Atari ST - Knowledge (XXG)

1427:, it supports sampling frequencies above 44.1 kHz; the sampling master clock is 98340 Hz (which can be divided by a number between 2 and 16 to get the actual sampling frequencies). It can play the STE sample frequencies (up to 50066 Hz) in 8 or 16 bit, mono or stereo, all by using the same DMA interface as the STE, with a few additions. It can both play back and record samples, with 8 mono channels and 4 stereo channels, allowing musicians to use it for recording to hard drive. Although the 68030 microprocessor can use 32-bit memory, the Falcon uses a 16-bit bus, which reduces performance and cost. In another cost-reduction measure, Atari shipped the Falcon in an inexpensive case much like that of the ST and ST. Aftermarket upgrade kits allow it to be put in a desktop or rack-mount case, with the keyboard separate. 920: 2543:" case with a detached keyboard. All MEGA mainboards have a PLCC socket for the BLiTTER chip and some early models did not include the BLiTTER chip. They also included a real-time clock and internal expansion connector. Some early MEGA 2 had a MEGA 4 mainboard with half of the memory chip places unpopulated and the MEGA 2 can be upgraded by adding the additional DRAM chips and some resistors for the control lines. The MEGA 1 mainboards had a redesigned memory chip area and could not be upgraded in this way as there are only places for the 1 MB DRAM chips. 1408: 2591:'on the road' and transferred using serial or parallel links, memory flashcards or external (and externally powered) floppy disk to a desktop ST once back indoors. The screen is highly reflective for the time, but still hard to use indoors or in low light, it is fixed to the 640 × 400 1-bit mono mode, and no external video port was provided. Despite its limitations, it gained some popularity, particularly amongst musicians. 945: 140: 1073: 36: 1872:, the machine's performance for 2D arcade games was seen as its weakest point. Games simultaneously released on the Amiga that do not use the Amiga's superior graphics and sound capabilities were often accused by video game magazines of simply being ST ports.. While the ST was often the lead machine, or jointly with the Amiga version, for the 68000 coded versions, later titles such as 953: 1183: 149: 5046: 4837:...The new Atari SLM605 laser printer prints six pages per minute, provides 300 x 300 dpi resolution and is priced below $ 1,300...The new Atari SLM605 laser printer produced some fast and flawless copies. Though the "605" prints six instead of eight copies per minute (as the old SLM804 was rated) the first copy is significantly faster... 1487:. Because the ST market was smaller than that for the IBM PC, it was more vulnerable to piracy which, Louie said, seemed to be better organized and more widely accepted for the ST. He reported that the Amiga version sold in six weeks twice as much as the ST version in nine weeks, and that the Mac and PC versions had four times the sales. 556:

to Atari, Commodore delivered a check of $ 500,000 on Amiga's behalf, in effect returning the funds Atari invested in Amiga for the chipset. Tramiel countered by suing Amiga Corp. on August 13, 1984, seeking damages and an injunction to bar Amiga (and effectively Commodore) from producing anything with its technology.

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Atari ST print advertisements stated, "America, We Built It For You", and quoted Atari president Sam Tramiel: "We promised. We delivered. With pride, determination, and good old ATARI know how". But Jack Tramiel admitted that sales of its earlier 8-bit systems were "very, very slow", Atari was out of

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originated on the Atari ST (the latter as Creator, Notator, Notator-SL, and Notator Logic). Another popular and powerful ST music sequencer application, KCS, contains a "Multi-Program Environment" that allows ST users to run other applications, such as the synthesizer patch editing software XoR (now

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coprocessor (stylized as "BLiTTER") which can quickly move large blocks of data (particularly, graphics data) around in RAM. The STE is the first Atari with PCM audio; using a new chip, it added the ability to play back 8-bit (signed) samples at 6258 Hz, 12,517 Hz, 25,033 Hz, and even

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released the 520ST and 1040ST (also written STE), enhanced version of the ST with improvements to the multimedia hardware and operating system. It features an increased color palette of 4,096 colors from the ST's 512 (though the maximum displayable palette without programming tricks is still limited

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or colour monitor. The colour hardware supports two resolutions: 320 × 200 pixels, with 16 of 512 colours; and 640 × 200, with 4 of 512 colours. The monochrome monitor was less expensive and has a single resolution of 640 × 400 at 71.25 Hz. The attached monitor determines available resolutions,

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packages in earliest versions) allowing upgrades up to 4 MB Allowable memory sizes including only 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 2.5 and 4.0 MB due to configuration restraints (however, 2.5 MB is not officially supported and has compatibility problems). Later third-party upgrade kits allow a maximum

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Released in 1992, the Falcon was discontinued by Atari the following year. In Europe, C-Lab licensed the Falcon design from Atari and released the C-Lab Falcon Mk I, identical to Atari's Falcon except for slight modifications to the audio circuitry. The Mk II added an internal 500 MB SCSI hard

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Atari had intended to release the 130ST with 128 KB of RAM and the 260ST with 256 KB. However, the ST initially shipped without TOS in ROM and required booting TOS from floppy, taking 206 KB RAM away from applications. The 260ST was launched in Europe on a limited basis. Early models

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Digital Research was fully committed to the Intel platform, so a team from Atari was sent to the Digital Research headquarters to work with the "Monterey Team", which comprised a mixture of Atari and Digital Research engineers. Atari's Leonard Tramiel was the Atari person overseeing "Project Jason"

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Amid rumors that Tramiel was negotiating to buy Atari, Amiga Corp. entered discussions with Commodore. This led to Commodore wanting to purchase Amiga Corporation outright, which Commodore believed would cancel any outstanding contracts, including Atari's. Instead of Amiga Corp. delivering Lorraine

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and video games written for the ST line being unstable or even completely unusable, primarily caused by programming direct hardware calls which bypassed the operating system. Furthermore, even having a joystick plugged in would sometimes cause strange behavior with a few applications (such as the

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formed Tramel (without an "i") Technology, Ltd. with his sons and other ex-Commodore employees and, in April, began planning a new computer. Interested in Atari's overseas manufacturing and worldwide distribution network, Tramiel negotiated with Warner in May and June 1984. He secured funding and

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To address this growing market segment, Atari introduced the ST1 at Comdex in 1986. Renamed to Mega, it includes a high-quality detached keyboard, a stronger case to support the weight of a monitor, and an internal bus expansion connector. An optional 20 MB hard drive can be placed below or

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The 130ST was intended to be a 128 KB variant. It was announced at the 1985 CES alongside the 520ST but never produced. The 4160ST was a 1040ST, but with 4 MB of RAM. A small quantity of development units were produced, but the system was never officially released. Atari did produce a

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originally intended to be a 256 KB variant, but actually sold in small quantities in Europe with 512 KB. Used after the release of the 520ST+ to differentiate the cheaper 512 KB models from the 1 MB models. Because the early 520STs were sold with TOS on disk, which used up

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to the desktop. Video capture and editing applications use dongles connected to the cartridge port for low frame rate, mainly silent and monochrome, but progressed to sound and basic color in still frames. At the end, Spectrum 512 and CAD-3D teamed up to produce realistic 512-color textured 3D

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processor. The "TT" name ("Thirty-two/Thirty-two") continued the nomenclature because the 68030 chip has 32-bit buses both internally and externally. Originally planned with a 68020 CPU, the TT has improved graphics and more powerful support chips. The case has a new design with an integrated

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Tramiel's poor reputation influenced potential software developers. One said, "Dealing with Commodore is like dealing with Attila the Hun. I don't know if Tramiel will be following his old habits ... I don't see a lot of people rushing to get software on the machine." Large business-software

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flashlight batteries for portability, when Atari finally realized how quickly the machine would use up a set of batteries (especially when rechargeable batteries of the time supplied insufficient power compared to the intended alkalines), they simply glued the lid of the battery compartment

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The original 520ST case design was created by Ira Velinsky, Atari's chief Industrial Designer. It is wedge-shaped, with bold angular lines and a series of grilles cut into the rear for airflow. The keyboard has soft tactile feedback and rhomboid-shaped function keys across the top. It is an

1576: 1911:. MS-DOS emulators were released in the late 1980s. PC-Ditto has a software-only version, and a hardware version that plugs into the cartridge slot or kludges internally. After running the software, an MS-DOS boot disk is required to load the system. Both run MS-DOS programs in 1137:

that could store up to 360 KB. Later drives were double-sided and stored 720 KB. Some commercial software, particularly games, shipped by default on single-sided disks, even supplying two 360 KB floppies instead of a single double-sided one, to avoid alienating

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were more positive, both promising to release ST software. Spinnaker said that "Atari has a vastly improved attitude toward software developers. They are eager to give us technical support and machines". Lifetree said, "We are giving Atari high priority". Some, such as

729:, and in early July 1985 for general retail sales. It saved the company. By November, Atari stated that more than 50,000 520STs had been sold, "with U.S. sales alone well into five figures". The machine had gone from concept to store shelves in a little under one year. 756: 2172:

ST MMU "Memory Management Unit": Provides signals needed for CPU/blitter/DMA and Shifter to access dynamic RAM. Even memory accesses are given to CPU/blitter/DMA while odd cycles are reserved for DRAM refresh or used by Shifter for displaying contents of the frame

2573:) version of the ST with the complete ST keyboard, an LCD screen simulating 640x400 hi-res, and a mini-trackball intended mostly for travelers and musicians because of the backlit screen and its built-in midi ports. Originally designed to operate on 12 standard 539:

bought Atari's consumer division, which included the console and home computer departments, in July. As executives and engineers left Commodore to join Tramel Technology, Commodore responded by filing lawsuits against four former engineers for infringement of

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Graphical touchscreen point of sale software for restaurants was originally developed for Atari ST by Gene Mosher under the ViewTouch copyright and trademark. Instead of using GEM, he developed a GUI and widget framework for the application using the

522:, paid Amiga to continue its work. In return, Atari received exclusive use of the Lorraine design for one year as a video game console. After that time, Atari had the right to add a keyboard and market the complete computer, designated the 1850XLD. 1291:

Two enhanced joystick ports were added (two normal joysticks can be plugged into each port with an adapter), with the new connectors placed in more easily accessed locations on the side of the case. The enhanced joystick ports were re-used in the

1374:" hard drive. It also shipped with TOS 2.00 (better support for hard drives, enhanced desktop interface, memory test, 1.44 MB floppy support, bug fixes). It was marketed as more affordable than a TT but more powerful than an ordinary ST. 830:, specialty computer stores, and both. When asked at COMDEX, Atari executives could not name any computer stores that would carry the ST. After a meeting with Atari, one analyst said, "We've seen marketing strategies changed before our eyes". 567:

with the Lorraine chipset in July 1985, but it wasn't available in quantity until 1986. The delay gave Atari time to deliver the Atari 520ST in June 1985. In March 1987, the two companies settled the dispute out of court in a closed decision.

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a later portable ST, more portable than the STacy, but sacrificing several features in order to achieve this, notably the backlight and internal floppy disk drive. Files were meant to be stored on a small amount (one megabyte) of internal

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built-in instead of external. This adds to the size of the machine, but reduces cable clutter. The joystick and mouse ports, formerly on the right side of the machine, are in a recess underneath the keyboard. An "FM" variant includes an

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reported that "more than 100 software titles will be available for the , most written by small software houses that desperately need work", and contrasted the "small, little-known companies" at Las Vegas with the larger ones like

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Pilot production models of the Atari machine are much slicker than the hand-built models shown at earlier computer fairs; it doesn't look like a typical Commodore 64-style, corner-cutting, low-cost Jack Tramiel product of the

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so each application either supports both types of monitors or only one. Most ST games require colour with productivity software favouring the monochrome. The Philips CM833-II was a popular color monitor for the Atari ST.

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quantity of 4160STE metallic case badges which found their way to dealers, so it's not uncommon to find one attached to systems which were originally 520/1040STE. No such labels were produced for the base of the systems.

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renderings, but processing was slow, and Atari's failure to deliver a machine with a math coprocessor had Hudson and Yost looking towards the PC as the future before a finished product could be delivered to the consumer.

718:. Atari's rapid development of the ST amazed many, but others were skeptical, citing its "cheap" appearance, Atari's uncertain financial health, and poor relations between Tramiel-led Commodore and software developers. 1246:

above the main case. Initially equipped with 2 or 4 MB of RAM (a 1 MB version, the Mega 1, followed), the Mega machines can be combined with Atari's laser printer for a low-cost desktop publishing package.

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The ST's lack of hardware scrolling meant that many games used smaller screen windows, or flick-screen gameplay instead of scrolling. Combined with sound hardware that was not considered the equal of the Amiga or

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A limited set of GEM fonts were included in the ROMs, including the ST's standard 8x8 pixel graphical character set. It contains four characters which can be placed together in a square, forming the face of

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Some software uses formats which allow the full disk to be read by double-sided drives but still lets single-sided drives access side A of the disk. Many magazine coverdisks (such as the first 30 issues of

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Megafile 20, 30, 60: External hard drive, Mega ST matching case, ACSI bus; Megafile 30 and 60 had a 5.25-inch RLL (often a Seagate ST238R 30 MB or Seagate ST277R 60 MB drive) with ST506 interface

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coprocessor improved some graphics performance, but was not included in all models. Developers wanting to use it had to detect its presence in their programs. Properly written applications using the GEM

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had been in development at Atari, Inc. and was considered for the new ST computer design. The chip needed more time to complete, so AMY was dropped in favor of a commodity Yamaha YM2149F variant of the

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was originally released for ST and Amiga in 1991 with its engine developed on the ST and the rotoscoped animation created on the Amiga. While American developers stopped making ST games around 1991 (

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same hardware as 1040STE except for a faster 16 MHz processor with 16K cache, an onboard SCSI controller, additional faster RS232 port, VME expansion port, in an ST gray version of the TT case

1638:) with advanced features such as 3D design and animation. The Spectrum 512 paint program uses rapid palette switching to expand the on-screen color palette to 512 (up to 46 colors per scan line). 814:

stated that Tramiel's poor pre-Atari reputation would likely make computer stores reluctant to deal with the company, hurting its distribution of the ST. One retailer said, "If you can believe

1678:, a popular commercial database program for storing and searching records of chess games. The first version was built for Atari ST with his collaboration in January 1987. In his autobiography 822:, you can believe Jack Tramiel"; another said that because of its experience with Tramiel, "our interest in Atari is zero, zilch". Neither Atari nor Commodore could persuade large chains like 2352:

In 1986, most production models became STs, with an integrated single- (520STF) or double-sided (1040STF) double density floppy disk drive built-in, but no other changes. Also in 1986, the

543:. The Tramiels did not purchase the employee contracts with the assets of Atari, Inc. and re-hired approximately 100 of the 900 former employees. Tramel Technology soon changed its name to 1015:

design, the Centronics printer port can be used for joystick input, and several games used available adaptors that used the printer socket, providing two additional 9-pin joystick ports.

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simply by pointing to it. However, GDOS was not ready at the time the ST started shipping and was included in software packages and with later ST machines. Later versions of GDOS support

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SH205: External hard drive, Mega ST matching case, 20 MB MFM 3.5-inch (Tandon TM262) or 5.25-inch (Segate ST225) drive with ST506 interface (became later the Megafile 20)

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to the 68000. By 1985, CP/M was becoming increasingly outdated; it did not support subdirectories, for example. Digital Research was also in the process of building GEMDOS, a

420:. Color graphics modes are available only on the former while the highest-resolution mode requires the monochrome monitor. Some models can display the color modes on a TV. In 865:

At Las Vegas COMDEX in November 1985, the industry was surprised by more than 30 companies exhibiting ST software while the Amiga had almost none. After Atlanta COMDEX,

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ST Shifter "Video shift register chip": Enables bitmap graphics using 32 KB of contiguous memory for all resolutions. Screen address has to be a multiple of 256.

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female, officially compliant only with the most basic unidirectional standard with a single, "Busy" input line; unofficially offering some bidirectional capabilities)

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ST GLU "Generalized Logic Unit": Control logic for the system used to connect the ST's chips. Not part of the data path, but needed to bridge chips with each other.

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The ST had success in gaming due to the low cost, fast performance, and colorful graphics compared to contemporary PCs or 8-bit systems. ST game developers include

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stated "This is certainly the clearest exposition ... we have seen to date" of why software companies produced less software for the ST than for other computers.

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Atari upgraded the basic design in 1986 with the 1040STF, stylized as 1040ST: essentially a 520ST with twice the RAM and with the power supply and a double-sided

842:, and Microsoft did not promise software for either the ST or Amiga, and the majority of software companies were hesitant to support another platform beyond the 646:

for GEM, and debated whether a port of it could be completed in time for product delivery in June. The decision was eventually taken to port it, resulting in a

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original model with 512 KB RAM, external power supply, no floppy disk drive. The early models had only a bootstrap ROM and TOS had to be loaded from disk.

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Very early machines have the OS on a floppy disk before a final version was burned into ROM. This version of TOS was bootstrapped from a small core boot ROM.

503:, tried to convince Atari management to create a new chipset for a video game console and computer. When his idea was rejected, he left Atari to form a small 2628:

Following Atari's departure from the computer market, both Medusa Computer Systems and Milan Computer manufactured Atari Falcon/TT-compatible machines with

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wrote that the public saw both Commodore and Atari as selling "cheap disposable" game machines, in part because of their computers' sophisticated graphics.

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or BusinessLand to sell its products. Observers criticized Atari's erratic discussion of its stated plans for the new computer, as it shifted between using

631:. Another option was to write a new operating system, but this was rejected as Atari management was unsure whether the company had the required expertise. 1729:. It includes a resource kit, C compiler (first Alcyon C, then Mark Williams C), debugger, 68000 assembler, and non-disclosure agreement. The third-party 5387: 2515:

a 520STM with a redesigned motherboard in a larger case with a built-in floppy disk drive (in some cases a single-sided drive only), and 512 KB RAM.

1028:, 12 of the pins in a rectangular pattern, carrying signals for both RGB and monochrome monitors, monophonic audio and, in later models, composite video) 5054: 886:

of Electronic Arts said, "I don't think Atari understands the software business. I'm still skeptical about its resources and its credibility." Although

1822:, was developed and released first on the ST, and is considered to be the best-selling software ever produced for the platform. Simulation games like 1858:

was the last major American-coded title) it remained popular with many European developers (primarily in France and Britain) until 1993. Games like

1549:. For output of digital sound, it uses the on-board frequency output, sets it to 128 kHz (inaudible) and then modulates the amplitude of that. 737:

sockets for easy upgrades to TOS. New ROMs were released a few months later and were included in new machines and as an upgrade for older machines.

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1.06 (also known as TOS 1.6) or TOS 1.62 (which fixed some major backwards-compatibility bugs in TOS 1.6) in two socketed 128 KB ROM chips.

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The final model of ST computer is the Falcon030. Like the TT, it is 68030-based, at 16 MHz, but with improved video modes and an on-board

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The lawsuit left the Amiga team in limbo during mid-1984. Commodore eventually moved forward, with plans to improve the chipset and develop an

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MC6850P ACIA "Asynchronous Common Interface Adapter": Enables the ST to directly communicate with MIDI devices and keyboard (two chips used).

779:, and is faster than many. Largely as a result of its price and performance factor, the ST became fairly popular, especially in Europe where 4849: 4475: 2930: 2203:

MC68901 MFP "Multi Function Peripheral": Used for interrupt generation/control, serial and misc. control input signals. Atari TT030 has two

2003:, musicians have attached Atari ST machines with C-Lab Unitor software to their keyboards, as seen in the TV live show and video recordings. 5943: 1534:

software became popular on the ST, such as the TCB Tracker, aiding the production of quality music from the Yamaha synthesizer, now called

4898: 3493: 595:. The Atari ST design was completed in five months in 1984, concluding with it being shown at the January 1985 Consumer Electronics Show. 2411:

sound at 6.25/12.5/25/50 kHz and stereo RCA audio-out jacks (using enhancements to the Shifter video chip to support audio shifting)

1725: (equivalent to $ 13,898 in 2023) cost discouraged development. The later Atari Developer's Kit consists of software and manuals for 5923: 459:. In the early 1990s, Atari released three final evolutions of the ST with significant technical differences from the original models: 4363: 2456:) can be used without an adapter. Two standard Atari-style digital joysticks could be plugged into each analogue port with an adapter. 335:, had limited release in April–June 1985, and was widely available in July. It was the first personal computer with a bitmapped color 4530: 2978: 2860: 2770: 4797: 4064: 3113: 1284:(DMA). The channels are arranged as either a mono track or a track of LRLRLRLR... bytes. RAM is now much more simply upgradable via 1255: 1208:

magazine's March 1986 cover photo of the system, the name plate reads 1040ST but in the headline and article it's simply "1040ST".

1120: 119: 4130: 4037: 3819: 3325: 3532: 3471: 1035:) DMA port (custom-sized 19-pin D-sub, for hard disks and laser printers, capable of up to 2 MB/s with efficient programming) 4104: 3981: 3942: 3903: 3439: 2139: 923:

The Atari 520ST+ has 1 MB RAM, twice that of the original model, but does not have the internal floppy drive of the 1040ST.

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promised that his company would quickly publish all of its games for the new computer, he doubted many others would soon do so.

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The 1040ST is one of the earliest personal computers shipped with a base RAM configuration of 1 MB. With a list price of

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Atari originally intended to include GEM's GDOS (Graphical Device Operating System), which allows programs to send GEM VDI (

4190: 5928: 2273: 2223:": Provides three-voice sound synthesis, also used for floppy signalling, serial control output and printer parallel port. 932:, but with a larger keyboard with cursor keys and a numeric keypad. The original has an external floppy drive (SF354) and 788: 3643: 2549:

a 520STFM/1040STFM with enhanced sound, a BLiTTER chip, and a 4096-color palette, in the older 1040-style all-in-one case

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Analogue joypad ports (2), with support for devices such as paddles and light pens in addition to joysticks/joypads. The

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is a standalone machine developed in conjunction with Perihelion Hardware, containing modified ST hardware and up to 17

2609: 2342: 2277: 2220: 2216: 1580: 1465:... it can have harmful effects on the longevity and health of your computer". In 1989, magazines published a letter by 919: 604: 244: 2689:-inch floppy drive (SF354). Speaker. Manufactured by JVC in limited quantity (≈1000), only a few working models remain. 100: 5450: 5380: 2466: 2133: 2072: 1855: 1818: 1699: 1552: 1546: 2842: 2695:

SM125: Monochrome monitor, 12-inch screen, up/down/sideways swivel stand, speaker, 640x400 pixels, 70 Hz refresh

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amplified prices. The company's English advertising slogan of the era was "Power Without the Price". An Atari ST and

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The lead architect of the new computer project at Tramel Technology and Atari Corporation was ex-Commodore employee

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SM124: Monochrome monitor, 12-inch screen (9.5-inch displayed image), speaker, 640 × 400 pixels, 70 Hz refresh

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National LMC 1992 audio controller chip, allowing adjustable left/right/master volume and bass and treble EQ via a

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reported in 1988—the belief in the existence of a "higher-than-normal amount of software piracy". That year,

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disk; and the Mk X further added a desktop case. C-Lab Falcons were also imported to the US by some Atari dealers.

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SLM804: Laser printer, connected through ACSI DMA port, used ST's memory and processor to build pages for printing

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Due to the ST having comparatively large amounts of memory for the time, sound sampling packages became feasible.

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Plenty of professional quality MIDI-related software was released. The popular Windows and Macintosh applications

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The ST's low cost, built-in MIDI ports, and fast, low-latency response times made it a favorite with musicians.

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threatened to discontinue the Atari ST version of its word processor because the company discovered that pirate

79: 5691: 5345: 5254: 5114: 1952: 1531: 1499: 1420: 1313: 741: 655: 336: 3868: 3591: 3265: 765: 635:(also known as The Operating System) for the Atari ST series, named for designer and developer Jason Loveman. 654:(for "The Operating System", colloquially known as the "Tramiel Operating System"). This gave the ST a fast, 5938: 5415: 5191: 5177: 5163: 4272: 2472: 2047: 2028: 1860: 1814: 1781: 1757: 1649: 979: 769: 531: 488: 449: 373:

consumer division to create Atari Corporation, the 520ST was designed in five months by a small team led by

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Hardware support for horizontal and vertical fine scrolling and split screen (using the Shifter video chip)

1169:, but IBM PC compatibles can not read Atari disks because of differences in the layout of data on track 0. 685:

After six months of intensive effort following Tramiel's takeover, Atari announced the 520ST at the Winter

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features a sound sampler using the ST cartridge port to read in parallel from the cartridge port from the

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SC1435: Color monitor, 14-inch screen, stereo speakers, replacement for SC1224 (rebadged Magnavox 1CM135)

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and Atari Laser Printer (sharing RAM with computer system), joystick and mouse ports (9-pin MSX standard)

401:-controlled graphical user interfaces. "ST" officially stands for "Sixteen/Thirty-two", referring to the 5752: 5233: 5121: 4099: 3976: 3937: 3898: 3618: 3527: 2540: 2408: 2397:

chip (stylized as BLiTTER) to copy/fill/clear large data blocks with a max write rate of 4 Mbytes/s

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a 520STFM with 1 MB of RAM and a built-in double-sided floppy disk drive, but without RF modulator

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relied heavily on the Atari ST in the studio and for live performances during the late 1980s and 1990s.

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became Atari's strongest market, with small business owners using them for desktop publishing and CAD.

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SC1425: Color monitor, 14-inch screen, One speaker on the left of screen, a jack to plug ear-listeners

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were usually coded for the Amiga in 32 colors first and later converted down to the ST in 16 colors.

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case that had a switchable 16 MHz, dual-bus design (16-bit external, 32-bit internal), optional

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DARIO G used the Atari ST to produce the dance track "Sunchyme" which reached No. 2 in the UK charts

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was the only STe-only game from a major publisher, but there were STe enhancements in games such as

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noted that the 1040ST is the first computer with one megabyte of RAM to sell for less than $ 2,500.

471:(1992). Atari discontinued the entire ST computer line in 1993, shifting the company's focus to the 5872: 5867: 5310: 5240: 5198: 4918: 4775: 3467: 2040: 2022: 1824: 1591: 1542: 1479:

on the ST would fail because BBSs would widely disseminate it. Within 30 days of releasing the non-

1443:, software publishers attributed their reluctance to produce Atari ST products in part to—as 1343: 989: 859: 515: 2124:

with an Atari ST, with their programmer Pete Gleadall saying " was just much easier to work with".

1575: 4860: 3105: 2641: 2617: 2088: 2035: 2032:, with their 1040ST still occasionally used for re-recording or remixing early tracks up to 2015. 1944: 1682:, he regards this facility as "the most important development in chess research since printing". 1660: 1587: 1055: 936:. Starting with the 1040ST, the floppy drive and power supply are integrated into the base unit. 895: 867: 784: 445: 429: 417: 4195:

The Antic Cyber Graphics Software and the Pre-History of Autodesk 3D Studio and Discreet 3ds max

4010: 3747: 2076:

in 1992. The machine is visible in the documentary included with the 2006 remaster of the album.

393:, the ST is part of a mid-1980s generation of computers with 16- or 32-bit processors, 256 3794: 3497: 2986: 2533:

a 520STFM with 1 MB of RAM and a built-in double-sided floppy disk drive with RF modulator

2131:

used the Atari ST with Steinberg Pro 24 software to produce several of their albums, including

744:) commands to drivers loaded by GDOS. This allows developers to send VDI instructions to other 448:

among amateur and professional musicians. The Atari ST's primary competitor was the Amiga from

5933: 5635: 5566: 5534: 5506: 5499: 5149: 5026: 4990: 4961: 4793: 4606: 4578: 4453: 3845: 3415: 3109: 3099: 2566: 2373: 1992: 1635: 1564: 1556: 1470: 1411:

The Falcon case closely resembles that of the ST and ST, with a slightly altered color scheme.

1407: 1388:

In 1990, Atari released the high-end workstation-oriented Atari TT030, based on a 32 MHz

1267: 899: 835: 827: 620: 544: 324: 320: 159: 3558: 3373: 3300: 3231: 3157: 3129: 2814: 1744:'s Devpac, TurboAss, GFA-Assembler), Pascal (OSS Personal Pascal, Maxon Pascal, PurePascal), 1610:, AtariWorks, Signum, Script and First Word (bundled with the machine). Spreadsheets include 5712: 5597: 5520: 5079: 5031: 5006: 4893: 3357: 2897: 2334: 2180:": Used for floppy and hard drive data transfers. Can directly access main memory in the ST. 1889: 1706:. Third-party BASIC systems with better performance were eventually released: HiSoft BASIC, 1623: 1325: 734: 690: 624: 560: 410: 406: 390: 348: 340: 240: 235: 4598: 4534: 4320: 2868: 2226:

HD6301V1 "Hitachi keyboard processor": Used for keyboard scanning and mouse/joystick ports.

1848:

ports to connect up to 16 machines for networked deathmatch play. The critically acclaimed

755: 5897: 5823: 5684: 5296: 5011: 5000: 3444: 3007: 2710:

SM195: Monochrome monitor, 19-inch screen for TT030. 1280 × 960 pixels. 70 Hz refresh

2051: 1959: 1885: 1607: 1480: 1217: 1204: 1152: 873: 441: 437: 4663: 3519: 3352: 2760: 2539:

redesigned motherboard with 1, 2 or 4 MB of RAM, respectively, in a much improved "

1238:

Initial sales were strong, especially in Europe, where Atari sold 75% of its computers.

5762: 5478: 4911: 4432: 4414: 4393: 4091: 3968: 3929: 3890: 3479: 3012: 2901: 2633: 2629: 2552: 2469: 2242: 1908: 1787: 1741: 1711: 1703: 1667: 1416: 1389: 1340: 1332: 993: 983: 973: 908: 887: 776: 711: 592: 464: 402: 398: 378: 362:

of memory, was the first home computer with a cost per kilobyte of RAM under US$ 1/KB.

260: 2452:

joypads and Power Pad joypads (gray version of Jaguar joypads marketed for the ST and

93: 5917: 5902: 5727: 5128: 4828: 3723: 3041: 2438:

with a replacement unit and the additional chips on a separate board fitting over it.

2364:

for allowing the low and medium resolution color modes when connected to a TV. Later

2320: 2316: 2121: 2117: 2103: 2084: 2020:

used a 520ST and 1040ST running Cubase during the recording of both of their albums,

1966: 1877: 1799: 1599: 1139: 1042: 1025: 1004: 851: 819: 815: 780: 623:

to the platform, but the delivery date was out by two years. Another possibility was

577: 540: 374: 4888: 4859:. Vol. IV, no. 1. November 1990 – January 1991. p. 11. Archived from 2070:

used a combination of an Atari ST and Cubase in the studio during the production of

1718:. In the later years of the Atari ST, Omikron Basic was bundled with it in Germany. 944: 627:, which was working on a new GUI-based system then known as Crystal, soon to become 5793: 5777: 5732: 5717: 5696: 5679: 5212: 5205: 3770: 2765: 2588: 2453: 2449: 2361: 2128: 2067: 1971: 1893: 1869: 1807: 1645: 1627: 1466: 1402: 1293: 1239: 1196: 1191: 929: 883: 847: 823: 798: 749: 674: 581: 535: 472: 468: 366: 3077: 2786: 2445:

device can be used without having to make any modifications to computer's hardware

1041:

ST cartridge port (double-sided 40-contact edge connector socket, for 128 KB

4338: 2441:

Ability to synchronize the video timings with an external device so that a video

2296:

drive, 360 KB capacity when formatted to standard 9 sector, 80 track layout.

1271:

to 16 in the lowest 320 × 200 resolution, and even fewer in higher resolutions),

455:

The 520ST and 1040ST were followed by the Mega series, the STE, and the portable

5813: 5767: 5629: 5590: 5527: 5471: 5282: 4985: 4955: 4198: 2426: 2293: 2017: 1979: 1947:

started using personal computers for work with Atari 1040ST and continued using

1924: 1904: 1881: 1795: 1603: 1450: 1383: 1336: 1221:

hailed it as the first computer to break the $ 1000 per megabyte price barrier.

1134: 1072: 839: 745: 662: 658: 484: 460: 456: 370: 35: 2713:

SH204: External hard drive, 20 MB MFM drive, "shoe box" case made of metal

2483:

The members of the ST family are listed below, in roughly chronological order:

2431: 1299:

The STE models initially had software and hardware conflicts resulting in some

139: 5851: 5722: 5674: 5669: 5664: 5659: 5652: 5647: 5492: 5457: 5408: 5394: 4750: 4483: 3054: 2613: 2404: 2308: 2096: 2080: 2010: 2006: 1715: 1595: 1484: 1473:. He stated that he had been warned by competitors that releasing a game like 933: 877: 726: 591:, but engineers were disappointed with its performance, and they moved to the 564: 504: 496: 386: 4610: 4388: 2299:

Ports: TV out (on ST-M and ST-FM models, NTSC or PAL standard RF-modulated),

2143:. A 1040ST can be seen in footage of the band jamming in their studio during 5846: 5604: 5401: 5021: 5016: 4868:

The Atari SLM605 ... includes such refinements as a sleeker physical profile

3701: 3400: 3134: 2819: 2728:

SLM605: Laser printer, connected through ACSI DMA port, smaller than SLM804.

2698:

SM147: Monochrome monitor, 14-inch screen, no speaker, replacement for SM124

2574: 2459: 2338: 2328: 2246: 2092: 2054:

said in 2016 that he continues to write music on an Atari 1040ST with C-Lab.

2013:", which reached #1 in the UK singles charts, was created using an Atari ST. 1840: 1753: 1749: 1730: 1707: 1687: 1675: 1619: 1615: 1523: 1361: 952: 651: 616: 599: 492: 248: 1182: 148: 17: 4364:"This 1987 First Person Shooter Video Game Used MIDI For Multiplayer Mode" 2258:

Display modes (60 Hz NTSC, 50 Hz PAL, 71.2 Hz monochrome):

2038:

programmed most of their music on an Atari ST, including the entire album

1721:

Atari's initial development kit from Atari is a computer and manuals. The

1527:

known as Unisyn on the Macintosh), from within the sequencer application.

5443: 5436: 5429: 5422: 5247: 5219: 4995: 4967: 3130:"Elahian Looks for Funding for Firm Devoted to Building Small Laptop PCs" 2253: 1873: 1745: 1653: 1631: 1535: 1494:

Several third-party OSes were developed for, or ported to, the Atari ST.

1445: 1223: 394: 359: 276: 272: 4164: 5818: 4438: 3438:

Edwards, Jon R.; Robinson, Phillip; McLaughlin, Brenda (January 1986).

2722:

Megafile 44: Removable cartridge drive, ACSI bus, Mega ST matching case

2581: 2442: 2394: 1928: 1920: 1803: 1656: 1611: 1555:

originated on Macintosh, then ST, then IBM PC version. It continued on

1305: 1276: 1272: 1250: 1230:

A limited number of 1040STFs shipped with a single-sided floppy drive.

891: 855: 588: 584:'s development. Different CPUs were investigated, including the 32-bit 508: 421: 298: 5045: 4248: 3758: 5226: 2570: 2304: 2057: 1975:

state that it was recorded using an Atari ST and C-Lab MIDI software.

1948: 1916: 1765: 1740:

Other development tools include 68000 assemblers (MadMac from Atari,

1519: 1360:

expansion slot, a network port (very similar to that used by Apple's

1357: 1166: 969: 960:

The ports on the 520ST remained largely unchanged over its history.

843: 714:

and Tramiel's role in its development resulted in it being nicknamed

707: 666: 647: 2701:

SC1224: Color monitor, 12-inch screen, 640 × 200 pixels plus speaker

2509:

a 520ST with a built-in modulator for TV output and 512 KB RAM.

483:

The Atari ST was born from the rivalry between home computer makers

416:

The ST was sold with either Atari's color monitor or less expensive

4599:"Atari Teenage Riot frontman Alec Empire on old tech and new music" 3860: 858:

said, "These days, if I were a consumer, I'd stick with companies

5366: 4934: 4505: 2560: 1834:

use the ST's graphics hardware, as do many arcade ports. The 1987

1671: 1574: 1560: 1503: 1406: 1181: 951: 943: 918: 791: 775:

The ST was less expensive than most contemporaries, including the

754: 382: 2761:"Total share: 30 years of personal computer market share figures" 2503:

192 KB of RAM, the machine only had around 256 KB left.

2213:"Western Digital Floppy Disk Controller": Floppy controller chip. 1202:

The trailing "F" and "FM" were often dropped in common usage. In

5622: 5331: 5324: 5317: 2422: 2300: 2193: 1845: 1761: 1507: 1495: 1321: 1285: 1038:

Floppy port (14-pin DIN, listed as operating at 250 kbit/s)

1032: 1000: 722:

cash, and employees feared that he would shut the company down.

639: 433: 4907: 725:

In early 1985, the 520ST shipped to the press, developers, and

3326:"America / We Built It For You / The Atari ST (advertisement)" 2312: 1066: 425: 29: 2264:

Medium resolution: 640 × 200 (4 color), palette of 512 colors

2060:

used Cubase on an Atari 1040ST when he created his 2000 hit "

907:, were unsure of whether to develop for the ST or the Amiga. 794:

terminal, commonly needed by offices with central computers.

2496:

same as the original model 520ST, but with 1 MB of RAM,

1864:

in 1995 attempted to compete with titles for newer systems.

1150:) were designed this way, as were a few games. The music in 928:

all-in-one unit, similar to earlier home computers like the

518:

to complete Lorraine's development, and Atari, now owned by

4899:

BYTE Magazine September 1986, Atari ST Software Development

2676:-inch floppy drive (720 KB) with external power supply 2663:-inch floppy drive (360 KB) with external power supply 2261:

Low resolution: 320 × 200 (16 color), palette of 512 colors

759:

An ST BASIC program to display the face of J.R. "Bob" Dobbs

697:

assessed the prototypes shown at computer shows as follows:

3138:. Vol. 11, no. 42. October 16, 1989. p. 44. 1563:, along with the original company's notation applications 665:, and provided programmers with function calls similar to 2391:

Extended palette of 4,096 available colors to choose from

2159:

All STs are made up of both custom and commercial chips.

1483:

ST version, the game was available on BBSs with maps and

1165:

STs with double-sided drives can read disks formatted by

1162:

are not accessible to single-sided drives, for example.

4903: 4454:"Making Tracks With MIDI - A Profile of Tangerine Dream" 2644:

processor. The GE-Soft Eagle is a 32 MHz TT clone.

511:

in 1982 and began designing the new "Lorraine" chipset.

4883: 2787:"Total Share: Personal Computer Market Share 1975-2010" 1199:

allowing a television to be used instead of a monitor.

2327:

port (ACSI port, Atari Computer System Interface) for

1510:

OS which was developed specifically for the Atari ST.

1215: (equivalent to about $ 2,800 in 2023) in the US, 4894:

Atari ST Computer Systems, Peripherals and Prototypes

424:

and some other markets, the ST gained a foothold for

4004: 4002: 5890: 5860: 5839: 5832: 5806: 5786: 5745: 5705: 5614: 5580: 5558: 5053: 4976: 4948: 4941: 3294: 3292: 3290: 3288: 3286: 1659:), brought 3D modelling, sculpting, scripting, and 304: 294: 282: 267: 254: 234: 224: 206: 183: 165: 155: 60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 4889:Atarimania: Atari ST software preservation project 4751:"subcon studios jam 1995 featuring Dwayne Goettel" 2276:3-voice square wave plus 1-voice white noise mono 1133:Atari initially used single-sided 3.5 inch floppy 495:, one of the designers of the custom chips in the 3259: 3257: 3255: 3253: 2808: 2806: 2804: 2802: 2679:PS3000: Combined 12-inch color monitor and 360k 3 1698:The 520ST was bundled with both Digital Research 1461:to warn that "we had better put a stop to piracy 2929:Robinson, Philip; Edwards, Jon R. (March 1986). 1328:, as well as exclusives from smaller companies. 3859:Rumberger, Russell W.; Levin, Henry M. (1986). 3795:"Atari 1040STFM - Computer - Computing History" 3401:"Little history of Atari ST, with focus on TOS" 3151: 3149: 3147: 3145: 1943:Prominent Russian film music and song composer 706:Atari unexpectedly displayed the ST at Atlanta 4678:"Q+A / Depeche Mode / working methods | SHUNT" 4559:September 2015, Ben Rogerson 24 (2015-09-24). 3846:"Atari 1040STF - Computer - Computing History" 3586: 3584: 3582: 3580: 4919: 3433: 3431: 2985:. James Capparell. p. 22. Archived from 2249:. 16-bit data/32-bit internal/24-bit address. 27:Line of home computers from Atari Corporation 8: 2924: 2922: 2920: 2918: 2384:As originally released in the 520ST/1040ST: 1714:, LDW BASIC, Omikron BASIC, BASIC 1000D and 132: 4790:M68000 Family Programmer's Reference Manual 4583:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( 4301:. Vol. 2, no. 6, Special issue #3 4185: 4183: 4181: 3671:"Microcomputer Color Graphics-Observations" 3559:"COMDEX: Nothing New Under the Georgia Sun" 3420:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( 2388:All of the features of the 520STFM/1040STFM 1101:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 638:GEM is based on CP/M-68K, a direct port of 514:Hi-Toro, by then renamed Amiga, ran out of 5836: 5783: 5702: 5555: 5044: 4945: 4926: 4912: 4904: 3928:Williams, Gregg (September–October 1986). 2890:"ANALOG TCS #1 001 03/20/85 DRI SHIPS GEM" 2741:– the fonts included in the Atari ST 2620:operations for tasks such as ray tracing. 2315:or Composite Video color and mono, 13-pin 147: 138: 131: 4698:"Making Tracks with MIDI: Mick Fleetwood" 4476:"Game Changers: Fatboy Slim 'Praise You'" 2972: 2109:British songwriters and record producers 1915:mode, though much more slowly than on an 1121:Learn how and when to remove this message 976:male, operating as basic 9-conductor DTE) 120:Learn how and when to remove this message 4631:"Interview: Richard H Kirk - M Magazine" 2970: 2968: 2966: 2964: 2962: 2960: 2958: 2956: 2954: 2952: 996:male) for the mouse and game controllers 619:suggested to Tramiel that it could port 4506:"White Town – Your Questions Answered!" 3902:. No. 27. April 1986. p. 32. 3101:Classic Videogame Hardware Genius Guide 2751: 2001:Paris La Défense – Une Ville En Concert 1258:automatically make use of the blitter. 5949:Computer-related introductions in 1985 4576: 4339:"Dungeon Master (Amiga) Game Download" 3724:"Atari ST Interfaces & Connectors" 3448:. Vol. 11, no. 1. p. 84 3413: 3361:. Vol. 4, no. 6. p. 26. 3238:. Vol. 7, no. 15. p. 13 3063:(2008-02-18). Retrieved on 2013-04-22. 2823:. Vol. 7, no. 22. p. 23 2267:High resolution: 640 × 400, monochrome 1630:, STAD, and Cyber Paint (which author 4850:"Atari's New Laser: The Atari SLM605" 4721: 4719: 4717: 4554: 4552: 3230:McCarthy, Michael, ed. (1985-04-15). 2640:is an Atari ST/TT clone based on the 2376:drive instead of a single-sided one. 2237:As originally released in the 520ST: 1457:(BBSs) were distributing it, causing 710:in May. Similarities to the original 7: 4727:"Instrumental Instruments: Atari ST" 4664:"The Story of 'Sandstorm' by Darude" 4275:. 2011-05-19. Kasparov and ChessBase 2666:SF314: Double-sided double-density 3 2653:SF354: Single-sided double-density 3 1099:adding citations to reliable sources 880:, which planned Amiga applications. 58:adding citations to reliable sources 4415:"Interview with Aleksandr Zatsepin" 3867:. Institute of Education Sciences. 3158:"Atari Announces Six New Computers" 2843:"Atari Is Shipping 520 ST Computer" 327:and the successor to the company's 3642:Dvorak, John C. (September 1985). 3353:"ST Product News: First ST review" 1919:. Other options are the PC-Speed ( 25: 4827:John Nagy (February–March 1991). 4434:Interview with Aleksandr Zatsepin 4319:Halfhill, Tom R. (October 1985). 4226:. 17 January 2007. Archived from 4036:Levitan, Arlan (September 1988). 4009:Leyenberger, Arthur (June 1988). 2372:models of the 520 had a built-in 2319:), extra disk drive port (14-pin 1958:German electronic music pioneers 797:By late 1985, the 520ST added an 787:software was much cheaper than a 650:file system which became part of 4321:"Atari 520ST: A Hands-On Report" 4063:Levitan, Arlan (December 1988). 3669:Webster, Bruce (December 1985). 3301:"Atari Promises Software For ST" 2977:Daniels, Jeffrey (Summer 1988). 2536:Mega ST (MEGA 1, MEGA 2, MEGA 4) 1618:. Graphics applications include 1071: 818:when she holds the football for 598:A custom sound processor called 34: 4776:"DARIO G: Recording SunMachine" 4110:from the original on 2022-10-09 3987:from the original on 2022-10-09 3948:from the original on 2022-10-09 3909:from the original on 2022-10-09 3871:from the original on 2023-12-02 3818:Halfhill, Tom R. (April 1986). 3538:from the original on 2022-10-09 3264:Sanger, David E. (1985-05-13). 3008:"The Future of Atari Computing" 2773:from the original on 2012-06-07 905:Software Publishing Corporation 580:, who previously worked on the 45:needs additional citations for 4857:The Atari Developer's Resource 4561:"Me in my studio: Utah Saints" 3969:"Computer Wargaming 1988-1992" 3891:"Survey of Game Manufacturers" 3557:Steele, William (1985-07-09). 2521:a 520STFM without RF modulator 2102:British DJ and house producer 1988:was created using an Atari ST. 1346:, built-in 1.44 MB "HD" 3 1: 4792:. Motorola. 1992. p. 1. 4731:daily.redbullmusicacademy.com 4645:"r/Music - I am Darude. AMA!" 3861:"Computers in Small Business" 3472:"Religion For the Hell of It" 3351:Powell, Jack (October 1985). 3232:"GEM on ROM for the Atari ST" 3199:"Professional GEM Column #15" 2759:Reimer, Jeremy (2005-12-15). 2407:with 2-channels stereo 8-bit 2311:parallel (printer), monitor ( 1674:player to register a copy of 615:Soon after the Atari buyout, 4362:Sethi, Rounik (2017-02-10). 4090:Louie, Gilman (April 1989). 3967:Brooks, M. Evan (May 1987). 3820:"A Turning Point For Atari?" 3592:"This Season's Computer War" 3374:"Atari Sales Underestimated" 3266:"Atari is Facing New Doubts" 2785:Jeremy Reimer (2012-12-07). 2610:Atari Transputer Workstation 2343:Graphics Environment Manager 2278:Programmable Sound Generator 2221:Programmable Sound Generator 2083:used an Atari ST to produce 1991:In the Paris performance of 1985:You've Come a Long Way, Baby 1931:) hardware emulator boards. 1364:) and an optional built-in 3 1296:console and are compatible. 1024:Monitor port (custom 13-pin 605:General Instrument AY-3-8910 369:purchased the assets of the 5944:Products introduced in 1985 4835:. Vol. 5, no. 6. 4814:"Article in SOS, June 1995" 4533:. MusicTech. Archived from 4387:Leigh, Peter (2016-07-16). 4129:Louie, Gilman (June 1989). 3980:. No. 37. p. 13. 3941:. No. 31. p. 35. 3799:www.computinghistory.org.uk 3520:"Hobby & Industry News" 3399:Atari 8BitChip (May 2018). 3372:Harris, Neil (1985-11-11). 2813:Maremaa, Tom (1985-06-03). 2252:RAM: 512 KB or 1 2111:Stock, Aitken, and Waterman 2073:Songs of Faith and Devotion 1856:The Secret of Monkey Island 1308:word-processor application 212:; 31 years ago 171:; 39 years ago 5965: 5924:68000-based home computers 4884:"The little green desktop" 4327:. No. 65. p. 22. 4295:"Getting Down To Business" 4157:"Dr T'S Kcs And Tiger Cub" 4103:. No. 58. p. 4. 3697:"Bold plans for new Atari" 3617:Mace, Scott (1985-12-02). 3531:. No. 28. p. 4. 3332:. October 1985. p. 19 3299:Chin, Kathy (1985-01-28). 3156:Chin, Kathy (1985-01-28). 2303:in/out (with 'out-thru'), 1775: 1602:. Word processors include 1400: 1381: 1331:The last STE machine, the 1156:and the intro sequence in 563:. Commodore announced the 436:ports, it was popular for 5042: 4662:VICE (26 December 2017). 4437:. 2021-11-03 – via 3118:– via Google Books. 2127:Canadian industrial band 2091:" album, and records for 1356:-inch floppy disk drive, 687:Consumer Electronics Show 331:. The initial model, the 146: 137: 4220:"Dinner with Tom Hudson" 3518:Oxner, Bill (May 1986). 3217:"Winter CES 1985 Report" 2815:"Atari Ships New 520 ST" 2245:16-/32-bit CPU @ 8 2155:Technical specifications 1953:Vienna Symphonic Library 1733:development package was 1634:would later evolve into 1614:, and databases include 1424: 1421:digital signal processor 742:Virtual Device Interface 358:, released in 1986 with 337:graphical user interface 4531:"Utah Saints Interview" 1815:role-playing video game 1813:The realtime pseudo-3D 1782:Category:Atari ST games 1624:DEGAS & DEGAS Elite 980:Centronics printer port 770:Church of the SubGenius 768:(the figurehead of the 532:Commodore International 489:Commodore International 5773:Transputer Workstation 5582:Software and utilities 4829:"Atari at Comdex 1990" 4702:www.atarimagazines.com 4249:"The People of ANALOG" 3775:www.atarimagazines.com 3619:"Christmas Contenders" 3056:History of Amiga video 2739:Bitstream Speedo Fonts 2434:, bypassing the stock 2116:British synth pop duo 1778:List of Atari ST games 1583: 1455:bulletin board systems 1412: 1393:hard-drive enclosure. 1335:, is an STE in a grey 1187: 957: 949: 924: 781:foreign-exchange rates 760: 704: 671:Atari ST character set 586:National Semiconductor 290:640 × 400 (monochrome) 5847:825 80-Column Printer 5753:Atari 8-bit computers 4100:Computer Gaming World 3977:Computer Gaming World 3938:Computer Gaming World 3899:Computer Gaming World 3528:Computer Gaming World 3164:. IDG. pp. 15–16 2979:"3 Years With the ST" 2865:media.arstechnica.com 2282:Drive: Single-sided 3 1927:), and ATonce-386SX ( 1652:later developed into 1578: 1489:Computer Gaming World 1441:Atari 8-bit computers 1410: 1185: 956:Atari ST mouse (2000) 955: 947: 922: 860:I know will be around 811:Computer Gaming World 758: 699: 644:disk operating system 520:Warner Communications 501:Atari 8-bit computers 339:, using a version of 309:Atari 8-bit computers 286:320 × 200 (16 colors) 5929:All-in-one computers 4666:– via YouTube. 4161:Tamw.atari-users.net 3380:(letter). p. 18 2569:(but definitely not 2178:Direct Memory Access 1997:Waiting for Cousteau 1965:The album notes for 1836:first-person shooter 1694:Software development 1642:3D computer graphics 1282:direct memory access 1280:50,066 Hz, via 1095:improve this section 990:Atari joystick ports 475:video game console. 397:or more of RAM, and 351:from February 1985. 329:8-bit home computers 288:640 × 200 (4 colors) 54:improve this article 5873:Atari joystick port 5615:Video game consoles 4633:. 21 December 2016. 4092:"Low Shelf "ST"eem" 3468:Robert Anton Wilson 3205:. Antic Publishing. 3186:. 1985. p. 48. 3184:Practical Computing 3080:on 18 February 2008 1831:Flight Simulator II 1646:Cyber Studio CAD-3D 1644:applications (like 1592:Timeworks Publisher 1543:Replay Professional 551:Commodore and Amiga 446:musical instruments 134: 5852:1020 Color Printer 5807:Portable computers 5746:Personal computers 5388:Return of the Jedi 5143:Cloak & Dagger 3596:The New York Times 3494:"price comparison" 3270:The New York Times 3197:Oren, Tim (1986). 3106:Imagine Publishing 2931:"The Atari 1040ST" 2847:The New York Times 2618:massively parallel 2190:31.250 kbit/s 2089:Tango In The Night 2041:Is This Hyperreal? 2036:Atari Teenage Riot 1945:Aleksandr Zatsepin 1760:, Aztec C, AHCC), 1661:computer animation 1590:software includes 1588:desktop publishing 1584: 1581:Batteries Included 1413: 1188: 1054:The ST supports a 958: 950: 925: 868:The New York Times 828:mass merchandisers 785:terminal emulation 761: 430:desktop publishing 418:monochrome monitor 321:personal computers 184:Introductory price 5911: 5910: 5886: 5885: 5802: 5801: 5741: 5740: 5636:Atari Video Music 5576: 5575: 5040: 5039: 5027:Nightdive Studios 4991:Atari Interactive 4962:Atari Corporation 4293:Bisson, Giselle. 4273:"ChessBase is 25" 4253:Analog.klanky.com 3930:"Atari Playfield" 3307:. IDG. p. 17 3044:: 39. April 1995. 2374:double-sided disk 2147:writing sessions. 1993:Jean Michel Jarre 1670:became the first 1636:Autodesk Animator 1471:Spectrum HoloByte 1268:Atari Corporation 1131: 1130: 1123: 1031:ACSI (similar to 1007:, "IN" and "OUT") 948:Atari 520ST ports 805:Industry reaction 766:J. R. "Bob" Dobbs 693:in January 1985. 545:Atari Corporation 534:in January 1984, 526:Tramel Technology 409:external bus and 325:Atari Corporation 314: 313: 160:Personal computer 130: 129: 122: 104: 16:(Redirected from 5956: 5837: 5784: 5703: 5598:Atari Calculator 5556: 5521:Tournament Table 5087:Atari Basketball 5080:Asteroids Deluxe 5048: 5007:Cyan Engineering 4946: 4928: 4921: 4914: 4905: 4871: 4870: 4865: 4854: 4846: 4840: 4839: 4824: 4818: 4817: 4810: 4804: 4803: 4786: 4780: 4779: 4772: 4766: 4765: 4763: 4762: 4747: 4741: 4740: 4738: 4737: 4723: 4712: 4711: 4709: 4708: 4694: 4688: 4687: 4685: 4684: 4674: 4668: 4667: 4659: 4653: 4652: 4641: 4635: 4634: 4627: 4621: 4620: 4618: 4617: 4595: 4589: 4588: 4582: 4574: 4572: 4571: 4556: 4547: 4546: 4544: 4542: 4527: 4521: 4520: 4518: 4517: 4502: 4496: 4495: 4493: 4491: 4482:. Archived from 4471: 4465: 4464: 4462: 4460: 4449: 4443: 4442: 4429: 4423: 4422: 4411: 4405: 4404: 4402: 4401: 4384: 4378: 4377: 4375: 4374: 4359: 4353: 4352: 4350: 4349: 4335: 4329: 4328: 4316: 4310: 4309: 4307: 4306: 4290: 4284: 4283: 4281: 4280: 4269: 4263: 4262: 4260: 4259: 4245: 4239: 4238: 4236: 4235: 4216: 4210: 4209: 4207: 4206: 4197:. Archived from 4187: 4176: 4175: 4173: 4172: 4163:. Archived from 4153: 4147: 4146: 4144: 4142: 4126: 4120: 4119: 4117: 4115: 4109: 4096: 4087: 4081: 4080: 4078: 4076: 4060: 4054: 4053: 4051: 4049: 4033: 4027: 4026: 4024: 4022: 4006: 3997: 3996: 3994: 3992: 3986: 3973: 3964: 3958: 3957: 3955: 3953: 3947: 3934: 3925: 3919: 3918: 3916: 3914: 3908: 3895: 3887: 3881: 3880: 3878: 3876: 3856: 3850: 3849: 3842: 3836: 3835: 3833: 3831: 3815: 3809: 3808: 3806: 3805: 3791: 3785: 3784: 3782: 3781: 3767: 3761: 3756: 3750: 3745: 3739: 3738: 3736: 3734: 3720: 3714: 3713: 3711: 3710: 3693: 3687: 3686: 3684: 3682: 3666: 3660: 3659: 3657: 3655: 3639: 3633: 3632: 3630: 3629: 3614: 3608: 3607: 3605: 3603: 3588: 3575: 3574: 3572: 3570: 3554: 3548: 3547: 3545: 3543: 3537: 3524: 3515: 3509: 3508: 3506: 3505: 3496:. Archived from 3490: 3484: 3483: 3478:. Archived from 3464: 3458: 3457: 3455: 3453: 3435: 3426: 3425: 3419: 3411: 3409: 3407: 3396: 3390: 3389: 3387: 3385: 3369: 3363: 3362: 3348: 3342: 3341: 3339: 3337: 3322: 3316: 3315: 3313: 3312: 3296: 3281: 3280: 3278: 3276: 3261: 3248: 3247: 3245: 3243: 3227: 3221: 3220: 3213: 3207: 3206: 3194: 3188: 3187: 3179: 3173: 3172: 3170: 3169: 3153: 3140: 3139: 3126: 3120: 3119: 3096: 3090: 3089: 3087: 3085: 3076:. Archived from 3070: 3064: 3057: 3052: 3046: 3045: 3031: 3025: 3024: 3022: 3021: 3004: 2998: 2997: 2995: 2994: 2974: 2947: 2946: 2944: 2942: 2926: 2913: 2912: 2910: 2909: 2886: 2880: 2879: 2877: 2876: 2867:. Archived from 2857: 2851: 2850: 2839: 2833: 2832: 2830: 2828: 2810: 2797: 2794: 2781: 2779: 2778: 2756: 2688: 2687: 2683: 2675: 2674: 2670: 2662: 2661: 2657: 2636:processors. The 2546:520ST and 1040ST 2335:Operating System 2291: 2290: 2286: 2199: 2191: 2079:Record producer 2048:Cabaret Voltaire 1890:The Chaos Engine 1736: 1728: 1724: 1553:MasterTracks Pro 1373: 1372: 1368: 1355: 1354: 1350: 1326:The Chaos Engine 1214: 1126: 1119: 1115: 1112: 1106: 1075: 1067: 801:for TV display. 661:, essential for 625:Digital Research 611:Operating system 561:operating system 438:music sequencing 432:. With built-in 391:Acorn Archimedes 377:. Alongside the 349:operating system 341:Digital Research 241:Digital Research 236:Operating system 230: 220: 218: 213: 198: 192: 179: 177: 172: 151: 142: 135: 125: 118: 114: 111: 105: 103: 62: 38: 30: 21: 5964: 5963: 5959: 5958: 5957: 5955: 5954: 5953: 5914: 5913: 5912: 5907: 5898:Atari Flashback 5882: 5856: 5828: 5798: 5782: 5737: 5701: 5610: 5572: 5554: 5297:Missile Command 5157:Crystal Castles 5056: 5049: 5036: 5012:Digital Eclipse 5001:Chuck E. Cheese 4978: 4972: 4937: 4932: 4880: 4875: 4874: 4866:on 2019-06-09. 4863: 4852: 4848: 4847: 4843: 4826: 4825: 4821: 4812: 4811: 4807: 4800: 4788: 4787: 4783: 4774: 4773: 4769: 4760: 4758: 4749: 4748: 4744: 4735: 4733: 4725: 4724: 4715: 4706: 4704: 4696: 4695: 4691: 4682: 4680: 4676: 4675: 4671: 4661: 4660: 4656: 4651:. 8 April 2015. 4643: 4642: 4638: 4629: 4628: 4624: 4615: 4613: 4597: 4596: 4592: 4575: 4569: 4567: 4558: 4557: 4550: 4540: 4538: 4529: 4528: 4524: 4515: 4513: 4510:Whitetown.co.uk 4504: 4503: 4499: 4489: 4487: 4473: 4472: 4468: 4458: 4456: 4451: 4450: 4446: 4431: 4430: 4426: 4413: 4412: 4408: 4399: 4397: 4386: 4385: 4381: 4372: 4370: 4361: 4360: 4356: 4347: 4345: 4337: 4336: 4332: 4318: 4317: 4313: 4304: 4302: 4292: 4291: 4287: 4278: 4276: 4271: 4270: 4266: 4257: 4255: 4247: 4246: 4242: 4233: 4231: 4218: 4217: 4213: 4204: 4202: 4189: 4188: 4179: 4170: 4168: 4155: 4154: 4150: 4140: 4138: 4131:"Stop Stealing" 4128: 4127: 4123: 4113: 4111: 4107: 4094: 4089: 4088: 4084: 4074: 4072: 4062: 4061: 4057: 4047: 4045: 4035: 4034: 4030: 4020: 4018: 4008: 4007: 4000: 3990: 3988: 3984: 3971: 3966: 3965: 3961: 3951: 3949: 3945: 3932: 3927: 3926: 3922: 3912: 3910: 3906: 3893: 3889: 3888: 3884: 3874: 3872: 3858: 3857: 3853: 3844: 3843: 3839: 3829: 3827: 3817: 3816: 3812: 3803: 3801: 3793: 3792: 3788: 3779: 3777: 3769: 3768: 3764: 3757: 3753: 3746: 3742: 3732: 3730: 3722: 3721: 3717: 3708: 3706: 3705:. December 1984 3695: 3694: 3690: 3680: 3678: 3668: 3667: 3663: 3653: 3651: 3641: 3640: 3636: 3627: 3625: 3616: 3615: 3611: 3601: 3599: 3590: 3589: 3578: 3568: 3566: 3556: 3555: 3551: 3541: 3539: 3535: 3522: 3517: 3516: 3512: 3503: 3501: 3492: 3491: 3487: 3466: 3465: 3461: 3451: 3449: 3437: 3436: 3429: 3412: 3405: 3403: 3398: 3397: 3393: 3383: 3381: 3371: 3370: 3366: 3350: 3349: 3345: 3335: 3333: 3324: 3323: 3319: 3310: 3308: 3298: 3297: 3284: 3274: 3272: 3263: 3262: 3251: 3241: 3239: 3229: 3228: 3224: 3215: 3214: 3210: 3196: 3195: 3191: 3182:"Atari 520ST". 3181: 3180: 3176: 3167: 3165: 3155: 3154: 3143: 3128: 3127: 3123: 3116: 3108:. p. 230. 3098: 3097: 3093: 3083: 3081: 3072: 3071: 3067: 3055: 3053: 3049: 3037:Next Generation 3033: 3032: 3028: 3019: 3017: 3016:. December 1989 3006: 3005: 3001: 2992: 2990: 2976: 2975: 2950: 2940: 2938: 2928: 2927: 2916: 2907: 2905: 2902:net.micro.atari 2888: 2887: 2883: 2874: 2872: 2859: 2858: 2854: 2841: 2840: 2836: 2826: 2824: 2812: 2811: 2800: 2784: 2776: 2774: 2758: 2757: 2753: 2748: 2735: 2685: 2681: 2680: 2672: 2668: 2667: 2659: 2655: 2654: 2650: 2626: 2607: 2605:Related systems 2598: 2481: 2421:Memory: 30-pin 2382: 2288: 2284: 2283: 2235: 2197: 2189: 2185:Support chips: 2157: 2120:replaced their 2052:Richard H. Kirk 1960:Tangerine Dream 1937: 1902: 1886:Sensible Soccer 1784: 1774: 1748:, C compilers ( 1734: 1726: 1722: 1696: 1690:paint program. 1680:Child of Change 1648:, which author 1608:Microsoft Write 1579:Degas Elite by 1573: 1516: 1498:clones include 1437: 1405: 1399: 1386: 1380: 1370: 1366: 1365: 1352: 1348: 1347: 1275:support, and a 1264: 1236: 1212: 1180: 1175: 1153:Carrier Command 1127: 1116: 1110: 1107: 1092: 1076: 1065: 1052: 1021: 1011:Because of its 966: 942: 917: 874:Electronic Arts 834:companies like 807: 683: 613: 574: 553: 528: 481: 289: 287: 228: 216: 214: 211: 202: 199:(color monitor) 196: 190: 175: 173: 170: 126: 115: 109: 106: 63: 61: 51: 39: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 5962: 5960: 5952: 5951: 5946: 5941: 5939:Home computers 5936: 5931: 5926: 5916: 5915: 5909: 5908: 5906: 5905: 5900: 5894: 5892: 5888: 5887: 5884: 5883: 5881: 5880: 5878:XG-1 light gun 5875: 5870: 5864: 5862: 5861:Gaming devices 5858: 5857: 5855: 5854: 5849: 5843: 5841: 5834: 5830: 5829: 5827: 5826: 5821: 5816: 5810: 5808: 5804: 5803: 5800: 5799: 5797: 5796: 5790: 5788: 5781: 5780: 5775: 5770: 5765: 5760: 5755: 5749: 5747: 5743: 5742: 5739: 5738: 5736: 5735: 5730: 5725: 5720: 5715: 5709: 5707: 5700: 5699: 5694: 5689: 5688: 5687: 5677: 5672: 5667: 5662: 5657: 5656: 5655: 5645: 5638: 5633: 5626: 5618: 5616: 5612: 5611: 5609: 5608: 5601: 5594: 5586: 5584: 5578: 5577: 5574: 5573: 5571: 5570: 5562: 5560: 5553: 5552: 5545: 5538: 5531: 5524: 5517: 5510: 5503: 5496: 5489: 5482: 5479:Super Breakout 5475: 5468: 5461: 5454: 5447: 5440: 5433: 5426: 5419: 5412: 5405: 5398: 5391: 5384: 5377: 5370: 5363: 5356: 5349: 5342: 5335: 5328: 5321: 5314: 5307: 5300: 5293: 5286: 5279: 5272: 5265: 5258: 5251: 5244: 5237: 5230: 5223: 5216: 5209: 5202: 5195: 5188: 5181: 5174: 5167: 5160: 5153: 5150:Crash 'N Score 5146: 5139: 5132: 5125: 5118: 5111: 5104: 5097: 5094:Atari Football 5090: 5083: 5076: 5069: 5061: 5059: 5057:and amusements 5051: 5050: 5043: 5041: 5038: 5037: 5035: 5034: 5029: 5024: 5019: 5014: 5009: 5004: 4998: 4993: 4988: 4982: 4980: 4974: 4973: 4971: 4970: 4965: 4959: 4952: 4950: 4943: 4939: 4938: 4933: 4931: 4930: 4923: 4916: 4908: 4902: 4901: 4896: 4891: 4886: 4879: 4878:External links 4876: 4873: 4872: 4841: 4819: 4805: 4798: 4781: 4767: 4742: 4713: 4689: 4669: 4654: 4636: 4622: 4590: 4548: 4522: 4497: 4466: 4444: 4424: 4406: 4394:Nostalgia Nerd 4379: 4354: 4343:GamesNostalgia 4330: 4311: 4285: 4264: 4240: 4211: 4177: 4148: 4121: 4082: 4055: 4028: 3998: 3959: 3920: 3882: 3851: 3837: 3810: 3786: 3762: 3751: 3740: 3715: 3688: 3661: 3634: 3609: 3576: 3549: 3510: 3485: 3482:on 2011-09-27. 3459: 3440:"The Atari ST" 3427: 3391: 3364: 3343: 3317: 3282: 3249: 3222: 3208: 3189: 3174: 3141: 3121: 3114: 3091: 3074:"Jay G. Miner" 3065: 3047: 3026: 3013:STart Magazine 2999: 2983:START Magazine 2948: 2914: 2881: 2861:"GUI Timeline" 2852: 2834: 2798: 2796: 2795: 2750: 2749: 2747: 2744: 2743: 2742: 2734: 2731: 2730: 2729: 2726: 2723: 2720: 2717: 2714: 2711: 2708: 2705: 2702: 2699: 2696: 2693: 2690: 2677: 2664: 2649: 2646: 2625: 2622: 2606: 2603: 2597: 2594: 2593: 2592: 2584: 2579: 2563: 2558: 2555: 2550: 2547: 2544: 2537: 2534: 2531: 2528: 2525: 2522: 2519: 2516: 2513: 2510: 2507: 2504: 2500: 2497: 2494: 2491: 2488: 2480: 2477: 2476: 2475: 2463: 2457: 2446: 2439: 2430:of 14 MB 2425:memory slots ( 2419: 2412: 2401: 2398: 2392: 2389: 2381: 2378: 2347: 2346: 2332: 2297: 2280: 2270: 2269: 2268: 2265: 2262: 2256: 2250: 2243:Motorola 68000 2234: 2231: 2230: 2229: 2228: 2227: 2224: 2214: 2208: 2201: 2183: 2182: 2181: 2174: 2170: 2167: 2163:Custom chips: 2156: 2153: 2152: 2151: 2148: 2125: 2114: 2107: 2100: 2077: 2065: 2055: 2045: 2033: 2014: 2004: 1989: 1976: 1963: 1956: 1936: 1935:Music industry 1933: 1901: 1898: 1819:Dungeon Master 1788:Peter Molyneux 1773: 1770: 1742:HiSoft Systems 1710:, FaST BASIC, 1704:Atari ST BASIC 1695: 1692: 1668:Garry Kasparov 1572: 1569: 1515: 1512: 1481:copy protected 1436: 1433: 1417:Motorola 56001 1401:Main article: 1398: 1395: 1390:Motorola 68030 1382:Main article: 1379: 1376: 1341:Motorola 68881 1266:In late 1989, 1263: 1260: 1235: 1232: 1179: 1176: 1174: 1171: 1140:early adopters 1129: 1128: 1079: 1077: 1070: 1064: 1061: 1051: 1048: 1047: 1046: 1043:ROM cartridges 1039: 1036: 1029: 1020: 1017: 1013:bi-directional 1009: 1008: 997: 987: 977: 965: 962: 941: 938: 916: 913: 909:John C. Dvorak 888:Michael Berlyn 806: 803: 777:Macintosh Plus 682: 679: 612: 609: 593:Motorola 68000 573: 570: 552: 549: 530:After leaving 527: 524: 480: 477: 403:Motorola 68000 312: 311: 306: 302: 301: 296: 292: 291: 284: 280: 279: 269: 265: 264: 258: 252: 251: 238: 232: 231: 226: 222: 221: 208: 204: 203: 201: 200: 194: 187: 185: 181: 180: 169:June 1985 167: 163: 162: 157: 153: 152: 144: 143: 128: 127: 42: 40: 33: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5961: 5950: 5947: 5945: 5942: 5940: 5937: 5935: 5932: 5930: 5927: 5925: 5922: 5921: 5919: 5904: 5903:Intellivision 5901: 5899: 5896: 5895: 5893: 5889: 5879: 5876: 5874: 5871: 5869: 5868:CX40 joystick 5866: 5865: 5863: 5859: 5853: 5850: 5848: 5845: 5844: 5842: 5838: 5835: 5831: 5825: 5822: 5820: 5817: 5815: 5812: 5811: 5809: 5805: 5795: 5792: 5791: 5789: 5785: 5779: 5776: 5774: 5771: 5769: 5766: 5764: 5761: 5759: 5756: 5754: 5751: 5750: 5748: 5744: 5734: 5731: 5729: 5726: 5724: 5721: 5719: 5716: 5714: 5711: 5710: 5708: 5704: 5698: 5695: 5693: 5690: 5686: 5683: 5682: 5681: 5678: 5676: 5673: 5671: 5668: 5666: 5663: 5661: 5658: 5654: 5651: 5650: 5649: 5646: 5644: 5643: 5642:Video Pinball 5639: 5637: 5634: 5632: 5631: 5627: 5625: 5624: 5620: 5619: 5617: 5613: 5607: 5606: 5602: 5600: 5599: 5595: 5593: 5592: 5588: 5587: 5585: 5583: 5579: 5569: 5568: 5564: 5563: 5561: 5557: 5551: 5550: 5546: 5544: 5543: 5542:Video Pinball 5539: 5537: 5536: 5532: 5530: 5529: 5525: 5523: 5522: 5518: 5516: 5515: 5511: 5509: 5508: 5504: 5502: 5501: 5497: 5495: 5494: 5490: 5488: 5487: 5483: 5481: 5480: 5476: 5474: 5473: 5469: 5467: 5466: 5462: 5460: 5459: 5455: 5453: 5452: 5448: 5446: 5445: 5441: 5439: 5438: 5434: 5432: 5431: 5427: 5425: 5424: 5420: 5418: 5417: 5413: 5411: 5410: 5406: 5404: 5403: 5399: 5397: 5396: 5392: 5390: 5389: 5385: 5383: 5382: 5378: 5376: 5375: 5371: 5369: 5368: 5364: 5362: 5361: 5357: 5355: 5354: 5350: 5348: 5347: 5343: 5341: 5340: 5336: 5334: 5333: 5329: 5327: 5326: 5322: 5320: 5319: 5315: 5313: 5312: 5308: 5306: 5305: 5301: 5299: 5298: 5294: 5292: 5291: 5287: 5285: 5284: 5280: 5278: 5277: 5273: 5271: 5270: 5266: 5264: 5263: 5259: 5257: 5256: 5252: 5250: 5249: 5245: 5243: 5242: 5238: 5236: 5235: 5231: 5229: 5228: 5224: 5222: 5221: 5217: 5215: 5214: 5210: 5208: 5207: 5203: 5201: 5200: 5196: 5194: 5193: 5189: 5187: 5186: 5182: 5180: 5179: 5175: 5173: 5172: 5168: 5166: 5165: 5161: 5159: 5158: 5154: 5152: 5151: 5147: 5145: 5144: 5140: 5138: 5137: 5133: 5131: 5130: 5129:Canyon Bomber 5126: 5124: 5123: 5119: 5117: 5116: 5112: 5110: 5109: 5105: 5103: 5102: 5098: 5096: 5095: 5091: 5089: 5088: 5084: 5082: 5081: 5077: 5075: 5074: 5070: 5068: 5067: 5066:Anti-Aircraft 5063: 5062: 5060: 5058: 5052: 5047: 5033: 5030: 5028: 5025: 5023: 5020: 5018: 5015: 5013: 5010: 5008: 5005: 5002: 4999: 4997: 4994: 4992: 4989: 4987: 4984: 4983: 4981: 4979:and spin-offs 4975: 4969: 4966: 4963: 4960: 4957: 4954: 4953: 4951: 4947: 4944: 4940: 4936: 4929: 4924: 4922: 4917: 4915: 4910: 4909: 4906: 4900: 4897: 4895: 4892: 4890: 4887: 4885: 4882: 4881: 4877: 4869: 4862: 4858: 4851: 4845: 4842: 4838: 4834: 4830: 4823: 4820: 4815: 4809: 4806: 4801: 4799:0-13-723289-6 4795: 4791: 4785: 4782: 4777: 4771: 4768: 4756: 4752: 4746: 4743: 4732: 4728: 4722: 4720: 4718: 4714: 4703: 4699: 4693: 4690: 4679: 4673: 4670: 4665: 4658: 4655: 4650: 4646: 4640: 4637: 4632: 4626: 4623: 4612: 4608: 4604: 4600: 4594: 4591: 4586: 4580: 4566: 4562: 4555: 4553: 4549: 4537:on 2015-09-16 4536: 4532: 4526: 4523: 4512:. 28 May 2005 4511: 4507: 4501: 4498: 4486:on 2014-02-28 4485: 4481: 4477: 4470: 4467: 4455: 4448: 4445: 4440: 4436: 4435: 4428: 4425: 4421:. 2021-11-03. 4420: 4416: 4410: 4407: 4396: 4395: 4390: 4389:"Doom Clones" 4383: 4380: 4369: 4365: 4358: 4355: 4344: 4340: 4334: 4331: 4326: 4322: 4315: 4312: 4300: 4296: 4289: 4286: 4274: 4268: 4265: 4254: 4250: 4244: 4241: 4230:on 2007-11-12 4229: 4225: 4221: 4215: 4212: 4201:on 2013-05-01 4200: 4196: 4192: 4191:"Cyber Paint" 4186: 4184: 4182: 4178: 4167:on 2013-05-21 4166: 4162: 4158: 4152: 4149: 4136: 4132: 4125: 4122: 4106: 4102: 4101: 4093: 4086: 4083: 4071:. p. 104 4070: 4066: 4065:"Levitations" 4059: 4056: 4043: 4039: 4038:"Levitations" 4032: 4029: 4016: 4012: 4005: 4003: 3999: 3983: 3979: 3978: 3970: 3963: 3960: 3944: 3940: 3939: 3931: 3924: 3921: 3905: 3901: 3900: 3892: 3886: 3883: 3870: 3866: 3862: 3855: 3852: 3847: 3841: 3838: 3825: 3821: 3814: 3811: 3800: 3796: 3790: 3787: 3776: 3772: 3766: 3763: 3759: 3755: 3752: 3748: 3744: 3741: 3729: 3728:info-coach.fr 3725: 3719: 3716: 3704: 3703: 3698: 3692: 3689: 3677:. p. 405 3676: 3672: 3665: 3662: 3649: 3645: 3638: 3635: 3624: 3620: 3613: 3610: 3597: 3593: 3587: 3585: 3583: 3581: 3577: 3564: 3560: 3553: 3550: 3534: 3530: 3529: 3521: 3514: 3511: 3500:on 2009-10-26 3499: 3495: 3489: 3486: 3481: 3477: 3473: 3469: 3463: 3460: 3447: 3446: 3441: 3434: 3432: 3428: 3423: 3417: 3402: 3395: 3392: 3379: 3375: 3368: 3365: 3360: 3359: 3354: 3347: 3344: 3331: 3327: 3321: 3318: 3306: 3302: 3295: 3293: 3291: 3289: 3287: 3283: 3271: 3267: 3260: 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Retrieved 2766:Ars Technica 2764: 2754: 2627: 2608: 2599: 2589:flash memory 2482: 2450:Atari Jaguar 2383: 2369: 2365: 2362:RF modulator 2357: 2353: 2351: 2348: 2236: 2204: 2198:7812.5 bit/s 2158: 2145:The Process' 2144: 2138: 2132: 2129:Skinny Puppy 2071: 2068:Depeche Mode 2044:(June 2011). 2039: 2027: 2021: 1996: 1983: 1972:Earth Moving 1970: 1938: 1923:), AT-Spee ( 1903: 1894:Civilization 1870:Commodore 64 1866: 1859: 1849: 1839: 1829: 1823: 1817: 1812: 1808:David Braben 1785: 1739: 1720: 1697: 1684: 1679: 1666: 1640: 1628:Deluxe Paint 1585: 1571:Applications 1551: 1540: 1529: 1517: 1493: 1488: 1474: 1467:Gilman Louie 1462: 1458: 1444: 1439:As with the 1438: 1429: 1414: 1403:Atari Falcon 1387: 1330: 1301:applications 1298: 1294:Atari Jaguar 1290: 1265: 1248: 1244: 1240:West Germany 1237: 1229: 1222: 1216: 1210: 1203: 1201: 1197:RF modulator 1192:floppy drive 1189: 1186:Atari 1040ST 1164: 1157: 1151: 1147: 1144: 1132: 1117: 1108: 1093:Please help 1081: 1063:Floppy drive 1053: 1010: 959: 930:Commodore 64 926: 884:Trip Hawkins 882: 866: 864: 848:Commodore 64 832: 824:ComputerLand 809: 808: 799:RF modulator 796: 774: 762: 750:vector fonts 739: 731: 724: 720: 715: 705: 700: 694: 684: 675:codepage 437 673:is based on 656:hierarchical 637: 633: 614: 597: 582:Commodore 64 575: 558: 554: 536:Jack Tramiel 529: 513: 482: 467:(1991), and 454: 415: 367:Jack Tramiel 364: 356:Atari 1040ST 355: 353: 332: 316: 315: 207:Discontinued 193:(monochrome) 166:Release date 116: 107: 97: 90: 83: 76: 64: 52:Please help 47:verification 44: 5833:Peripherals 5630:Stunt Cycle 5591:Atari BASIC 5528:Triple Hunt 5472:Stunt Cycle 5283:Major Havoc 5255:Jet Fighter 5115:Black Widow 5003:(1977–1980) 4986:Atari Games 4964:(1984–1996) 4958:(1972–1992) 4956:Atari, Inc. 4755:youtube.com 4541:8 September 4141:11 November 4075:10 November 4048:10 November 4021:11 November 3650:. p. 5 3563:PC Magazine 3084:9 September 2648:Peripherals 2616:capable of 2614:transputers 2432:w/Magnum-ST 2360:) added an 2341:v1.00 with 2294:floppy disk 2233:ST/ST/ST/ST 2217:YM2149F PSG 2140:The Process 2023:Utah Saints 2018:Utah Saints 1980:Fatboy Slim 1925:Intel 80286 1905:Spectre GCR 1882:Turrican II 1844:, uses the 1796:Jeff Minter 1604:WordPerfect 1485:code wheels 1451:WordPerfect 1423:. Like the 1384:Atari TT030 1314:Sleepwalker 1135:disk drives 1019:ST-specific 840:Ashton-Tate 727:user groups 663:hard drives 659:file system 572:ST hardware 485:Atari, Inc. 479:Development 413:internals. 371:Atari, Inc. 333:Atari 520ST 305:Predecessor 229:2.1 million 18:Atari 520ST 5918:Categories 5787:Prototypes 5713:Game Brain 5706:Prototypes 5692:VCS (2021) 5559:Prototypes 5535:Ultra Tank 5493:Super Pong 5458:Starship 1 5416:Space Race 5409:Space Duel 5395:Shark Jaws 5346:Quadrapong 5192:Food Fight 5178:Fire Truck 5108:Battlezone 4761:2023-07-07 4736:2021-09-03 4707:2021-09-03 4683:2020-09-06 4616:2021-09-03 4570:2021-09-03 4565:MusicRadar 4516:2013-04-22 4490:12 October 4400:2024-06-23 4373:2024-06-26 4348:2019-10-20 4305:2013-04-22 4279:2023-10-20 4258:2013-04-22 4234:2013-04-22 4205:2013-04-22 4171:2013-04-22 3875:2 December 3830:8 November 3804:2021-05-25 3780:2021-09-06 3771:"XF35 Kit" 3749:temlib.org 3709:2011-08-01 3681:28 October 3628:2011-01-22 3569:28 October 3504:2003-10-24 3406:14 January 3336:16 October 3311:2011-03-19 3242:4 February 3168:2011-03-19 3034:"Clunky". 3020:2006-06-23 2993:2010-05-15 2908:2013-04-22 2875:2007-10-23 2777:2021-11-27 2746:References 2596:Unreleased 2405:sound chip 2329:hard disks 2309:Centronics 2211:WD-1772-PH 2104:Joey Negro 2097:Dave Mason 2081:Jimmy Hotz 2011:Your Woman 2007:White Town 1861:Substation 1800:Éric Chahi 1776:See also: 1752:, Pure C, 1650:Tom Hudson 1596:PageStream 1506:, and the 1469:, head of 1056:monochrome 934:AC adapter 878:Activision 716:Jackintosh 565:Amiga 1000 505:think tank 497:Atari 2600 442:controller 387:Apple IIGS 225:Units sold 197:US$ 999.99 191:US$ 799.99 110:April 2023 80:newspapers 69:"Atari ST" 5824:Portfolio 5623:Home Pong 5605:Atari DOS 5486:Super Bug 5451:Star Wars 5402:Sky Diver 5381:Red Baron 5360:Quiz Show 5290:Millipede 5269:Liberator 5164:Destroyer 5136:Centipede 5101:Avalanche 5073:Asteroids 5022:MobyGames 5017:Kee Games 4611:1357-0978 4368:Ask.Audio 4011:"ST User" 3991:April 17, 3952:April 17, 3913:April 17, 3733:14 August 3702:InfoWorld 3623:InfoWorld 3476:Hot Press 3384:8 January 3378:InfoWorld 3305:InfoWorld 3275:5 January 3236:InfoWorld 3162:InfoWorld 3135:InfoWorld 2898:Newsgroup 2820:InfoWorld 2541:pizza box 2465:Socketed 2418:interface 2416:Microwire 2093:B.B. 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