451:, the great peninsula to the southwest point of the island. The valley was pretty well sheltered from the cold wind; but there was very little brushwood for making a fire; the Gauchos soon found what to my surprise made nearly as hot a fire as coals, it was the bones of a bullock, lately killed but all the flesh picked off by the Vultures. They told me that in winter time they have often killed an animal, cleaned the flesh from the bones with their knives, & then with these very bones roasted the meat for their dinner. What curious resources will necessity put men to discover!
353:, I interested myself as much as possible to induce them to remain, and with partial success, for seven staid out of twelve ... Although the climate is so much colder than that of Buenos Ayres, the gauchos sleep in the open air, when in the interior, under their saddles, just as they do in the latitude of 35°. While idling at the settlement they gamble, quarrel, and fight with long knives, giving each other severe wounds. With their loose
569:
318:
19:
816:
310:
887:
728:. Finding a growing need for a minister of their own, they undertook, with the assistance of the Company to employ a minister for Darwin, and in 1872, Rev Yeoman took up the appointment. In 1873, an iron constructed church was brought from England and erected at Darwin. About this time, it was estimated that one third of the Falklands' population belonged to the
1001:
83:
851:. According to the 2001 census, the people who have settled in the Falklands during the last decade originated from the United Kingdom (30 per cent of the entire population excepting those resident in connection with the military garrison, including however some children born abroad to Falklander parents),
682:
and management in the cattle and sheep farming. Among the typical such names or descriptive and generic parts of names are 'Rincon Grande', 'Ceritos', 'Campito', 'Cantera', 'Terra Motas', 'Malo River', 'Brasse Mar', 'Dos Lomas', 'Torcida Point', 'Pioja Point', 'Estancia', 'Oroqueta', 'Piedra Sola',
233:
by general consent; they say they have been deceived by Vernet and others, who have kept many of them upon the Island contrary to their inclinations and appeared greatly
Rejoiced at the opportunity thus presented of Removing with their families from a desolate Region where the climate is always cold
959:
British cultural, economic, social, political and educational values create a unique
British-like, Falkland Islands. Yet Islanders feel distinctly different from their fellow citizens who reside in the United Kingdom. This might have something to do with geographical isolation or with living on a
106:
authorities in 1811, the only inhabitants of the islands were people who in their various capacities travelled back and forth, carried out a variety of commercial and shipping activities, sought refuge there, and through various efforts attempted to colonize the islands. Most numerous by far among
661:
The
Falklands English vernacular has a fair amount of borrowed Spanish words (often modified or corrupted); they are particularly numerous, indeed dominant in the local horse-related terminology. For instance, the Islanders use 'alizan', 'colorao', 'negro', 'blanco', 'gotiao', 'picasso', 'sarco',
1251:
Narrative of the surveying voyages of His
Majesty's Ships Adventure and Beagle between the years 1826 and 1836, describing their examination of the southern shores of South America, and the Beagle's circumnavigation of the globe. Proceedings of the second expedition, 1831–36, under the command of
1151:
Narrative of the surveying voyages of His
Majesty's Ships Adventure and Beagle between the years 1826 and 1836, describing their examination of the southern shores of South America, and the Beagle's circumnavigation of the globe. Proceedings of the second expedition, 1831–36, under the command of
1040:
had tremendous security, economic and social implications for the
Falkland Islanders. The War opened the prospects for long needed reforms, reversing the demographic, economic and social decline that the Falklands had suffered for several decades. The Islanders became self-confident masters of
778:, that supported a transient population varying from few hundred in winter to over 1,000 in summer. Some Falkland Islanders found employment with South Georgian whaling bases or ships, while some whalers settled in the Falklands to blend into the local populace. The whalers were predominantly
691:
The development of the sheep-breeding industry in the second half of the 19th century was accompanied by substantial immigration, increasing the population sevenfold in fifty years, from 287 in 1851 to 2,043 in 1901. The vast majority of immigrants during that period came from the
1465:
677:
place names given by mariners, which refer mainly to islands, rocks, bays, coves, and capes (points) important for navigation, the post-1833 Spanish names usually identify inland geographical locations and features, reflecting the new practical necessity for orientation, land
972:
The recent devolution aspirations of Wales and
Scotland may be a factor. No sociological study has ever been commissioned to try to identify a plausible theory, and therefore it is difficult to elaborate on this emerging dichotomy, but significant sociological change has
542:, and another slave Gregoria Madrid. Most popular among them was Antonina Roxa whose hard work in several occupations (she was a skillful gaucho, and worked as such at Hope Place – Saladero) made her the owner of a 6,000-acre (24 km) farm and valuable real estate in
1237:
806:
nations. As a result of both natural demographic growth and ongoing immigration, the population of the
Falkland Islands reached a peak of 2,392 recorded in the 1931 census, a figure that would not be surpassed until late in the twentieth century.
1205:
946:
etc. Along with their common
British identity, each of these has its own distinct identity shaped in the respective particular circumstances of political, economic, social and cultural evolution history. According to Lewis Clifton,
867:(1 per cent), followed by Russia, Germany, with minor contributions by several dozens other nations from six continents. Children born abroad to Falkland Island women were enumerated in the 2001 census as being "Foreign-born".
1886:
1326:
152:
quoted references to the numbers and makeup of the inhabitants from a fellow officer who had previously visited Port Louis. According to that source there were about 100 people in the settlement, comprising:
224:
arrested 7 residents he deemed responsible for the detention of US sealing vessels, and also transported from the islands a further 33 persons, including families. In his report on the incident Duncan says:
1656:
1505:
Some of those born outside the
Islands are children of persons from the Falkland Islands where the mother's confinement, for medical reasons, occurred overseas, but the child arrived within six months of
337:
who outlines the scene of a land based population that is vastly outnumbered by the many ships that ply their trade around the islands, the whole completely unregulated by any authority whatsoever:
964:
Besides geographical isolation, the emerging of a distinct Falkland Islander national identity along with the originally undifferentiated British identity was possibly influenced by the
522:
The earliest known Falklands settler was Carmelita Penny (Simon) who had arrived as a slave after 1826. Her sons José Simon, Manuel Coronel Jr. and Richard Penny Jr. were all native
392:– there was no lack of the elements of discord; and it was with a heavy heart and gloomy forebodings that I looked forward to the months which might elapse without the presence of a
662:'rabincana' etc. for certain horse colours and looks, or 'bosal', 'cabresta', 'bastos', 'cinch', 'conjinilla', 'meletas', 'tientas', 'manares' etc. for various items of horse gear.
122:. The average number of English and American sealing vessels operating in the area is estimated between 40 and 50 meaning that several hundred to 1,000 sealers were involved.
1556:
1108:
2711:
3068:
1700:
526:(born in 1831, 1834 and 1837 respectively), whose fathers had been resident in the islands since before 1833. Among the prominent early Falkland Islanders of
423:& again we commenced the chase; at last he caught her round the horns. (...) Meat roasted with its skin (carne con cuero) is known over all these parts of
2971:
2706:
875:
775:
384:
with their clubs, if not also provided with rifles; these cut-throat looking gauchos; the discontented, downcast Indian prisoners, and the crews of several
2314:
1053:
994:
952:
349:, but as they were the only useful labourers on the islands, in fact, the only people on whom any dependence could be placed for a regular supply of fresh
202:
59:
2989:
2959:
2887:
1846:
2699:
1217:
827:
the number of Falkland Islanders has been steadily increasing to exceed 3,100 in 2007. That new growth was supported by a thriving economy, with wool
361:
eyes, they are characters fitter for the pencil of an artist than for the quiet hearth of an industrious settler. Besides these gauchos, we saw five
3058:
3053:
2799:
2794:
1044:
The Falkland Islanders consider themselves a nation, the ethnogenesis of which is no different from that of other immigrant nations typical of the
2999:
2964:
2904:
2674:
1930:
1811:
1269:. Transcription by Kees Rookmaaker from the facsimile published by Genesis Publications, Guildford, 1979. Edited by John van Wyhe. pp.436–438.
39:) derive from various origins. Earliest among these are the numerically small but internationally diverse early 19th century inhabitants of the
2994:
1041:
their natural resources, and managers of a vibrant economy that attracted a wide range of new technical and managerial personnel to immigrate.
580:-born Falkland Islanders contributed to shaping the Falklander identity in the 1830s–1850s, and nowadays their legacy is visible in Falklands
2332:
1906:
1009:
1535:
2934:
2858:
2716:
2679:
977:
Since the 1960s, the political dimension of Falklander identity has evolved around the campaign for recognition of the Islanders' right to
564:"working either as labourers or foremen in the ranches, because in this kind of work they are better than the majority of the foreigners".
1032:
In the Falkland Islands a national identity dynamic also exists: it is constructed upon the Islanders' desire not to deal with Argentina.
3009:
2863:
1801:
725:
267:
251:
3004:
2689:
1263:
362:
358:
279:
162:
1620:
2899:
2870:
2834:
2829:
2227:
1921:
1693:
1671:
1567:
1480:
1135:
1496:
1410:
491:
recorded 20 men as 'Gaucho' by profession, mostly of 'South American' nationality, with 8 of them having wives and young children.
2949:
2726:
2694:
2666:
2077:
2067:
555:
498:
213:
in November 1831 following his action involving the use of force against local American sealers, while the United States warship
116:
2926:
2781:
2572:
2377:
2202:
2197:
2003:
1958:
1953:
1873:
1103:
990:
2954:
2734:
2642:
2492:
2267:
2257:
2097:
1839:
1601:
1297:
407:
in 1833 and 1834, was greatly impressed by the expertise of his two gaucho assistants in the exploration of the interior of
650:– picturesque historical monuments of the 1840s–1870s, the epoch of pioneers who settled and developed the country outside
614:
farming industry that was to form the backbone of the Falklands economy for rather more than a century, until the offshore
2981:
2882:
2487:
2152:
2062:
1978:
732:
church. (...) As Stanley grew, the Darwin minister visited the town occasionally and held services in the infants' school.
2162:
1180:
Maisch, Christian J. The Falkland/Malvinas Islands Clash of 1831–32: U.S. and British Diplomacy in the South Atlantic.
2939:
2602:
2557:
2117:
2082:
1686:
1639:
907:
651:
460:
259:
206:
126:
2804:
2192:
419:, they hit her legs, but did not entangle her: he dropped his hat to mark the place where the balls fell, uncoiled his
2607:
2512:
2397:
1943:
2102:
2013:
1440:
3063:
2627:
2372:
2112:
1973:
993:
in 1980, and the new Falklands Constitution enacted in 1985. The constitution vests political power in the elected
2242:
2212:
1806:
2617:
2482:
2412:
2392:
1865:
1832:
985:
in 1968, Britain's recognition of the right to self-determination after the Islanders turned down the so-called "
737:
655:
543:
472:
377:, hovering about or at anchor among the islands; the men of several American vessels, all armed with rifles; the
1165:
Seventeenth periodic reports of States parties due in 2002: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
2875:
2789:
2532:
2387:
1881:
1778:
1723:
1715:
1098:
982:
717:
713:
697:
1768:
1163:
2357:
1758:
1743:
1080:
647:
234:
and cheerless and the soil extremely unproductive. These individuals some of whom have families, come from
2809:
1753:
1016:
A specific regional aspect of identity is the human relationship the Islanders traditionally maintain with
66:) with a minority from other European countries. There has also been significant recent contributions from
2853:
2684:
1773:
1748:
1728:
1466:
Political development, current constitutional review and the human relationship with the Falkland Islands.
803:
623:
505:
The settlers best adapted to colonise these Islands would be from among the industrious population of the
1193:
3029:
2167:
1733:
923:
871:
494:
475:, the new capital with better port facilities which was inaugurated in 1845. New arrivals included more
1206:
Report by Silas Duncan, Commander U.S.S. Lexington sent to Navy Secretary Levi Woodbury on 4 April 1932
859:(6 per cent; 15.8 per cent if people resident in connection with the military garrison were included,
618:
assumed that role in the 1980s. Eventually, gauchos took part in the colonization of the uninhabited
2914:
2472:
1738:
757:
230:
214:
166:
2277:
1963:
2754:
2749:
2597:
2304:
2023:
1998:
1789:
1763:
931:
631:
1349:
3033:
2909:
2841:
2744:
2652:
2132:
2107:
1532:
986:
978:
948:
844:
749:
523:
26:
2043:
1993:
1562:
Sofia: Manfred Wörner Foundation, 2003. Printed in Bulgaria by Double T Publishers. 96 pp.
365:(p. 267), who had been taken by the Buenos Ayrean troops, or their allies, and allowed to leave
346:
229:
But in taking this step I have consulted their own wishes, and they have embarked on board the
2766:
2362:
2299:
2187:
1667:
1563:
1476:
1131:
927:
313:
An Islander mounted in typical Falklands style with the usual gaucho horse gear, c. 1936.
182:
119:
2944:
2457:
2252:
2222:
1968:
1855:
856:
558:, who traveled extensively around the islands; according to his account there were up to 20
471:'s settlers. The population grew to 50 in 1841, and 200 by 1849, boosted by the building of
456:
404:
388:
whalers – who could not or would not see why they had not as good a right to the islands as
115:
who had pursued their industry on the Falklands at least since the 1770s, as pointed out by
40:
2771:
2637:
2622:
2567:
2327:
2237:
2172:
1643:
1624:
1617:
1605:
1585:
Clifton, Lewis. The Falkland Islands: Self-government with an emerging national identity?
1539:
1500:
1414:
1301:
1283:
The Malvinas, the South Georgias and the South Sandwich Islands, the conflict with Britain
935:
915:
721:
627:
568:
299:
1517:
1079:
and many other South American countries whose inhabitants are of principally European or
1493:
1407:
1343:
2761:
2612:
2577:
2562:
2547:
2432:
2422:
2407:
2287:
2282:
2232:
2217:
2207:
2122:
2092:
2018:
1983:
1948:
1901:
1093:
911:
899:
795:
787:
741:
531:
506:
400:
389:
334:
333:
An insight into the state of the local population in March 1833 is provided by Captain
178:
170:
149:
138:
108:
1222:
on 5 January 1833, and the prisoners sent to Buenos Aires by JosĂ© MarĂa Pinedo in the
3047:
2647:
2587:
2542:
2517:
2507:
2502:
2402:
2367:
2352:
2293:
2262:
2177:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2127:
2087:
2072:
2049:
2033:
2028:
2008:
1911:
1049:
1037:
824:
791:
693:
619:
596:
577:
547:
539:
484:
480:
424:
408:
326:
306:, and North American, making up a tiny population of some 7 different nationalities.
291:
275:
243:
194:
91:
52:
58:
who settled in the 1840s and 1850s; and since the late 1830s, settlers largely from
2739:
2537:
2452:
2442:
2342:
2247:
1938:
1056:
1005:
919:
852:
761:
729:
679:
551:
527:
381:
295:
255:
235:
221:
210:
209:
on 2 January 1833. Luis Vernet and his family left the Falklands, and returned to
190:
112:
67:
1598:
1391:
Corrals and Gauchos: Some of the people and places involved in the cattle industry
1294:
1194:
Islas Malvinas: Las Malvinas y el ArchipiĂ©lago Fueguino, Museo MarĂtimo de Ushuaia
317:
18:
141:, had about 100 inhabitants at its high point. In his account of his voyages in
2552:
2497:
2467:
2462:
2437:
2427:
2382:
2182:
2038:
1988:
1896:
1618:
Falkland Islands Government website. International Relations: Chile and Uruguay
1393:. Falklands Conservation Publication. Bangor: Peregrine Publishing, 1992. 48 pp.
1218:
List of the soldiers and civilians who left Port Louis, Falkland Islands on the
895:
832:
828:
779:
468:
370:
322:
130:
99:
44:
1678:
2632:
2582:
2347:
2337:
2272:
2157:
1891:
1048:, Australia or New Zealand; indeed no different from the case of neighbouring
965:
943:
939:
848:
815:
783:
768:
585:
393:
309:
283:
239:
142:
1636:
847:
as well as to the islands' role as one of the major gateways to neighbouring
201:
That population was reduced in 1831–32 by various means unconnected with the
2522:
2447:
1295:
A Brief History of the Falkland Islands. Part 4 – The British Colonial Era.
1064:
1025:
864:
753:
635:
581:
559:
960:
smaller island – perhaps akin to those British people not feeling European.
886:
1238:
List of the residents of Port Louis, Falkland Islands as of 5 January 1833
1000:
2592:
2322:
1045:
736:
An additional boost to that population growth came from the expansion of
705:
589:
510:
440:
2527:
2477:
2417:
2055:
1599:
A Brief History of the Falkland Islands. Part 6 – The Build-Up to War.
1362:
1842 Census Information, Falkland Islands Government Archives, Stanley.
1316:
1851 Census Information, Falkland Islands Government Archives, Stanley.
1068:
1021:
840:
836:
799:
771:
745:
666:
615:
600:
535:
459:, corroborated by other sources, in 1838 the then single settlement of
448:
432:
378:
374:
303:
287:
174:
82:
48:
31:
1072:
903:
701:
670:
643:
607:
606:
who settled in the islands in connection with the development of the
603:
488:
476:
464:
444:
436:
385:
366:
354:
342:
263:
186:
185:, pretending to follow some trade, but doing little or nothing. The
158:
94:. Watercolour by Dale, manager of Hope Place – Saladero in the 1850s.
87:
55:
1824:
767:
The early 20th century brought about a new industry to the region,
622:
in the 1860s and 1870s, although by that time many of them were of
1076:
1017:
860:
674:
611:
443:
was once to taste it, carne con cuero would soon be celebrated in
420:
416:
134:
103:
71:
63:
447:. (...) We slept in a valley in the neck of land which joins the
639:
428:
350:
1828:
1682:
890:
Hon. Lewis Clifton OBE. Speaker, Falklands Legislative Council.
740:'s port activities in service of the ships sailing between the
2892:
513:, accustomed to a hardy life and as much seamen as landmen...
1371:
Lasserre, Augusto. DescripciĂłn de un viaje a las Malvinas.
530:
origins were the gaucho Manuel Coronel Sr., Santiago Lopez (
43:, comprising and descended in part from settlers brought by
696:, mostly from Scotland. Scots were particularly common in
427:
for its excellence – it bears the same relation to common
294:
and their two children. Other nationalities recorded are
246:; they appear to be industrious and well disposed persons.
1637:
Falkland Islands Government website. Economy: Background
968:
processes taking place among the United Kingdom nations:
595:
A number of modern Falkland Islanders have some mainland
554:
is further recorded by Commodore Augusto Lasserre of the
863:(3 per cent), Australia and New Zealand (2.3 per cent),
483:
and military pensioners, farmers and shepherds from the
3032:
in England, and national diploma / NVQ students attend
1254:
London: Henry Colburn, 1839. Chapter XIII, pp. 274–279.
708:
Islands, which have a similar climate to these areas.
455:
According to Lieutenant B.J. Sullivan's survey of the
373:
to the Falklands. Including the crews of some thirty
329:(120 m in diameter, 3 m high); dated 1840s.
250:
On 5 January 1833, at the moment when the remaining
2980:
2925:
2818:
2780:
2725:
2665:
2313:
1929:
1920:
1872:
1787:
1714:
463:had a population of 40–45 residents including some
254:military abandoned the islands, 27 of the original
1441:"The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency"
1130:. St. Albans: The Penna Press, 1996. p. 137.
870:Some Falkland Islanders were even born beyond the
357:, slouched hats, long hair, dark complexions, and
1666:. Sofia: Manfred Wörner Foundation, 2003. 96 pp.
1664:The Future of the Falkland Islands and Its People
1558:The Future of the Falkland Islands and Its People
1475:. Sofia: Manfred Wörner Foundation, 2003. 96 pp.
1473:The Future of the Falkland Islands and Its People
1154:London: Henry Colburn, 1839. Chapter XII, p. 267.
874:, most recently in the 1980s in the territory of
823:Having shrunk as low as 1,813 in 1980, since the
1327:"The Falkland Islands: South Atlantic dreamers"
1109:Timeline of the history of the Falkland Islands
1061:
1030:
1024:, and the well-known Islander rejection of the
970:
957:
906:and mini-nations of the United Kingdom and the
710:
503:
415:St Jago soon separated a fat cow, he threw his
413:
339:
258:settlers and 2 temporary residents remained in
227:
155:
1403:
1401:
1399:
1168:. UN Document CERD/C/430/Add.3, 13 March 2003.
997:rather than the old style colonial governors.
1840:
1694:
1587:News and Journal 2004, The 21st Century Trust
1375:Newspaper, Buenos Aires, 19–21 November 1869.
1184:, Spring 2000, Vol. 24, Issue 2, pp. 185–209.
8:
1813:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
1312:
1310:
1277:
1275:
876:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
756:. The port was particularly busy during the
396:, or the semblance of any regular authority.
1657:Self-Determination in the Falkland Islands.
955:, the Falkland Islanders are no exception:
599:among their 19th century ancestors, mostly
2822:
1926:
1847:
1833:
1825:
1701:
1687:
1679:
1581:
1579:
1577:
1575:
1430:. Newton Abbot: David & Charles, 1983.
687:Late nineteenth to early twentieth century
572:Location of some Falkland Islands corrals.
501:, recommended in his Dispatch 13 of 1842:
1385:
1383:
1381:
843:, augmented with services related to the
760:, subsiding following the opening of the
712:In 1871, many shepherds situation on the
345:wished to leave the place, and return to
2800:Falkland Islands General Employees Union
2795:Falkland Islands Development Corporation
1176:
1174:
999:
885:
814:
567:
316:
308:
81:
17:
2905:Falkland Islands Government Air Service
1119:
981:. Key to this was the formation of the
882:Evolution of Falkland Islander identity
1145:
1143:
894:The Falkland Islanders are British by
1010:Falkland Islands Legislative Assembly
7:
3069:Demographics of the Falkland Islands
1608:Falkland Islands Information Portal.
1417:Falkland Islands Information Portal.
1304:Falkland Islands Information Portal.
1063:We are as much a people as those in
14:
2835:Falkland Islands Community School
2805:Falkland Landholdings Corporation
2685:Falkland Islands pound (currency)
831:giving way to a more diversified
634:etc.). There are some two dozen
98:Following the abandonment of the
1533:Golden Fleece Expedition Cruises
499:Governor of the Falkland Islands
3059:Society of the Falkland Islands
3054:History of the Falkland Islands
1589:. London, 1999. pp. 16–19.
1521:, Log Entry for 6 February 1997
1285:, Buenos Aires: Edipress, 1982.
1104:History of the Falkland Islands
991:Foreign and Commonwealth Office
700:, many of them coming from the
550:contribution to the Falklander
369:on condition of going with Mr.
2735:Falkland Islands Defence Force
1408:Falklands Census 2001: Tables.
1333:. Retrieved 10 September 2009.
683:'Laguna Seco', 'Manada', etc.
1:
2712:Representative Office, London
1252:Captain Robert Fitz-Roy, R.N.
1152:Captain Robert Fitz-Roy, R.N.
995:Falklands Legislative Council
953:Falklands Legislative Council
1709:Immigration to South America
1464:Government of Saint Helena.
908:British overseas territories
439:. – I am sure if any worthy
242:, also, and are principally
1052:nations, as pointed out by
898:, and by either origins or
724:origin, and members of the
177:family, the remainder were
3085:
1348:. D. Green. 1832. p.
133:on the site of the former
3022:
2825:
1862:
983:Falkland Island Committee
802:, and a variety of other
562:-born Islanders in 1869,
62:(especially Scotland and
2876:Falkland Islands English
2790:Falkland Islands Company
2533:Pebble Island Settlement
1887:1833 British Reassertion
1604:11 November 2007 at the
1266:Beagle Diary (1831–1836)
1099:Falkland Islands English
714:Falkland Islands Company
518:South American influence
290:; 3 women from mainland
3028:) Sixth-formers attend
2960:Christ Church Cathedral
1642:7 November 2007 at the
1538:8 November 2007 at the
902:. They are one of the
538:-born Charles Kussler,
321:Gaucho stone corral at
2910:Mount Pleasant Airport
2854:Falklands Conservation
1345:The Political Register
1300:6 October 2007 at the
1085:
1034:
1013:
975:
962:
891:
820:
794:), with a minority of
734:
573:
515:
453:
398:
330:
314:
248:
199:
95:
51:and American sealers;
23:
3030:Peter Symonds College
2810:Falklands Oil and Gas
1882:1770 Falklands crisis
1503:contained the note: "
1494:Falklands Census 2001
1281:Destéfani, Laurio H.
1003:
989:" put forward by the
910:, including also the
889:
872:Antarctic Convergence
818:
726:Free Kirk of Scotland
571:
495:Richard Clement Moody
487:. The 1851 Falklands
467:and women from among
320:
312:
117:US Secretary of State
85:
21:
2972:Scouting and Guiding
2915:Port Stanley Airport
2707:Legislative Assembly
1623:8 April 2008 at the
1499:1 March 2010 at the
1428:The Falkland Islands
1413:1 March 2010 at the
758:California Gold Rush
584:, Falklands English
497:, the first British
262:. These included 12
193:and their Capataz a
2717:Sovereignty dispute
1659:In: L. Ivanov
1468:In: L. Ivanov
1028:sovereignty claim:
1008:OBE. Member of the
22:Falkland Islanders.
3034:Chichester College
2990:Commonwealth Games
2888:Telecommunications
2842:Falkland Islanders
2745:RAF Mount Pleasant
2653:Weddell Settlement
1373:El RĂo de la Plata
1264:Darwin, Charles.
1182:Diplomatic History
1014:
987:leaseback proposal
979:self-determination
892:
821:
811:Post-Falklands War
750:Strait of Magellan
574:
524:Falkland Islanders
403:, who visited the
331:
315:
125:The settlement of
96:
27:Falkland Islanders
24:
3064:Scottish diaspora
3041:
3040:
3018:
3017:
3005:Rifle Association
2965:Roman Catholicism
2767:RRH Byron Heights
2661:
2660:
2473:Johnson's Harbour
2363:Cape Bougainville
1822:
1821:
1794:other territories
1249:FitzRoy, Robert.
1226:on 1 January 1833
1149:FitzRoy, Robert.
928:Channel Islanders
845:military garrison
819:Falklands' youth.
665:Unlike the older
646:scattered around
169:Families, 2 or 3
129:, established by
120:Edward Livingston
3076:
2823:
2690:Government House
2458:Hornby Mountains
1927:
1856:Falkland Islands
1849:
1842:
1835:
1826:
1814:
1802:Falkland Islands
1716:Sovereign states
1703:
1696:
1689:
1680:
1674:
1653:
1647:
1634:
1628:
1615:
1609:
1596:
1590:
1583:
1570:
1549:
1543:
1530:
1524:
1515:
1509:
1492:Table 10 of the
1490:
1484:
1462:
1456:
1455:
1453:
1451:
1437:
1431:
1426:Strange, Ian J.
1424:
1418:
1405:
1394:
1387:
1376:
1369:
1363:
1360:
1354:
1353:
1340:
1334:
1325:(13 March 1999)
1323:
1317:
1314:
1305:
1292:
1286:
1279:
1270:
1261:
1255:
1247:
1241:
1235:
1229:
1215:
1209:
1203:
1197:
1191:
1185:
1178:
1169:
1161:
1155:
1147:
1138:
1124:
857:Ascension Island
716:'s main farm at
588:, and Falklands
41:Falkland Islands
3084:
3083:
3079:
3078:
3077:
3075:
3074:
3073:
3044:
3043:
3042:
3037:
3014:
2976:
2955:Anglican parish
2921:
2893:Internet domain
2883:Law Enforcement
2814:
2776:
2772:RRH Mount Alice
2721:
2675:Chief Executive
2657:
2638:Volunteer Point
2623:Stanley Harbour
2568:Port San Carlos
2328:Bay of Harbours
2309:
1916:
1868:
1858:
1853:
1823:
1818:
1812:
1795:
1793:
1783:
1710:
1707:
1677:
1655:Summers, Mike.
1654:
1650:
1644:Wayback Machine
1635:
1631:
1625:Wayback Machine
1616:
1612:
1606:Wayback Machine
1597:
1593:
1584:
1573:
1550:
1546:
1540:Wayback Machine
1531:
1527:
1516:
1512:
1501:Wayback Machine
1491:
1487:
1463:
1459:
1449:
1447:
1439:
1438:
1434:
1425:
1421:
1415:Wayback Machine
1406:
1397:
1388:
1379:
1370:
1366:
1361:
1357:
1342:
1341:
1337:
1324:
1320:
1315:
1308:
1302:Wayback Machine
1293:
1289:
1280:
1273:
1262:
1258:
1248:
1244:
1236:
1232:
1216:
1212:
1204:
1200:
1192:
1188:
1179:
1172:
1162:
1158:
1148:
1141:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1090:
936:Saint Helenians
884:
813:
689:
597:South Americans
534:'s 'St Jago'),
520:
449:Rincon del Toro
80:
12:
11:
5:
3082:
3080:
3072:
3071:
3066:
3061:
3056:
3046:
3045:
3039:
3038:
3023:
3020:
3019:
3016:
3015:
3013:
3012:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2986:
2984:
2978:
2977:
2975:
2974:
2969:
2968:
2967:
2962:
2957:
2947:
2942:
2937:
2931:
2929:
2923:
2922:
2920:
2919:
2918:
2917:
2912:
2907:
2897:
2896:
2895:
2885:
2880:
2879:
2878:
2868:
2867:
2866:
2856:
2851:
2850:
2849:
2839:
2838:
2837:
2826:
2820:
2816:
2815:
2813:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2792:
2786:
2784:
2778:
2777:
2775:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2762:RRH Mount Kent
2759:
2758:
2757:
2752:
2742:
2737:
2731:
2729:
2723:
2722:
2720:
2719:
2714:
2709:
2704:
2703:
2702:
2692:
2687:
2682:
2677:
2671:
2669:
2663:
2662:
2659:
2658:
2656:
2655:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2635:
2630:
2625:
2620:
2615:
2613:Smylie Channel
2610:
2605:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2585:
2580:
2578:Quaker Harbour
2575:
2570:
2565:
2563:Port Patterson
2560:
2555:
2550:
2548:Port Albemarle
2545:
2540:
2535:
2530:
2525:
2520:
2515:
2510:
2505:
2500:
2495:
2490:
2485:
2480:
2475:
2470:
2465:
2460:
2455:
2450:
2445:
2440:
2435:
2433:Grantham Sound
2430:
2425:
2420:
2415:
2410:
2408:Falkland Sound
2405:
2400:
2395:
2390:
2385:
2380:
2375:
2370:
2365:
2360:
2355:
2350:
2345:
2340:
2335:
2333:Bertha's Beach
2330:
2325:
2319:
2317:
2311:
2310:
2308:
2307:
2302:
2297:
2290:
2285:
2280:
2275:
2270:
2265:
2260:
2255:
2250:
2245:
2240:
2235:
2230:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2155:
2150:
2145:
2140:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2115:
2110:
2105:
2100:
2095:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2078:Eddystone Rock
2075:
2070:
2068:Eddystone Rock
2065:
2060:
2059:
2058:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1935:
1933:
1924:
1918:
1917:
1915:
1914:
1909:
1904:
1902:Puerto Soledad
1899:
1894:
1889:
1884:
1878:
1876:
1870:
1869:
1863:
1860:
1859:
1854:
1852:
1851:
1844:
1837:
1829:
1820:
1819:
1817:
1816:
1809:
1804:
1798:
1796:
1788:
1785:
1784:
1782:
1781:
1776:
1771:
1766:
1761:
1756:
1751:
1746:
1741:
1736:
1731:
1726:
1720:
1718:
1712:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1705:
1698:
1691:
1683:
1676:
1675:
1648:
1629:
1610:
1591:
1571:
1544:
1525:
1510:
1485:
1457:
1432:
1419:
1395:
1389:Spruce, Joan.
1377:
1364:
1355:
1335:
1318:
1306:
1287:
1271:
1256:
1242:
1230:
1210:
1198:
1186:
1170:
1156:
1139:
1126:Chater, Tony.
1118:
1116:
1113:
1112:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1096:
1094:British people
1089:
1086:
1050:South American
924:Northern Irish
900:naturalization
883:
880:
812:
809:
742:Atlantic Ocean
688:
685:
578:South American
556:Argentine Navy
548:South American
519:
516:
401:Charles Darwin
191:Buenos Ayreans
150:Robert FitzRoy
139:Puerto Soledad
137:settlement of
107:them were the
79:
78:Early settlers
76:
53:South American
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3081:
3070:
3067:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3051:
3049:
3035:
3031:
3027:
3021:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3001:
3000:Football team
2998:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2987:
2985:
2983:
2979:
2973:
2970:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2958:
2956:
2953:
2952:
2951:
2948:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2932:
2930:
2928:
2924:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2902:
2901:
2898:
2894:
2891:
2890:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2877:
2874:
2873:
2872:
2869:
2865:
2862:
2861:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2848:
2845:
2844:
2843:
2840:
2836:
2833:
2832:
2831:
2828:
2827:
2824:
2821:
2817:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2787:
2785:
2783:
2779:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2765:
2763:
2760:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2747:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2732:
2730:
2728:
2724:
2718:
2715:
2713:
2710:
2708:
2705:
2701:
2698:
2697:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2672:
2670:
2668:
2664:
2654:
2651:
2649:
2648:Weddell Point
2646:
2644:
2641:
2639:
2636:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2588:Rincon Grande
2586:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2574:
2573:Port Stephens
2571:
2569:
2566:
2564:
2561:
2559:
2556:
2554:
2551:
2549:
2546:
2544:
2543:Pleasant Peak
2541:
2539:
2536:
2534:
2531:
2529:
2526:
2524:
2521:
2519:
2518:New Year Cove
2516:
2514:
2511:
2509:
2508:Mount Weddell
2506:
2504:
2503:Mount Usborne
2501:
2499:
2496:
2494:
2491:
2489:
2486:
2484:
2481:
2479:
2476:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2466:
2464:
2461:
2459:
2456:
2454:
2451:
2449:
2446:
2444:
2441:
2439:
2436:
2434:
2431:
2429:
2426:
2424:
2421:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2406:
2404:
2403:Eagle Passage
2401:
2399:
2396:
2394:
2391:
2389:
2386:
2384:
2381:
2379:
2376:
2374:
2371:
2369:
2368:Cape Pembroke
2366:
2364:
2361:
2359:
2356:
2354:
2353:Byron Heights
2351:
2349:
2346:
2344:
2341:
2339:
2336:
2334:
2331:
2329:
2326:
2324:
2321:
2320:
2318:
2316:
2312:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2295:
2294:West Falkland
2291:
2289:
2286:
2284:
2281:
2279:
2276:
2274:
2271:
2269:
2266:
2264:
2261:
2259:
2256:
2254:
2251:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2091:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2073:Elephant Cays
2071:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2057:
2054:
2053:
2052:
2051:
2050:East Falkland
2047:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2009:Burdwood Bank
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1936:
1934:
1932:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1919:
1913:
1912:Falklands War
1910:
1908:
1907:1982 invasion
1905:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1880:
1879:
1877:
1875:
1871:
1867:
1861:
1857:
1850:
1845:
1843:
1838:
1836:
1831:
1830:
1827:
1815:
1810:
1808:
1807:French Guiana
1805:
1803:
1800:
1799:
1797:
1791:
1786:
1780:
1777:
1775:
1772:
1770:
1767:
1765:
1762:
1760:
1757:
1755:
1752:
1750:
1747:
1745:
1742:
1740:
1737:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1725:
1722:
1721:
1719:
1717:
1713:
1704:
1699:
1697:
1692:
1690:
1685:
1684:
1681:
1673:
1672:954-91503-1-3
1669:
1665:
1662:
1658:
1652:
1649:
1645:
1641:
1638:
1633:
1630:
1626:
1622:
1619:
1614:
1611:
1607:
1603:
1600:
1595:
1592:
1588:
1582:
1580:
1578:
1576:
1572:
1569:
1568:954-91503-1-3
1565:
1561:
1559:
1554:
1548:
1545:
1541:
1537:
1534:
1529:
1526:
1522:
1520:
1514:
1511:
1507:
1502:
1498:
1495:
1489:
1486:
1482:
1481:954-91503-1-3
1478:
1474:
1471:
1467:
1461:
1458:
1446:
1442:
1436:
1433:
1429:
1423:
1420:
1416:
1412:
1409:
1404:
1402:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1386:
1384:
1382:
1378:
1374:
1368:
1365:
1359:
1356:
1351:
1347:
1346:
1339:
1336:
1332:
1331:The Telegraph
1328:
1322:
1319:
1313:
1311:
1307:
1303:
1299:
1296:
1291:
1288:
1284:
1278:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1267:
1260:
1257:
1253:
1246:
1243:
1239:
1234:
1231:
1227:
1225:
1221:
1214:
1211:
1207:
1202:
1199:
1195:
1190:
1187:
1183:
1177:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1166:
1160:
1157:
1153:
1146:
1144:
1140:
1137:
1136:0-9504113-1-0
1133:
1129:
1128:The Falklands
1123:
1120:
1114:
1110:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1092:
1091:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1060:
1058:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1042:
1039:
1038:Falklands War
1033:
1029:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1011:
1007:
1002:
998:
996:
992:
988:
984:
980:
974:
969:
967:
961:
956:
954:
950:
945:
941:
937:
933:
932:Gibraltarians
929:
925:
921:
917:
913:
909:
905:
901:
897:
888:
881:
879:
877:
873:
868:
866:
862:
858:
854:
850:
846:
842:
838:
834:
830:
826:
825:Falklands War
817:
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274:(foreman); a
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29:(also called
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3025:
2995:Cricket team
2935:Coat of arms
2859:Human rights
2846:
2740:Mare Harbour
2680:Constitution
2643:Walker Creek
2453:Hope Harbour
2398:Dunnose Head
2343:Brenton Loch
2292:
2048:
1866:Port Stanley
1790:Dependencies
1663:
1660:
1651:
1632:
1613:
1594:
1586:
1557:
1552:
1551:L.L. Ivanov
1547:
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1448:. Retrieved
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1057:Mike Summers
1043:
1035:
1031:
1015:
1006:Mike Summers
976:
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893:
869:
853:Saint Helena
822:
780:Scandinavian
766:
762:Panama Canal
735:
730:Presbyterian
711:
690:
680:delimitation
664:
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632:Gibraltarian
594:
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552:ethnogenesis
521:
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236:Buenos Ayres
228:
222:Silas Duncan
220:, Commander
216:
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156:
144:
124:
97:
68:Saint Helena
36:
30:
25:
15:
3010:Rugby union
2755:1435 Flight
2750:1312 Flight
2553:Port Howard
2498:Mount Maria
2493:Mount Alice
2468:Hoste Inlet
2438:Green Patch
2428:Goose Green
2383:Circum Peak
2168:North Point
1897:Port Egmont
1519:S/V Pelagic
1445:www.cia.gov
896:citizenship
833:agriculture
829:monoculture
469:Luis Vernet
375:whale-ships
323:Sapper Hill
240:Monte Video
205:arrival at
100:archipelago
45:Luis Vernet
37:Falklanders
3048:Categories
3036:in England
2633:Teal Inlet
2603:San Carlos
2558:Port Louis
2488:Mount Adam
2348:Bull Point
2338:Bluff Cove
2300:West Point
2243:Seal Rocks
2188:Phillimore
2163:North East
1892:Hope Place
1329:. London.
1115:References
1054:Councillor
966:devolution
944:Caymanians
940:Bermudians
849:Antarctica
784:Norwegians
652:Port Louis
586:vernacular
461:Port Louis
425:S. America
394:man-of-war
390:Englishmen
284:Montevideo
270:and their
260:Port Louis
207:Port Louis
183:Portuguese
171:Englishmen
148:, Captain
127:Port Louis
86:Falklands
2900:Transport
2871:Languages
2830:Education
2523:North Arm
2513:New Haven
2448:Hill Cove
2315:Locations
2253:Speedwell
2223:Sandy Bay
1969:Beauchene
1922:Geography
1864:Capital:
1779:Venezuela
1724:Argentina
1065:Argentina
1026:Argentine
973:occurred.
865:Argentina
837:fisheries
769:Antarctic
764:in 1914.
754:Cape Horn
626:origins (
616:fisheries
601:Uruguayan
582:genealogy
560:Argentine
511:Shetlands
457:Falklands
405:Falklands
347:the Plata
276:Frenchman
268:Argentina
252:Argentine
231:Lexington
217:Lexington
195:Frenchman
179:Spaniards
143:HMS
2950:Religion
2727:Military
2695:Governor
2667:Politics
2608:Seal Bay
2598:Salvador
2593:Roy Cove
2373:Chartres
2323:Ajax Bay
2238:Sea Lion
2228:Saunders
2193:Pleasant
1769:Suriname
1759:Paraguay
1744:Colombia
1640:Archived
1621:Archived
1602:Archived
1536:Archived
1497:Archived
1411:Archived
1298:Archived
1088:See also
1083:descent.
1046:Americas
804:European
748:via the
744:and the
722:Scottish
720:were of
706:Shetland
628:Scottish
624:European
590:toponymy
509:and the
441:alderman
435:does to
431:, which
300:Scottish
2927:Culture
2847:Origins
2819:Society
2782:Economy
2618:Stanley
2528:Orqueta
2478:Lafonia
2418:Fox Bay
2413:Fitzroy
2393:Douglas
2378:Chatham
2288:Weddell
2233:Sea Dog
2208:Ruggles
2173:Passage
2123:Hummock
2093:Golding
2056:Lafonia
2019:Carcass
1984:Bleaker
1949:Barclay
1931:Islands
1874:History
1774:Uruguay
1749:Ecuador
1729:Bolivia
1220:SarandĂ
1081:African
1069:Uruguay
1022:Uruguay
951:of the
949:Speaker
912:English
904:nations
841:tourism
800:Germans
796:Britons
772:whaling
746:Pacific
738:Stanley
675:Spanish
667:English
656:Stanley
644:corrals
642:-built
604:gauchos
544:Stanley
507:Orkneys
477:gauchos
473:Stanley
465:gauchos
433:venison
382:sealers
379:English
363:Indians
355:ponchos
343:gauchos
335:Fitzroy
288:Uruguay
280:Indians
272:Capataz
264:gauchos
244:Germans
203:British
187:Gauchos
163:Indians
159:Gauchos
135:Spanish
113:sealers
109:English
104:Spanish
102:by the
90:having
88:gauchos
60:Britain
56:gauchos
49:English
32:Kelpers
2538:Pillar
2423:French
2388:Darwin
2305:Whisky
2283:Tyssen
2278:Tussac
2263:Staats
2218:Samuel
2203:Rabbit
2198:Quaker
2178:Pebble
2148:Lively
2143:Kidney
2138:Keppel
2088:George
2034:Dunbar
2029:Coffin
2024:Cochon
2004:Broken
1999:Brandy
1964:Becher
1959:Beaver
1954:Barren
1754:Guyana
1734:Brazil
1670:
1661:et al.
1566:
1479:
1470:et al.
1450:29 May
1134:
1073:Brazil
788:Swedes
718:Darwin
702:Orkney
698:Darwin
671:French
608:cattle
546:. The
536:German
532:Darwin
489:Census
445:London
437:mutton
386:French
371:Vernet
367:prison
359:Indian
304:German
256:Vernet
175:German
161:and 5
145:Beagle
131:Vernet
47:, and
2982:Sport
2945:Motto
2463:Horse
2258:Split
2128:Jason
2103:Green
2098:Great
2014:Burnt
1739:Chile
1553:et al
1506:birth
1224:Rapid
1077:Chile
1018:Chile
1004:Hon.
920:Welsh
916:Scots
861:Chile
792:Danes
636:stone
612:sheep
479:from
417:balls
296:Irish
282:from
266:from
167:Dutch
72:Chile
64:Wales
2940:Flag
2864:LGBT
2700:list
2628:Swan
2583:Race
2483:Loop
2443:Gull
2358:Camp
2268:Swan
2248:Shag
2183:Penn
2153:Long
2133:Kelp
2113:High
2108:Halt
2063:East
2039:Dyke
1989:Bobs
1979:Bird
1974:Beef
1944:Bald
1939:Arch
1764:Peru
1668:ISBN
1564:ISBN
1477:ISBN
1452:2017
1132:ISBN
1075:and
1036:The
1020:and
855:and
839:and
790:and
704:and
673:and
654:and
648:Camp
640:turf
610:and
429:beef
421:lazo
351:beef
341:The
278:; 5
238:and
215:USS
181:and
173:, a
165:, 2
92:mate
70:and
2273:Tea
2213:Rum
2158:New
2118:Hog
2083:Fox
2044:Ear
1994:Box
1792:and
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752:or
638:or
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