:depictions
2191:Legacy and
1973:Ministries
1822:0224016431
1792:1122542241
1758:2020-05-13
1705:2021-08-28
1655:2021-08-28
1630:2021-08-28
1562:2021-08-28
1537:2021-08-28
1486:2021-08-28
1444:2021-08-27
1401:2021-08-27
1376:2021-08-27
1285:2021-08-28
1235:2021-08-27
1157:2021-08-27
1125:2021-08-28
1101:2021-08-28
1046:The Mirror
942:0618082514
552:References
520:hosted by
351:Tower Pier
100:along the
2502:(brother)
2360:Chartwell
1681:962392326
1625:0362-4331
1532:The Times
1371:0362-4331
1311:962392326
1261:962392326
1208:962392326
1183:962392326
1078:962392326
846:962392326
814:50connect
524:in 2015.
342:Havengore
261:from the
215:Havengore
174:Chartwell
97:Havengore
65:, as the
2496:(mother)
2490:(father)
2318:Woodford
2131:Speeches
2011:Writings
1985:timeline
1959:His pets
1727:BBC News
1507:Quadrant
1395:BBC News
539:See also
417:cremated
376:and the
370:Millbank
332:alderman
209:Patricia
181:Blenheim
168:and the
136:and the
2628:Planned
2348:Related
2330:Toronto
2304:London
2298:Statues
2205:Honours
2027:Savrola
1672:Op. cit
1302:Op. cit
1252:Op. cit
1199:Op. cit
1174:Op. cit
1069:Op. cit
2448:(wife)
2438:Family
2253:others
2101:(1938)
2093:(1937)
2077:(1930)
2061:(1906)
2053:(1900)
2045:(1900)
2037:(1899)
2021:(1898)
1819:
1790:
1780:
1679:
1623:
1594:
1477:
1435:
1369:
1309:
1259:
1206:
1181:
1076:
964:
939:
915:
890:
844:
819:1 June
765:
703:27 May
681:27 May
659:27 May
637:27 May
575:
531:novel
428:, the
271:comes.
207:yacht
110:Bladon
2460:(son)
2325:Paris
1344:(PDF)
1329:(PDF)
1895:Life
1817:ISBN
1788:OCLC
1778:ISBN
1735:2018
1677:OCLC
1621:ISSN
1592:ISBN
1475:ISBN
1433:ISBN
1367:ISSN
1307:OCLC
1257:OCLC
1204:OCLC
1179:OCLC
1074:OCLC
1053:2018
1022:2018
999:2018
962:ISBN
937:ISBN
913:ISBN
888:ISBN
869:2018
842:OCLC
837:Ibid
821:2016
792:2018
763:ISBN
739:2018
705:2016
683:2016
661:2016
639:2016
606:2018
573:ISBN
368:and
1584:doi
1467:doi
1425:doi
499:of
353:to
340:MV
289:".
213:MV
104:to
95:MV
85:in
34:of
2817::
1786:.
1751:.
1725:.
1714:^
1698:.
1648:.
1619:.
1615:.
1590:.
1555:.
1530:.
1511:65
1509:.
1505:.
1473:,
1461:,
1431:,
1419:,
1393:.
1365:.
1361:.
1337:40
1335:.
1331:.
1278:.
1228:.
1216:^
1150:.
1134:^
1118:.
1094:.
1044:.
1030:^
989:.
976:^
812:.
800:^
747:^
725:.
713:^
630:.
614:^
587:^
463:.
364:,
330:,
254:.
176:.
2553:e
2546:t
2539:v
2409:"
2405:"
2402:"
2398:"
2395:"
2391:"
2373:"
2369:"
2290:"
2286:"
2183:"
2179:"
2176:"
2172:"
2169:"
2165:"
2162:"
2158:"
2155:"
2151:"
2148:"
2144:"
2141:"
2137:"
1880:e
1873:t
1866:v
1825:.
1794:.
1761:.
1737:.
1708:.
1658:.
1633:.
1600:.
1586::
1565:.
1540:.
1469::
1427::
1404:.
1379:.
1288:.
1238:.
1160:.
1128:.
1104:.
1080:.
1055:.
1024:.
1001:.
970:.
945:.
896:.
871:.
823:.
794:.
741:.
707:.
685:.
663:.
641:.
608:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
