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Geographer, and was praised by many, even in foreign countries, I wanted finally to communicate the same description of the whole globe to all students of
Mathematics: which, after variations in fortune and crises in the studies we pursued, which up to now have been a hindrance to us, we have finally done at our own risk. And so, augmented and corrected by many observations of modern hydrographers, the same heart-shaped geographical image we present to yourself, devoted reader and to all men of goodwill of a wise and liberal mind. It remains, therefore, that you will not refuse to accept this labour and industry of ours which has a human appearance, and consult it fairly and well. Finally, while we strive ever more earnestly for the favour and generosity of our Most Christian and magnificent King, whose happiness and success you eagerly desire, we have shared this with you. Farewell, from Paris.
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non vulgari
Geographo, valde placere ab omnibus quoque (etiam exteris) laudari plurimum: desiderabam eandem orbis descriptionem, universis Mathematicarum studiosis aliquando communicare. Quod post varia fortunae, ac studii nostri (quae hactenus nobis impedimento fuere) discrimina, tandem nostro effecimus periculo. Itaque plurimis recentiorum hydrographorum observationibus auctam, et emendatam ipsius geographici cordis imaginem, tibi studiose lector, cunctisque bonae voluntatis hominibus, cordato ac liberali praesentamus animo. Reliquum est igitur ut hunc laborem nostrum et industriam, humano vultu non graveris accipere, et aequi bonique consulas. Ipsi demum Christianissimo, ac magnifico Regi nostro, prosperam exoptes foelicitatem, cuius favore atque munificentia, haec (interea dum molimur graviora) tibi communicavimus. Vale, Luteciae Parisiorum
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the chart being selected at the same time, place one foot of the compasses over the other places, and extend the other over the rest. Then the compasses trace an invariant straight line, which divides the figure equally, and the degrees are distributed between them; and you will observe how many degrees the compasses take in. If you multiply these by 62 miles, or 31 French leagues, or 20 common ones, by a tenth or more, that way, you will obtain the distances of any of these places.
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eiusdemque locis in Charta coassumptisum ponito unum circini pedem super altero locorum, asium vero extendito in reliquum. Dein traducito circinum invariatum in ea rectam, quae figura bifariam dividit, & in suos gradus distributa est: & animadvertito, quot gradus capiat ipse circinus. Hos enim si per 62 miliaria, aut gallicas leucas 31, seu 20 communes, qui decim ve maiores multiplicaveris: via totiam eorundem locorum distantia obtinebis
334:
44:
529:, the name Orontius Fineus is inscribed in one corner, which is thought to be a Latinized form of Oronce Finé. The artist of Fool's Cap is unknown, but because it was published between 1580 and 1590, long after Finé's death, the inscription is not thought to represent him as the artist but rather the subject of the work's ridicule.
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DECIMVSQVINTVS CIRCITER agitur annus, candide Lector, quo universam Orbis terrarum designationem, in hanc humani cordis effigiem primum redegimus: Idque in gratiam
Christianissimi ac potentissimi FRANCISCI Francorum Regis, MĆcenatis nostri clementissimi. Quam dum videremus ipsi Regi, Polyhistori, ac
495:
From the description of the world in this map, for any two locations of which the longitudes and latitudes are given (but not exceeding ninety degrees), close to the true direct distance between them can be calculated. Having thus reckoned the longitudes and latitudes of the places, their places in
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Although he leaves a great legacy in regard to his published papers of mathematics, he suffered financial problems and legal issues throughout his career. He worked as an illustrator and proof reader for Paris's print houses in hopes relieving the financial strain brought on by his six children and
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Fine grew up in an academic household, and his parents' contribution to the sciences was notable in France at the time. Much of Fine's early childhood was shaped by his father's involvement and support of sciences. Fine's father in addition to being a physician was a strong student in astronomy. He
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Oronce Fine of the
Dauphiny to the Reader: We offer to you, Dear Reader, a representation of the entire world according to the views of modern Geographers and Hydrographers, preserving the proportion of the centre to both the Equator and the latitudes, laid out on a plane in the form of a double
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Fine made contribution to mathematics. He was the first mathematics teacher to be a royal lecturer, and popularized mathematical teaching all over France. He was tasked with making math more transparent and to reform the curriculum that was being taught in France at the time. Fine was faced with
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ANNOTATIO: Ex hac plana terrarum orbis descriptione, duorum quorumcumque locorum, datarum longitudinum atque latitudinum, directum itineris intervallum (modo illud nonaginta non superet gradus) prope verum supputate licebit. Numeratis itaque eorundem locorum longitundinibus atque latitudinibus,
486:
ABOUT FIFTEEN years since, Dear Reader, we first designed, in the shape of a human heart, this universal map of the world, in gratitude to the Most
Christian and Most Mighty Francis, King of the French, our most clement Maecenas. For while we saw it pleased the King, a Polymath, and uncommon
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also incorporated both practical and theoretical teachings, which were completely new to France, and changed the way that mathematics was taught and viewed. His study and teachings of mathematics allowed him to also be prolific in a wide range of mathematical fields, including practical
201:. Fine was known by his peers to be much more than just a mathematician, though. He taught at the French College Royal as the first Royal Lecturer in mathematics, he made instruments, and oversaw Paris's printing houses. He was also influential to the lives of students, particularly
571:
For the debate over the French spelling of Fine's name see
Alexander Marr, 'Introduction', in 'The Worlds of Oronce Fine: Mathematics, Instruments and Print in Renaissance France' (Shaun Tyas, 2009), pp. 1â12. Fine's name is often found spelt with an acute accent, but the
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human heart; of which the left comprises the northern part and the right the
Southern part of the World. Therefore, receive this small gift kindly; and thank Christian Wechel, by whose good will and at whose expense I have shared it with you. Farewell, July, 1531.
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In time, as the first chair of mathematics he had become one of the leading mathematicians of France. Arguably, one of his most significant contributions to sciences is his published compilation of the four main areas of mathematics that he named
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Catherine
Eagleton, 'Oronce Fine's Sundials: The Sources and Influences of De solaribus horologiis', in Alexander Marr (ed.), 'The Worlds of Oronce Fine: Mathematics, Instruments and Print in Renaissance France' (Shaun Tyas, 2009), pp.
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his father's death. Unfortunately, his efforts were not enough which added to his family's poverty drastically after he died. Making the matters worse for his children, his wife died shortly after Fine's death.
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Jean-Jacques
Brioist, 'Oronce Fine and Cartographical Methods', in Alexander Marr (ed.), 'The Worlds of Oronce Fine: Mathematics, Instruments and Print in Renaissance France' (Shaun Tyas, 2009), pp. 137â155.
182:. There he fostered his editing ability and later printed many editions of writings from scholars. It is believed that his career ended abruptly when he was imprisoned, for reasons that are highly disputed.
697:
Isabelle Pantin, 'Oronce Fine's Role as Royal
Lecturer', in Alexander Marr (ed.), 'The Worlds of Oronce Fine: Mathematics, Instruments and Print in Renaissance France' (Shaun Tyas, 2009), pp. 13â30.
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from two fixed points with enough distance between them to make the phenomena appear at different times of the night). He also described more recent innovations, such as an instrument he called a
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is said to have painted a portrait of Fine in 1530, when Fine was 36. With the original painting lost, the rendering is now known only through prints derived from the original image.
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Christian Wechel was a printer in Paris, who published the map. Peter H. Meurer, "Hermannus Venraed: Een vage figuur uit de geschiedenis van de vroege Nederlandse kartografie",
1151:
807:
Alexander Marr, 'Introduction', in Alexander Marr (ed.), 'The Worlds of Oronce Fine: Mathematics, Instruments and Print in Renaissance France' (Shaun Tyas, 2009), pp. 1â12
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in Content and Context', in Alexander Marr (ed.), 'The Worlds of Oronce Fine: Mathematics, Instruments and Print in Renaissance France' (Shaun Tyas, 2009), pp. 114â136.
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The same map bore another inscription in the lower right corner, which explained how to use the map to accurately measure the distances between places shown on it:
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illustrations. His writing on astronomy included guides to the use of astronomical equipment and methods (e.g. the ancient practice of determining
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Explanatory work was complemented by direct contributions. His woodcut map of France (1525) is one of the first of its kind. He constructed an
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576:(ed. Roman D'Amat, Paris, 1975, p.1370) gives a very definite direction that his name should be spelt without an accent, "Fine, et non Finé".
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In May 2016, a square named after Oronce Fine was inaugurated in Paris, France, opposite the Ăcole Normale SupĂ©rieure, behind the Pantheon.
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471:, was not identified until 1925 by Frederik (F.C.) Wieder, Gallois was forced to argue that Fine, who said he had been working on his
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Magalhães-Strasse und Austral-Continent. Auf den Globen Johannes Schöner. Beitrage zur Geschichte der Erdkunde im xvi. Jahrhundert
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to the south, including the legend "recently discovered but not yet completely explored", by which he meant the discovery of
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595:"Book Review: Oronce Fine Considered: The Worlds of Oronce Fine: Mathematics, Instruments, and Print in Renaissance France"
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479:. Wieder's identification of Schöner's map gores of 1523 strengthens Gallois' case for Fine's reliance upon Schöner.
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having to incorporate practical branches of math that could be used in other areas like medicine, law, and theology.
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928:, The Hague, Martinus Nijhoff, 1925, Vol. I, pp. 1â4, "The Globe of Johannes Schöner, 1523â1524", and Plates 1â3.
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749:"Oronce Fine and Sacrobosco: From the Edition of the Tractatus de sphaera (1516) to the Cosmographia (1532)"
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had created many astronomical instruments and published a treatise which was one of the few astronomical
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since 1521, had had direct or indirect personal communication with Schöner or had drawn upon his 1515
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To display his new teachings and developments, he released a collection of his work through his
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This collection included his teaching on practical math, not only traditional mathematics. The
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and Schöner's globe of 1533. As Schöner's globe of 1523, which also closely resembled Fine's
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Fine's 1536 world map bore a dedicatory inscription in the lower left corner, which stated:
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The worlds of Oronce Fine : mathematics, instruments, and print in Renaissance France
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covers both North America and Asia, which were represented as one landmass. He used the
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In 1531, he was appointed to the chair of mathematics at the CollĂšge Royal (the present
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1063:"The Worlds of Oronce Fine: Mathematics, Instruments and Print in Renaissance France"
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276:. He gave it as (22+2/9)/7 â 3.1746 in 1544. Later, he gave 47/15 â 3.1333 and, in
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as well as many others, and inspired them to continue their scholastic endeavors.
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Robert J. King, "Terra Australis Not Yet Known", National Library of Australia,
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THE MYSTERIES OF THE PIRI REIS MAP: THE CART OF ORONTIUS FINAEUS (Oronce Fine)
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Fine's cosmography was derived from the German mathematician and cosmographer
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Fine's university was known as a leading center at Paris for the study of
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900:, Innsbruck, 1881 (reprinted Amsterdam, Meridian, 1967), pp. 67, 79â80.
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1008:"47 - Maps and Descriptions of the World in Sixteenth-Century France"
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of 1531 was frequently employed by other cartographers, including
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139:; 20 December 1494 â 8 August 1555) was a French mathematician,
913:, Paris, Leroux, 1890 (repr. Amsterdam, Meridian, 1963), p. 92.
753:
De sphaera of Johannes de Sacrobosco in the Early Modern Period
451:, and above all the whole arrangement of lands; in a word, the
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Monique Pelletier, "The Cordiform World Maps by Oronce Fine,"
887:, London, 1892 (reprinted Amsterdam, N. Israel, 1961), p. 583.
755:, Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 185â264,
443:)"; he said "Orontius Finaeus took from Schöner not only the
1017:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. pp. 1464â1467.
370:) regarding the Orient. Thus, on one of his two world maps,
966:"The Enduring Mystery of the 'Fool's Cap Map of the World'"
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155:, the son and grandson of physicians, he was educated in
865:, Canberra, National Library of Australia, 2013, p. 82.
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are named after Oronce Fine, using his Latinized name.
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with old medieval legends and information (derived from
433:, Franz von Wieser found that the derivation of Fine's
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Fine proposed several approximations to the value of
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Rare Maps from the State Library of New South Wales
353:. The map bore a dedicatory inscription that said:
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34:
1015:The History of Cartography, Volume Three, Part Two
990:Bulletin de la Société d'études des Hautes-Alpes,
1006:Lestringant, Frank; Pelletier, Monique (2007).
863:Mapping our World: Terra Incognita to Australia
816:Adam Mosley, 'Early Modern Cosmography: Fine's
362:Fine attempted to reconcile discoveries in the
288:In 1542 Fine published the astronomy textbook
304:through the coordinated observation of lunar
163:) and obtained a degree in medicine in 1522.
8:
708:"Welcome apprendre-math.info - BlueHost.com"
683:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
911:Les GĂ©ographes allemands de la Renaissance
31:
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455:of Oronce Fine is a copy of Schöner's".
404:appear on the shores of the present-day
1152:Academic staff of the CollĂšge de France
852:, 33ste Jaargang, no.3, 2014, pp.93-101
665:. University Microfilms International.
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447:, but the whole Austral Continent, the
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382:"America" for South America, and thus
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1162:16th-century French mathematicians
964:Young, Lauren (13 February 2017).
280:(1556), he gave 3+11/78 â 3.1410.
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1167:16th-century French cartographers
1061:Gauvin, J.-F. (1 December 2012).
662:Studies on Oronce Fine, 1494-1555
593:Raphael, Renée J. (August 2011).
341:Fine's heart-shaped (cordiform)
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1157:16th-century French astronomers
143:, editor and book illustrator.
885:The Discovery of North America
659:Peter., Ross, Richard (1993).
516:Fine died in Paris at age 60.
439:from them was "unmistakeable (
372:Nova Universi Orbis Descriptio
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1032:Marr, Alexander, ed. (2009).
408:. On the same map, Fine drew
337:Heart-shaped map of the world
330:in 1524, which still exists.
1013:. In Woodward, David (ed.).
761:10.1007/978-3-030-30833-9_8
527:Fool's Cap Map of the World
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1147:University of Paris alumni
611:10.1177/002182861104200309
459:also noted the undeniable
374:(1531), the legend marked
1038:. Donington: Shaun Tyas.
770:21.11116/0000-0005-8B48-E
747:Axworthy, Angela (2020),
477:Luculentissima descriptio
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525:In the famous engraving
1107:Cartographica Helvetica
926:Monumenta Cartographica
294:On the Heavenly Spheres
284:Astronomy and geography
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278:De rebus mathematicis
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1101:Mathematicians: Fine
924:F. C. Wieder (ed.),
463:between Finé's 1531
712:apprendre-math.info
896:Franz von Wieser,
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449:Strait of Magellan
429:. In his study of
420:Ferdinand Magellan
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296:), which included
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171:of French origin.
161:CollĂšge de Navarre
1109:12 (1995) 27â37:
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1024:978-0-226-31633-8
780:978-3-030-30832-2
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868:. Image at
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520:Jean Clouet
347:Peter Apian
217:Mathematics
203:Pedro Nunes
113:Oronce Fine
100:Cartography
81:Nationality
48:Oronce Fine
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1126:Categories
872:] and at:
794:7 December
559:References
550:Antarctica
473:mappemonde
469:mappemonde
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506:Annotatio
364:New World
314:astrolabe
302:longitude
263:astronomy
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975:18 April
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306:eclipses
247:geometry
180:theology
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