133:
106:
183:
122:
274:
Opines and opine-like substances are not restricted to crown galls tumors. The very first opine discovered, octopine, was initially isolated from octopus muscle. Similar derivatives have been isolated from muscle tissue of certain marine invertebrates: alanopine, strombine, and tauropine. Opines like
341:
Agrocinopines (A-D) are a separate class of opines. They are sugar-phosphodiesters. Agrocinopine A is phosphodiester of sucrose and L-Arabinose. Agrocinopine B is the corresponding phosphodiester, in which the glucose has been hydrolyzed from the sucrose portion of agrocinopine A.
193:
The second subcategory includes the mannityl family (mannopine, mannopinic acid, agropine, agropinic acid) and the chrysopine family (deoxy-fructosyl glutamate, deoxy-fructosyl glutamine, deoxy-fructosyl oxoproline and chrysopine) formed by the condensation of an amino-acid with
698:-(L-glutar-2-yl)-L-lysine) is chemically similar to "true" opines. It is formed by condensation of lysine and alpha-ketoglutarate. Saccharopine is an intermediate in the metabolism of amino acid lysine and occurs in fungi, higher plants and mammals, including man.
599:-(D-1,3-dicarboxypropyl)-L-arginine) was first isolated from crown gall tumors. It is the head member of the nopaline family of opines. It was also found in certain nontransformed plant tissues as a result of arginine metabolism
249:
was first used in print in 1977. Usually, the name of newly discovered opines has the ending "-opine". Exceptions are nopaline and strombine. On the other hand, not all molecule names ending in "-opine" are opines. For example,
740:-(3-amino-1-carboxy-3-oxopropyl)glutamic acid) is a member of the nopaline family isolated from crown gall tumors. Its structure is analogous to that of nopaline, with asparagine replacing arginine.
350:
Agropine (1'-deoxy-D-mannitol-1'-yl)-L-glutamine,1',2'-lactone) was obtained from crown gall tumors. It is a member of the mannityl family. It is derived from mannopine through the formation of a
706:
Santhopine is the deoxyfructosyl analog of mannopine. It is a naturally occurring compound found in rotting fruits and vegetables. It was also isolated from crown gall tumors.
629:
muscle and later in crown gall tumors. It is also found in other cephalopod species and lamellibranchs. It is the head member of the octopine family of opines.
752:-(D-1-carboxyethyl)-taurine) was found in some marine invertebrates. It is also called rhodoic acid. Structurally it is a member of the octopine family.
201:
2. Agrocinopines form a small, separate class of opines. Chemically they are sugar-phosphodiesters. For example, agrocinopine A is a phosphodiester of
175:
serves as the keto substrate in the condensation reaction. The octopine family (octopine, octopinic acid, lysopine, histopine) is formed when
855:
366:-1-(D-mannityl)-L-glutamic acid lactam) is produced by crown gall tumors. Belongs to the mannityl family. It is formed by
390:-(1-carboxyethyl)-alanine) were isolated from marine invertebrates. Structurally it is a member of the octopine family.
469:-(D-1,3-dicarboxypropyl) derivative of glutamine) is a member of the nopaline family isolated from crown gall tumors.
549:-1-(D-mannityl)-L-glutamine) is found in crown gall tumors. It is the head member of the mannityl family of opines.
525:-(D-1,3-dicarboxypropyl) derivative of leucine) is a member of the nopaline family isolated from crown gall tumors.
233:
comes from the identification of this molecule in tumors that appeared on "nopal", the
Spanish and French names of
171:
families. The nopaline family (nopaline, nopalinic acid, leucinopine, glutaminopine, succinamopine) is formed when
241:
301:
is a source of four opine type amino acids: valinopine, epileucinopine, isoleucinopine and phenylalaninopine.
802:"Diversity of opines and opine-catabolizing bacteria isolated from naturally occurring crown gall tumors"
297:
276:
50:. Opine biosynthesis is catalyzed by specific enzymes encoded by genes contained in a small segment of
561:-1-(D-mannityl)-L-glutamic acid) was isolated from crown gall tumors. Belongs to the mannityl family.
641:-(D-1-carboxyethyl)-L-ornithine) is a member of the octopine family isolated from crown gall tumors.
611:-(D-1,3-dicarboxypropyl)-L-ornithine) is a member of the nopaline family found in crown gall tumors.
172:
35:
187:
831:
263:
259:
537:-(D-1-carboxyethyl)-L-lysine) is a member of the octopine family found in crown gall tumors.
493:-(D-1-carboxyethyl)histidine) is a member of the octopine family found in crown gall tumors.
821:
813:
826:
801:
849:
418:
367:
84:
40:
728:. It acts as a fish attractant. Structurally it is a member of the octopine family.
688:
284:
817:
664:-(1-carboxy-2-phenylethyl)glutamic acid) was isolated from the poisonous mushroom
132:
105:
681:
152:
99:
95:
63:
55:
31:
719:
434:
255:
206:
156:
90:
46:
835:
509:-(1,3-dicarboxypropyl)isoleucine) was isolated from the poisonous mushroom
321:-(carboxymethyl)-arginine or demethyl-octopine) was isolated from cotton (
680:-(4'-aminobutyl)-D-glutamic acid) is an opine-like molecule derived from
625:-(D-1-carboxyethyl)-L-arginine) is the first opine discovered in 1927 in
615:
589:
414:
280:
251:
176:
168:
164:
137:
126:
94:
induces and catabolizes a specific set of opines, this set typifying the
79:
453:-(1,3-dicarboxypropyl)leucine) was isolated from the poisonous mushroom
768:-(1,3-dicarboxypropyl)valine) was isolated from the poisonous mushroom
722:
626:
582:
351:
235:
226:
202:
195:
800:
Moore, Larry W.; Chilton, William Scott; Canfield, Marilyn L. (1997).
295:, higher plants and mammals, including humans. The poisonous mushroom
182:
17:
309:
This is an alphabetical list of some opines or opine-like compounds.
292:
288:
75:
71:
121:
181:
160:
148:
144:
131:
120:
104:
481:-(1-carboxyethyl)glutamine) was obtained from crown gall tumors.
225:, the first opine discovered in 1927, not in crown galls, but in
421:
crown gall tumors. It is the deoxyfructosyl analog of agropine.
694:
Although not found in crown gall tumors, saccharopine (epsilon-
74:. The opines are used by the bacterium as an important energy,
54:(known as the T-DNA, for 'transfer DNA'), which is part of the
51:
581:
Mikimopine (4-epimer of cucumopine) was first isolated from
118:
Chemically, opines fall into two major structural classes:
413:-1-deoxy-D-fructosyl-L-glutamine) was first obtained from
329:) callus. It wasn't found in plant tissues transformed by
718:-(D-1-carboxyethyl)-glycine) was first isolated from the
378:
Beta-alanopine (2,2'-iminodipropionic acid or L-alanine,
102:. There are some 30 different opines described so far.
163:. The first subcategory includes the opines from the
275:
acetopine and nopaline can also be formed in normal
437:crown gall tumours and carrot hairy-root cultures.
333:and therefore it is not considered a "true" opine.
287:is an intermediate in the metabolism of amino acid
30:are low molecular weight compounds found in plant
573:--L-methionine) was found in crown gall tumors.
433:-imidazopyridine-4-propanoic acid) was found in
147:derivatives resulting from the reduction of the
429:Cucumopine (4,6-dicarboxy-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1
38:produced by pathogenic bacteria of the genus
8:
764:-(1-carboxy-2-methylpropyl)glutamic acid or
70:), inserted by the bacterium into the plant
736:Succinamopine (also named asparaginopine) (
505:-(1-carboxy-2-methylbutyl)glutamic acid or
449:-(1-carboxy-3-methylbutyl)glutamic acid or
266:belong to different classes of molecules.
179:is involved in the condensation reaction.
825:
684:. It is obtained from crown gall tumors.
792:
714:Strombine (Methylimidodiacetic acid or
806:Applied and Environmental Microbiology
607:Nopalinic acid (also named ornaline) (
7:
143:1. The vast majority are secondary
109:General overview of opine-synthesis
25:
477:Heliopine (also named vitopine) (
279:and plant tissue as a result of
1:
818:10.1128/AEM.63.1.201-207.1997
151:formed by condensation of an
239:spp. cactus. According to
872:
409:Chrysopine (d-lactone of
242:Oxford English Dictionary
382:-(1-carboxyethyl)-) and
270:Other sources of opines
82:source. Each strain of
856:Amino acid derivatives
190:
186:Chemical structure of
140:
136:Chemical structure of
129:
125:Chemical structure of
110:
770:Clitocybe acromelalga
666:Clitocybe acromelalga
511:Clitocybe acromelalga
455:Clitocybe acromelalga
298:Clitocybe acromelalga
185:
135:
124:
108:
660:Phenylalaninopine (
173:alpha-ketoglutarate
585:crow gall tumors.
323:Gossypium hirsutum
191:
141:
130:
114:Chemical structure
111:
656:Phenylalaninopine
557:Mannopinic acid (
386:-alanopine (meso-
36:hairy root tumors
16:(Redirected from
863:
840:
839:
829:
797:
637:Octopinic acid (
501:Isoleucinopine (
445:Epileucinopine (
362:Agropinic acid (
155:, either with a
21:
871:
870:
866:
865:
864:
862:
861:
860:
846:
845:
844:
843:
799:
798:
794:
789:
553:Mannopinic acid
465:Glutaminopine (
325:) and soybean (
307:
272:
215:
116:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
869:
867:
859:
858:
848:
847:
842:
841:
812:(1): 201–207.
791:
790:
788:
785:
778:
777:
758:
757:
746:
745:
734:
733:
712:
711:
704:
703:
692:
691:
674:
673:
658:
657:
651:nopalinic acid
647:
646:
635:
634:
633:Octopinic acid
619:
618:
605:
604:
603:Nopalinic acid
593:
592:
579:
578:
567:
566:
555:
554:
543:
542:
531:
530:
519:
518:
499:
498:
497:Isoleucinopine
487:
486:
475:
474:
463:
462:
443:
442:
441:Epileucinopine
427:
426:
407:
406:
396:
395:
394:Asparaginopine
376:
375:
360:
359:
358:Agropinic acid
348:
347:
339:
338:
315:
314:
306:
305:List of opines
303:
291:and occurs in
271:
268:
214:
211:
115:
112:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
868:
857:
854:
853:
851:
837:
833:
828:
823:
819:
815:
811:
807:
803:
796:
793:
786:
784:
783:
775:
774:
773:
771:
767:
763:
755:
754:
753:
751:
743:
742:
741:
739:
732:Succinamopine
731:
730:
729:
727:
724:
721:
717:
709:
708:
707:
701:
700:
699:
697:
690:
687:
686:
685:
683:
679:
671:
670:
669:
667:
663:
655:
654:
653:
652:
644:
643:
642:
640:
632:
631:
630:
628:
624:
617:
614:
613:
612:
610:
602:
601:
600:
598:
591:
588:
587:
586:
584:
576:
575:
574:
572:
564:
563:
562:
560:
552:
551:
550:
548:
540:
539:
538:
536:
528:
527:
526:
524:
521:Leucinopine (
516:
515:
514:
512:
508:
504:
496:
495:
494:
492:
484:
483:
482:
480:
472:
471:
470:
468:
461:Glutaminopine
460:
459:
458:
456:
452:
448:
440:
439:
438:
436:
432:
424:
423:
422:
420:
419:chrysanthemum
416:
412:
404:
403:
402:
401:
400:succinamopine
393:
392:
391:
389:
385:
381:
373:
372:
371:
370:of agropine.
369:
368:lactamization
365:
357:
356:
355:
353:
345:
344:
343:
337:Agrocinopines
336:
335:
334:
332:
331:Agrobacterium
328:
324:
320:
312:
311:
310:
304:
302:
300:
299:
294:
290:
286:
282:
278:
269:
267:
265:
261:
257:
253:
248:
244:
243:
238:
237:
232:
228:
224:
220:
212:
210:
208:
204:
199:
197:
189:
184:
180:
178:
174:
170:
166:
162:
158:
154:
150:
146:
139:
134:
128:
123:
119:
113:
107:
103:
101:
97:
93:
92:
87:
86:
85:Agrobacterium
81:
77:
73:
69:
65:
61:
60:Agrobacterium
57:
53:
49:
48:
43:
42:
41:Agrobacterium
37:
33:
29:
19:
809:
805:
795:
781:
779:
769:
765:
761:
760:Valinopine (
759:
749:
747:
737:
735:
725:
715:
713:
705:
695:
693:
689:Saccharopine
677:
675:
665:
661:
659:
650:
648:
638:
636:
622:
620:
608:
606:
596:
594:
580:
570:
569:Methiopine (
568:
558:
556:
546:
544:
534:
532:
522:
520:
510:
506:
502:
500:
490:
488:
478:
476:
466:
464:
454:
450:
446:
444:
430:
428:
410:
408:
399:
397:
387:
383:
379:
377:
363:
361:
349:
340:
330:
326:
322:
318:
316:
308:
296:
285:Saccharopine
283:metabolism.
273:
246:
240:
234:
230:
222:
218:
216:
213:Nomenclature
200:
192:
142:
117:
89:
83:
67:
59:
45:
39:
27:
26:
748:Tauropine (
676:Rideopine (
545:Mannopine (
517:Leucinopine
489:Histopine (
327:Glycine max
317:Acetopine (
245:, the word
221:comes from
787:References
756:Valinopine
702:Santhopine
682:putrescine
621:Octopine (
595:Nopaline (
577:Mikimopine
565:Methiopine
533:Lysopine (
425:Cucumopine
405:Chrysopine
153:amino acid
100:Ri plasmid
96:Ti plasmid
64:Ri plasmid
56:Ti plasmid
34:tumors or
32:crown gall
782:heliopine
744:Tauropine
720:gastropod
710:Strombine
672:Rideopine
541:Mannopine
485:Histopine
473:Heliopine
435:grapevine
374:Alanopine
313:Acetopine
256:stylopine
217:The name
207:arabinose
188:mannopine
157:keto acid
91:Rhizobium
68:Rhizobium
47:Rhizobium
850:Category
836:16535484
776:Vitopine
726:Strombus
645:Ornaline
616:Octopine
590:Nopaline
529:Lysopine
415:fig tree
346:Agropine
281:arginine
264:lycopine
260:europine
252:atropine
231:Nopaline
229:muscle.
223:octopine
177:pyruvate
169:octopine
165:nopaline
138:octopine
127:nopaline
80:nitrogen
827:1389099
723:mollusk
627:octopus
583:tobacco
352:lactone
236:Opuntia
227:octopus
203:sucrose
196:mannose
834:
824:
289:lysine
277:callus
262:, and
205:and L-
76:carbon
72:genome
28:Opines
18:Opines
293:fungi
247:opine
219:opine
161:sugar
159:or a
149:imine
145:amine
62:) or
832:PMID
780:See
649:See
417:and
398:See
384:meso
167:and
98:and
88:and
78:and
66:(in
58:(in
44:and
822:PMC
814:doi
52:DNA
852::
830:.
820:.
810:63
808:.
804:.
772:.
668:.
513:.
457:.
354:.
258:,
254:,
209:.
198:.
838:.
816::
766:N
762:N
750:N
738:N
716:N
696:N
678:N
662:N
639:N
623:N
609:N
597:N
571:N
559:N
547:N
535:N
523:N
507:N
503:N
491:N
479:N
467:N
451:N
447:N
431:H
411:N
388:N
380:N
364:N
319:N
20:)
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