369:. Areva would hold a 66% stake to the Nigerien mining office's 33%. At a projected output of five thousand tonnes of ore a year, it would be largest uranium mine in the world by 2012, as the SOMAIR and COMINAK mines are phased out. The deal would make Niger the second largest uranium producer in the world, and included plans to construct a civil nuclear power station for Niger. While Areva officials earlier in the year admitted the security situation makes it impossible to prospect at night, the operations of the mines were by December unaffected by the Tuareg rebellion. Despite the 2007 awarding of nearly 100 prospecting contracts to firms other than Areva, the high-profile Chinese and Canadian projects were in 2009 not yet formalised.
346:, which is hoped to double or triple their production in Niger. In January 2008, Areva signed a deal to invest over 1 billion euros into its three operations in Niger, increasing the share of revenues going to the government of Niger by 50 percent. Areva is also being pressured by the opening for the first time of over 100 concessions for uranium mining in Niger, most notably to Canadian and Chinese firms.
385:
Areva argues that it is a good steward of the environment and a partner in development with the
Nigerien people. The company stresses that most workers it directly employs in Niger are locals, and that the revenue generated by these mines is the single largest foreign exchange source for Niger. When
353:(MNJ) operations in early and mid-2008 affected transport of ore from Arlit. Despite the violence in the Aïr Massif, Areva NC and the Nigerien government were by later 2008 unhindered in their exploitation of the Arlit uranium mines and in the transport of its product by highway to ports in
381:
relationship with the former French colony, having obtained monopoly rights to mine uranium for nearly forty years, while Niger remains (as of 2006) the least developed country in the world. There has been speculation that Areva was the primary vehicle (and motivation) for French government
457:. Plant manufactures zirconium sponge through chemical operations and extractible metallurgical processes. It also values derived products issued from the zirconium process such as hafnium salt, magnesium and silicium, as well as zirconium and hafnium oxides and highly pure hafnium.
401:
In
January 2008, a Swiss human rights group awarded Areva's Niger operations their "2008 Public Eye Global Award" for the "worst company in the world", citing charges of radioactive pollution, poor working conditions, and the deaths of a number of workers. The
1593:
514:
Plant established in 1971 with a workforce of 360. Metalworking (melting, forging) and transformation of reactive metals such as zirconium, hafnium, titanium for critical nuclear and aeronautical applications. Plant turns zirconium
1461:
338:
The sporadic fighting in the uranium-producing north halted Areva's Niger mining operations in late 2007, and expansion plans were only beginning to resume in
February 2008, while the insecurity and uncertainty remained.
944:"Uranium mining in Niger: mineworkers are not sufficiently informed about health risks, open-air storage of radioactive materials. Workers with cancer are deliberately given a false diagnosis at the company hospital."
634:
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1004:
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511:(CNRS) and universities. It conducts research and development of new alloys for fuel assemblies. It develops software for fabrication of zirconium sponge, shaping of zirconium alloys, and conversion processes.
723:
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210:
In June 2001, Cogema became a part of the Topco group which was renamed Areva in
September 2001. In 2006, Cogema became Areva NC and began the construction of a new uranium enrichment plant at the
903:
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777:
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in 2005, Areva donated 130,000 euros in June 2005 to the food crisis coordination group of Niger, and 120,000 euros in July in the form of two planes loaded with food and organized by
229:
Areva NC is based in France and with its subsidiaries has a presence in more than 30 countries. It employs approximately 19,000 people worldwide. In France, it operates the
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293:). These two mines accounted for 3,093 metric tonnes of uranium in 2005, almost 10 percent of annual global production and 30% of French consumption and 32% of
273:, runs as joint ventures with (minority) stakeholders from the Nigerien government and smaller foreign investors. Arlit was in fact built in the midst of the
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331:, who had resigned from his functions as secretary general of the Nigerien government to take a consulting job with Areva-Niger, was asked by the Nigerian
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479:. This and Duisburg plants pilder mills the Trex as a fuel rod (claddings and guide tubes). Paimboeuf plant also makes zirconium bars for end caps.
315:
On 25 July 2007, the CEO of Areva-Niger, Dominique Pin, was expelled from Niger (although he was in Paris at the time) on charges of supporting the
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507:. Also a service center, it employs 25 engineers and technicians in zirconium-based alloys metallurgy and processes. It has partnerships with the
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327:'s government was motivated by negotiations concerning the uranium trade agreement, which was finally renewed on 1 August 2007. Furthermore,
301:. The increase in the cost of uranium on world markets in 2006 (more than 46%) will enable Niger to triple its revenues sourced from Areva.
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to remain in Niger instead of flying to France for an integration workshop until a "clarification of the situation" could be obtained.
877:
678:
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Georges Capus, Pascal
Bourrelier and Moussa Souley. Uranium Mining in Niger; Status and Perspectives of a Top Five Producing Country
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In July 2008, four French workers were kidnapped from Areva operations near Arlit, but quickly released. Nigerien rebels of the
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to support these operations, and has a large expatriate population employed by Areva and its subcontractors. These ventures are
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in March 2006. As a result of restructuring of Areva, Areva NC became part of Orano and changed its name to Orano Cycle.
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semifinished product. Main operations: melt, forge, extrude and recycle. Outputs extruded billets, slabs and bars.
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NGO. Nigerien critics point out that this aid amounted to 0.05% of Areva's annual profits of 428 million euros.
883:. DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL STUDIES, FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA. (JUNE, 2004).
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625:, Direction Générale de l'Énergie et des Matières Premières, 16 April 2002. Accessed on line 23 December 2007.
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13 January 2008 AREVA strengthens its presence in Niger with the signing of a win-win partnership agreement
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536:"Il travaillait dans un atelier de production chez Cezus, une usine du groupe nucléaire français Areva ."
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involvement in the
Nigerien government's poor history of democracy and human rights since the late 1960s.
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At the beginning of 2009, Niger and the French state mining company agreed a deal to build near Arlit the
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490:. Plant rolls (hot and cold) the slab to coils and strips for the structure of the fuel assembly.
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site. In 2008, Areva NC launched the
Comurhex II projects for new uranium conversion plants at
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In 2018, Areva NC changed its name to Orano Cycle to reflect the restructuring of Areva.
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191:(COGEMA). As of 1999, COGEMA was majority owned by CEA (81.5%) with minority owned by
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or CEZUS is a subsidiary of Areva NC. It is the company's front-end operation for
885:
846:. Rob Foulkes and Daniel Litvin: Critical Resource. mineweb.com 19 September 2008
590:, Anti-Nuclear Alliance of Western Australia. Accessed on line 23 December 2007.
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613:, Nicholas Pederson, ACDIS occasional paper. Accessed on line 23 December 2007.
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DOUKA ALASSANE MAHAMIDOU. NIGER'S FOREIGN POLICY WITH FRANCE (1974 - 1987),
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751:. By Marie Maitre and Abdoulaye Massalatchi: Reuters. Mon 14 January 2008.
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Areva NC's Niger operations consist of three concessions near the town of
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454:
439:
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Groupement des scientifiques pour l'information sur l'énergie nucléaire
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based rebel group fighting in the Arlit area has echoed these charges.
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196:
161:
The company was originally created in 1976. In 2001, it became part of
147:
888:. UN Integrated Regional Information Networks (IRIN), 10 October 2007.
504:
468:. Plant transforms extruded billets into an extruded tube, the trex.
387:
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24:
900:
24 October 2007 Update on deployment of AREVA health-watch programs
438:". It forms Areva's Fuel Zirconium Division with the ANF plant in
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500:
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354:
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969:
855:
Guy Martin. "Uranium: A Case-Study in Franco-African
Relations".
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Cezus' primary research and development center, named CRC, is in
138:, is a French nuclear fuel company. It is the main subsidiary of
1326:
487:
332:
237:, the Pierrelatte nuclear site (Tricastin nuclear site) and the
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114:
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Compagnie Minière d'Akouta': African
Development Information
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Société des Mines de l'Aïr,: African
Development Information
442:, Germany. It operates five sites in France. The commune of
939:
430:. It produces "zirconium alloy tubes, bars, and sheets for
377:
Areva has been criticised both in Niger and the west for a
1398:(Bollène, Lapalud, Pierrelatte, Saint-Paul-Trois-Châteaux)
917:"Peu enrichi à l'uranium ("Not much enriched by uranium")"
181:
was created based on the uranium production activities of
1391:
Meuse/Haute Marne Underground Research Laboratory (Andra)
808:. Anne-Sylvaine Chassany, Bloomberg News. 25 March 2008.
342:
Prior to this, Areva also gained a concession in nearby
721:"Conflit armé dans le nord. Des morts et des réfugiés"
142:
It is an industrial group active in all stages of the
637:, history, Areva. Accessed on line 23 December 2007.
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says Cezus is the worldwide number one in zirconium.
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Non-renewable resource companies established in 1976
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862:"Niger Renews Mining Deal With Nuclear Giant Areva"
806:"Areva Will Post Loss From Niger Uranium This Year"
673:. World Nuclear Association Annual Symposium, 2004.
109:
93:
83:
69:
61:
51:
41:
778:"Uranium-rich Niger eyes nuclear power generation"
960:By Gustavo Capdevila. BERN, 17 January 2008 (IPS)
951:WORLD ECONOMIC FORUM: The Public Eye Is Watching
762:"Mining for Energy: China's Relations with Niger"
749:Areva renews Niger uranium deal, pays 50 pct more
530:It is the site where Sylvain Mollier, one of the
386:the population of Niger was exposed to a serious
974:Tuaregs slow, but don't halt, Niger uranium boom
285:) which operates an open pit uranium mine, and
509:French National Centre for Scientific Research
1041:
790:"La course à l'uranium reprend dans le monde"
527:Subsidiary: Société Timet Savoie (titanium).
8:
256:, closed in 2001 when its reserves ran out.
36:
859:, Vol. 27, No. 4 (Dec., 1989), pp. 625-640.
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1067:
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925:(in French). 3 August 2005. Archived from
837:"Areva feels uranium mining heat in Niger"
132:Compagnie générale des matières nucléaires
35:
189:Compagnie Générale des Matières Nucléaire
573:
1685:Nuclear technology companies of France
1539:1999 Blayais Nuclear Power Plant flood
702:"Atomes pas très crochus au Niger" in
857:The Journal of Modern African Studies
827:. Areva press release (January 2009)
768:. Volume 7, Issue 18 (3 October 2007)
252:. The last mine operation in France,
7:
1670:French companies established in 1976
1660:Energy companies established in 1976
698:
696:
694:
692:
690:
554:, a site shared by Areva NC and the
244:Orano Cycle has uranium reserves in
940:Swiss human rights group Public Eye
886:Niger: Uranium - Blessing Or Curse?
1690:Uranium mining companies of France
1636:List of nuclear reactors in France
14:
1675:Manufacturing companies of France
623:AREVA : un avenir à préparer
556:Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique
184:Commissariat à l'énergie atomique
1620:Nuclear power stations in France
947:Criirad, French anti-nuclear NGO
218:and [Tricastin sites in France.
199:(3.5%). It also owned stakes in
1534:Anti-nuclear movement in France
1512:(formerly COGEMA and Areva NC)
997:(Commune of Ugine, 19/09/2012)
942:2008 Public Eye Global Award.
297:, but less than 5% of Niger's
231:reprocessing plant at La Hague
29:Compagnie de gestion de Matane
1:
780:. Reuters. Fri 9 January 2009
611:The French Desire for Uranium
534:victims, worked when he died.
351:Movement Nigerien for Justice
254:La Société des Mines de Jouac
1625:Nuclear technology in France
311:Tuareg rebellion (2007–2009)
187:(CEA). Later it was renamed
179:Compagnie générale des mines
1165:(Saint-Paul-Trois-Châteaux)
1001:(Areva website, 19/09/2012)
558:(CEA) nuclear organization.
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432:pressurized water reactors
308:
291:Compagnie Minière d'Akouta
283:Société des Mines de l'Aïr
165:; its name was changed to
18:
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726:27 September 2007 at the
600:France and Nuclear Energy
102:Jean-Jacques Dreher (CEO)
1544:Death of Sébastien Briat
979:13 December 2007 at the
823:25 February 2009 at the
652:6 September 2008 at the
305:2007 conflict with Niger
248:, Canada, Australia and
1615:Nuclear power in France
1529:Accidents and incidents
1382:(Marcoule, Pierrelatte)
1273:Research, experimental,
1057:Nuclear power in France
867:3 February 2008 at the
635:COGEMA becomes AREVA NC
605:16 October 2007 at the
586:1 February 2008 at the
562:Nuclear power in France
317:Second Tuareg Rebellion
1680:Nuclear fuel companies
1396:Tricastin Nuclear Site
1374:Institut Laue–Langevin
1364:CEA Fontenay-aux-Roses
708:, 22 August 2007, p.4
436:boiling water reactors
329:Laouel Kader Mahamadou
16:French nuclear company
1493:Électricité de France
1216:Saint-Laurent (A1/A2)
989:, London, 11-12-2007.
897:Two examples include:
880:4.5.2 NIGER'S URANIUM
235:Marcoule nuclear site
1329:(under construction)
1323:(under construction)
1265:(under construction)
1236:Power plant reactors
956:27 June 2010 at the
929:on 13 February 2008.
842:7 September 2012 at
733:Le Républicain-Niger
668:: Mining operations.
150:mining, conversion,
1599:Sortir du nucléaire
1501:(formerly Areva NP)
681:7 July 2011 at the
373:Long term relations
38:
1608:Related categories
1352:Research locations
1275:prototype reactors
1248:CP0, CP1, CP2, CPY
1200:Creys-Malville SPX
1022:, official website
922:Le Canard enchaîné
875:, 14 January 2008.
705:Le Canard enchaîné
321:Le Canard enchaîné
158:, and recycling.
144:uranium fuel cycle
1642:
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1190:Chinon (A1/A2/A3)
871:. Jade Heilmann,
736:, 23 August 2007
323:, this move from
212:Tricastin nuclear
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1574:Dominique Voynet
1520:Public discourse
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239:Cadarache center
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1380:CEA Marcoule
1369:CEA Grenoble
1288:EL-2, EL-3 (
1277:and concepts
1064:Power plants
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986:The Guardian
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70:Headquarters
42:Company type
33:
1510:Orano Cycle
1477:Naval Group
1316:Superphénix
1153:Saint-Alban
1123:Flamanville
766:China Brief
738:(in French)
710:(in French)
379:neocolonial
265:Concessions
126:, formerly
124:Orano Cycle
115:Orano.group
85:Area served
37:Orano Cycle
23:service in
1649:Categories
1407:Fuel cycle
1386:CEA Saclay
1376:(Grenoble)
1284:EL-1 (Zoé)
1206:Fessenheim
1133:Gravelines
1078:Belleville
568:References
250:Kazakhstan
225:Operations
195:(15%) and
193:Total S.A.
152:enrichment
140:Orano S.A.
95:Key people
21:rail ferry
1499:Framatome
1421:Tricastin
1409:locations
1340:(concept)
1180:Brennilis
1163:Tricastin
1118:Dampierre
472:Painboeuf
424:zirconium
344:Imouraren
201:Framatome
177:In 1976,
1441:La Hague
1338:Flexblue
1306:Rapsodie
1211:Marcoule
1093:Cattenom
1020:Areva NC
977:Archived
954:Archived
865:Archived
840:Archived
821:Archived
794:Le Monde
724:Archived
679:Archived
650:Archived
603:Archived
584:Archived
552:Marcoule
540:See also
519:into an
440:Duisburg
167:Areva NC
136:Areva NC
52:Industry
19:For the
1589:CRIIRAD
1426:Eurodif
1416:Malvési
1253:P4, P'4
1195:Chooz A
1185:Bugey 1
1128:Golfech
1083:Blayais
548:program
546:Eurodif
396:Réussir
287:COMINAK
216:Malvési
197:Technip
173:History
148:uranium
110:Website
62:Founded
56:Nuclear
1462:ANCCLI
1446:Manche
1431:Romans
1333:ASTRID
1311:Phénix
1173:Closed
1143:Paluel
1138:Nogent
1108:Civaux
1098:Chinon
1071:Active
1007:Le Vif
609:, §2,
581:Cogema
517:sponge
505:Savoie
483:Rugles
450:Jarrie
410:France
404:Tuareg
388:famine
279:Somair
275:Sahara
233:, the
205:Eramet
134:) and
128:COGEMA
89:France
78:France
46:Public
27:, see
25:Quebec
1655:Areva
1505:Orano
1495:(EDF)
1472:Areva
1467:Andra
1148:Penly
1113:Cruas
1103:Chooz
1088:Bugey
521:alloy
501:Ugine
494:Ugine
455:Isère
444:Ugine
420:Cezus
415:Cezus
355:Benin
271:Arlit
260:Niger
246:Niger
163:Areva
74:Paris
1327:ITER
1243:UNGG
488:Eure
434:and
333:DGSE
203:and
65:1976
1488:CEA
1483:ASN
1321:JHR
1296:TFR
1263:EPR
394:'s
299:GDP
1651::
1435:fr
1258:N4
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