207:
2800:
680:. She had been born with brain damage, and after brain surgery to alleviate it at the age of 20 had experienced personality problems that led to emotional difficulties and a premature marriage. She was found dead in a river shortly after the marriage; she had been stabbed. When her parents went to identify her, her mother—already ill—had a heart attack and died. Grayling said he dealt with his grief by becoming a workaholic.
2857:
48:
817:
For
Grayling, work on technical problems is only one aspect of philosophy. Another aspect, one which has been at the centre of philosophy's place in history, has more immediate application to daily life: the questions of ethics, which revolve upon what Grayling calls the great Socratic question, 'How
873:). He argues that winning the metaphysical and ethical debates is already abating the problems associated with (c) in more advanced Western societies, even the US. He sees his own major contribution as being the promotion of understanding of humanist ethics deriving from the philosophical tradition.
864:
On this last point, Grayling's view is that for historical reasons religions have an inflated place in the public domain out of all proportion to the numbers of their adherents or their intrinsic merits, so that their voice and influence is amplified disproportionately: with the result that they can
842:
and on the history and nature of concepts of liberty as applied in civic life. In support of his belief that the philosopher should engage in public debate, he brings these philosophical perspectives to issues of the day in his work as a writer and as a commentator on radio and television.
775:, which relate to what exists, has to be kept separate from the two connected questions of the relation of thought to its objects in the variety of domains over which thought ranges, and the mastery of discourses about those domains, where a justificationist approach is required.
2819:
853:(b) a debate about the basis of ethics; taking the world to be a natural realm of natural law requires that humanity thinks for itself about the right and the good, based on our best understanding of human nature and the human condition; this makes him a humanist;
1038:
Grayling lives in central London. He has two children from his first marriage, Anthony Joslin
Clifford Grayling and Georgina Eveline Ursula Grayling, and one daughter, Madeline Catherine Jennifer Grayling, from his second marriage to novelist
2820:
2828:
2809:
856:(c) a debate about the place of religious movements and organisations in the public domain; as a secularist Grayling argues that these should see themselves as civil society organisations on a par with trade unions and other
818:
should one live?'. In pursuit of what he describes as 'contributing to the conversation society has with itself about possibilities for good lives in good societies', Grayling writes widely on contemporary issues, including
538:
987:, released in October 2009. The book explores the cultures of peoples around the world, portraying both their diversity and the threats they face. Other contributors included not only western writers, such as
739:
in philosophy, and in 2005 professor. In addition to his work on
Berkeley, philosophical logic, the theory of knowledge, and the history of ideas, the latter including (as chief editor) the four-volume
790:, USA, purchased the New College of the Humanities. He is a Supernumerary Fellow of St Anne's College, Oxford. He was a judge on the Man Booker prize 2003 and Chairman of the Judges for the 2014
1015:
687:, but said that although he applauded their intention to educate generalists, he wished to be a scholar, so in addition to his BA from Sussex, he also completed one in philosophy as a
3076:
927:
and an
Honorary Patron of the Philosophy Foundation, a charity whose aim is to bring philosophy to the wider community, and particularly to disadvantaged schools. In 2003 he was a
3026:
3086:
947:
3091:
3051:
3011:
2996:
656:), from which he ran away after being regularly caned. His first exposure to philosophical writing was at the age of twelve, when he found an English translation of the
3081:
882:
called "The Last Word", on a different topic every week. In these columns, which also formed the basis of a series of books for a general readership, commencing with
2955:
688:
846:
Among his contributions to the discussion about religion in contemporary society he argues that there are three separable, though naturally connected debates:
673:(1846), which confirmed his ambition to study philosophy; he said it "superinduced order on the random reading that had preceded it, and settled my vocation".
2821:
965:
802:
377:
29:
3046:
3041:
3036:
3136:
3131:
3016:
3001:
2035:
2733:
2750:
1097:
385:
37:
1144:
2714:
3101:
3061:
206:
3111:
3071:
3021:
1673:
1647:
1619:
1604:
1591:
1572:
1538:
1525:
1512:
977:
53:
850:(a) a metaphysical debate about what the universe contains; denying that it contains supernatural agencies of any kind makes him an atheist;
2675:
445:(now Northeastern University London), an independent undergraduate college in London. Until June 2011, he was Professor of Philosophy at
1845:
908:
381:
33:
2861:
2247:
801:
In 2013 he was awarded the
Forkosch Literary Prize, and in 2015 he received the Bertrand Russell Society Award. Grayling was appointed
2326:
2015:
1699:
1686:
1632:
1087:
860:, with every right to exist and to have their say, but no greater right than any other self-constituted, self-selected interest group.
353:
2568:
3031:
2301:
2282:
2263:
1764:
1751:
1738:
1725:
1712:
1660:
1477:
1459:
1446:
1433:
1420:
1407:
1394:
1372:
1350:
1335:
1321:
1308:
1293:
1279:
1266:
1252:
1232:
1218:
1205:
1192:
1179:
2143:
592:, and he has defended human rights and politically liberal values in print and by activism. He is associated in Britain with other
2108:
2542:
2313:
2433:
3056:
3006:
2991:
1492:
732:
446:
676:
Grayling had an elder sister
Jennifer and brother John. When he was 19 years old, his elder sister Jennifer was murdered in
2970:
2414:
3146:
3141:
3106:
3066:
779:
442:
260:
66:
2895:
2512:
2408:
2052:
Burke's
Peerage, Baronetage and Knightage, 107th edition, vol. 2, ed. Charles Mosley, Burke's Peerage Ltd, 2003, p. 1906
1963:
1150:
728:
454:
2353:
3116:
2642:
2485:
1053:
534:
3126:
2396:
3121:
2658:
1465:
795:
1030:. Grayling has tweeted that Brexit must be made to disappear like a "nasty, temporary, hiccup, soon forgotten".
1131:
916:
692:
641:
573:
189:
2573:
1808:
1140:
783:
724:
243:
1951:
888:
in 2001, Grayling made the basics of philosophy available to the layperson. He is a regular contributor to
3096:
2960:
2372:
1153:. In June 2011, it was announced that he had decided not to take up the position of President of the BHA.
1008:
1000:
996:
736:
2912:
1484:
Among the Dead Cities: The
History and Moral Legacy of the WWII Bombing of Civilians in Germany and Japan
953:
Among the Dead Cities: The
History and Moral Legacy of the WWII Bombing of Civilians in Germany and Japan
1483:
1341:
1117:
1059:
973:
952:
884:
870:
806:
787:
498:
2189:
939:
on whether God can exist in an evil world. Grayling is also a Patron of the right to die organisation,
2986:
2621:
1610:
1110:
1065:
988:
940:
684:
658:
530:
504:
183:
170:
767:
with the questions about assertability and the problem of meaning in the philosophy of language and
2917:
2833:
1077:
893:
823:
585:
564:
556:
268:
865:
distort such matters as public policy (e.g. on abortion) and science research and education (e.g.
2928:
2454:
936:
924:
667:
253:
2449:
596:. He frequently appears in British media discussing philosophy and public affairs. In his book,
2943:
2964:
2785:
2297:
2278:
2259:
2151:
2011:
1816:
1760:
1747:
1734:
1721:
1708:
1695:
1682:
1669:
1656:
1643:
1628:
1615:
1600:
1587:
1568:
1534:
1521:
1508:
1488:
1473:
1455:
1442:
1429:
1416:
1403:
1390:
1368:
1346:
1331:
1317:
1304:
1289:
1275:
1262:
1248:
1228:
1214:
1201:
1188:
1175:
1157:
649:
625:
548:
430:
128:
2924:
1853:
968:. In August 2014, Grayling was one of 200 public figures who were signatories to a letter to
2882:
2481:
1638:
1103:
932:
791:
510:
469:
392:
328:
296:
174:
2062:
1022:, Grayling argues that voting systems must be reformed to prevent certain results, such as
600:, Grayling argues that voting systems must be reformed to prevent certain results, such as
2676:"Celebrities' open letter to Scotland – full text and list of signatories | Politics"
2437:
2418:
2357:
1777:
1653:
Among the Dead Cities: Was the Allied
Bombing of Civilians in WWII a Necessity or a Crime?
1240:
1083:
1014:
In recent years Grayling has been campaigning against the UK Government's response to the
839:
332:
2468:
1925:
1890:
2906:
2638:
2569:"Unbelievable? 5 Jul 2011 – William Lane Craig vs AC Grayling debate on God & Evil"
2546:
1909:"BBC World Service - Discovery, Exchanges At The Frontier, Episode 2 - Lawrence Krauss"
1578:
Liberty in the Age of Terror : A Defence of Civil Society and Enlightenment Values
920:
696:
645:
526:
304:
178:
154:
1939:
450:
2980:
2948:
1040:
1007:. The royalties from the sale of this book go to the indigenous rights organisation,
957:
900:
778:
Grayling resigned from Birkbeck in June 2011 to found and become the first master of
1941:
Formerly United Kingdom Armed Forces Humanist Association – defencehumanists.org.uk.
588:
and he has published works in these subjects. His political affiliations lie on the
2893:
Smoler, Fredric. "Was the American Bombing Campaign in World War II a War Crime?",
2490:
2430:
1027:
992:
928:
912:
878:
764:
677:
605:
593:
577:
569:
543:
473:
324:
2872:
2818:
2411:
2384:
1781:
2734:"To beat the hard right we'll need to change too – a response to Edmund Fawcett"
2700:
2486:"AC Grayling: 'How can you be a militant atheist? It's like sleeping furiously'"
2312:
A. C. Grayling, Truth, Meaning and Realism: Essays in the Philosophy of Thought
1124:
1093:
Director of the Sino-British Summer School in Philosophy in Beijing (1988, 1993)
960:. In September 2010, Grayling was one of 55 public figures who sent a letter to
772:
589:
581:
422:
340:
273:
2595:
2934:
2846:
2765:
1980:
1004:
866:
831:
827:
819:
760:
700:
461:
309:
165:
2520:
2155:
1820:
1786:(adj.): Looking at the World from the Viewpoint of Wittgenstein's Philosophy"
1757:
For the Good of the World: Is Global Agreement on Global Challenges Possible?
2350:
1908:
1744:
The Frontiers of Knowledge: What We Know About Science, History and The Mind
633:
465:
75:
2235:
1679:
The Age of Genius: The Seventeenth Century and the Birth of the Modern Mind
516:
The Age of Genius: The Seventeenth Century and the Birth of the Modern Mind
2856:
759:
In his philosophical work, Grayling connected solutions to the problem of
576:, and Patron of the Defence Humanists. His main academic interests lie in
2091:
1452:
The Form of Things: Essays on Life, Ideas and Liberty in the 21st Century
835:
744:, he wrote and edited several pedagogical works in philosophy, including
653:
621:
124:
2715:"How to win the Brexit Civil War. An open letter to my fellow Remainers"
892:"Comment is free" group blog, and writes columns for, among others, the
47:
2781:
158:
2880:
Schwarz, Benjamin. "Fire From the Sky: What not to read this month",
1964:"Beyond Grayling, Dawkins and Hitchens, a new kind of British atheism"
1023:
637:
629:
601:
477:
438:
434:
426:
283:
782:, an independent undergraduate college in London. In February 2019,
1505:
Against All Gods: Six Polemics on Religion and an Essay on Kindness
568:
magazine from its foundation until 2016. He is a vice-president of
2766:"Anthony Grayling has decided not to take office as BHA President"
768:
683:
After moving to England in his teens, he spent three years at the
663:
632:), within the British expatriate enclave, and raised there and in
336:
193:
1597:
Thinking of Answers: Questions in the Philosophy of Everyday Life
1426:
Descartes: The Life of René Descartes and Its Place in His Times
1136:
Patron of the British Armed Forces Humanist Association (UKAFHA)
857:
2956:
Intelligence Squared Debate – Atheism is the new fundamentalism
1584:
To Set Prometheus Free: Essays on Religion, Reason and Humanity
1518:
Truth, Meaning and Realism: Essays in the Philosophy of Thought
1096:
Jan Hus Visiting Fellow at the Institute of Philosophy at the
437:) and spent most of his childhood there and in Nyasaland (now
2036:"The wrong sort of voter? There's no such thing, AC Grayling"
1927:
National Secular Society – www.secularism.org.uk 20 June 2019
1877:
1328:
The Quarrel of the Age: The Life and Times of William Hazlitt
2867:
2798:
1439:
The Heart of Things: Applying Philosophy to the 21st Century
2175:
Long, Camilla. "AC Grayling: Is it safe to come out now?",
666:'s dialogues, in a local library. At age fourteen, he read
413:
404:
2144:"AC Grayling: My sister's murder led to my mother's death"
2078:, vol. 43, Argus Printing and Publishing Co., 1959, p. 751
771:. A principal theme in his work is that considerations of
2368:
2366:
1950:
Dianne Pretty – Defending her right to choose how to die
410:
398:
218:
1839:
1837:
1666:
The Challenge of Things: Thinking Through Troubled Times
1565:
Ideas That Matter: A Personal Guide for the 21st Century
1016:
2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum
983:
A. C. Grayling was one of the contributors to the book,
919:, Patron of the Defence Humanists, was a Trustee of the
876:
Between 1999 and 2002 Grayling wrote a weekly column in
691:. He went on to obtain an MA from Sussex, then attended
2211:
Epistemological Scepticism and Transcendental Arguments
935:. In 2005, Grayling debated with Christian philosopher
705:
Epistemological Scepticism and Transcendental Arguments
289:
Epistemological Scepticism and Transcendental Arguments
2246:
Editors A.C. Grayling, Naomi Goulder, and Andrew Pyle
1357:
Meditations for the Humanist: Ethics for a Secular Age
441:). In 2011 he founded and became the first Master of
834:, human rights and other topics in the tradition of
616:
Son of Henry Clifford and Ursula Adelaide Grayling (
407:
401:
2513:"The Man Booker Prize 2003 - The Man Booker Prizes"
2209:(2003), p. 226. For the thesis, see Grayling, A.C.
395:
346:
318:
295:
282:
259:
249:
239:
213:
201:
164:
150:
142:
134:
104:
99:
64:
23:
1387:What Is Good?: The Search for the Best Way to Live
1342:The Meaning of Things: Applying Philosophy to Life
703:, obtaining his doctorate in 1981 for a thesis on
644:. He attended several boarding schools, including
1935:
1933:
1470:The Continuum Encyclopedia of British Philosophy
742:The Continuum Encyclopedia of British Philosophy
2207:Life, Sex, and Ideas: The Good Life Without God
2127:Life, Sex, and Ideas: The Good Life Without God
2109:"A C Grayling, the master of positive thinking"
1379:Life, Sex, and Ideas: The Good Life Without God
956:(2006), as a contribution to the debate on the
711:(1985) and its themes are further developed in
541:. For a number of years he was a columnist for
2622:"Review: Among the Dead Cities by AC Grayling"
1731:The Good State: On the Principles of Democracy
1086:visitor to the Institute of Philosophy at the
948:allied strategic air offensive in World War II
931:judge and Chairman of the Judges for the 2014
3077:Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
1160:group on relations between Islam and the West
640:) where his father worked as manager for the
8:
1365:The Reason of Things: Living with Philosophy
803:Commander of the Order of the British Empire
460:Grayling is the author of about 30 books on
3027:Academics of Birkbeck, University of London
2458:(Supplement). 31 December 2016. p. N9.
2129:. University of Oxford Press, 2002, p. 224.
2086:
2084:
1891:"AC Grayling - Page 7 of 14 - The Guardian"
1788:Springer — The Frontiers Collection, 2019.
1559:Scepticism and the Possibility of Knowledge
1127:, a human rights group concerned with China
985:We Are One: A Celebration of Tribal Peoples
713:Scepticism and the Possibility of Knowledge
562:Grayling was a director and contributor at
3087:Fellows of the Royal Society of Literature
2659:"Harsh judgments on the pope and religion"
449:, where he taught from 1991. He is also a
46:
20:
2294:Philosophy 2: Further Through the Subject
2029:
2027:
2001:
1999:
1880:, acgrayling.com. Retrieved 10 June 2011.
1314:Philosophy 2: Further Through the Subject
1098:Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic
966:Pope Benedict XVI's state visit to the UK
3092:Founders of English schools and colleges
3052:Alumni of University of London Worldwide
3012:21st-century British non-fiction writers
2997:20th-century British non-fiction writers
2971:"Grayling speaking on human flourishing"
2469:BBC The Big Questions 2013, youtube.com
2327:"Northeastern to Acquire London College"
1145:International Humanist and Ethical Union
707:. A part of that thesis is published as
620:Burns), Grayling was born and raised in
2275:Philosophy: A Guide Through the Subject
2258:An Introduction to Philosophical Logic
2137:
2135:
1802:
1800:
1796:
1259:Philosophy: A Guide Through the Subject
1225:Wittgenstein: A Very Short Introduction
754:Philosophy: Further Through the Subject
750:Philosophy: A Guide Through the Subject
2844:
2325:Redden, Elizabeth (14 November 2018).
1982:Should Britain become a secular state?
1172:An Introduction to Philosophical Logic
999:, but also indigenous people, such as
746:An Introduction to Philosophical Logic
2886:, 30 May 2006. review of Grayling's
1873:
1871:
731:, before taking up a post in 1991 at
689:University of London external student
54:Edinburgh International Book Festival
7:
3082:Fellows of St Anne's College, Oxford
748:(3rd ed., 1999) and the two volumes
2701:Survival International – We Are One
2034:Fraser, Giles (21 September 2017).
909:United Nations Human Rights Council
786:, a private research university in
723:Grayling lectured in philosophy at
3047:Alumni of the University of Sussex
3042:Alumni of the University of London
3037:Alumni of Magdalen College, Oxford
2732:Barnett, Anthony (10 April 2018).
2314:"Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews"
1286:Russell: A Very Short Introduction
1088:Chinese Academy of Social Sciences
1071:Member of the editorial boards of
838:. He has articulated positions on
794:. He has also been a judge on the
671:Biographical History of Philosophy
421:; born 3 April 1949) is a British
354:arguments for the existence of God
14:
3137:Zambian people of English descent
3132:Zambian people of British descent
3017:21st-century English philosophers
3002:20th-century English philosophers
2190:"The Inventory: Anthony Grayling"
1962:Catto, Rebecca and Eccles, Jane.
2855:
2845:Problems playing this file? See
2816:
2713:Barnett, Anthony (6 June 2018).
2628:– via www.theguardian.com.
2234:AC Grayling: Academic Interests
2213:. Oxford University Press, 1983.
2142:Stanford, Peter (5 March 2016).
1807:Wells, Emma (25 November 2012).
907:Grayling is accredited with the
391:
205:
2907:"Five Minutes with AC Grayling"
2831:from the BBC Radio 4 programme
2620:Charmley, John (4 March 2006).
2429:Bertrand Russell Society Award
2092:"The Interview: A. C. Grayling"
1198:Berkeley: The Central Arguments
964:expressing their opposition to
915:, an Honorary Associate of the
345:
2944:"Mindfields by A. C. Grayling"
2385:Wellcome Trust Book Prize 2010
733:Birkbeck, University of London
525:Grayling was a trustee of the
447:Birkbeck, University of London
1:
3102:New College of the Humanities
3062:Atheism in the United Kingdom
2973:, The Science Network (video)
2375:. Retrieved 16 December 2013.
1850:New College of the Humanities
1809:"Time and place: AC Grayling"
1776:Foreword to Shyam Wuppuluri,
1413:The Art of Always Being Right
976:in the run-up to September's
946:Grayling wrote a book on the
780:New College of the Humanities
547:newspaper, and presented the
443:New College of the Humanities
67:New College of the Humanities
3112:British philosophy academics
3072:British critics of religions
3022:21st-century English writers
2409:Council for Secular Humanism
2076:Who's Who of Southern Africa
1655:(Bloomsbury edition; 2014).
1545:Towards the Light of Liberty
1185:The Refutation of Scepticism
1151:British Humanist Association
923:, and a board member of the
809:for services to philosophy.
709:The Refutation of Scepticism
572:, honorary associate of the
482:The Refutation of Scepticism
457:, where he formerly taught.
1245:China: A Literary Companion
1054:Royal Society of Literature
535:Royal Society of Literature
3163:
2961:"Grayling in conversation"
2899:, 6 April 2006; review of
2431:"Bertrand Russell Society"
1301:The Future of Moral Values
1130:Honorary Associate of the
1109:Honorary Secretary of the
1106:Research Fellowship (1998)
735:, where in 1998 he became
486:The Future of Moral Values
2925:"Interview with Grayling"
2913:"Interview with Grayling"
2862:Anthony Clifford Grayling
2223:Debrett's People of Today
2010:. Oneworld Publications.
1718:The History of Philosophy
1468:and Naomi Goulder (eds).
796:Wellcome Trust Book Prize
729:St Anne's College, Oxford
695:, where he was taught by
553:Exchanges at the Frontier
533:, and is a fellow of the
455:St Anne's College, Oxford
374:Anthony Clifford Grayling
367:
363:
359:
235:
227:
109:Anthony Clifford Grayling
95:
83:
72:
60:
45:
3032:Alumni of Falcon College
2436:17 November 2016 at the
2356:20 December 2016 at the
2008:Democracy and Its Crisis
1846:"Professor A C Grayling"
1705:Democracy and its Crisis
1132:National Secular Society
1116:Gifford Lecturer at the
1020:Democracy and Its Crisis
978:referendum on that issue
917:National Secular Society
798:and the Art Fund prize.
693:Magdalen College, Oxford
612:Early life and education
598:Democracy and Its Crisis
574:National Secular Society
520:Democracy and its Crises
190:Magdalen College, Oxford
2574:Premier Christian Radio
2417:25 October 2016 at the
2006:A. C. Grayling (2017).
1772:Foreword to other books
1543:published in the US as
1377:published in the US as
1355:published in the US as
1284:Republished in 2002 as
1223:Republished in 2001 as
1141:UN Human Rights Council
784:Northeastern University
244:Contemporary philosophy
2868:A. C. Grayling website
2811:A. C. Grayling's voice
2803:
2373:Man Booker 2014 Judges
2351:Man Booker 2003 Judges
2205:For his teachers, see
1553:The Choice of Hercules
1139:Representative to the
1009:Survival International
1001:Davi Kopenawa Yanomami
3057:Analytic philosophers
3007:21st-century atheists
2992:20th-century atheists
2901:Among the Dead Cities
2888:Among the Dead Cities
2802:
2517:themanbookerprize.com
2248:"oxfordreference.com"
1400:The Mystery of Things
1118:University of Glasgow
1060:Royal Society of Arts
1018:result. In his book,
974:Scottish independence
911:, and is a patron of
885:The Meaning of Things
871:teaching of evolution
824:legalisation of drugs
807:2017 New Year Honours
788:Boston, Massachusetts
539:Royal Society of Arts
499:The Meaning of Things
3147:White Zambian people
3142:Zambian philosophers
3107:People from Luanshya
3067:Atheist philosophers
2935:TDF Interview about
2864:at Wikimedia Commons
2829:Recorded August 2008
2665:, 15 September 2010.
2643:Methods of Barbarism
2600:mydeath-decision.org
1111:Aristotelian Society
1066:World Economic Forum
1026:and the election of
989:Laurens van der Post
941:My Death My Decision
685:University of Sussex
604:and the election of
531:World Economic Forum
529:and a fellow of the
184:University of London
171:University of Sussex
2931:, 20 February 2008.
2918:The Science Network
2834:Desert Island Discs
2397:Art Fund prize 2010
2113:www.telegraph.co.uk
997:Claude Lévi-Strauss
586:philosophical logic
557:science and society
269:Analytic philosophy
16:English philosopher
3117:Philosophy writers
2929:ABC Radio National
2804:
2455:The London Gazette
2115:. 25 January 2012.
2098:, 19 October 2010.
1856:on 20 January 2021
1497:with Mick Gordon.
1073:Reason in Practice
937:William Lane Craig
925:Society of Authors
254:Western philosophy
3127:Zambian humanists
2965:BBC World Service
2896:American Heritage
2860:Media related to
2822:
2738:opendemocracy.net
2719:opendemocracy.net
2523:on 4 October 2018
2482:Aitkenhead, Decca
2412:"Forkosch Awards"
1952:" acgrayling.com"
1778:N. C. A. da Costa
1674:978-1-4088-6461-6
1648:978-1-62040-190-3
1620:978-0-8027-1737-5
1605:978-1-4088-0598-5
1592:978-1-84002-962-8
1573:978-0-297-85676-4
1539:978-0-8027-1636-1
1531:Towards The Light
1526:978-0-8264-9748-2
1513:978-1-84002-728-0
1158:C1 World Dialogue
1123:Past chairman of
650:Southern Rhodesia
626:Northern Rhodesia
549:BBC World Service
431:Northern Rhodesia
429:. He was born in
371:
370:
297:Doctoral advisors
230:Philosophy career
129:Northern Rhodesia
3154:
3122:Zambian atheists
2883:Atlantic Monthly
2859:
2824:
2823:
2801:
2770:
2769:
2762:
2756:
2753:encyclopedia.com
2748:
2742:
2741:
2729:
2723:
2722:
2710:
2704:
2698:
2692:
2691:
2689:
2687:
2672:
2666:
2656:
2650:
2636:
2630:
2629:
2617:
2611:
2610:
2608:
2606:
2592:
2586:
2585:
2583:
2581:
2565:
2559:
2558:
2556:
2554:
2539:
2533:
2532:
2530:
2528:
2519:. Archived from
2509:
2503:
2502:
2500:
2498:
2484:(3 April 2011).
2478:
2472:
2466:
2460:
2459:
2446:
2440:
2427:
2421:
2406:
2400:
2394:
2388:
2382:
2376:
2370:
2361:
2348:
2342:
2341:
2339:
2337:
2331:Inside Higher Ed
2322:
2316:
2310:
2304:
2291:
2285:
2272:
2266:
2256:
2250:
2244:
2238:
2236:"acgrayling.com"
2232:
2226:
2220:
2214:
2203:
2197:
2186:
2180:
2177:The Sunday Times
2173:
2167:
2166:
2164:
2162:
2139:
2130:
2123:
2117:
2116:
2105:
2099:
2090:Treharne, Rhys.
2088:
2079:
2073:
2067:
2066:
2059:
2053:
2050:
2044:
2043:
2031:
2022:
2021:
2003:
1994:
1993:
1992:
1990:
1977:
1971:
1960:
1954:
1948:
1942:
1937:
1928:
1923:
1917:
1916:
1905:
1899:
1898:
1887:
1881:
1875:
1866:
1865:
1863:
1861:
1852:. Archived from
1841:
1832:
1831:
1829:
1827:
1813:The Sunday Times
1804:
1639:The God Argument
1149:Vice-president,
1104:Leverhulme Trust
933:Man Booker Prize
792:Man Booker Prize
511:The God Argument
470:history of ideas
420:
419:
416:
415:
412:
409:
406:
403:
400:
397:
388:
329:history of ideas
223:
220:
209:
197:
122:
118:
116:
100:Personal details
88:
50:
40:
21:
3162:
3161:
3157:
3156:
3155:
3153:
3152:
3151:
2977:
2976:
2939:as co-dramatist
2852:
2851:
2843:
2841:
2840:
2839:
2838:
2837:
2825:
2817:
2814:
2812:
2805:
2799:
2794:
2792:Further reading
2778:
2773:
2764:
2763:
2759:
2749:
2745:
2731:
2730:
2726:
2712:
2711:
2707:
2699:
2695:
2685:
2683:
2682:. 7 August 2014
2674:
2673:
2669:
2657:
2653:
2649:, 4 March 2006.
2637:
2633:
2619:
2618:
2614:
2604:
2602:
2594:
2593:
2589:
2579:
2577:
2567:
2566:
2562:
2552:
2550:
2541:
2540:
2536:
2526:
2524:
2511:
2510:
2506:
2496:
2494:
2480:
2479:
2475:
2467:
2463:
2448:
2447:
2443:
2438:Wayback Machine
2428:
2424:
2419:Wayback Machine
2407:
2403:
2395:
2391:
2383:
2379:
2371:
2364:
2358:Wayback Machine
2349:
2345:
2335:
2333:
2324:
2323:
2319:
2311:
2307:
2292:
2288:
2273:
2269:
2257:
2253:
2245:
2241:
2233:
2229:
2225:, 2009, p. 677.
2221:
2217:
2204:
2200:
2196:, 10 June 2011.
2194:Financial Times
2188:Lacey, Hester.
2187:
2183:
2179:, 12 June 2011.
2174:
2170:
2160:
2158:
2141:
2140:
2133:
2125:Grayling, A.C.
2124:
2120:
2107:
2106:
2102:
2089:
2082:
2074:
2070:
2061:
2060:
2056:
2051:
2047:
2040:theguardian.com
2033:
2032:
2025:
2018:
2005:
2004:
1997:
1988:
1986:
1985:, 24 March 2013
1979:
1978:
1974:
1970:, 14 April 2011
1961:
1957:
1949:
1945:
1938:
1931:
1924:
1920:
1907:
1906:
1902:
1889:
1888:
1884:
1876:
1869:
1859:
1857:
1844:Grayling, A C.
1843:
1842:
1835:
1825:
1823:
1806:
1805:
1798:
1794:
1784:Wittgensteinian
1774:
1769:
1692:War: An Enquiry
1241:Susan Whitfield
1167:
1100:(1994 and 1996)
1084:British Academy
1049:
1036:
840:humanist ethics
815:
813:Public advocacy
725:Bedford College
721:
614:
394:
390:
376:
349:
333:humanist ethics
321:
314:
278:
228:
217:
188:
187:
182:
123:
120:
114:
112:
111:
110:
90:
84:
79:
56:
41:
28:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3160:
3158:
3150:
3149:
3144:
3139:
3134:
3129:
3124:
3119:
3114:
3109:
3104:
3099:
3094:
3089:
3084:
3079:
3074:
3069:
3064:
3059:
3054:
3049:
3044:
3039:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3009:
3004:
2999:
2994:
2989:
2979:
2978:
2975:
2974:
2968:
2958:
2953:
2941:
2932:
2922:
2910:
2904:
2891:
2878:
2870:
2865:
2842:
2827:
2826:
2815:
2810:
2808:
2807:
2806:
2797:
2796:
2795:
2793:
2790:
2789:
2788:
2782:A. C. Grayling
2777:
2776:External links
2774:
2772:
2771:
2757:
2755:: A C Grayling
2743:
2724:
2705:
2693:
2667:
2651:
2639:Charmley, John
2631:
2612:
2587:
2560:
2547:Bethinking.org
2534:
2504:
2473:
2461:
2441:
2422:
2401:
2389:
2377:
2362:
2343:
2317:
2305:
2286:
2267:
2251:
2239:
2227:
2215:
2198:
2181:
2168:
2131:
2118:
2100:
2080:
2068:
2054:
2045:
2023:
2017:978-1786072900
2016:
1995:
1972:
1955:
1943:
1929:
1918:
1900:
1882:
1867:
1833:
1795:
1793:
1790:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1767:
1754:
1741:
1728:
1715:
1702:
1700:978-0300175349
1689:
1687:978-0747599425
1676:
1663:
1650:
1635:
1633:978-0300175356
1622:
1607:
1594:
1581:
1575:
1562:
1556:
1550:
1549:
1548:
1528:
1515:
1502:
1495:
1480:
1462:
1449:
1436:
1423:
1410:
1397:
1384:
1383:
1382:
1362:
1361:
1360:
1338:
1325:
1311:
1298:
1297:
1296:
1269:
1255:
1237:
1236:
1235:
1208:
1195:
1182:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1162:
1161:
1156:Member of the
1154:
1147:
1137:
1134:
1128:
1121:
1114:
1107:
1101:
1094:
1091:
1081:
1069:
1064:Fellow of the
1062:
1058:Fellow of the
1056:
1052:Fellow of the
1048:
1047:Positions held
1045:
1035:
1032:
921:London Library
890:The Guardian's
862:
861:
854:
851:
814:
811:
727:, London, and
720:
717:
697:P. F. Strawson
646:Falcon College
613:
610:
527:London Library
369:
368:
365:
364:
361:
360:
357:
356:
350:
347:
344:
343:
322:
320:Main interests
319:
316:
315:
313:
312:
307:
305:P. F. Strawson
301:
299:
293:
292:
286:
280:
279:
277:
276:
271:
265:
263:
257:
256:
251:
247:
246:
241:
237:
236:
233:
232:
225:
224:
215:
211:
210:
203:
199:
198:
168:
162:
161:
155:Central London
152:
148:
147:
144:
140:
139:
136:
132:
131:
108:
106:
102:
101:
97:
96:
93:
92:
86:Assumed office
81:
80:
73:
70:
69:
65:Master of the
62:
61:
58:
57:
51:
43:
42:
27:
25:A. C. Grayling
24:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3159:
3148:
3145:
3143:
3140:
3138:
3135:
3133:
3130:
3128:
3125:
3123:
3120:
3118:
3115:
3113:
3110:
3108:
3105:
3103:
3100:
3098:
3097:Living people
3095:
3093:
3090:
3088:
3085:
3083:
3080:
3078:
3075:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3060:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3050:
3048:
3045:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2984:
2982:
2972:
2969:
2966:
2962:
2959:
2957:
2954:
2951:
2950:
2949:New Scientist
2945:
2942:
2940:
2938:
2933:
2930:
2926:
2923:
2920:
2919:
2914:
2911:
2908:
2905:
2902:
2898:
2897:
2892:
2889:
2885:
2884:
2879:
2877:
2876:
2871:
2869:
2866:
2863:
2858:
2854:
2853:
2850:
2848:
2836:
2835:
2830:
2813:
2791:
2787:
2783:
2780:
2779:
2775:
2767:
2761:
2758:
2754:
2751:
2747:
2744:
2739:
2735:
2728:
2725:
2720:
2716:
2709:
2706:
2702:
2697:
2694:
2681:
2677:
2671:
2668:
2664:
2660:
2655:
2652:
2648:
2644:
2640:
2635:
2632:
2627:
2623:
2616:
2613:
2601:
2597:
2591:
2588:
2576:
2575:
2570:
2564:
2561:
2548:
2544:
2538:
2535:
2522:
2518:
2514:
2508:
2505:
2493:
2492:
2487:
2483:
2477:
2474:
2470:
2465:
2462:
2457:
2456:
2451:
2445:
2442:
2439:
2435:
2432:
2426:
2423:
2420:
2416:
2413:
2410:
2405:
2402:
2398:
2393:
2390:
2386:
2381:
2378:
2374:
2369:
2367:
2363:
2359:
2355:
2352:
2347:
2344:
2332:
2328:
2321:
2318:
2315:
2309:
2306:
2303:
2302:0-19-875179-6
2299:
2295:
2290:
2287:
2284:
2283:0-19-875156-7
2280:
2276:
2271:
2268:
2265:
2264:0-389-20299-1
2261:
2255:
2252:
2249:
2243:
2240:
2237:
2231:
2228:
2224:
2219:
2216:
2212:
2208:
2202:
2199:
2195:
2191:
2185:
2182:
2178:
2172:
2169:
2157:
2153:
2149:
2148:The Telegraph
2145:
2138:
2136:
2132:
2128:
2122:
2119:
2114:
2110:
2104:
2101:
2097:
2093:
2087:
2085:
2081:
2077:
2072:
2069:
2064:
2058:
2055:
2049:
2046:
2041:
2037:
2030:
2028:
2024:
2019:
2013:
2009:
2002:
2000:
1996:
1984:
1983:
1976:
1973:
1969:
1965:
1959:
1956:
1953:
1947:
1944:
1940:
1936:
1934:
1930:
1926:
1922:
1919:
1914:
1910:
1904:
1901:
1896:
1892:
1886:
1883:
1879:
1874:
1872:
1868:
1855:
1851:
1847:
1840:
1838:
1834:
1822:
1818:
1814:
1810:
1803:
1801:
1797:
1791:
1789:
1787:
1785:
1779:
1771:
1766:
1765:9780861542666
1762:
1758:
1755:
1753:
1752:9780241304563
1749:
1745:
1742:
1740:
1739:9781786077189
1736:
1732:
1729:
1727:
1726:9780241304556
1723:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1713:9781786072894
1710:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1697:
1693:
1690:
1688:
1684:
1680:
1677:
1675:
1671:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1661:0-7475-7671-8
1658:
1654:
1651:
1649:
1645:
1641:
1640:
1636:
1634:
1630:
1626:
1623:
1621:
1617:
1613:
1612:
1611:The Good Book
1608:
1606:
1602:
1598:
1595:
1593:
1589:
1585:
1582:
1579:
1576:
1574:
1570:
1566:
1563:
1560:
1557:
1554:
1551:
1546:
1542:
1541:
1540:
1536:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1523:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1510:
1506:
1503:
1500:
1496:
1494:
1490:
1486:
1485:
1481:
1479:
1478:1-84371-141-9
1475:
1471:
1467:
1463:
1461:
1460:0-297-85167-5
1457:
1453:
1450:
1448:
1447:0-297-84819-4
1444:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1434:0-7432-3147-3
1431:
1427:
1424:
1422:
1421:1-903933-61-7
1418:
1414:
1411:
1409:
1408:0-297-64559-5
1405:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1395:0-297-84132-7
1392:
1388:
1385:
1380:
1376:
1375:
1374:
1373:0-297-82935-1
1370:
1366:
1363:
1358:
1354:
1353:
1352:
1351:0-297-60758-8
1348:
1344:
1343:
1339:
1337:
1336:0-297-64322-3
1333:
1329:
1326:
1323:
1322:0-19-875179-6
1319:
1315:
1312:
1310:
1309:0-297-81973-9
1306:
1302:
1299:
1295:
1294:0-19-280258-5
1291:
1287:
1283:
1282:
1281:
1280:0-19-287683-X
1277:
1273:
1270:
1268:
1267:0-19-875156-7
1264:
1260:
1256:
1254:
1253:0-7195-5353-9
1250:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1233:0-19-285411-9
1230:
1226:
1222:
1221:
1220:
1219:0-19-287676-7
1216:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1206:0-7156-2065-7
1203:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1193:0-7156-1922-5
1190:
1186:
1183:
1181:
1180:0-389-20299-1
1177:
1173:
1170:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1155:
1152:
1148:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1135:
1133:
1129:
1126:
1122:
1119:
1115:
1112:
1108:
1105:
1102:
1099:
1095:
1092:
1089:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1079:
1074:
1070:
1067:
1063:
1061:
1057:
1055:
1051:
1050:
1046:
1044:
1042:
1041:Katie Hickman
1034:Personal life
1033:
1031:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1012:
1010:
1006:
1002:
998:
994:
990:
986:
981:
979:
975:
971:
967:
963:
959:
958:ethics of war
955:
954:
949:
944:
942:
938:
934:
930:
926:
922:
918:
914:
910:
905:
903:
902:
901:New Scientist
897:
896:
891:
887:
886:
881:
880:
874:
872:
868:
859:
855:
852:
849:
848:
847:
844:
841:
837:
833:
829:
825:
821:
812:
810:
808:
805:(CBE) in the
804:
799:
797:
793:
789:
785:
781:
776:
774:
770:
766:
762:
757:
755:
751:
747:
743:
738:
734:
730:
726:
718:
716:
714:
710:
706:
702:
698:
694:
690:
686:
681:
679:
674:
672:
669:
668:G. H. Lewes's
665:
661:
660:
655:
651:
647:
643:
642:Standard Bank
639:
635:
631:
627:
623:
619:
611:
609:
607:
603:
599:
595:
591:
587:
583:
579:
575:
571:
567:
566:
560:
558:
554:
550:
546:
545:
540:
536:
532:
528:
523:
521:
517:
513:
512:
507:
506:
505:The Good Book
501:
500:
495:
494:What Is Good?
491:
487:
483:
479:
475:
471:
467:
463:
458:
456:
452:
451:supernumerary
448:
444:
440:
436:
432:
428:
424:
418:
387:
383:
379:
375:
366:
362:
358:
355:
352:Criticism of
351:
348:Notable ideas
342:
338:
334:
330:
326:
323:
317:
311:
308:
306:
303:
302:
300:
298:
294:
290:
287:
285:
281:
275:
272:
270:
267:
266:
264:
262:
258:
255:
252:
248:
245:
242:
238:
234:
231:
226:
222:
216:
212:
208:
204:
200:
195:
191:
185:
180:
176:
172:
169:
167:
163:
160:
156:
153:
149:
145:
141:
137:
133:
130:
126:
121:(age 75)
107:
103:
98:
94:
87:
82:
78:
77:
71:
68:
63:
59:
55:
49:
44:
39:
35:
31:
22:
19:
2947:
2936:
2916:
2900:
2894:
2887:
2881:
2875:The Guardian
2874:
2832:
2760:
2752:
2746:
2737:
2727:
2718:
2708:
2696:
2684:. Retrieved
2680:The Guardian
2679:
2670:
2663:The Guardian
2662:
2654:
2647:The Guardian
2646:
2634:
2626:The Guardian
2625:
2615:
2603:. Retrieved
2599:
2590:
2578:. Retrieved
2572:
2563:
2551:. Retrieved
2537:
2525:. Retrieved
2521:the original
2516:
2507:
2495:. Retrieved
2491:The Guardian
2489:
2476:
2464:
2453:
2444:
2425:
2404:
2392:
2380:
2346:
2334:. Retrieved
2330:
2320:
2308:
2293:
2289:
2274:
2270:
2254:
2242:
2230:
2222:
2218:
2210:
2206:
2201:
2193:
2184:
2176:
2171:
2161:23 September
2159:. Retrieved
2147:
2126:
2121:
2112:
2103:
2095:
2075:
2071:
2057:
2048:
2039:
2007:
1989:23 September
1987:, retrieved
1981:
1975:
1968:The Guardian
1967:
1958:
1946:
1921:
1912:
1903:
1895:The Guardian
1894:
1885:
1858:. Retrieved
1854:the original
1849:
1826:23 September
1824:. Retrieved
1812:
1783:
1775:
1756:
1743:
1730:
1717:
1704:
1691:
1678:
1665:
1652:
1637:
1624:
1609:
1596:
1583:
1577:
1564:
1558:
1552:
1544:
1530:
1517:
1504:
1498:
1482:
1469:
1451:
1438:
1425:
1412:
1399:
1386:
1378:
1364:
1356:
1340:
1327:
1313:
1300:
1285:
1271:
1258:
1244:
1224:
1211:Wittgenstein
1210:
1197:
1184:
1171:
1165:Publications
1076:
1072:
1037:
1028:Donald Trump
1019:
1013:
993:Noam Chomsky
984:
982:
970:The Guardian
969:
962:The Guardian
961:
951:
945:
929:Booker Prize
913:Humanists UK
906:
899:
894:
889:
883:
879:The Guardian
877:
875:
863:
845:
816:
800:
777:
765:epistemology
758:
753:
749:
745:
741:
722:
712:
708:
704:
682:
678:Johannesburg
675:
670:
657:
617:
615:
606:Donald Trump
597:
594:New Atheists
578:epistemology
570:Humanists UK
563:
561:
552:
544:The Guardian
542:
524:
519:
515:
509:
503:
497:
493:
490:Wittgenstein
489:
485:
481:
480:, including
474:human rights
459:
373:
372:
325:Epistemology
291: (1981)
288:
229:
151:Residence(s)
119:3 April 1949
85:
74:
52:At the 2011
18:
2987:1949 births
2543:"Suffering"
2527:21 December
2497:18 February
2450:"No. 61803"
2336:14 November
2063:"Academics"
1499:On Religion
1466:Andrew Pyle
1125:June Fourth
1113:(1993–2001)
1068:(2000–2004)
904:magazines.
773:metaphysics
752:(1995) and
590:centre-left
582:metaphysics
518:(2016) and
423:philosopher
341:metaphysics
274:New Atheism
135:Nationality
2981:Categories
2847:media help
2596:"About Us"
2580:15 January
2553:15 January
1792:References
1625:Friendship
1493:0802714714
1005:Roy Sesana
867:stem cells
832:secularism
828:euthanasia
820:war crimes
761:scepticism
701:A. J. Ayer
462:philosophy
453:fellow of
310:A. J. Ayer
219:acgrayling
166:Alma mater
115:1949-04-03
2686:26 August
2156:0307-1235
1878:Biography
1860:8 January
1821:0956-1382
972:opposing
662:, one of
659:Charmides
634:Nyasaland
466:biography
202:Signature
76:Incumbent
2967:(audio).
2873:Blog in
2605:25 March
2434:Archived
2415:Archived
2354:Archived
2296:(1998).
2277:(1995).
1780:(eds.),
1759:(2022).
1746:(2021).
1733:(2020).
1720:(2019).
1707:(2018).
1694:(2017).
1681:(2016).
1668:(2015).
1642:(2013).
1627:(2013).
1614:(2011).
1599:(2010).
1586:(2009).
1567:(2009).
1533:(2007).
1520:(2007).
1507:(2007).
1487:(2006).
1472:(2006),
1454:(2006).
1441:(2005).
1428:(2005).
1415:(2004).
1402:(2004).
1389:(2003).
1367:(2002).
1345:(2001).
1330:(2000).
1316:(1998).
1303:(1997),
1274:(1996).
1261:(1995).
1247:(1994).
1213:(1988).
1200:(1986).
1187:(1985).
1174:(1982).
1143:for the
1078:Prospect
895:Prospect
836:Polemics
756:(1998).
715:(2008).
654:Zimbabwe
622:Luanshya
565:Prospect
537:and the
522:(2017).
514:(2013),
508:(2011),
502:(2001),
496:(2000),
492:(1992),
488:(1997),
484:(1985),
143:Children
125:Luanshya
2909:, BBC..
2096:Varsity
1580:(2009).
1561:(2008).
1555:(2007).
1501:(2007).
1272:Russell
551:series
214:Website
159:England
138:British
2549:. 2011
2300:
2281:
2262:
2154:
2014:
1819:
1763:
1750:
1737:
1724:
1711:
1698:
1685:
1672:
1659:
1646:
1631:
1618:
1603:
1590:
1571:
1537:
1524:
1511:
1491:
1476:
1458:
1445:
1432:
1419:
1406:
1393:
1371:
1349:
1334:
1320:
1307:
1292:
1278:
1265:
1257:(ed).
1251:
1231:
1217:
1204:
1191:
1178:
1120:(2005)
1090:(1986)
1024:Brexit
822:, the
737:reader
719:Career
638:Malawi
630:Zambia
602:Brexit
584:, and
478:ethics
439:Malawi
435:Zambia
427:author
284:Thesis
261:School
250:Region
2937:Grace
1464:with
1324:, ed.
1239:with
769:logic
664:Plato
652:(now
636:(now
628:(now
433:(now
384:
380:
337:logic
194:DPhil
89:
36:
32:
2786:IMDb
2688:2014
2607:2021
2582:2014
2555:2014
2529:2018
2499:2021
2338:2018
2298:ISBN
2279:ISBN
2260:ISBN
2163:2019
2152:ISSN
2012:ISBN
1991:2019
1862:2019
1828:2019
1817:ISSN
1761:ISBN
1748:ISBN
1735:ISBN
1722:ISBN
1709:ISBN
1696:ISBN
1683:ISBN
1670:ISBN
1657:ISBN
1644:ISBN
1629:ISBN
1616:ISBN
1601:ISBN
1588:ISBN
1569:ISBN
1535:ISBN
1522:ISBN
1509:ISBN
1489:ISBN
1474:ISBN
1456:ISBN
1443:ISBN
1430:ISBN
1417:ISBN
1404:ISBN
1391:ISBN
1369:ISBN
1347:ISBN
1332:ISBN
1318:ISBN
1305:ISBN
1290:ISBN
1276:ISBN
1263:ISBN
1249:ISBN
1229:ISBN
1215:ISBN
1202:ISBN
1189:ISBN
1176:ISBN
1075:and
1003:and
898:and
858:NGOs
699:and
476:and
425:and
386:FRSL
382:FRSA
221:.com
186:(BA)
105:Born
91:2011
38:FRSL
34:FRSA
2784:at
1913:BBC
1288:.
763:in
648:in
618:née
555:on
378:CBE
240:Era
30:CBE
2983::
2963:,
2946:,
2927:,
2915:,
2736:.
2717:.
2678:.
2661:,
2645:,
2641:.
2624:.
2598:.
2571:.
2545:.
2515:.
2488:.
2452:.
2365:^
2329:.
2192:,
2150:.
2146:.
2134:^
2111:.
2094:,
2083:^
2038:.
2026:^
1998:^
1966:,
1932:^
1911:.
1893:.
1870:^
1848:.
1836:^
1815:.
1811:.
1799:^
1243:.
1227:.
1043:.
1011:.
995:,
991:,
980:.
950:,
943:.
869:,
830:,
826:,
624:,
608:.
580:,
559:.
472:,
468:,
464:,
405:eɪ
339:,
335:,
331:,
327:,
179:MA
177:,
175:BA
157:,
127:,
117:)
2952:.
2921:.
2903:.
2890:.
2849:.
2768:.
2740:.
2721:.
2703:.
2690:.
2609:.
2584:.
2557:.
2531:.
2501:.
2471:.
2399:,
2387:,
2360:,
2340:.
2165:.
2065:.
2042:.
2020:.
1915:.
1897:.
1864:.
1830:.
1782:"
1547:.
1381:.
1359:.
417:/
414:ŋ
411:ɪ
408:l
402:r
399:ɡ
396:ˈ
393:/
389:(
196:)
192:(
181:)
173:(
146:3
113:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
