919:
1182:
1178:, thought it unwise to leave mass graves of shot allied soldiers in an area so close to the front line. The prisoners were initially kept in a local jail but then, on or shortly after 25 November, unaware of their fate, taken to a local forest and, in groups of three, shot in the head in a bomb crater. One prisoner attempted to escape but was killed as well. Apart from Isselhorst, his second in command, Wilhelm Schneider was also executed for the war crime in January 1947. Buck was sentenced to death by British and French military courts. However, he was reprieved and released from prison in 1955.
145:
113:
132:
907:
100:
39:
1097:
At the start of
October, with Patton's army stalled and supplies running out, the likelihood that the Americans would relieve the SAS had dwindled. It was decided to end the operation, which had only been intended to last two weeks and had now lasted over two months. Lieutenant Colonel Franks ordered
1058:
The following day the SAS started patrolling and set up observation posts. Almost immediately they became aware that their presence had been betrayed to the
Germans. There were far more Germans in the area than they expected and a force of 5,000 Germans were advancing up a valley near the village of
1110:
At the end of the war Franks began investigating the fate of his missing men. All that was known for certain was that three men accompanying
Lieutenant Johnsen had been killed, and that 10 men had been buried in the cemetery at Moussey. The SAS was officially disbanded in October 1945. Prior to this
1063:
just a short distance from the SAS base camp. The SAS's aggressive patrolling, sabotage attacks and the number of fire fights they had engaged in, led the
Germans to believe they were up against a far larger force than there actually was. Over two nights, the 19 and 20 September, reinforcements were
1050:
Brian Franks arrived 18 days after the advance party on 30 August 1944. Their landing was not without incident. A parachute equipment container filled with ammunition exploded on contact with the ground. A member of the resistance assisting to move the parachute containers died after eating plastic
1080:
The
Germans, unable to locate the SAS base, were aware that they could not be operating without the assistance of the local population. To gain information about the location of the SAS camp, all the male residents of Moussey between the ages of 16 and 60, a total of 210 men, were arrested. After
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machine guns, allowed the SAS to change their tactics. The Jeep patrols shot up German road convoys and staff cars. A patrol under the command of
Captain Druce even entered Moussey, just as a Waffen-SS unit was assembling. Driving through the town, they opened fire and inflicted many casualties.
1145:
in
Strasbourg, was sentenced to death by a British military tribunal in June 1946 for the murder of the British POWs but handed over to the French. He was once more sentenced to death in May 1947, now by a French military tribunal, and executed in Strasbourg on 23 February 1948. While posted in
1162:
were destroyed to eliminate shelter for Allied troops for the upcoming winter and inhabitants deported as forced labour or to concentration camps. In a coordinated operation by the
Wehrmacht and SS, villages were raided, French resistance fighters and the captured SAS soldiers were executed.
1051:
explosive, believing it was some sort of cheese. A Frenchman who was found in the area supposedly picking mushrooms, who the resistance believed was an informer, was detained. In the confusion following the explosion of the ammunition container, he managed to snatch up a
982:
With their supplies running out and under pressure from the German army, the SAS were ordered to form smaller groups to return to Allied lines. During the fighting and breakout operations 31 men were captured and later executed by the
Germans.
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close to the German border. In 1944 it was sparsely populated and consisted of wooded hills, valley pastures and small isolated villages, an ideal area for a small mobile raiding force to operate. In late 1944 it was also the area that
1093:
which had been obtained by a member of the resistance. Initially with F/O Fiddick, R.C.A.F 622 Sqn, but alone on the second and third occasions, Druce passed through the German lines three times before eventually reaching safety.
918:
1609:
1119:, which called for the execution of all captured commandos when he was interviewing captured German officers in 1944. In July 1945 Franks was informed by the French that the bodies of some SAS men had been found in the
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In 2003 a memorial was erected at
Moussey to commemorate those who had been murdered. It details the three men from Phantom, the 31 SAS men, the 140 French civilians and one British and two French service women of the
1602:
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his forces to split up into small groups and make their own way back to the Allied lines 40 miles (64 km) away. One patrol was ambushed by the Waffen-SS, killing three men. The fourth,
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Isselhorst ordered the execution of the captured British SAS members, as well as a number of French civilians, three French priests and four US airmen. The prisoners were taken over the
1618:
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1127:. Franks ordered 2 SAS WCIT, under the command of Major Beckworth, to travel to the area. Their investigation discovered that of the 31 missing SAS men, 30 had been murdered by the
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the 2nd SAS War Crimes Investigation Team (2 SAS WCIT) had been formed, amongst other things, to look into the events after Loyton. 2nd SAS Intelligence Officer
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Henry Druce was parachuted into the Vosges on 12 August 1944. The drop zone was in a deeply wooded mountainous area 40 miles (64 km) west of
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Peter Johnsen, was wounded but managed to escape. Another 34 men failed to reach Allied lines.
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Charlesworth, Laurie (2006). "The Journal of Intelligence History, Volume 6, Number 2".
2008:
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concentration camp in the Vosges mountains. One man's fate was never discovered.
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Eisenhower's Guerrillas: The Jedburghs, the Maquis, and the Liberation of France
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210 French civilians arrested and sent to concentration camps where 140 died.
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The mission, between 12 August and 9 October 1944, had the misfortune to be
38:
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was heading towards, but outrunning their supplies they had stopped at
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Eric 'Bill' Barkworth had been informed of the existence of the
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on 21 November 1944. The leader of the execution commando,
1035:. The advance party's objective was to contact the local
1309:
National Archives (UK), Catalogue Reference WO/208/3324
1017:
17th SS Panzergrenadier Division Götz von Berlichingen
194:
17th SS Panzergrenadier Division Götz von Berlichingen
16:1944 failed Special Air Service mission in France
1498:Who Dares Wins: Special Forces Heroes of the SAS
23:
1619:British Commando raids of the Second World War
1603:
235:
8:
1081:being interrogated they were transported to
2319:List of Commando raids on the Atlantic Wall
1610:
1596:
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1583:WW2 Peoples War Operation Loyton bbc.co.uk
1068:and another 20 men. The Jeeps, armed with
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205:Special Air Service 14 killed and another
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1146:Strasbourg, Isselhorst was part of the
1027:A small SAS advance party commanded by
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1064:parachuted in which consisted of six
7:
1046:The main party under the command of
926:of the type used in Operation Loyton
2347:World War II British Commando raids
1286:Schorley & Forsyth, pp. 44–45.
968:was reinforcing the area, against
14:
1185:Memorial to the operation at the
366:Caen canal and Orne river bridges
209:Phantom signals section 3 killed
169:F Squadron, Phantom signals unit
143:
130:
111:
98:
37:
1517:Journal of Intelligence History
1154:operation in which villages in
1055:and was shot trying to escape.
304:Taxable, Glimmer & Big Drum
1451:Schorley & Forsyth, p. 50.
1421:(in German). Gedenkorte Europa
1394:"Isselhorst Erich (1906-1948)"
1321:Schorley & Forsyth, p. 47.
1300:Schorley & Forsyth, p. 46.
1242:Schorley & Forsyth, p. 45.
1226:Schorley & Forsyth, p. 44.
1:
995:is a region in north-eastern
1195:Special Operations Executive
1532:Jones, Benjamin F. (2016).
1199:National Memorial Arboretum
1187:National Memorial Arboretum
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1131:(SD), some of them at the
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1268:. London. 7 February 2007
311:Combined Bomber Offensive
263:
207:31 captured and executed.
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91:
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36:
28:
188:Royal Canadian Air Force
59:12 August–9 October 1944
2362:The Holocaust in France
1540:Oxford University Press
172:Unknown numbers of the
164:2nd Special Air Service
1561:. Quercus Publishing.
1557:Lewis, Damien (2015).
1519:. LIT Verlag MĂĽnster.
1373:Bavarian State Library
1260:"Obituary:Henry Druce"
1189:
1121:French occupation zone
927:
915:
773:Air and Sea operations
566:Anglo-Canadian Sector
445:Anglo-Canadian Sector
124:Commanders and leaders
1500:. Osprey Publishing.
1462:"Obituary: Len Owens"
1184:
964:, at a time when the
941:(SAS) mission in the
921:
909:
805:Supporting operations
200:Casualties and losses
1357:Charlesworth, p. 25.
1348:Charlesworth, p. 24.
1339:Charlesworth, p. 18.
1043:for the main force.
257:(Battle of Normandy)
2352:Special Air Service
1467:The Daily Telegraph
1442:, pp. 265–267.
1369:"Isselhorst, Erich"
1330:Charlesworh, p. 17.
1170:river on trucks to
1133:Natzweiler-Struthof
1083:concentration camps
939:Special Air Service
1494:Forsyth, Frederick
1201:in Staffordshire.
1190:
1148:Operation Waldfest
1143:Sicherheitspolizei
1048:Lieutenant Colonel
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916:
914:highlighted in red
600:Normandy massacres
489:Operation Chastity
253:Operation Overlord
137:Lieutenant Colonel
2342:Conflicts in 1944
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2314:British Commandos
1507:978-1-84603-311-7
1419:"Aktion Waldfest"
1129:Sicherheitsdienst
1037:French resistance
1019:, into the area.
943:Vosges department
912:Vosges department
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757:Mantes-Gassicourt
421:Normandy landings
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174:French Resistance
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425:American Sector
371:Merville Battery
351:Airborne assault
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1927:
1923:
1921:
1920:
1916:
1914:
1913:
1909:
1907:
1906:
1902:
1900:
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1470:. 2 July 2013
1469:
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1441:
1436:
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1374:
1371:(in German).
1370:
1363:
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1075:
1071:
1067:
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1056:
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1049:
1044:
1042:
1041:dropping zone
1038:
1034:
1030:
1022:
1020:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1006:
1005:George Patton
1003:
998:
994:
986:
984:
980:
978:
974:
973:George Patton
971:
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605:Ardenne Abbey
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448:
447:
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441:
440:Pointe du Hoc
438:
436:
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415:
412:
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407:
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300:
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295:
293:
292:
288:
286:
285:
281:
280:
279:
278:
274:
272:
271:Atlantic Wall
269:
268:
267:
262:
255:
245:
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238:
233:
231:
226:
225:
222:
213:
204:
203:
198:
195:
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186:
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175:
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167:Section from
165:
161:
160:
155:
151:
146:
141:
138:
133:
128:
127:
122:
119:
114:
109:
107:
96:
95:
90:
83:See aftermath
82:
79:
78:
74:
70:
66:
63:
62:
58:
55:
54:
50:
46:
40:
35:
32:
31:Western Front
27:
22:
2329:
2299:
2294:Twin Pimples
2287:
2280:
2273:
2266:
2259:
2254:Sidi Haneish
2247:
2240:
2233:
2226:
2219:
2212:
2205:
2198:
2191:
2184:
2177:
2170:
2163:
2156:
2149:
2142:
2135:
2128:
2121:
2114:
2113:
2107:
2100:
2093:
2086:
2079:
2072:
2065:
2058:
2051:
2044:
2037:
2030:
2023:
2016:
2009:
2002:
1995:
1988:
1981:
1974:
1967:
1960:
1953:
1946:
1939:
1932:
1925:
1918:
1911:
1904:
1897:
1890:
1883:
1876:
1869:
1862:
1855:
1848:
1842:Cold Comfort
1841:
1834:
1827:
1820:
1815:Litani River
1808:
1801:
1784:
1777:
1770:
1763:
1756:
1749:
1742:
1735:
1728:
1721:
1714:
1707:
1700:
1693:
1686:
1679:
1672:
1665:
1658:
1651:
1644:
1637:
1630:
1558:
1534:
1516:
1497:
1486:Bibliography
1472:. Retrieved
1465:
1456:
1447:
1435:
1423:. Retrieved
1413:
1401:. Retrieved
1388:
1376:. Retrieved
1362:
1353:
1344:
1335:
1326:
1305:
1282:
1270:. Retrieved
1263:
1191:
1165:
1142:
1137:
1109:
1096:
1079:
1057:
1045:
1026:
990:
981:
955:
930:
929:
886:
885:
878:
874:
867:
860:
853:
852:
846:
839:
832:
825:
818:
811:
804:
803:
799:Audierne Bay
772:
771:
725:
718:
704:
697:
690:
683:
676:
675:
664:
657:
645:
638:
631:
624:
617:
581:
565:
513:
512:
477:
476:
450:
444:
419:
418:
385:
384:
378:
359:
350:
349:
333:
327:Postage Able
326:
297:
290:
283:
276:
265:
139:Brian Franks
118:Nazi Germany
92:Belligerents
2281:Thistledown
2059:Houndsworth
1701:Abercrombie
1474:22 November
966:German Army
949:during the
937:given to a
847:Houndsworth
767:La Rochelle
2336:Categories
2227:Roundabout
2192:Postmaster
2031:Gunnerside
1982:Fahrenheit
1645:Ambassador
1631:Abstention
1440:Jones 2016
1425:23 October
1403:23 October
1398:Yad Vashem
1378:23 October
1205:References
1100:Lieutenant
1033:Strasbourg
1009:Third Army
987:Background
977:Third Army
958:parachuted
893:Cemeteries
747:Saint-Malo
316:Pointblank
2267:Speedwell
2241:Saxifrage
2199:Partridge
2150:Narcissus
2136:Musketoon
2073:Infatuate
2066:Huckaback
1912:Driftwood
1898:Checkmate
1821:Candytuft
1785:Barricade
1771:Bulbasket
1708:Acid Drop
1638:Agreement
1525:1616-1262
1176:Karl Buck
1106:Aftermath
1070:Vickers K
960:into the
887:Aftermath
840:Bulbasket
789:Cherbourg
726:Tractable
639:Charnwood
554:Cherbourg
478:Logistics
284:Fortitude
277:Bodyguard
179:Jedburghs
47:landscape
2274:Tarbrush
2143:Myrmidon
2108:Keystone
2052:Hawthorn
2038:Hardtack
2017:Gauntlet
1975:Freshman
1968:Frankton
1954:Exporter
1940:Deep Cut
1884:Crackers
1856:Colossus
1835:Claymore
1828:Chestnut
1809:Branford
1796:Hill 170
1722:Astrakan
1666:Aquatint
1496:(2008).
1172:Gaggenau
1160:Lorraine
1125:Gaggenau
1074:Browning
1053:Sten gun
935:codename
933:was the
924:SAS jeep
861:Jedburgh
784:La Caine
737:Chambois
732:Hill 262
711:Hill 140
705:Totalize
698:Bluecoat
677:Breakout
665:Goodwood
658:Atlantic
652:2nd Odon
576:Bréville
542:Carentan
537:Saint-LĂ´
527:Graignes
501:Mulberry
484:American
334:Tarbrush
291:Zeppelin
157:Strength
64:Location
43:Typical
29:Part of
2300:Wallace
2288:Tombola
2260:Sunstar
2248:Savanna
2234:Rumford
2185:Opossum
2129:Manacle
2087:Jubilee
2080:Jaywick
2003:Foxrock
1996:Farrier
1961:Flipper
1933:Dunhill
1905:Chopper
1870:Chariot
1863:Cartoon
1802:Bristle
1764:Begonia
1715:Albumen
1694:Archway
1687:Amherst
1659:Archery
1272:26 June
1061:Moussey
1029:Captain
1023:Mission
1002:General
970:General
875:Wallace
868:Dragoon
826:Titanic
819:Samwest
812:Dingson
742:Falaise
719:LĂĽttich
646:Jupiter
632:Windsor
618:Martlet
612:Douvres
547:Hill 30
496:British
409:Detroit
404:Chicago
379:Mallard
298:Titanic
266:Prelude
214:Unknown
185:622 Sqn
162:91 men
2206:Pistol
2171:Nicety
2164:Newton
2157:Nelson
2115:Loyton
2101:Kitbag
2024:Grouse
1989:Forfar
1877:Canuck
1849:Collar
1791:Bardia
1778:Brandy
1757:Batman
1750:Bigamy
1743:Biting
1736:Basalt
1729:Baobab
1673:Aflame
1652:Anklet
1565:
1546:
1523:
1504:
1156:Alsace
1089:for a
997:France
993:Vosges
947:France
877:&
854:Loyton
833:Cooney
779:Ushant
691:Spring
451:Gambit
414:Elmira
399:Boston
394:Albany
345:Fabius
103:
80:Result
73:France
2220:Roast
2213:Rimau
2122:Maple
2045:Hardy
1947:Devon
1926:Defoe
1919:Dryad
1891:Chess
1680:Anglo
1210:Notes
1168:Rhine
1113:Major
1066:Jeeps
1013:Nancy
879:Hardy
762:Paris
752:Brest
684:Cobra
625:Epsom
582:Perch
559:Naval
506:Pluto
457:Sword
430:Omaha
360:Tonga
340:Tiger
2178:Noah
2010:Gaff
1563:ISBN
1544:ISBN
1521:ISSN
1502:ISBN
1476:2015
1427:2018
1405:2018
1380:2018
1274:2010
1158:and
1150:, a
1072:and
991:The
910:The
571:Caen
467:Gold
462:Juno
435:Utah
56:Date
2094:J V
1123:at
1007:'s
975:'s
945:of
922:An
2338::
1542:.
1538:.
1464:.
1396:.
1314:^
1291:^
1262:.
1247:^
1231:^
1217:^
953:.
177:3
71:,
1611:e
1604:t
1597:v
1571:.
1552:.
1527:.
1510:.
1478:.
1429:.
1407:.
1382:.
1276:.
243:e
236:t
229:v
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
