220:'s dictatorship. It was the most serious attempt at creating an armed resistance to the dictator's repressive government. Even though the organization was discovered before it was capable of attacking in the government in any way, the wave of repression which followed the discovery was enormous. During that period of repression, several leaders of the organization were captured, tortured and then executed, but the violence also extended to many regions of the country, affecting several agrarian movements and agrarian workers that had nothing to do with the OPM.
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On April 3, 1976, Carlos Brañas, a
Paraguayan medicine student of Corrientes, is caught when he enters Paraguay through the Paraná River in a boat. He brought with him a bunch of the organization"s papers, including the clandestine magazine of the organization. Through his detention, the police found
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The repression did not affect only the OPM. The police took advantage of the episode to hit persons and institutions that were not linked to the organization but that were considered to be hostile by the regime. Most of the prisoners the police took during the repression were liberated in the days,
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In fact, the OPM never reached the level of organization that Da Costa desired. The military training was far too poor and the level of security too. Actually, the OPM had, approximately 400 members in 1976. Most of these members didn"t have a political or military background and just a few of them
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Later on, the organization would extend to the rural areas, where the
Agrarian Christian Leagues were the main agrarian organizations of the country. In 1975, the National Conduction of the OPM was integrated by Juan Carlos Da Costa, his couple, Nidia González Talavera and the agrarian leader
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The night of April 4, a police brigade broke into Mario
Schaerer Prono's house, an OPM member. After a brief shooting where Juan Carlos Da Costa first shot Alberto Cantero, the police chief and a powerful man at the time, and then the police killed Da Costa. Mario Schaerer Prono and his wife
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In Asunción, the organization grew quickly through the student movements in the university, mainly through the
Independent Movement. Most of the students of the Independent Movement would join the OPM later on. The Student Group, a clandestine organization of college students and high school
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The political proposition of the organization was based in a mutual cooperation between the proletariat and the agrarian workers, and the construction of a party with a
Marxist–Leninist ideology, but the definition of the political view of the organization was too unclear yet.
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had already avoided the few attempts of assassinate him in the past and had dealt with every single one of the opposition who represented a menace to him. During the 70's, the country was in a period of economic growth, due to the construction of the hydroelectric
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The repression continued and in the next days the police would imprison hundreds of agrarian workers. Some of the victims of the repression had nothing to do with the OPM, but lived near the areas where the OPM worked. The press call the repression, "the
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Guillermina
Kannonnikoff managed to escape through the backyard of the house and hid in the school San Cristóbal, where they both taught. A short time after, the police found both of them. Mario was tortured to death.
264:, who had been active in student movements and had collaborated in some literary magazines, was the main leader and the one who came up with the idea of creating a revolutionary clandestine movement.
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out the existence of the clandestine organization and began the investigation that would lead to the imprisonment and the execution of most of the OPM members, including Juan Carlos Da Costa.
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weeks or following months. Almost all of them suffered torture. This is undoubtedly the most important repressive episode of
Stroessner's dictatorship.
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FOGEL, Ramón. "Movimientos campesinos en el
Paraguay". Centro Paraguayo de Estudios Sociológicos. Asunción, 1986.
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BOCCIA PAZ, Alfredo. "La década inconclusa. Historia real de la OPM", Editorial El Lector, Asunción, 1997.
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students, with a similar structure of the
Montoneros, was created by the OPM.
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GARCIA LUPO, Rogelio. "Paraguay de
Stroessner". Ed. BSA, Buenos Aires, 1989.
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where he met several leaders of the Argentine movement
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245:, and also thanks to the exportation of
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161:introducing
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