1334:
55:
33:
201:
periods, a startlingly little amount is known about the evolutionary history of the group. Paleozoic ophiuroids bear an uncanny resemblance to the modern relatives with respect to
1195:
1234:
1375:
1395:"A New Morphological Phylogeny of the Ophiuroidea (Echinodermata) Accords with Molecular Evidence and Renders Microfossils Accessible for Cladistics"
1169:
165:
have been recognized. It is considered as one of the most interesting genera because of the presence of its brilliant colors and associations with
1208:
1306:
1368:
1213:
1221:
161:(Ophiuroidea) found in oceans worldwide from tropics to Arctic and Antarctic regions. At present a total of 93 Ophiothrix
206:
1462:
1130:
1117:
54:
1467:
1239:
1361:
956:
629:
289:
836:
820:
693:
589:
557:
337:
1457:
900:
812:
756:
489:
465:
948:
940:
685:
677:
541:
449:
433:
425:
385:
353:
1057:
1004:
988:
892:
884:
844:
788:
780:
732:
621:
573:
517:
377:
964:
924:
876:
868:
852:
796:
748:
653:
549:
481:
473:
457:
441:
401:
321:
305:
273:
265:
257:
1270:
1135:
972:
932:
916:
860:
717:
669:
605:
581:
533:
525:
497:
369:
361:
329:
313:
297:
281:
1333:
1012:
996:
908:
804:
772:
701:
637:
597:
505:
409:
249:
1288:
764:
740:
645:
613:
565:
1311:
1249:
1156:
1104:
980:
661:
174:
1037:
828:
417:
345:
49:
205:
plate pairs which have been fused firmly into their vertebrae and ambulacral groove which their
1275:
1434:
1416:
1257:
1200:
1143:
1345:
1298:
1424:
1406:
1262:
1095:
32:
169:
and sponges as well. This genus has been labelled particularly difficult with respect to
189:
period. Despite the fact there have been a considerable number of fossils reported from
185:
The fossil record of brittle stars can be traced back around 500 million years to Early
1429:
1394:
116:
1451:
1148:
1109:
158:
96:
1122:
1411:
1341:
1226:
1182:
1089:
1080:
222:
is a large genus that is currently divided into the following three subgenera:
209:
arm plates cover. They also have the presence of ventrally lateral arm plates.
202:
186:
86:
1420:
190:
173:, due to a high degree of variability in characters that are described is a
106:
66:
1438:
1074:
198:
194:
170:
1174:
162:
1187:
76:
1051:
1283:
166:
1055:
1393:
Thuy, Ben; Stöhr, Sabine (2016-05-26). Robillard, Tony (ed.).
1161:
1349:
1064:
44:, Strangford Lough, Co. Down, Northern Ireland.
1369:
8:
1376:
1362:
1052:
31:
20:
1428:
1410:
1385:
1030:
7:
1330:
1328:
1289:CA42F82E-FFA5-067B-FF5C-E934795AFEB0
1250:964a0e2a-6337-4b71-881e-15e832853946
1348:. You can help Knowledge (XXG) by
832:(Abildgaard, in O.F. Müller, 1789)
14:
1332:
53:
681:Cherbonnier & Guille, 1978
521:Marktanner-Turneretscher, 1887
1:
657:(Müller & Troschel, 1842)
317:(Müller & Troschel, 1842)
243:Ophiothrix (Acanthophiothrix)
1412:10.1371/journal.pone.0156140
840:Lütken & Mortensen, 1899
1042:Müller & Troschel, 1840
928:Müller & Troschel, 1844
776:Müller & Troschel, 1842
133:Müller & Troschel, 1840
1484:
1327:
957:Ophiothrix quinquemaculata
238:
234:. Extant species include:
630:Ophiothrix roseocoerulans
213:Systematics and phylogeny
143:
138:
50:Scientific classification
48:
40:The common brittle star,
39:
30:
23:
290:Ophiothrix leucotrigonia
837:Ophiothrix galapagensis
821:Ophiothrix eurycolpodes
727:Subgenus not allocated
694:Ophiothrix trindadensis
590:Ophiothrix panchyendyta
558:Ophiothrix marenzelleri
395:Ophiothrix (Ophiothrix)
338:Ophiothrix spinosissima
1344:-related article is a
901:Ophiothrix merguiensis
813:Ophiothrix dirrhabdota
757:Ophiothrix brachyactis
711:Ophiothrix (Theophrix)
490:Ophiothrix echinotecta
466:Ophiothrix crassispina
16:Genus of brittle stars
1271:Paleobiology Database
949:Ophiothrix platyactis
941:Ophiothrix planulatus
872:Wyville Thomson, 1873
686:Ophiothrix trilineata
678:Ophiothrix tricuspida
542:Ophiothrix leucospida
450:Ophiothrix consecrata
434:Ophiothrix caespitosa
426:Ophiothrix aristulata
386:Ophiothrix viridialba
354:Ophiothrix versatilis
1038:MarineSpecies.org -
1005:Ophiothrix variegata
989:Ophiothrix synoecina
960:(Delle Chiaje, 1828)
893:Ophiothrix marginata
885:Ophiothrix magnifica
845:Ophiothrix hartforti
789:Ophiothrix convoluta
781:Ophiothrix congensis
733:Ophiothrix amphibola
662:Ophiothrix spiculata
622:Ophiothrix prostrata
574:Ophiothrix oerstedii
518:Ophiothrix foveolata
378:Ophiothrix vigelandi
157:is a large genus of
965:Ophiothrix rathbuni
925:Ophiothrix parasita
877:Ophiothrix maculata
869:Ophiothrix luetkeni
853:Ophiothrix innocens
829:Ophiothrix fragilis
797:Ophiothrix cotteaui
749:Ophiothrix berberis
654:Ophiothrix savignyi
550:Ophiothrix liodisca
482:Ophiothrix dyscrita
474:Ophiothrix deposita
458:Ophiothrix contenta
442:Ophiothrix ciliaris
418:Ophiothrix angulata
402:Ophiothrix accedens
346:Ophiothrix suensoni
322:Ophiothrix scotiosa
306:Ophiothrix purpurea
274:Ophiothrix exhibita
266:Ophiothrix diligens
258:Ophiothrix deceptor
42:Ophiothrix fragilis
1463:Ophiuroidea genera
973:Ophiothrix simplex
933:Ophiothrix petersi
917:Ophiothrix pallida
861:Ophiothrix lineata
718:Ophiothrix pusilla
670:Ophiothrix tradita
606:Ophiothrix picteti
582:Ophiothrix oliveri
534:Ophiothrix koreana
526:Ophiothrix infirma
498:Ophiothrix elegans
370:Ophiothrix vexator
362:Ophiothrix vetusta
330:Ophiothrix signata
314:Ophiothrix scorpio
298:Ophiothrix proteus
282:Ophiothrix lepidus
1468:Ophiuroidea stubs
1357:
1356:
1322:
1321:
1258:Open Tree of Life
1058:Taxon identifiers
1022:
1021:
1013:Ophiothrix viator
997:Ophiothrix tenuis
909:Ophiothrix nociva
805:Ophiothrix dedita
800:(de Loriol, 1900)
773:Ophiothrix comata
702:Ophiothrix vitrea
641:von Martens, 1870
638:Ophiothrix rotata
598:Ophiothrix pavida
506:Ophiothrix exigua
410:Ophiothrix ailsae
389:von Martens, 1867
309:von Martens, 1867
250:Ophiothrix armata
150:
149:
134:
1475:
1443:
1442:
1432:
1414:
1390:
1378:
1371:
1364:
1336:
1329:
1315:
1314:
1302:
1301:
1292:
1291:
1279:
1278:
1266:
1265:
1253:
1252:
1243:
1242:
1230:
1229:
1227:NHMSYS0021054176
1217:
1216:
1204:
1203:
1191:
1190:
1178:
1177:
1165:
1164:
1152:
1151:
1139:
1138:
1126:
1125:
1113:
1112:
1100:
1099:
1098:
1085:
1084:
1083:
1053:
1044:
1035:
952:H.L. Clark, 1939
848:A.H. Clark, 1939
824:H.L. Clark, 1918
816:H.L. Clark, 1918
765:Ophiothrix cimar
760:H.L. Clark, 1915
741:Ophiothrix beata
736:H.L. Clark, 1939
646:Ophiothrix rudis
614:Ophiothrix plana
566:Ophiothrix miles
553:H.L. Clark, 1915
381:A.M. Clark, 1968
293:H.L. Clark, 1918
237:
236:
224:Acanthophiothrix
132:
58:
57:
35:
21:
1483:
1482:
1478:
1477:
1476:
1474:
1473:
1472:
1448:
1447:
1446:
1405:(5): e0156140.
1392:
1391:
1387:
1383:
1382:
1325:
1323:
1318:
1310:
1305:
1297:
1295:
1287:
1282:
1274:
1269:
1261:
1256:
1248:
1246:
1238:
1233:
1225:
1220:
1212:
1207:
1199:
1194:
1186:
1181:
1173:
1168:
1160:
1155:
1147:
1142:
1134:
1129:
1121:
1116:
1108:
1103:
1094:
1093:
1088:
1079:
1078:
1073:
1060:
1048:
1047:
1036:
1032:
1027:
981:Ophiothrix stri
705:Döderlein, 1896
609:de Loriol, 1893
445:(Lamarck, 1816)
285:de Loriol, 1893
215:
183:
131:
52:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1481:
1479:
1471:
1470:
1465:
1460:
1458:Ophiotrichidae
1450:
1449:
1445:
1444:
1384:
1381:
1380:
1373:
1366:
1358:
1355:
1354:
1337:
1320:
1319:
1317:
1316:
1303:
1293:
1280:
1267:
1254:
1244:
1231:
1218:
1205:
1192:
1179:
1166:
1153:
1140:
1127:
1114:
1101:
1086:
1070:
1068:
1062:
1061:
1056:
1046:
1045:
1029:
1028:
1026:
1023:
1020:
1019:
1018:
1017:
1009:
1001:
993:
985:
977:
969:
961:
953:
945:
944:Stimpson, 1855
937:
929:
921:
920:Ljungman, 1872
913:
905:
897:
889:
881:
880:Ljungman, 1872
873:
865:
857:
849:
841:
833:
825:
817:
809:
801:
793:
785:
777:
769:
761:
753:
745:
737:
724:
723:
722:
707:
706:
698:
690:
682:
674:
666:
665:Le Conte, 1851
658:
650:
642:
634:
626:
618:
610:
602:
594:
586:
578:
570:
562:
554:
546:
538:
530:
522:
512:
511:
510:
502:
494:
493:Balinsky, 1957
486:
478:
470:
462:
454:
446:
438:
430:
422:
414:
406:
391:
390:
382:
374:
366:
358:
350:
342:
334:
326:
325:Murakami, 1943
318:
310:
302:
294:
286:
278:
270:
262:
254:
232:Theophiothrix'
214:
211:
182:
179:
148:
147:
141:
140:
136:
135:
124:
120:
119:
117:Ophiotrichidae
114:
110:
109:
104:
100:
99:
94:
90:
89:
84:
80:
79:
74:
70:
69:
64:
60:
59:
46:
45:
37:
36:
28:
27:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1480:
1469:
1466:
1464:
1461:
1459:
1456:
1455:
1453:
1440:
1436:
1431:
1426:
1422:
1418:
1413:
1408:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1389:
1386:
1379:
1374:
1372:
1367:
1365:
1360:
1359:
1353:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1338:
1335:
1331:
1326:
1313:
1308:
1304:
1300:
1294:
1290:
1285:
1281:
1277:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1259:
1255:
1251:
1245:
1241:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1197:
1193:
1189:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1106:
1102:
1097:
1091:
1087:
1082:
1076:
1072:
1071:
1069:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1054:
1050:
1043:
1041:
1034:
1031:
1024:
1016:Koehler, 1904
1015:
1014:
1010:
1007:
1006:
1002:
1000:Koehler, 1905
999:
998:
994:
992:Schoppe, 1996
991:
990:
986:
984:Hendler, 2005
983:
982:
978:
976:Koehler, 1905
975:
974:
970:
967:
966:
962:
959:
958:
954:
951:
950:
946:
943:
942:
938:
935:
934:
930:
927:
926:
922:
919:
918:
914:
912:Koehler, 1907
911:
910:
906:
903:
902:
898:
896:Koehler, 1905
895:
894:
890:
887:
886:
882:
879:
878:
874:
871:
870:
866:
863:
862:
858:
856:Koehler, 1898
855:
854:
850:
847:
846:
842:
839:
838:
834:
831:
830:
826:
823:
822:
818:
815:
814:
810:
808:Koehler, 1930
807:
806:
802:
799:
798:
794:
792:Koehler, 1914
791:
790:
786:
784:Koehler, 1911
783:
782:
778:
775:
774:
770:
768:Hendler, 2005
767:
766:
762:
759:
758:
754:
751:
750:
746:
744:Koehler, 1907
743:
742:
738:
735:
734:
730:
729:
728:
725:
720:
719:
715:
714:
713:
712:
704:
703:
699:
697:Tommasi, 1970
696:
695:
691:
688:
687:
683:
680:
679:
675:
673:Koehler, 1930
672:
671:
667:
664:
663:
659:
656:
655:
651:
648:
647:
643:
640:
639:
635:
632:
631:
627:
625:Koehler, 1922
624:
623:
619:
616:
615:
611:
608:
607:
603:
601:Koehler, 1922
600:
599:
595:
592:
591:
587:
584:
583:
579:
576:
575:
571:
569:Koehler, 1905
568:
567:
563:
561:Koehler, 1904
560:
559:
555:
552:
551:
547:
545:Koehler, 1930
544:
543:
539:
536:
535:
531:
529:Koehler, 1905
528:
527:
523:
520:
519:
515:
514:
513:
508:
507:
503:
500:
499:
495:
492:
491:
487:
484:
483:
479:
477:Koehler, 1904
476:
475:
471:
469:Koehler, 1904
468:
467:
463:
461:Koehler, 1930
460:
459:
455:
453:Koehler, 1930
452:
451:
447:
444:
443:
439:
436:
435:
431:
428:
427:
423:
420:
419:
415:
413:Tommasi, 1970
412:
411:
407:
405:Koehler, 1930
404:
403:
399:
398:
397:
396:
388:
387:
383:
380:
379:
375:
373:Koehler, 1930
372:
371:
367:
365:Koehler, 1930
364:
363:
359:
357:Koehler, 1930
356:
355:
351:
348:
347:
343:
341:Koehler, 1905
340:
339:
335:
333:Koehler, 1922
332:
331:
327:
324:
323:
319:
316:
315:
311:
308:
307:
303:
301:Koehler, 1905
300:
299:
295:
292:
291:
287:
284:
283:
279:
277:Koehler, 1905
276:
275:
271:
269:Koehler, 1898
268:
267:
263:
261:Koehler, 1922
260:
259:
255:
253:Koehler, 1905
252:
251:
247:
246:
245:
244:
239:
235:
233:
229:
225:
221:
220:
212:
210:
208:
204:
200:
196:
192:
188:
180:
178:
176:
175:morphological
172:
168:
164:
160:
159:brittle stars
156:
155:
146:
142:
137:
130:
129:
125:
122:
121:
118:
115:
112:
111:
108:
105:
102:
101:
98:
95:
92:
91:
88:
87:Echinodermata
85:
82:
81:
78:
75:
72:
71:
68:
65:
62:
61:
56:
51:
47:
43:
38:
34:
29:
26:
22:
19:
1402:
1398:
1388:
1350:expanding it
1339:
1324:
1065:
1049:
1039:
1033:
1011:
1008:Duncan, 1887
1003:
995:
987:
979:
971:
968:Ludwig, 1882
963:
955:
947:
939:
936:Studer, 1882
931:
923:
915:
907:
904:Duncan, 1887
899:
891:
883:
875:
867:
859:
851:
843:
835:
827:
819:
811:
803:
795:
787:
779:
771:
763:
755:
747:
739:
731:
726:
716:
710:
708:
700:
692:
689:Lütken, 1869
684:
676:
668:
660:
652:
644:
636:
628:
620:
612:
604:
596:
588:
585:Benham, 1910
580:
577:Lütken, 1856
572:
564:
556:
548:
540:
537:Duncan, 1879
532:
524:
516:
504:
501:Lütken, 1869
496:
488:
480:
472:
464:
456:
448:
440:
432:
424:
416:
408:
400:
394:
392:
384:
376:
368:
360:
352:
349:Lütken, 1856
344:
336:
328:
320:
312:
304:
296:
288:
280:
272:
264:
256:
248:
242:
240:
231:
227:
223:
218:
217:
216:
184:
153:
152:
151:
144:
127:
126:
41:
24:
18:
1342:Ophiuroidea
1183:iNaturalist
1090:Wikispecies
888:Lyman, 1860
864:Lyman, 1860
752:Lyman, 1879
721:Lyman, 1874
649:Lyman, 1874
633:Grube, 1868
617:Lyman, 1874
593:Clark, 1911
509:Lyman, 1874
485:Clark, 1915
437:Lyman, 1879
429:Lyman, 1879
421:(Say, 1825)
97:Ophiuroidea
1452:Categories
1123:Ophiothrix
1110:Ophiothrix
1096:Ophiothrix
1066:Ophiothrix
1040:Ophiothrix
1025:References
393:Subgenus
228:Ophiothrix
219:Ophiothrix
203:ambulacral
187:Ordovician
154:Ophiothrix
128:Ophiothrix
25:Ophiothrix
1421:1932-6203
709:Subgenus
241:Subgenus
191:Paleozoic
181:Evolution
145:See text
107:Ophiurida
73:Kingdom:
67:Eukaryota
1439:27227685
1399:PLOS ONE
1081:Q3545503
1075:Wikidata
199:Cenozoic
195:Mesozoic
177:aspect.
171:taxonomy
139:Species
113:Family:
83:Phylum:
77:Animalia
63:Domain:
1430:4882042
1299:7188812
1201:1035485
1175:2275832
207:ventral
163:species
123:Genus:
103:Order:
93:Class:
1437:
1427:
1419:
1312:123626
1296:uBio:
1263:768174
1247:NZOR:
1214:157793
1340:This
1307:WoRMS
1284:Plazi
1276:31576
1240:70179
1196:IRMNG
1188:48839
1162:71136
1149:7PNFR
1136:27582
167:coral
1435:PMID
1417:ISSN
1346:stub
1235:NCBI
1209:ITIS
1170:GBIF
1131:BOLD
230:and
197:and
1425:PMC
1407:doi
1222:NBN
1157:EoL
1144:CoL
1118:AFD
1105:ADW
1454::
1433:.
1423:.
1415:.
1403:11
1401:.
1397:.
1309::
1286::
1273::
1260::
1237::
1224::
1211::
1198::
1185::
1172::
1159::
1146::
1133::
1120::
1107::
1092::
1077::
226:,
193:,
1441:.
1409::
1377:e
1370:t
1363:v
1352:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.